CN113692935B - Method for improving variety of cut flower of Australian wintersweet into variety of potted flower - Google Patents
Method for improving variety of cut flower of Australian wintersweet into variety of potted flower Download PDFInfo
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- CN113692935B CN113692935B CN202111129110.4A CN202111129110A CN113692935B CN 113692935 B CN113692935 B CN 113692935B CN 202111129110 A CN202111129110 A CN 202111129110A CN 113692935 B CN113692935 B CN 113692935B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/002—Culture media for tissue culture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
Abstract
A method for improving cut flower varieties of Australia wintersweet into pot flower varieties comprises the steps of planting small seedlings of the cut flower varieties of the Australia wintersweet in a greenhouse for first improvement, and applying medicines and fertilizers to improve the quality; then selecting the tender tips with the best quality to perform aseptic tissue culture for the second improvement; planting the tissue culture rooted seedlings cultured by the sterile tissue into a greenhouse, and selecting tender tips of plants with the height of 40-50 cm for cuttage; performing third improvement through tender tip cuttage to obtain rooting seedlings of potted flower varieties; and planting the rooted plantlets in flowerpots, and performing pruning and plant growth hormone treatment to obtain the potted flower of the Australia wintersweet with better crown. The improved small pot flower variety of the Australian wintersweet has the advantages of high survival rate of the small seedlings, high growth speed, attractive plant shape, uniform flower heads, long flowering phase and lasting flower fragrance, and can be placed all the year round.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flower cultivation methods, in particular to a method for improving a cut flower variety of Australian wintersweet into a potted flower variety.
Background
Australian wintersweet is also called Jielaerdun wax flower (scientific name: Chamelaucium uncinatum),myrtaceae familyThe flower shape of the plant is in a beautiful plum blossom shape, and the wax of the petal is glossy. No matter how close to the sight or far away, the people who do not know her think that the young pine blooms beautiful flowers, like lovely plum blossoming on the evergreen pine branches. The ornamental effect is rich in visual gradation, and the contrast color is large and bright, so that the ornamental effect can be achieved by observing leaves and flowers. Originally, the flower grows only in western Australia, becomes the most important local wild woody flower variety in Australia, and is the dominant export commodity flower in Australia. Is now widespreadIn addition to native Queenslang, Western Australia and other southern Australia, flood planting is also the main source of Israel, Mexico and southern United states.
The Australian wintersweet cut flower is popular in the market in recent years, particularly in spring festival, but the supply is not sufficient, but the cut flower can not be inserted for a long time all the time and the fragrance can not be kept for a long time. The plant shape which is not improved is bigger and the shape is not beautiful, and the plant is not suitable for indoor placement. Therefore, the cultivation of the small pot flowers of the Australia wintersweet which can be placed all the year round becomes the market demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a method for improving the variety of the cut flower of the Australian wintersweet into a small pot flower of the Australian wintersweet, which has good fluffy shape, regular flower heads and beautiful plant shape and can be placed all the year round.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for improving the variety of the cut flower of the Australian wintersweet into the variety of the potted flower comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of planting small seedlings of the cut flower variety of the Australian wintersweet in a greenhouse for first improvement, and applying medicines and fertilizers to improve the quality, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. in spring every year, selecting healthy and disease-free cut flower variety Chimonanthus praecox plantlets, planting the plantlets in a greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity to be 40-45%;
b. planting for 15-20 days, and applying a high nitrogen fertilizer with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/ml once every 10-15 days after the seedlings begin to sprout;
c. after the seedlings grow to 30 +/-2 cm, applying a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 200-350 mg/ml once every 15-20 days;
d. in the planting process of each step, if the seedlings are yellow, increasing Aodon in the concentration of 800-1000 mg/ml during fertilization;
e. planting the wintersweet plants until the wintersweet plants are healthy, the leaves are full, and the height is 80-90 cm;
(2) the tender tips were modified a second time by sterile tissue culture as follows:
a. selecting the best tender tips from the Australian wintersweet plants reaching the high-quality state for aseptic tissue culture, wherein the culture method comprises the steps of cleaning the high-quality tender tips with water, then carrying out disinfection treatment, removing the skin wrapped on the surfaces of the tender tips, taking out seed embryos, inoculating the seed embryos in a semi-fixed culture medium with the pH value of 5.8-6.2, and carrying out illumination culture for 28-30 days to obtain aseptic seedlings;
b. cutting the part above the epicotyl of the sterile seedling, inoculating the cut part in an adventitious bud induction culture medium with the pH value of 5.8-6.2, and culturing for 35-50 days to ensure that the explant part grows adventitious buds;
c. dividing the adventitious buds into 2-3 buds as a cluster, transferring the buds into a multiplication culture medium with the pH value of 5.8-6.2 for continuous propagation culture to generate cluster buds;
d. cutting off buds with the height of 2-3 cm in the cluster buds, inoculating the buds into a rooting culture medium for rooting culture, starting rooting after 15-20 days of culture, and culturing for 30-40 days to obtain tissue culture rooted seedlings;
(3) the tissue culture rooted seedlings are planted in the greenhouse again, tender tips of the plants with the height of 40-50 cm are selected for cuttage, and the method comprises the following steps:
a. transplanting the tissue culture rooted seedlings into a greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 25-30 ℃ and the humidity to be 40-50%;
b. after the seedlings grow new buds after 15-20 days of planting, applying a high-phosphorus fertilizer with the concentration of 800-1000 mg/ml once; after half a month, applying a high-nitrogen fertilizer with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/ml once every 10-15 days;
c. after the seedlings grow to 20-30 cm, spraying paclobutrazol with the concentration of 125mg/ml on leaf surfaces, and using the paclobutrazol for 2-3 times every 7-10 days; applying a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 300-500mg/ml once every 15-20 days;
d. planting the macadimia wintersweet plants to be healthy, enabling the leaves to be plump, selecting the macadimia wintersweet plants with the height of 40-50 cm, and adopting tender tips with the highest quality;
(4) and carrying out third improvement by tender tip cutting, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. cutting the tender tips with the best quality, wherein the height of the tender tips is 5 +/-2 cm, disinfecting the collected tender tips, and soaking the roots of the tender tips in rooting medicinal water for 10-15 s;
b. inserting the soaked tender tips into a plug tray filled with sterile soil, culturing until the root system grows to 50%, spraying cytokinin on the surfaces of the young seedling leaves for 1-2 times, wherein the interval time of the two times is 10-15 days, and culturing for 20-30 days to obtain rooted young seedlings of potted flower varieties;
(5) planting the rooted plantlets in flowerpots, and obtaining the potted Australia wintersweet flowers with good crowns by trimming and applying plant growth hormone, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. planting the rooted plantlets in flowerpots, moving the flowerpots into a greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 20-25 ℃;
b. spraying plant growth hormone on the small seedling leaf surfaces 3-5 days after planting, and continuously using for 2-3 times every 7-8 days; spraying cytokinin to the surfaces of the seedlings for 1 time after half a month of planting;
c. then, a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/ml is applied in the early stage of planting, and a high-phosphate fertilizer and a high-potash fertilizer with the concentration of 300-500mg/ml are alternately applied in the later stage;
d. pruning at least twice in the planting process, and replying cytokinin to the leaf surface after each pruning, namely culturing to obtain the potted flower of the Australian wintersweet with the growth height not more than 30cm and the crown width more than 25 cm.
The high-nitrogen fertilizer and the balanced fertilizer are high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer and balanced water-soluble fertilizer produced by Yuntanhua group; the high-phosphorus fertilizer and the high-potassium fertilizer are high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer produced by Yuntian chemical group.
The semi-fixed culture medium in the step (2) is MS +38g/L sucrose + 6.5-7.5 g/L agar or carrageenan; the adventitious bud induction culture medium is MS + BA0.5mg/L + NAA0.1mg/L + GA30.4mg/L agar or carrageenan; the value-added culture medium is a semi-fixed culture medium of MS + BA0.1mg/L + NAA0.5mg/L + GA30.8mg/L agar or carrageenan; the rooting culture medium is 1/2MS, NAA0.2mg/L, IBA0.5mg/L and ppp3330.3mg/L agar or carrageenan semi-fixed culture medium.
The disinfection treatment method in the step (2) and the step (4) is characterized in that the tender tips are moved to a super clean workbench, disinfected by medical alcohol with the mass fraction of 75% for 20-25 s, then continuously washed by sterile water for at least 5 times, disinfected by mercury bichloride with the mass fraction of 0.1% for 5-8 minutes, washed by sterile water for at least 5 times, and finally absorbed by sterile filter paper to remove the excess water on the surfaces of the tender tip blades.
The cytokinin in the step (4) and the step (5) is brassin; the plant growth hormone in the step (5) is indolebutyric acid.
The illumination culture conditions in the step (2) are that the culture temperature is 22 +/-1 ℃, the humidity is 35-40%, the illumination intensity is 3500lux, and the illumination time is 14 hours per day.
And (5) filling sterile soil, coconut coir and vermiculite into the flowerpot for planting the rooted plantlets.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the method successfully improves the cut flower variety of the Australian wintersweet into the potted flower variety by breeding and improving the cut flower variety of the Australian wintersweet three times for three times, so that the Australian wintersweet can be placed for a long time, the flower fragrance is lasting, the flowering phase is more than half a year, flowers wither in spring and flowers bloom in winter, and the method is circulated infinitely.
2. According to the method, by scientifically controlling the medicines and the fertilizers, scientifically combining sterile tissue culture, sterile cuttage and the like, and strictly controlling the technical parameters of each link, the small pot flower of the Australian wintersweet, which is good in fluffy shape, uniform in flower head and capable of being placed all year round, is obtained.
3. The height of the cultivated potted flower seedlings in the flowerpot is not more than 30cm, the crown width can reach more than 25cm, the flower heads are full of flowers when the potted flower seedlings are full of flowers, the potted flower seedlings are very attractive, and the potted flower seedlings can also give off faint fragrance when being placed indoors and have the effect of repelling mosquitoes.
4. The method has the advantages of high seedling breeding survival rate and high growth speed, and solves the problems of single plant shape and less branching.
Detailed Description
The method for improving the variety of the cut flower of the Australian wintersweet into the variety of the potted flower comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of planting cut Australian wintersweet seedlings in a greenhouse for first improvement, and applying medicines and fertilizers to improve the quality, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. in spring every year, selecting healthy and disease-free cut flower variety Chimonanthus praecox seedlings, planting the seedlings in a greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity to be 40-45%;
b. planting for 15-20 days, and applying a high nitrogen fertilizer with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/ml once every 10-15 days after the seedlings begin to sprout;
c. after the seedlings grow to 30 +/-2 cm, applying a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 200-350 mg/ml once every 15-20 days;
d. in the planting process of each step, if the seedlings are yellow, adding Aolo iron with the concentration of 800-1000 mg/ml during fertilization;
e. and planting until the Australia wintersweet plants are healthy, have full leaves and are in a high-quality state with the height of 80-90 cm.
(2) The tender tips were modified a second time by sterile tissue culture as follows:
a. and (2) selecting the best tender tips from the Australian wintersweet plants reaching the high-quality state for aseptic tissue culture, wherein the culture method comprises the steps of cleaning the high-quality tender tips with water, then carrying out disinfection treatment, removing the epidermis wrapped on the surfaces of the tender tips, taking out the seed embryos, inoculating the seed embryos in a semi-fixed culture medium with the pH value of 5.8-6.2, and carrying out illumination culture for 28-30 days to obtain aseptic seedlings. The illumination culture conditions are that the culture temperature is 22 +/-1 ℃, the humidity is 35-40%, the illumination intensity is 3500lux, and the illumination time is 14 hours per day. The method for disinfection treatment comprises the steps of moving tender tips to an ultra-clean workbench, disinfecting with medical alcohol with the mass fraction of 75% for 20-25 s, then continuously washing with sterile water for at least 5 times, disinfecting with mercury bichloride with the mass fraction of 0.1% for 5-8 minutes, washing with sterile water for at least 5 times, and then absorbing excess water on the surfaces of the tender tips by sterile filter paper;
b. cutting the part above the epicotyl of the sterile seedling, inoculating the cut part in an adventitious bud induction culture medium with the pH value of 5.8-6.2, and culturing for 35-50 days to ensure that the explant part grows adventitious buds;
c. dividing the adventitious bud into 2-3 buds as a cluster, transferring the buds into a multiplication culture medium with the pH value of 5.8-6.2 for continuous propagation culture to generate cluster buds;
d. cutting off buds with the height of 2-3 cm in the cluster buds, inoculating the buds into a rooting culture medium for rooting culture, beginning rooting after 15-20 days of culture, and culturing for 30-40 days to obtain tissue culture rooted seedlings;
the semi-fixed culture medium is MS +38g/L of sucrose + 6.5-7.5 g/L of agar or carrageenan; the adventitious bud induction culture medium is MS + BA0.5mg/L + NAA0.1mg/L + GA30.4mg/L agar or carrageenan; the value-added culture medium is a semi-fixed culture medium of MS + BA0.1mg/L + NAA0.5mg/L + GA30.8mg/L agar or carrageenan; the rooting culture medium is 1/2MS + NAA0.2mg/L + IBA0.5mg/L + ppp3330.3mg/L agar or carrageenan semi-fixed culture medium.
(3) The tissue culture rooted seedlings are planted in the greenhouse again, tender tips of the plants with the height of 40-50 cm are selected for cuttage, and the method comprises the following steps:
a. transplanting the tissue culture rooted seedlings into a greenhouse, controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 25-30 ℃ and the humidity to be 40% -50%;
b. after the seedlings grow new buds after 15-20 days of planting, applying a high-phosphorus fertilizer with the concentration of 800-1000 mg/ml once; after half a month, applying a high-nitrogen fertilizer with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/ml once every 10-15 days;
c. after the seedlings grow to 20-30 cm, spraying paclobutrazol with the concentration of 125mg/ml on leaf surfaces, and using the paclobutrazol for 2-3 times every 7-10 days; applying a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 300-500mg/ml once every 15-20 days;
d. planting the Australia wintersweet plants to be healthy and full in leaves, selecting the Australia wintersweet plants with the height of 40-50 cm, and adopting the tender tips with the best quality;
(4) and (3) carrying out third improvement through tender tip cuttage, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. and (3) cutting the tender tips with the optimal quality, wherein the height of the tender tips is 5 +/-2 cm, disinfecting the tender tips, and soaking the roots of the tender tips in rooting medicinal water for 10-15 s. The sterilization treatment method comprises the steps of moving the tender tips to an ultraclean workbench, sterilizing the tender tips for 20-25 s by using medical alcohol with the mass fraction of 75%, continuously cleaning the tender tips for at least 5 times by using sterile water, sterilizing the tender tips for 5-8 minutes by using mercuric chloride with the mass fraction of 0.1%, cleaning the tender tips for at least 5 times by using sterile water, and absorbing excess water on the surfaces of the tender tips by using sterile filter paper;
b. and inserting the soaked tender tips into a plug tray filled with sterile soil, culturing until the root system grows to 50%, spraying cytokinin on the surfaces of the seedlings, spraying for 1-2 times, if spraying for 2 times, spacing the two sides for 10-15 days, and culturing for 20-30 days to obtain the rooted seedlings of potted flower varieties. The cytokinin adopts brassin and can be obtained from the market;
(5) planting the rooted plantlets in flowerpots filled with sterile soil, coconut chaff and vermiculite, and obtaining potted flowers of Australia wintersweet with good crowns by trimming and applying plant growth hormone, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
a. planting the rooted plantlets in flowerpots, moving the flowerpots into a greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 20-25 ℃;
b. spraying plant growth hormone on the small seedling leaf surfaces 3-5 days after planting, and continuously using for 2-3 times every 7-8 days; and spraying cytokinin to the leaf surfaces of the seedlings for 1 time after half a month of planting. The plant growth hormone adopts indolebutyric acid, and the cytokinin adopts brassin, which are all available in the market;
c. then, a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/ml is applied in the early stage of planting, and a high-phosphate fertilizer and a high-potash fertilizer with the concentration of 300-500mg/ml are alternately applied in the later stage;
d. pruning at least twice in the planting process, and replying cytokinin to the leaf surface after each pruning, namely culturing to obtain the potted flower of the Australian wintersweet with the growth height not more than 30cm and the crown width more than 25 cm.
The high nitrogen fertilizer and the balance fertilizer are high nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer and balance water-soluble fertilizer produced by yunnan chemical groups; the high-phosphorus fertilizer and the high-potassium fertilizer are high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer produced by Yuntian chemical group. Through years of deep research and repeated tests of the inventor, a three-step improvement method of the cut flower variety of the Australian wintersweet is determined, specific operation methods and optimal technical indexes of all the steps are determined, the stability and controllability of the whole improvement breeding process are realized, small potted Australian wintersweet flowers which are good in fluffy shape, uniform in flower heads and capable of being placed all year round can be stably produced, the pot flower is attractive, has a light and fragrant indoor effect and has the effect of repelling mosquitoes, is increasingly favored by consumers, and has a good market prospect.
Claims (5)
1. The method for improving the variety of the cut flower of the Australia wintersweet into the variety of the potted flower is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of planting small seedlings of the Australian wintersweet cut flower variety in a greenhouse for first improvement:
a. in spring every year, selecting healthy and disease-free cut flower variety Chimonanthus praecox plantlets, planting the plantlets in a greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity to be 40-45%;
b. planting for 15-20 days, and applying a high nitrogen fertilizer with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/ml once every 10-15 days after the seedlings begin to sprout;
c. after the seedlings grow to 30 +/-2 cm, applying a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 200-350 mg/ml once every 15-20 days;
d. in the planting process of each step, if the seedlings are yellow, applying chelated iron with the concentration of 800-1000 mg/ml during fertilization;
e. planting the wintersweet plants until the wintersweet plants are healthy, the leaves are full, and the height is 80-90 cm;
(2) the tender tips were modified a second time by sterile tissue culture as follows:
a. selecting the best tender tips from the Australia wintersweet plants which reach the high-quality state for aseptic tissue culture, wherein the culture method comprises the steps of cleaning the best tender tips with water, then carrying out disinfection treatment, removing the epidermis wrapped on the surfaces of the tender tips, taking out seed embryos, inoculating the seed embryos in a semi-fixed culture medium with the pH value of 5.8-6.2, and carrying out illumination culture for 28-30 days to obtain aseptic seedlings;
b. cutting the part above the epicotyl of the sterile seedling, inoculating the cut part in an adventitious bud induction culture medium with the pH value of 5.8-6.2, and culturing for 35-50 days to ensure that the explant part grows adventitious buds;
c. dividing the adventitious bud into 2-3 buds as a cluster, transferring the buds into a multiplication culture medium with the pH value of 5.8-6.2 for continuous propagation culture to generate cluster buds;
d. cutting off buds with the height of 2-3 cm in the cluster buds, inoculating the buds into a rooting culture medium for rooting culture, starting rooting after 15-20 days of culture, and culturing for 30-40 days to obtain tissue culture rooted seedlings;
(3) the tissue culture rooted seedlings are planted in the greenhouse again, tender tips of plants with the height of 40-50 cm are selected for cuttage, and the method comprises the following steps:
a. transplanting the tissue culture rooted seedlings into a greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 25-30 ℃ and the humidity to be 40% -50%;
b. after the seedlings grow new buds after 15-20 days of planting, applying a high-phosphorus fertilizer with the concentration of 800-1000 mg/ml once; after half a month, applying a high-nitrogen fertilizer with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/ml once every 10-15 days;
c. after the seedlings grow to 20-30 cm, spraying paclobutrazol with the concentration of 125mg/ml on leaf surfaces, using for 2-3 times, and using once every 7-10 days; applying a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 300-500mg/ml once every 15-20 days;
d. planting the Australia wintersweet plants to be healthy and full in leaves, selecting the Australia wintersweet plants with the height of 40-50 cm, and adopting the tender tips with the best quality;
(4) and (3) carrying out third improvement through tender tip cuttage, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. cutting the tender tips with the best quality, wherein the height of the tender tips is 5 +/-2 cm, disinfecting the collected tender tips, and soaking the roots of the tender tips in rooting medicinal water for 10-15 s;
b. inserting the soaked tender tips into a plug tray filled with sterile soil, culturing until the root system grows to 50%, spraying brassin on the surfaces of the small seedlings, spraying for 1 time or 2 times, wherein the interval time between two spraying times is 10-15 days when the spraying times is 2 times, and culturing for 20-30 days to obtain rooted small seedlings of potted flower varieties;
(5) planting the rooted plantlets in flowerpots, and obtaining the potted flower of the Australia wintersweet with good crown width by pruning and applying indolebutyric acid, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. planting the rooted plantlets in flowerpots, moving the flowerpots into a greenhouse, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse to be 20-25 ℃;
b. spraying indolebutyric acid on the small seedling leaf surfaces 3-5 days after planting, and continuously using for 2-3 times every 7-8 days; spraying brassin on the leaf surfaces of the seedlings for 1 time after half a month of planting;
c. then, a balance fertilizer with the concentration of 500-1000 mg/ml is applied in the early stage of planting, and a high phosphate fertilizer and a high potassium fertilizer with the concentration of 300-500mg/ml are alternately applied in the later stage;
d. pruning at least twice in the planting process, and replying brassin to the leaf surface after each pruning, namely culturing to obtain the calyx canthus flowers with the growth height not more than 30cm and the crown width more than 25 cm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the high nitrogen fertilizer and the balanced fertilizer are high nitrogen water soluble fertilizer and balanced water soluble fertilizer produced by yunnan chemical group; the high-phosphorus fertilizer and the high-potassium fertilizer are high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer and high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer produced by Yuntanhua group.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the disinfection treatment method in the steps (2) and (4) comprises moving the tender tips to a clean bench, disinfecting with 75% by mass of medical alcohol for 20-25 s, washing with sterile water for at least 5 times, disinfecting with 0.1% by mass of mercuric chloride for 5-8 minutes, washing with sterile water for at least 5 times, and removing excess water on the surfaces of the tender tips by sterile filter paper.
4. The method for improving the variety of the cut flowers of the Australian wintersweet into the variety of the potted flowers according to claim 1, wherein the illumination culture conditions in the step (2) are that the culture temperature is 22 +/-1 ℃, the humidity is 35% -40%, the illumination intensity is 3500lux, and the illumination time is 14 hours per day.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (5), the pots in which rooted shoots are planted are filled with sterile soil, coconut coir and vermiculite.
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