CN113368208A - 一种抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113368208A
CN113368208A CN202110616959.8A CN202110616959A CN113368208A CN 113368208 A CN113368208 A CN 113368208A CN 202110616959 A CN202110616959 A CN 202110616959A CN 113368208 A CN113368208 A CN 113368208A
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张保献
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Increase Hengqin Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂,属于制剂学领域。一种抗病毒的雾化吸入用溶液制剂,包括(1)抗病毒有效成分;(2)等渗剂及溶剂,还可以包括缓冲液。本发明制备的溶液制剂弥补了目前国内市场上的空白,可以杜绝因缺乏吸入治疗专用的制剂药物。而且本发明制备的溶液制剂是专为雾化吸入用患者设计,与雾化器配套使用,使用过程便捷,与抗病毒口服液相比,给药途径不同,使用剂量减少,安全性提高。

Description

一种抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂及其制备方法
本发明是申请号为201610023855.5,申请日为2016年1月15日,发明名称为“一种抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂及其制备方法”的中国发明专利申请的分案申请,其内容通过引用,并入全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂及其制备方法,属于制剂学领域。
背景技术
流行性感冒(简称流感)是流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道感染,也是一种传染性强、传播速度快的疾病。其主要通过空气中的飞沫、人与人之间的接触或与被污染物品的接触传播。典型的临床症状是:急起高热、全身疼痛、显著乏力和轻度呼吸道症状。一般秋冬季节是其高发期,所引起的并发症和死亡现象非常严重。
抗病毒口服液清热祛湿,凉血解毒,用于风热感冒,流感。抗病毒口服液不仅对区域性流感的预防、治疗和控制有显著的作用,并对因病毒引起的其他疾病有显著疗效。但是口服给药起效慢,用量大,毒副作用较大,因此亟待开发一种更为安全的剂型,使药物能够直接进入呼吸道,剂量小,起效快,减少不良反应,提高临床用药安全。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种安全、有效、质量优异的抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂;本发明还提供了该制剂的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂,包括:
(1)抗病毒有效成分;
(2)等渗剂及溶剂;
还可以加入缓冲液。
其中,有效成分与等渗剂的质量比为1:1-1:5。
有效成分的组成(按重量份计):
板蓝根10-15份、连翘3-6份、石膏4-8份、知母1.5-4.5份、地黄2-5份、石菖蒲1.5-4.5份、郁金1.5-4.5份、广藿香1.6-4.8份、芦根4-8份;
优选为(按重量份计):
板蓝根12.87份、连翘4.65份、石膏5.72份、知母2.5份、地黄3.22份、石菖蒲2.50份、郁金2.50份、广藿香2.86份、芦根6.08份;
有效成分的制法为:
按照上述重量份称取九味药,加水煎煮二次,第一次3小时,收集挥发油,用羟丙基倍他环糊精包合,或第一次1.5小时,同时收集挥发油及挥发油乳浊液;第二次1小时20分钟,滤过,滤液合并,浓缩至适量,加85%以上的乙醇使含醇量为70%,静置,滤过,滤液回收乙醇并浓缩至稠膏,加入挥发油包合物或加入挥发油、挥发油乳浊液,得到本发明的有效成分;
以上挥发油、挥发油乳浊液还可用增溶剂(如:吐温80)溶解后加入稠膏中。
等渗剂为氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化钙、葡萄糖、木糖醇、山梨醇中的一种。
缓冲液为柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸-磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钾-磷酸氢二钠、柠檬酸-氢氧化钠、枸橼酸-磷酸氢二钠中的一种。
本发明中还可以加入适量矫味剂。
雾化吸入溶液的pH值是3.0-8.5;优选pH值是4.0-7.0。
雾化吸入溶液的用量是抗病毒口服液用量的0.01-1.0倍;优选用量是抗病毒口服液用量的0.05-0.8倍;更优选用量是抗病毒口服液用量的0.1-0.5倍。
本发明所述的抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂可以用于治疗风热感冒、流感等。
本发明的优点是提供了一种优于抗病毒口服液的新剂型,该制剂直接由呼吸道吸入,在局部聚集成较高浓度,并直接作用于气道表面的感受器或靶受体而发挥作用,且可从气道黏膜和肺部直接吸收,该给药方式可以将药效成分直接递送至病灶,安全有效,生物利用度高,能够实现低剂量而快速有效的治疗,因而具有明显优势。
本发明制备的溶液制剂弥补了目前国内市场上的空白,可以杜绝因缺乏吸入治疗专用的制剂药物。而且本发明制备的溶液制剂是专为雾化吸入用患者设计,与雾化器配套使用,使用过程便捷,与抗病毒口服液相比,给药途径不同,使用剂量减少,安全性提高。
以下通过试验例进一步说明本发明的有益效果:
制备流感大鼠模型80只,随机分为正常对照组、阳性对照组、药物组一、药物组二、药物组三、药物组四、药物组五、药物组六,每组10只,其中,正常对照组给予等量生理盐水灌胃;阳性对照组给予抗病毒口服液灌胃;药物组一、二、三、四、五、六分别给予抗病毒雾化吸入溶液(用量分别为抗病毒口服液的0.01倍、0.05倍、0.1倍、0.5倍、0.8倍、1.0倍),连续给药3天,观察经过治疗后,各组的治愈率、不良反应发生率,以及末次给药后肺组织和血液中的药峰浓度。具体见下表:
表各组治疗后的情况
Figure BDA0003098287040000031
由此可以看出,各药物组对流感大鼠均有较好的治疗作用,其中药物组的治疗效果明显优于阳性对照组,且没有不良反应发生。
综上可知,药物组用药剂量小,不良反应少,且药物主要在肺部聚集成较高浓度,有利于药效成分直接作用于病灶,生物利用度高,实现了低剂量而快速有效的治疗,因而具有明显优势。
同样,药物组治疗风热感冒的效果也明显优于抗病毒口服液。
本发明抗病毒雾化吸入溶液的治疗效果明显优于抗病毒口服液,填补了目前国内市场上的抗病毒专用雾化吸入溶液的空白,与抗病毒口服液相比,使用剂量大大减少,是抗病毒口服液的0.01-1.0倍,优选为0.05-0.8倍,更优选为0.1-0.5倍,同时改变了给药途径,减少不良反应的发生,因此,本发明具备创造性和突出的实质性特点及显著的进步。
具体实施方式
以下药物制剂实施例的制剂过程和制剂所用物质或制剂所用物质的用量不限于文字表述,凡含有本发明提供的药物组合物的制剂方法,均属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
(1)有效成分的制备:
板蓝根12.87份、连翘4.65份、石膏5.72份、知母2.5份、地黄3.22份、石菖蒲2.50份、郁金2.50份、广藿香2.86份、芦根6.08份
按照上述重量份称取九味药,加水煎煮二次,第一次3小时,收集挥发油,用羟丙基倍他环糊精包合,或第一次1.5小时,同时收集挥发油及挥发油乳浊液;第二次1小时20分钟,滤过,滤液合并,浓缩至适量,加85%以上的乙醇使含醇量为70%,静置,滤过,滤液回收乙醇并浓缩至适量,加入挥发油包合物或加入挥发油、挥发油乳浊液,得到本发明的有效成分;
以上挥发油、挥发油乳浊液还可用增溶剂(如:吐温80)溶解后加入稠膏中。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000041
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化钠和柠檬酸,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.4mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至5.0-7.0,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例2
(1)有效成分的制备:同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000042
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化钠,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.4mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至4.0-7.0,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例3
(1)有效成分的制备:同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000043
Figure BDA0003098287040000051
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化镁和柠檬酸,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.2mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至4.0-6.0,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例4
(1)有效成分的制备:同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000052
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化钙和柠檬酸,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.4mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至5.0-6.5,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例5
(1)有效成分的制备:同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000053
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化钠和柠檬酸,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取柠檬酸钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.4mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至6.0-7.0,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例6
(1)有效成分的制备:同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000061
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取葡萄糖和柠檬酸,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.4mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至4.5-5.5,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例7
(1)有效成分的制备:同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000062
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取木糖醇和柠檬酸,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取氢氧化钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.1mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至3.0-5.0,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例8
(1)有效成分的制备:制备方法同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000063
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化钠和磷酸二氢钾,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.4mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至7.5-8.5,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例9
(1)有效成分的制备:制备方法同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000071
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取山梨醇和柠檬酸,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.2mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至5.0-6.0,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例10
(1)有效成分的制备:制备方法同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000072
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化钠和枸橼酸,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.2mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至5.0-6.5,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例11
(1)有效成分的制备:制备方法同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000073
Figure BDA0003098287040000081
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化镁,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.4mol/L的溶液,搅拌缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至6.5-8.5,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例12
(1)有效成分的制备:制备方法同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000082
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化钠,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.4mol/L的溶液,加入阿斯巴甜适量,搅拌均匀,缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至4.0-7.0,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。
实施例13
(1)有效成分的制备:制备方法同实施例1。
(2)抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液的制备:
Figure BDA0003098287040000083
按处方量称取有效成分,加入适量注射用水,搅拌均匀,得溶液1;取氯化钠和柠檬酸,加入适量注射用水,搅拌使溶解,得溶液2;将溶液1与溶液2合并,搅拌均匀,得溶液3;另取磷酸氢二钠适量,加适量注射用水配制成0.4mol/L的溶液,加入矫味剂适量,搅拌均匀,缓慢加入到溶液3中,调节pH值至4.0-7.0,加注射用水1000ml,灌装、封口,即得。

Claims (10)

1.一种抗病毒雾化吸入用溶液制剂,其特征在于,包括(1)抗病毒有效成分;(2)等渗剂及溶剂;
其中,有效成分与等渗剂的质量比为1:1-1:5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制剂,其特征在于,有效成分是这样制备得到的:
板蓝根12.87份、连翘4.65份、石膏5.72份、知母2.5份、地黄3.22份、石菖蒲2.50份、郁金2.50份、广藿香2.86份、芦根6.08份
按照上述重量份称取九味药,加水煎煮二次,第一次3小时,收集挥发油,用羟丙基倍他环糊精包合,或第一次1.5小时,同时收集挥发油及挥发油乳浊液;第二次1小时20分钟,滤过,滤液合并,浓缩至适量,加85%以上的乙醇使含醇量为70%,静置,滤过,滤液回收乙醇并浓缩至适量,加入挥发油包合物或加入挥发油、挥发油乳浊液,得到本发明的有效成分。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制剂,其特征在于,所述的等渗剂为氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化钙、葡萄糖、木糖醇、山梨醇中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制剂,其特征在于,该制剂中还包括缓冲液。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制剂,其特征在于,所述的缓冲液为柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸-磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢钾-磷酸氢二钠、柠檬酸-氢氧化钠、枸橼酸-磷酸氢二钠中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制剂,其特征在于,雾化吸入用溶液的pH值是3.0-8.5。
7.根据权利要求7所述的制剂,其特征在于,雾化吸入用溶液的pH值是4.0-7.0。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制剂,其特征在于,雾化吸入用溶液的用量是抗病毒口服液用量的0.01-1.0倍。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制剂,其特征在于,雾化吸入用溶液的用量是抗病毒口服液用量的0.05-0.8倍。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制剂,其特征在于,雾化吸入用溶液的用量是抗病毒口服液用量的0.1-0.5倍。
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