CN113352859A - 车辆单元搭载构造 - Google Patents

车辆单元搭载构造 Download PDF

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CN113352859A
CN113352859A CN202110183669.9A CN202110183669A CN113352859A CN 113352859 A CN113352859 A CN 113352859A CN 202110183669 A CN202110183669 A CN 202110183669A CN 113352859 A CN113352859 A CN 113352859A
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vehicle
drive unit
end portion
mounting structure
unit
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鲹坂聪
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B60L50/71—Arrangement of fuel cells within vehicles specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
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    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
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    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

一种车辆单元搭载构造，具备：发电单元，搭载于车辆的前部；驱动单元，搭载于所述发电单元的车辆后方侧，驱动前轮；以及地板通道，形成于配置在所述驱动单元的车辆后方侧的地板，所述地板通道的前端部的宽度被设为比所述驱动单元的至少后端部的宽度大。

Description

车辆单元搭载构造
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆单元搭载构造。
背景技术
以往，已知一种发电机搭载车辆，其具备发电机、驱动发电机的发动机以及驱动驱动轮的马达，发电机与发动机被配置为在车辆前后方向排列(例如，参照日本特开2019－107962号公报)。
然而，发电机和发动机都是不易压溃的构件，因此，若它们在车辆前后方向排列，则在车辆发生了前面碰撞时，压溃行程(crash stroke)会变少。但是，若想要确保压溃行程，则前悬会变大。如此，在不易压溃的构件被配置为在车辆前后方向排列的车辆中，在确保压溃行程的构成上存在改善的余地。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于，获得一种即使发电单元与驱动单元被配置为在车辆前后方向排列也能确保压溃行程的车辆单元搭载构造。
为了实现上述的目的，本发明的第一方案的车辆单元搭载构造具备：发电单元，搭载于车辆的前部；驱动单元，搭载于所述发电单元的车辆后方侧，驱动前轮；以及地板通道，形成于配置在所述驱动单元的车辆后方侧的地板，所述地板通道的前端部的宽度被设为比所述驱动单元的至少后端部的宽度大。
根据本发明的第一方案，在从车辆前方侧被输入了载荷时，支承驱动单元的副车架从前纵梁脱离。在此，发电单元和驱动单元是不易压溃的构件。因此，当车辆发生前面碰撞而发电单元后退时，驱动单元向后方下侧移动，但地板通道的前端部的宽度被设为比驱动单元的至少后端部的宽度大，因此，驱动单元的至少后端部进入地板通道的前端部的内侧，发电单元和驱动单元的后退量增加。由此，压溃行程被确保。
本发明的第二方案的车辆单元搭载构造具备：发电单元，搭载于车辆的前部；驱动单元，搭载于所述发电单元的车辆后方侧，驱动前轮；以及地板通道，形成于配置在所述驱动单元的车辆后方侧的地板，所述地板通道的前端部的宽度和高度被设为比所述驱动单元的至少后端部的宽度和高度大。
根据本发明的第二方案，地板通道的前端部的宽度和高度被设为比驱动单元的至少后端部的宽度和高度大。在此，发电单元和驱动单元是不易压溃的构件。因此，当车辆发生前面碰撞时，发电单元后退，驱动单元后退，但地板通道的前端部的宽度和高度比驱动单元的后端部的宽度和高度大，因此，驱动单元的至少后端部进入地板通道的前端部的内侧，发电单元和驱动单元的后退量增加。由此，压溃行程被确保。
此外，对于本发明的第三方案的车辆单元搭载构造而言，在第一方案的车辆单元搭载构造中，支承所述驱动单元的副车架支承于前纵梁，所述车辆单元搭载构造被配置为在从车辆前方侧被输入了载荷时所述副车架从所述前纵梁脱离。
根据本发明的第三方案，在从车辆前方侧被输入了载荷时，支承驱动单元的副车架从前纵梁脱离。因此，与支承驱动单元的副车架不从前纵梁脱离的构成相比，驱动单元的自由度增加，驱动单元的至少后端部能顺畅地进入地板通道的前端部的内侧。由此，发电单元和驱动单元的后退量有效地增加。
此外，对于本发明的第四方案的车辆单元搭载构造而言，在第二方案的车辆单元搭载构造中，支承所述驱动单元的副车架支承于前纵梁，所述车辆单元搭载构造被配置为在从车辆前方侧被输入了载荷时所述副车架从所述前纵梁脱离。
根据本发明的第四方案，在从车辆前方侧被输入了载荷时，支承驱动单元的副车架从前纵梁脱离。因此，与支承驱动单元的副车架不从前纵梁脱离的构成相比，驱动单元的自由度增加，驱动单元的至少后端部能顺畅地进入地板通道的前端部的内侧。由此，发电单元和驱动单元的后退量有效地增加。
此外，对于本发明的第五方案的车辆单元搭载构造而言，在第一～第三方案中的任一个方案的车辆单元搭载构造中，所述发电单元是仅用于发电的发动机和发电机。
根据本发明的第五方案，发电单元由仅用于发电的发动机和发电机构成。因此，在将发动机仅作为发电用的电动汽车中，压溃行程被确保。
此外，对于本发明的第六方案的车辆单元搭载构造而言，在第一～第三方案中的任一个方案的车辆单元搭载构造中，所述发电单元是燃料电池堆。
根据本发明的第六方案，发电单元由燃料电池堆构成。因此，在燃料电池汽车中，压溃行程被确保。
而且，对于本发明的第七方案的车辆单元搭载构造而言，在第二方案的车辆单元搭载构造中，所述地板通道的前端部的宽度和高度被设为比所述驱动单元的最大宽度和最大高度大。
根据本发明的第七方案，能使整个驱动单元进入地板通道的内部，因此能进一步使压溃行程延长。
发明效果
如上所述，根据本发明，即使发电单元与驱动单元被配置为在车辆前后方向排列，也能确保压溃行程。
附图说明
基于附图对本发明的示例性实施例进行详细说明，其中：
图1是表示本实施方式的车辆单元搭载构造的俯视图。
图2是表示本实施方式的车辆单元搭载构造的侧视图。
图3是将悬架梁的一部分放大表示的俯视图。
图4是表示具备本实施方式的车辆单元搭载构造的车辆的前面碰撞后的状态的俯视图。
图5是表示本实施方式的车辆单元搭载构造的变形例的俯视图。
具体实施方式
以下，基于附图对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。需要说明的是，为了便于说明，将在各图中适当示出的箭头UP设为车辆上方向，将箭头FR设为车辆前方向，将箭头RH设为车辆右方向。因此，在以下的说明中，在没有特别说明地记载了上下、前后、左右的方向的情况下，设为表示车辆上下方向的上下、车辆前后方向的前后、车辆左右方向(车宽方向)的左右。
如图1、图2所示，在具备本实施方式的车辆单元搭载构造10的车辆12的前部配设有在前后方向延伸的左右一对前纵梁14。并且，在各前纵梁14的前端部架设有在大致车宽方向延伸的前保险杠加强件16。
此外，在车辆12的前部且左右的前纵梁14之间搭载有作为发电单元30的发动机32和发电机34。在俯视观察时，发动机32以车宽方向为长尺寸方向被搭载，发电机34一体地设于发动机32的车宽方向一端部(例如左端部)。
并且，发电机34和发动机32的车宽方向另一端部(例如右端部)分别通过支承构件(省略图示)支承于左右的前纵梁14。需要说明的是，发动机32还通过扭力杆48支承于后述的悬架梁26。此外，排气管36从发动机32的后端上部朝向后方侧延伸。
发动机32仅用于发电，发电机34被配置为通过利用发动机32的驱动力使发电用马达(省略图示)旋转来进行发电。需要说明的是，在前保险杠加强件16的后方侧且发动机32的前方侧搭载有发动机冷却用的冷却单元20。冷却单元20被配置为包括散热器22和风扇24。
在发动机32(发电单元30)的后方下侧配设有通过下臂(省略图示)支承前轮18的作为副车架的悬架梁26。悬架梁26被设为以车宽方向为长尺寸方向的大致平板状，以悬挂的状态支承于左右的前纵梁14。
若具体地进行说明，则如图2所示，左右的前纵梁14的后方侧向斜下方侧弯折延伸(以下，将该部位称为“上弯部(kick portion)14A”)，上弯部14A的下端部进一步朝向后方侧延伸。悬架梁26的车宽方向外侧前端部通过螺栓紧固装配于上弯部14A的中途部，悬架梁26的车宽方向外侧后端部通过螺栓紧固装配于上弯部14A的下端部。
需要说明的是，如图3所示，被配置为：在由于车辆12的前面碰撞等而从前方侧被输入了载荷时，悬架梁26的至少车宽方向外侧后端部从前纵梁14的上弯部14A脱离。即，在悬架梁26的车宽方向外侧后端部且螺栓插通用的贯通孔26A的前侧形成有形成为薄板状的脆弱部28来作为脱离手段，当悬架梁26后退时，该脆弱部28由于螺栓54的轴部而断裂。
此外，如图1、图2所示，在发动机32(发电单元30)的后方侧且悬架梁26的上部的车宽方向中央部搭载有驱动前轮18旋转的驱动单元40。驱动单元40被配置为包括驱动用马达(省略图示)和差动齿轮(省略图示)，驱动单元40通过支承构件(省略图示)支承于悬架梁26的上部。并且，从驱动单元40朝向车宽方向外侧延伸的驱动轴42连接于前轮18。
如此，在本实施方式的车辆单元搭载构造10中，采用了发电单元30(发动机32和发电机34)与驱动单元40前后分离的构成。此外，在驱动单元40的后方侧且悬架梁26的上部配设有转向齿轮箱44。并且，从转向齿轮箱44朝向车宽方向外侧延伸的横拉杆46连接于前轮18。
在驱动单元40的后方侧配设有地板50。并且，在该地板50的车宽方向中央部形成有在俯视观察时前端部52A的宽度(沿着车宽方向的长度)被设为比驱动单元40的至少后端部40A的宽度(沿着车宽方向的长度)大的、截面为大致倒“U”字形的地板通道52。即，地板通道52的前端部52A的左侧壁52L和右侧壁52R成为在俯视观察时随着趋向前方侧而逐渐变宽的倾斜壁。
需要说明的是，在侧视观察时，地板通道52的前端部52A的高度也被设为比驱动单元40的至少后端部40A的高度高。换言之，地板通道52的前端部52A的顶壁52U成为随着趋向前方侧而逐渐变高的倾斜壁，该顶壁52U的前端部的高度位置配置于比驱动单元40的至少后端部40A的高度位置高的位置。此外，排气管36穿过该地板通道52的内侧而向后方侧延伸。
在被设为以上这样的构成的车辆单元搭载构造10中，接着对其作用进行说明。
如图4所示，当车辆12例如与障壁W发生前面碰撞时(当从前方侧被输入载荷时)，前纵梁14在轴向发生压缩变形，同时发电单元30(发动机32和发电机34)与前保险杠加强件16和冷却单元20一起相对地向后方侧移动(后退)。于是，驱动单元40被该发电单元30(发动机32和发电机34)推压而相对地向后方侧移动(后退)。
在此，发电单元30和驱动单元40是不易压溃的构件。并且，在俯视观察时，地板通道52的前端部52A的宽度被设为比驱动单元40的至少后端部40A的宽度大，在侧视观察时，地板通道52的前端部52A的高度被设为比驱动单元40的至少后端部40A的高度高(大)。因此，相对地向后方侧移动(后退)过来的驱动单元40的至少后端部40A进入地板通道52的前端部52A的内侧。
由此，能增加发电单元30和驱动单元40的后退量，能在作为将发动机32仅作为发电用的车辆12的电动汽车中确保压溃行程。就是说，在车辆12的前面碰撞时，不增大前悬(front overhang)就能使乘坐者的安全性提高。需要说明的是，若能这样确保压溃行程，则在车辆12中作为前面碰撞时的对策用的加强构件等减少，因此也能谋求车辆12的轻量化。
此外，采用了将发电单元30与驱动单元40分离并前后配置的构成，因此能将前纵梁14的组装宽度(assembled width)设为与例如前置发动机/后轮驱动车相同的组装宽度(能设为比较窄的组装宽度)。因此，能使前轮18的转角提高，并且能使车辆12的轴距(车厢的前后方向的长度)延长。此外，还能在前轮18设定大径轮胎，在该情况下，能使车辆12的设计性提高，并且能使运动性能和制动性能提高。
此外，在由于从前方侧被输入载荷从而支承驱动单元40的悬架梁26发生了后退时，螺栓54的轴部使脆弱部28断裂，由此该悬架梁26从前纵梁14脱离。因此，与悬架梁26不从前纵梁14脱离的构成相比，驱动单元40的自由度增加，驱动单元40的至少后端部40A能顺畅地进入地板通道52的前端部52A的内侧。由此，能有效地增加发电单元30和驱动单元40的后退量。
需要说明的是，若为悬架梁26从前纵梁14脱离的构成，则驱动单元40相对地向后方下侧移动。因此，在该情况下，即使在侧视观察时地板通道52的前端部52A的高度未被设为比驱动单元40的至少后端部40A的高度高(大)，相对地向后方下侧移动过来的驱动单元40的至少后端部40A也能进入地板通道52的前端部52A的内侧。
就是说，如果成为悬架梁26从前纵梁14脱离，驱动单元40相对地向后方下侧移动这样的构成，则在侧视观察时，地板通道52的前端部52A的高度可以为驱动单元40的后端部40A的高度以下，在该构成的情况下，至少地板通道52的前端部52A的宽度被设为比驱动单元40的至少后端部40A的宽度大即可。
此外，在本实施方式中的驱动单元40中，包括装配于驱动单元40的线束和树脂托架(树脂构件)等的辅助设备部件等在碰撞时不易传递载荷的部件被排除在外。即，本实施方式中的驱动单元40的后端部40A的大小是指驱动单元40的外壳的大小。
(变形例)
如图5所示，发电单元30可以是燃料电池堆38。在该情况下，在车辆12的前面碰撞时，也能获得与上述同样的作用。就是说，能在作为车辆12的燃料电池汽车中确保压溃行程。
此外，本实施方式中的车辆12只要在发动机32和发电机34与燃料电池堆38之间进行切换就能容易地在电动汽车与燃料电池汽车之间进行切换。即，发电单元30与驱动单元40被分离，因此，即使是具有多个不抗驱动用马达的振动的电池单元的燃料电池堆38，也能搭载于车辆12。
以上，基于附图对本实施方式的车辆单元搭载构造10进行了说明，但本实施方式的车辆单元搭载构造10并不限定于图示的构造，可以在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内适当进行设计变更。
例如，可以将地板通道52的前端部52A的宽度和高度形成得比驱动单元40的最大宽度和最大高度大。在该情况下，能使整个驱动单元40进入地板通道52的内部，因此能使压溃行程延长。
此外，地板通道52的前端部52A的顶壁52U、左侧壁52L以及右侧壁52R并不限定于随着趋向前方侧而逐渐变宽的形状(倾斜壁)，例如也可以形成为随着趋向前方侧而阶段性地变宽的阶梯形状等。
此外，使悬架梁26从前纵梁14脱离的脱离手段并不限定于脆弱部28。作为脱离手段，也可以被配置为：在从前方侧被输入载荷从而悬架梁26发生了后退时，例如螺栓54的轴部折断(断裂)，由此悬架梁26从前纵梁14脱离。

Claims (7)

1.一种车辆单元搭载构造，具备：
发电单元，搭载于车辆的前部；
驱动单元，搭载于所述发电单元的车辆后方侧，驱动前轮；以及
地板通道，形成于配置在所述驱动单元的车辆后方侧的地板，所述地板通道的前端部的宽度被设为比所述驱动单元的至少后端部的宽度大。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆单元搭载构造，其中，
所述地板通道的前端部的宽度和高度被设为比所述驱动单元的至少后端部的宽度和高度大。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车辆单元搭载构造，其中，
支承所述驱动单元的副车架支承于前纵梁，
所述车辆单元搭载构造被配置为在从车辆前方侧被输入了载荷时所述副车架从所述前纵梁脱离。
4.根据权利要求2所述的车辆单元搭载构造，其中，
支承所述驱动单元的副车架支承于前纵梁，
所述车辆单元搭载构造被配置为在从车辆前方侧被输入了载荷时所述副车架从所述前纵梁脱离。
5.根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的车辆单元搭载构造，其中，
所述发电单元是仅用于发电的发动机和发电机。
6.根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的车辆单元搭载构造，其中，
所述发电单元是燃料电池堆。
7.根据权利要求2所述的车辆单元搭载构造，其中，
所述地板通道的前端部的宽度和高度被设为比所述驱动单元的最大宽度和最大高度大。
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