CN113396784A - Cutting seedling method for improving propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud segmentation - Google Patents
Cutting seedling method for improving propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud segmentation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 241000756137 Hemerocallis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101100008046 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100008047 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100008048 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cutting seedling method for improving the propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud segmentation, compared with a single-plant bud propagation method, longitudinal segmentation is carried out on main buds and side buds on shortened stems in different proportions, a substrate is used for seedling, 3 days can sprout, the survival rate reaches 78-93%, the propagation coefficient reaches 1.56-2.80, and 30 days can be transplanted as seedlings; the bud body is cut, so that the apical dominance is broken, the hidden bud germination on the shortened stem is promoted, and the late-stage propagation expansion by utilizing the cutting seedling is facilitated; the method is easy to operate and low in cost, and is beneficial to improving the improved variety expanding cultivation speed of the day lily and keeping the genetic stability of the vegetative propagation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of daylily seedling culture, in particular to a cutting seedling culture method for improving a daylily propagation coefficient based on bud segmentation.
Background
Daylily (Hemerocallis sp.), which is called as day lily, has ornamental value, originates from the south of China and temperate regions in Japan and Europe, and is planted in the south and north of China for a long time in cultivation history. The flower, root and seedling of the day lily can be used as medicines, and the flower is also a flower-eating vegetable with health care function. The daylily has delicious taste and rich nutrition, is deeply loved by consumers and has very high economic value. The day lily can be eaten fresh, but most of the day lily can be made into dry products which are sold at home and abroad. Wherein, Shanxi has more than 600 years of yellow flower planting history, which is one of the main producing areas of yellow flowers in China. At present, the planting area of the same daylily reaches 26.1 ten thousand mu, and the daylily occupies about one fourth of the planting area of the daylily in China.
The breeding mode of the great homology day lily seedlings is mainly divided into seed breeding and asexual breeding. Because the day lily is not easy to seed, the germination rate of seeds is low, the differentiation coefficient of offspring is large, the propagation coefficient is low, and the seed propagation method is limited due to the slow growth speed, long period and long childhood period. At present, the daylily is mainly produced by using a vegetative propagation method for propagation. Common methods for vegetative propagation of daylily include plant division propagation, cuttage, tissue culture and the like. The plant division breeding method is simple to operate, does not need seedling raising, but has the lowest breeding rate, not only limits the expanding planting speed of improved seeds, but also is easy to spread stem rot diseases; although the tissue culture can greatly shorten the seedling time, increase the propagation coefficient and be beneficial to maintaining the excellent properties of the variety, the tissue culture has strict requirements on environmental conditions, great operation difficulty and high cost and is difficult to popularize and apply in production; the cutting method can utilize scape and shortened stem as materials: the cutting operation of scape is simple, but the time is limited, the cutting can be carried out only when the scape is still green after the buds are harvested, the emergence rate is low, and the success rate is not high; the short stem cutting propagation method is based on cutting propagation of buds (main buds, side buds and hidden buds) on day lily buds, and can be divided into bud block propagation, slice propagation and bud division propagation. However, the technical requirement is high due to the fact that the position of the hidden bud is difficult to distinguish before germination, and due to the fact that bud blocks/pieces are large in wound surface and small in nutrient body due to segmentation, bud germination and seedling quality are affected, and roots are easy to hurt to infect diseases.
With the continuous development and expansion of the daylily industry, a seedling raising method for improving the propagation coefficient of the daylily with low cost, short time and simple operation and management is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the cutting seedling method for improving the propagation coefficient of the daylily seedlings by cutting buds, which is simple to operate, low in cost, short in time, high in seedling survival rate and rooting rate and high in propagation coefficient.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cutting seedling method for improving the propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud segmentation comprises the following steps:
preparing: selecting short and healthy day lily stems with complete buds, separating the main buds and the side buds on the same short stem by adopting a cutter along the vertical direction, ensuring that the separated main buds and the side buds have partial short stems and fleshy roots for later use, fully mixing turf, vermiculite and perlite according to the volume ratio of 2:1:1 as a matrix, and soaking the cutter in 1000 times diluted carbendazim solution for half an hour;
preparing cutting seedlings: soaking a cutter in a carbendazim solution diluted by 1000 times for half an hour, and cutting the main buds and the lateral buds obtained in the steps by using the sterilized cutter, wherein the cutting method comprises the following steps: the top end of a bud body of the main bud is taken as a center, the main bud is evenly cut into 3 equal parts along the longitudinal direction, and each part is ensured to be provided with partial shortened stems and fleshy roots; averagely cutting the lateral buds into 2 equal parts along the longitudinal direction by taking the top ends of lateral bud buds as centers, and ensuring that each part is provided with partial shortened stems and fleshy roots;
preparing a substrate: fully mixing the substrates, filling the substrates into a seedling pot, wherein the filling height is 7cm minus the length of the cutting seedlings, so as to ensure that the bud parts are positioned at 7cm positions in the seedling pot after the cutting seedlings are placed, and the specification of the seedling pot is 7cm in length, 7cm in width and 8cm in height;
cuttage: placing the cut main buds and side buds into the center of a seedling pot, ensuring that the buds of the cutting seedlings are positioned at 7cm of the seedling pot, filling the periphery of the cutting seedlings with mixed matrix, and completely watering the matrix with water;
cuttage management: watering at intervals of 2-3 days during cutting seedling raising, keeping the humidity of the matrix, keeping the water amount per seedling raising pot to be 50mL, keeping the ambient temperature to be more than 10 ℃, and heating by adopting a geothermal wire if extremely low temperature is met;
transplanting: and (4) raising seedlings by cutting for 20-30 days, directly taking out the cutting seedlings from the seedling raising pot for transplanting after the cutting seedlings grow new leaves, side buds or new roots.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with a single plant bud propagation method, the cuttage seedling raising method for improving the propagation coefficient of the daylily seedlings by utilizing bud segmentation has the advantages that longitudinal segmentation is carried out on main buds and side buds on shortened stems in different proportions, seedling raising is carried out by utilizing a matrix, germination can be carried out within 3 days, the survival rate reaches 78-93%, the propagation coefficient reaches 1.56-2.80, and seedling forming and transplanting can be carried out within 30 days; the bud body is cut, so that the apical dominance is broken, the hidden bud germination on the shortened stem is promoted, and the late-stage propagation expansion by utilizing the cutting seedling is facilitated; the method is easy to operate and low in cost, and is beneficial to improving the improved variety expanding cultivation speed of the day lily and keeping the genetic stability of the vegetative propagation.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Example 1
A cutting seedling method for improving the propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud segmentation comprises the following steps:
preparing: selecting a short and healthy day lily stem with complete bud bodies, separating main buds and side buds on the same short stem by adopting a cutter along a vertical direction, ensuring that the separated main buds and the side buds both have partial short stems and fleshy roots, selecting main buds with the diameter of more than 1cm for later use, fully mixing turf, vermiculite and perlite according to a volume ratio of 2:1:1 as a matrix, and soaking the cutter in 1000 times diluted carbendazim solution for half an hour;
preparing cutting seedlings: soaking a cutter in a carbendazim solution diluted by 1000 times for half an hour, and cutting the main buds with the diameter of more than 1cm obtained in the above steps by using the sterilized cutter, wherein the cutting method comprises the following steps: the top end of a bud body of the main bud is taken as a center, the main bud is evenly cut into 3 equal parts along the longitudinal direction, and each part is ensured to be provided with partial shortened stems and fleshy roots;
preparing a substrate: fully mixing the substrates, wherein the height of the substrates filled into the seedling raising pot is 7cm minus the length of the cutting seedlings, so as to ensure that the bud parts are positioned at 7cm positions in the seedling raising pot after the cutting seedlings are placed in the seedling raising pot, and the specification of the seedling raising pot is 7cm in length, 7cm in width and 8cm in height;
cuttage: placing the cut main buds into the right center of a seedling pot, ensuring that the buds of the cutting seedlings are positioned at 7cm of the seedling pot, filling the periphery of the cutting seedlings with mixed matrix, and completely watering the matrix with water;
cuttage management: watering at intervals of 2-3 days during cutting seedling raising, keeping the humidity of the matrix, keeping the water amount per seedling raising pot to be 50mL, keeping the ambient temperature to be more than 10 ℃, and heating by adopting a geothermal wire if extremely low temperature is met;
transplanting: and (4) raising seedlings by cutting for 20-30 days, directly taking out the cutting seedlings from the seedling raising pot for transplanting after the cutting seedlings grow new leaves, side buds or new roots.
The method test of the embodiment is carried out by using a complete and healthy day lily shortened stem with a bud diameter of more than 1cm, and the uncut complete bud (control), the cut 2 equal parts, the cut 3 equal parts and the cut 4 equal parts are compared, wherein each 5 plants are repeated, and each treatment is repeated for 3 times, and the test result is as follows:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the comparison in Table 1, the method of the invention improves the propagation coefficient of short stem seedling of day lily by adopting the technology of dividing the main bud into 3 equal parts, and the propagation coefficient reaches 2.80. As the bud segmentation breaks the apical dominance, the lateral bud germination is promoted by the bud block segmentation, wherein the lateral bud germination number is the highest by segmenting 3 equal parts, which is beneficial to the late-stage propagation by utilizing the cutting seedlings.
Example 2
A cutting seedling method for improving the propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud segmentation comprises the following steps:
preparing: selecting a short and healthy day lily stem with complete bud bodies, separating main buds and side buds on the same short stem by adopting a cutter along a vertical direction, ensuring that the separated main buds and the side buds both have partial short stems and fleshy roots, selecting main buds with the diameter of less than 1cm for later use, fully mixing turf, vermiculite and perlite according to a volume ratio of 2:1:1 as a matrix, and soaking the cutter in 1000 times diluted carbendazim solution for half an hour;
preparing cutting seedlings: soaking a cutter in a carbendazim solution diluted by 1000 times for half an hour, and cutting the main buds with the diameter of less than 1cm obtained in the previous step by using the sterilized cutter, wherein the cutting method comprises the following steps: the top end of a bud body of the main bud is taken as a center, the main bud is evenly cut into 3 equal parts along the longitudinal direction, and each part is ensured to be provided with partial shortened stems and fleshy roots;
preparing a substrate: fully mixing the substrates, wherein the height of the substrates filled into the seedling raising pot is 7cm minus the length of the cutting seedlings, so as to ensure that the bud parts are positioned at 7cm positions in the seedling raising pot after the cutting seedlings are placed in the seedling raising pot, and the specification of the seedling raising pot is 7cm in length, 7cm in width and 8cm in height;
cuttage: placing the cut main buds into the right center of a seedling pot, ensuring that the buds of the cutting seedlings are positioned at 7cm of the seedling pot, filling the periphery of the cutting seedlings with mixed matrix, and completely watering the matrix with water;
cuttage management: watering at intervals of 2-3 days during cutting seedling raising, keeping the humidity of the matrix, keeping the water amount per seedling raising pot to be 50mL, keeping the ambient temperature to be more than 10 ℃, and heating by adopting a geothermal wire if extremely low temperature is met;
transplanting: and (4) raising seedlings by cutting for 20-30 days, directly taking out the cutting seedlings from the seedling raising pot for transplanting after the cutting seedlings grow new leaves, side buds or new roots.
The test of the method of the embodiment is carried out by using complete and healthy short stems of day lily with bud diameter less than 1cm, and the uncut complete buds (control), 2 equal parts of cutting, 3 equal parts of cutting and 4 equal parts of cutting are compared, wherein each treatment is repeated for 3 times with one repetition per 5 strains, and the test results are as follows:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the comparison in Table 2, the method of the invention improves the propagation coefficient of short stem seedling of day lily by adopting the technology of dividing the main bud into 3 equal parts, and the propagation coefficient reaches 2.4. As the bud segmentation breaks the apical dominance, the lateral bud germination is promoted by the bud block segmentation, wherein the lateral bud germination number is the highest by segmenting 3 equal parts, which is beneficial to the late-stage propagation by utilizing the cutting seedlings.
Example 3
A cutting seedling method for improving the propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud segmentation comprises the following steps:
preparing: selecting short and healthy day lily stems with complete buds, separating the main buds and the side buds on the same short stem by adopting a cutter along the vertical direction, ensuring that the separated main buds and the side buds have partial short stems and fleshy roots for later use, fully mixing turf, vermiculite and perlite according to the volume ratio of 2:1:1 as a matrix, and soaking the cutter in 1000 times diluted carbendazim solution for half an hour;
preparing cutting seedlings: soaking a cutter in a carbendazim solution diluted by 1000 times for half an hour, and cutting the lateral buds obtained in the step by using the sterilized cutter, wherein the cutting method comprises the following steps: averagely cutting the lateral buds into 2 equal parts along the longitudinal direction by taking the top ends of lateral bud buds as centers, and ensuring that each part is provided with partial shortened stems and fleshy roots;
preparing a substrate: fully mixing the substrates, wherein the height of the substrates filled into the seedling raising pot is 7cm minus the length of the cutting seedlings, so as to ensure that the bud parts are positioned at 7cm positions in the seedling raising pot after the cutting seedlings are placed in the seedling raising pot, and the specification of the seedling raising pot is 7cm in length, 7cm in width and 8cm in height;
cuttage: placing the cut lateral buds into the center of a seedling pot, ensuring that the buds of the cutting seedlings are positioned at 7cm of the seedling pot, filling the periphery of the cutting seedlings with mixed matrix, and completely watering the matrix with water;
cuttage management: watering at intervals of 2-3 days during cutting seedling raising, keeping the humidity of the matrix, keeping the water amount per seedling raising pot to be 50mL, keeping the ambient temperature to be more than 10 ℃, and heating by adopting a geothermal wire if extremely low temperature is met;
transplanting: and (4) raising seedlings by cutting for 20-30 days, directly taking out the cutting seedlings from the seedling raising pot for transplanting after the cutting seedlings grow new leaves, side buds or new roots.
The method test of this example was performed using side buds from a whole and healthy shortened stem of daylily, and comparing intact sprouts (control) that were not split, split 2 equal parts, one for each 5 plants, and 3 repetitions of each treatment, and the test results were as follows:
TABLE 3
As can be seen from the comparison in Table 3, the method of the invention improves the propagation coefficient of the short stem seedling of day lily by adopting the technology of dividing the lateral buds into 2 equal parts, and the propagation coefficient reaches 1.56. Because the bud segmentation breaks the top advantages, the bud block segmentation promotes the lateral bud germination, and is beneficial to the later-stage propagation by utilizing the cutting seedlings.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (3)
1. A cutting seedling method for improving the propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud segmentation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing: selecting short and healthy day lily stems with complete buds, separating the main buds and the side buds on the same short stem by adopting a cutter along the vertical direction, ensuring that the separated main buds and the separated side buds have partial short stems and fleshy roots for later use, and fully mixing turf, vermiculite and perlite according to the volume ratio of 2:1:1 to serve as a matrix;
preparing cutting seedlings: soaking a cutter in a carbendazim solution diluted by 1000 times for half an hour, and cutting the main buds and the lateral buds obtained in the steps by using the sterilized cutter, wherein the cutting method comprises the following steps: the top end of a bud body of the main bud is taken as a center, the main bud is evenly cut into 3 equal parts along the longitudinal direction, and each part is ensured to be provided with partial shortened stems and fleshy roots; averagely cutting the lateral buds into 2 equal parts along the longitudinal direction by taking the top ends of lateral bud buds as centers, and ensuring that each part is provided with partial shortened stems and fleshy roots;
preparing a substrate: fully mixing the substrates, filling the substrates into a seedling pot, wherein the filling height is 7cm minus the length of the cutting seedling so as to ensure that the bud part is positioned at 7cm of the seedling pot after the cutting seedling is placed;
cuttage: placing the cut main buds and side buds into the center of a seedling pot, ensuring that the buds of the cutting seedlings are positioned at 7cm of the seedling pot, filling the periphery of the cutting seedlings with mixed matrix, and completely watering the matrix with water;
cuttage management: watering at intervals of 2-3 days during cutting seedling raising, keeping the humidity of the matrix, keeping the water amount per seedling raising pot to be 50mL, keeping the ambient temperature to be more than 10 ℃, and heating by adopting a geothermal wire if extremely low temperature is met;
transplanting: and (4) raising seedlings by cutting for 20-30 days, directly taking out the cutting seedlings from the seedling raising pot for transplanting after the cutting seedlings grow new leaves, side buds or new roots.
2. The cutting seedling method for improving the propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud dissection as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the preparation step, the cutter is soaked in carbendazim solution diluted 1000 times for half an hour.
3. The cutting seedling method for improving the propagation coefficient of day lily based on bud segmentation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling pot is 7cm long, 7cm wide and 8cm high.
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| CN115039646A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-09-13 | 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所（宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室） | Rapid breeding method of day lily seedlings |
| CN115812535A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-03-21 | 付强 | Seedling culture method for rapid propagation of day lily |
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