CN113387745A - Special compound fertilizer for garlic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special compound fertilizer for garlic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113387745A CN113387745A CN202110627239.1A CN202110627239A CN113387745A CN 113387745 A CN113387745 A CN 113387745A CN 202110627239 A CN202110627239 A CN 202110627239A CN 113387745 A CN113387745 A CN 113387745A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 244000245420 ail Species 0.000 title 1
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000343 potassium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JTNCEQNHURODLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanimidamide Chemical compound NC(=N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JTNCEQNHURODLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010016626 Dipeptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002718 pyrimidine nucleoside Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009818 secondary granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010064851 Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010020346 Polyglutamic Acid Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003910 polypeptide antibiotic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 244000016633 Nothoscordum inodorum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001314 Nothoscordum inodorum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004062 cytokinin Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytokinin Natural products C1=NC=2C(NCC=C(CO)C)=NC=NC=2N1C1CC(O)C(CO)O1 UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a compound fertilizer special for garlic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fertilizer comprises 320-330 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, 90-103 parts of urea, 5-8 parts of potassium fulvate, 350-380 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 230-240 parts of potassium chloride, 80-90 parts of gas ammonia, 0.005-0.008 part of intelligent agent and 0.005-0.008 part of polyamine peptide. The fertilizer is set according to the growth, development and cultivation characteristics of garlic, irrigation habits and required nutrient elements, and the fertilizer contains three major elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, contains secondary elements such as intelligent agent, polyamine peptide and the like, contains organic matters of potassium fulvate, can meet the absorption of garlic on various nutrients, improves the yield and the stress resistance of garlic, and increases the yield by 20 percent compared with the conventional compound fertilizer; but also can promote the absorption of garlic to nutrients, improve the utilization rate of effective components in the fertilizer and further reduce the using amount of chemical fertilizer; finally, the fertilizer can also improve the quality of crops, is green and environment-friendly, promotes the expansion of garlic bulbs, obviously improves the appearance of the garlic, and ensures that the diameter of the garlic bulbs is more than 6 cm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers; in particular to a compound fertilizer special for garlic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The traditional garlic planting and fertilizing method is that decomposed farmyard manure or commercial organic fertilizer is applied to each mu before planting, and then common commercial fertilizer is applied. After the common commercial fertilizer is applied to the cultivated land, a part of the common commercial fertilizer is transpired, dissipated and lost along with water, a part of the common commercial fertilizer is fixed and utilized by soil and soil microorganisms, and only a part of the common commercial fertilizer is absorbed and utilized by crops. The research shows that: the utilization rate of urea and ammonium carbonate is 20-46%, the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer (diammonium, monoammonium and heavy calcium) is 10-25% and the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer is 45-60%. It follows that the utilization of ordinary fertilizers is very low.
The garlic generally takes bulbs as propagation materials, the growth process of the garlic can be divided into 6 periods, namely a germination period, a seedling period, a bulb bud and flower bud differentiation period, a flower stem elongation period, a bulb expansion period and a dormancy period, the per mu yield is generally 0.5-1 ton, and the per mu yield can reach more than 1.5 ton. Garlic is a high-yield crop, and has more nutrients absorbed in the whole growth period and large fertilizer demand. According to the research, the garlic crop belongs to a fertile crop, every 1000 kg of fresh garlic is produced, 4.5-5 kg of nitrogen, 1.1-1.3 kg of phosphorus and 4.1-4.7 kg of potassium are needed, and other trace elements are needed, and according to the wood barrel short plate theory, if other nutrients are lacked, the garlic cannot grow normally, the plant is thin and small, the pollination rate is low, and the yield is seriously influenced.
The common fertilizer for garlic is that simple substance nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are artificially prepared and applied according to the required amount; has the defects of low fertilizer efficiency utilization rate, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a compound fertilizer special for garlic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the compound fertilizer special for the garlic is produced according to a combined formula of the characteristics of the garlic and the study on fertilizer preference characteristics, and can be used for base fertilizer and additional fertilizer.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the special compound fertilizer for garlic comprises the following components in parts by weight: the fertilizer comprises 320-330 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, 90-103 parts of urea, 5-8 parts of potassium fulvate, 350-380 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 230-240 parts of potassium chloride, 80-90 parts of gas ammonia, 0.005-0.008 part of intelligent agent and 0.005-0.008 part of polyamine peptide.
In the preferred scheme, the fertilizer comprises 330 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, 100 parts of urea, 5 parts of potassium fulvate, 378 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 230 parts of potassium chloride, 83 parts of gaseous ammonia, 0.0079 parts of intelligent agent and 0.007 part of polyamine peptide.
Further, the concentrated sulfuric acid is sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98%; the potassium chloride is crystalline.
Furthermore, the potassium content in the potassium fulvate is more than 11.5%, and the fulvic acid content and the organic matter content are both more than 50%.
Furthermore, the total NPK in the polyamino peptide is more than 16%, the organic matter is more than 20%, and the crude plant protein is more than 60%; the active amino acid content is more than 8%, and the polyglutamic acid content is more than 2.5%.
Furthermore, the intelligent agent is a plant endophyte extract, and active ingredients of the intelligent agent comprise cyclic dipeptides, pyrimidine nucleosides, amino acids and saccharides; wherein C, H, O, N, P, S element accounts for more than 94% of the total extract, Na, K, Cl and Mg account for more than 5%, and the rest is microelement.
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the special compound fertilizer for garlic, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing raw materials according to a ratio, adding concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium chloride into a conversion tank, introducing steam, heating to 110-120 ℃, and fully reacting under the stirring action to generate a potassium bisulfate solution;
2) adding monoammonium phosphate and water into an ammonium phosphate dissolving tank, heating to 80-83 ℃ by using steam, and generating an ammonium phosphate solution under the action of stirring;
3) mixing the ammonium phosphate solution and the potassium hydrogen sulfate solution to form mixed acid, adding ammonia gas into the mixed acid to perform ammonia-acid reaction to generate slurry, allowing the slurry to enter a neutralization post, and adding urea, potassium fulvate, intelligent smart and polyamine peptides into a neutralization urea dissolving tank; and coating and granulating the mixed materials, drying, cooling, screening, cooling again, and then coating to obtain the special compound fertilizer for garlic.
Further, the specific gravity of the ammonium phosphate solution in the step 2) is 1.3.
Further, after the gaseous ammonia is added in the step 3) for reaction, adding urea and uniformly mixing, and then adding other raw materials.
Further, the moisture content before the sieving in the step 3) is controlled to be within 0.8%, fine powder of 2 mm or less and large particles of 4 mm or more are sieved out, and the fine powder and the large particles are returned to the granulator for secondary granulation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the formula of the compound fertilizer is set according to the growth, development and cultivation characteristics of garlic, irrigation habits and required nutrient elements, the formula contains three major elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, contains secondary elements such as intelligent smart and polyamine peptides and contains potassium fulvate organic matters, the absorption amount of the garlic on various nutrients can be met, the yield and the stress resistance of the garlic are improved, and the compound fertilizer is increased by 20% compared with the conventional compound fertilizer; but also can promote the absorption of garlic to nutrients, improve the utilization rate of effective components in the fertilizer and further reduce the using amount of chemical fertilizer; finally, the fertilizer can also improve the quality of crops, is green and environment-friendly, promotes the expansion of garlic bulbs, obviously improves the appearance of the garlic, and ensures that the diameter of the garlic bulbs is more than 6 cm.
If the compound fertilizer is prepared by direct potassium sulfate, the following problems exist, namely, the problem of a guniting process is solved, the reaction temperature is at most 120 ℃, the temperature required for generating the potassium sulfate is more than 500 ℃, and the guniting process cannot meet the conditions; and the cost of potassium sulfate used alone is higher and the reaction effect is poorer. When the concentrated sulfuric acid and the potassium chloride are adopted to produce the potassium bisulfate, the potassium chloride is selected to be crystal rather than powder, otherwise the potassium chloride is easy to float in the concentrated sulfuric acid and can not fully react with the concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride gas generated in the reaction process of the concentrated sulfuric acid and the potassium chloride can be absorbed by desalted water, hydrochloric acid solution with a certain concentration can be obtained as a byproduct, and through the reaction, chlorine root components in the fertilizer can be effectively removed, and the method is more suitable for being used for garlic fertilizers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing comparative examples of garlic produced in comparative example 3 and example 3.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The following examples
The content of potassium fulvate is more than or equal to 50 percent and the content of nitrogen and potassium oxide is more than or equal to 12 percent based on dry organic matters. In the following examples, strengthening is preferred.
The polyamino peptide product contains five major classes of more than ten natural plant endogenous hormones, such as auxin, cytokinin, betaine, gibberellin, antioxidant, antibacterial peptide and the like, and physiological active substances, such as multiple micromolecular plant stress-resistant inducers, antibacterial peptide and the like. Preferably a product provided by Wuhan Borun science and technology, Inc.
The intelligent agent is plant endophyte extract, and the active ingredients of the intelligent agent comprise cyclic dipeptides, pyrimidine nucleosides, amino acids and saccharides; wherein C, H, O, N, P, S element accounts for more than 94% of the total extract, Na, K, Cl and Mg account for more than 5%, and the rest is microelement. Preferably a product produced by Shandong Bob Biotech limited.
Example 1:
a compound fertilizer special for garlic comprises 330Kg of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98%, 100Kg of urea, 5Kg of potassium fulvate, 378Kg of monoammonium phosphate, 230Kg of crystalline potassium chloride, 83Kg of gaseous ammonia, 0.0079Kg of intelligent agent and 0.007Kg of polyamine peptide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing raw materials according to a ratio, adding concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium chloride into a conversion tank, introducing steam, heating to 110-120 ℃, and fully reacting under the stirring action to generate a potassium bisulfate solution;
2) adding monoammonium phosphate and water into an ammonium phosphate dissolving tank, heating to 80-83 ℃ by using steam, and generating an ammonium phosphate solution under the action of stirring; the specific gravity of the ammonium phosphate solution is 1.3;
3) mixing the ammonium phosphate solution and the potassium hydrogen sulfate solution to form mixed acid, adding ammonia gas into the mixed acid to perform ammonia-acid reaction to generate slurry, allowing the slurry to enter a neutralization post, and adding urea, potassium fulvate, intelligent smart and polyamine peptides into a neutralization urea dissolving tank; and coating and granulating the mixed materials, controlling the drying moisture within 0.8%, cooling, screening, cooling again, and then coating to obtain the special compound fertilizer for garlic. And (4) screening fine powder below 2 mm and large powder above 4 mm, and returning to the granulator for secondary granulation.
Example 2:
a compound fertilizer special for garlic comprises 330Kg of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98%, 95Kg of urea, 5Kg of potassium fulvate, 350Kg of monoammonium phosphate, 240Kg of crystalline potassium chloride, 80Kg of gaseous ammonia, 0.005Kg of intelligent agent and 0.005Kg of polyamine peptide.
The preparation process is the same as in example 1.
Example 3: a compound fertilizer special for garlic comprises 330Kg of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98%, 100Kg of urea, 5Kg of potassium fulvate, 378Kg of monoammonium phosphate, 230Kg of potassium chloride, 83Kg of ammonia gas, 0.0079Kg of intelligent agent and 0.007Kg of polyamine peptide.
The preparation process is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1: a compound fertilizer special for garlic comprises 330Kg of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98%, 100Kg of urea, 5Kg of potassium fulvate, 378Kg of monoammonium phosphate, 230Kg of potassium chloride, 83Kg of gaseous ammonia and 0.007Kg of polyamine peptide.
Comparative example 2: a compound fertilizer special for garlic comprises 330Kg of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98%, 100Kg of urea, 5Kg of potassium fulvate, 378Kg of monoammonium phosphate, 230Kg of potassium chloride, 83Kg of ammonia gas and 0.0079Kg of intelligent agent.
Comparative example 3: a compound fertilizer special for garlic comprises 330Kg of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98%, 100Kg of urea, 5Kg of potassium fulvate, 378Kg of monoammonium phosphate, 230Kg of potassium chloride and 83Kg of gaseous ammonia.
The invention optimizes the formula of the common garlic fertilizer, and has good product quality and high fertilizer efficiency. Tests were carried out using the fertilizers obtained in examples 1 to 3 and the fertilizers obtained in comparative examples 1 to 4. The garlic variety to be tested is white garlic No. 2, equal-area field fertilization comparison is carried out, and the fertilization application amount is 150 kilograms per mu (667 square meters). FIG. 1 is a photograph showing comparative examples of garlic produced in comparative example 3 and example 3. Comparative data of experiments after harvesting garlic are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
| Treatment of | The yield is kilogramme per mu | Maximum number of seedlings kg/mu | Diameter of garlic bulb is cm/piece |
| Example 1 | 1387 | 156 | 6.4 |
| Example 2 | 1394 | 151 | 6.3 |
| Example 3 | 1415 | 160 | 6.7 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1162 | 143 | 4.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1184 | 141 | 4.6 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1023 | 129 | 4.0 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the fertilizer special for garlic can meet the absorption of garlic on various nutrients, improve the yield and the stress resistance of garlic, promote the absorption of garlic on nutrients, and improve the utilization rate of effective components in the fertilizer, so that the fertilizer dosage is reduced, the crop quality is improved, the fertilizer is green and environment-friendly, the garlic bulbs are expanded, the appearance of the garlic is obviously improved, the diameter of the garlic bulbs is more than 6cm, and the garlic bulbs are full.
Claims (10)
1. The special compound fertilizer for garlic is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: the fertilizer comprises 320-330 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, 90-103 parts of urea, 5-8 parts of potassium fulvate, 350-380 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 230-240 parts of potassium chloride, 80-90 parts of gas ammonia, 0.005-0.008 part of intelligent agent and 0.005-0.008 part of polyamine peptide.
2. The compound fertilizer special for garlic as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fertilizer comprises 330 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, 100 parts of urea, 5 parts of potassium fulvate, 378 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 230 parts of potassium chloride, 83 parts of gas ammonia, 0.0079 parts of intelligent agent and 0.007 part of polyamine peptide.
3. The compound fertilizer special for garlic as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the concentrated sulfuric acid is sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98%; the potassium chloride is crystalline.
4. The compound fertilizer special for garlic as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the potassium fulvate, the potassium content is more than 11.5%, and the fulvic acid content and the organic matter content are both more than 50%.
5. The compound fertilizer special for garlic as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the total NPK in the polyamino peptide is more than 16%, the organic matter is more than 20%, and the crude plant protein is more than 60%; the active amino acid content is more than 8%, and the polyglutamic acid content is more than 2.5%.
6. The compound fertilizer special for garlic as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the intelligent agent is a plant endophyte extract, and active ingredients of the intelligent agent comprise cyclic dipeptides, pyrimidine nucleosides, amino acids and saccharides; wherein C, H, O, N, P, S element accounts for more than 94% of the total extract, Na, K, Cl and Mg account for more than 5%, and the rest is microelement.
7. The preparation method of the compound fertilizer special for garlic as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing raw materials according to a ratio, adding concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium chloride into a conversion tank, introducing steam, heating to 110-120 ℃, and fully reacting under the stirring action to generate a potassium bisulfate solution;
2) adding monoammonium phosphate and water into an ammonium phosphate dissolving tank, heating to 80-83 ℃ by using steam, and generating an ammonium phosphate solution under the action of stirring;
3) mixing the ammonium phosphate solution and the potassium hydrogen sulfate solution to form mixed acid, adding ammonia gas into the mixed acid to perform ammonia-acid reaction to generate slurry, allowing the slurry to enter a neutralization post, and adding urea, potassium fulvate, intelligent smart and polyamine peptides into a neutralization urea dissolving tank; and coating and granulating the mixed materials, drying, cooling, screening, cooling again, and then coating to obtain the special compound fertilizer for garlic.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the specific gravity of the ammonium phosphate solution in the step 2) is 1.3.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: adding ammonia gas in the step 3) for reaction, adding urea, uniformly mixing, and adding other raw materials.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein: and 3) controlling the moisture before screening within 0.8%, screening out fine powder below 2 mm and large particles above 4 mm, and returning to the granulator for secondary granulation.
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| CN1078226A (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1993-11-10 | 山东省临沂市化工总厂 | The production method of potassium sulphate type ternary composite fertilizer |
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| CN104761411A (en) * | 2015-03-21 | 2015-07-08 | 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 | Garlic fertilizer by tower-type melt granulation and preparation method hereof |
| CN108218568A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-29 | 中化农业（临沂）研发中心有限公司 | A kind of garlic special synergistic chelating fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-06-04 CN CN202110627239.1A patent/CN113387745A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1078226A (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1993-11-10 | 山东省临沂市化工总厂 | The production method of potassium sulphate type ternary composite fertilizer |
| CN1128247A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1996-08-07 | 湖南省郴州化肥总厂 | Continuous production method of potassium sulphate type ternary granulated complex fertilizer by using potassium chloride |
| CN103848670A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-11 | 安徽省司尔特肥业股份有限公司 | Process for producing high-concentration compound fertilizer by virtue of concentrated ammonium phosphate slurry one-step method |
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