CN113348806A

CN113348806A - Method for promoting lateral bud of pseudobulb of orchid to sprout in advance

Info

Publication number: CN113348806A
Application number: CN202110750703.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵坤坤; 孙崇波; 王筠竹; 陈跃
Original assignee: Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-07-01
Filing date: 2021-07-01
Publication date: 2021-09-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for promoting lateral buds of pseudobulb of orchid to sprout in advance. Selecting old and active pseudobulbs or pseudobulb groups of orchids, obliquely cutting off the top ends of the pseudobulbs by using an aseptic blade, placing for 1-2 hours for natural drying, uniformly placing the pseudobulbs on garden soil, then paving moss mixed with orchid rhizosphere soil, providing a proper temperature and humidity environment, transplanting after the pseudobulb lateral buds germinate and grow new roots, and growing into normal orchid plants under the greenhouse condition by using a conventional management method. The top end of the pseudobulb of the orchid is obliquely cut, so that the pseudobulb of the orchid is in a good growing environment, and the germination time of lateral buds of the pseudobulb of the orchid can be obviously shortened.

Description

Method for promoting lateral bud of pseudobulb of orchid to sprout in advance

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for promoting lateral buds of pseudobulb of orchid to sprout in advance. The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation technology, landscape plants and ornamental horticulture.

Background

Orchid (Cymbidium ssp.) is a generic term for plants of the genus Cymbidium of the class monocotyledonae. Epiphytic or terrestrial herbs with several or many leaves usually grow on the base or lower node of pseudobulb, and have two rows, bands or rarely inverted lanceolate to narrow oval shape, with the base usually having a broad sheath and surrounding the pseudobulb. The orchid in the traditional famous Chinese flowers only refers to a plurality of terrestrial orchids distributed in orchids in China, such as 7 major types, namely Chinese orchids, namely cymbidium faberi, cymbidium sinense, cymbidium kanran, cymbidium tortisel, cymbidium sinense and cymbidium sinense. The Chinese orchid is different from the tropical orchid with bright flowers, has no vivid and bright state, does not have large flowers and leaves, has simple, quiet, elegant and clean quality, meets the aesthetic standard of oriental people, and is deeply loved by the Chinese people. There is a history of more than one thousand years of cultivation in china.

China has abundant orchid resources and wide distribution, but the orchid resources are gradually decreased from south to north, and the wide distribution is in Yunnan province, Guizhou province, Guangdong province, Guangxi province, Taiwan province and the like. The rehmanniae orchid is mostly distributed in temperate and subtropical regions, such as Zhejiang, Sichuan, Fujian, Anhui, Henan and Jiangsu. Orchid has pseudobulbs which are ovular, elliptical or fusiform, etc., and is usually occluded within the sheath at the base of the leaf. Orchid likes yin and is prohibited from direct sunlight; moistening without drying; is fertile and rich in a large amount of humus; preferably an air-through environment. The orchid is also suitable for indoor culture, has extremely high ornamental value, is one of the rare ornamental flowers at present, and also has higher economic value.

At present, the orchid propagation mainly adopts the division of plants and the aseptic seeding tissue culture propagation, the orchid is mostly a high heterozygote, the seed propagation often causes the separation of the characters of the offspring, and the probability of obtaining the plants with the same phenotype as the parents is lower; in addition, orchid can be bred in different plants in spring and autumn, but because the growth of orchid is slow, the orchid needs to be bred every 2-3 years, and the breeding coefficient of different plants is low. The old pseudobulb is difficult to germinate lateral buds under natural conditions and is usually discarded in the process of plant division and propagation. For some rare varieties or resources, which are often difficult to obtain by one seedling, in order to fully utilize parent propagation materials and improve the natural propagation rate of rare cymbidium, the old pseudobulbs need to be fully utilized, and the top ends of the pseudobulbs are obliquely cut under the in vitro condition.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the method for promoting the pseudobulb lateral bud to germinate in advance, which is simple, convenient and practical, has lower cost, can promote the pseudobulb lateral bud to germinate rapidly and the lateral bud to grow robustly, and can rapidly obtain the orchid plant.

In order to achieve the purpose, according to the technical scheme, the upper 1/3 part of the pseudobulb is cut off at an angle of 30-60 ℃ from top to bottom, the wound is healed, and the orchid pseudobulb lateral bud is promoted to germinate in advance by adding orchid rhizosphere soil, preserving moisture by moss, providing proper temperature and humidity and other technical means. Through screening comparison, the scheme can rapidly promote the pseudobulb lateral bud to germinate in advance. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

1. Pretreatment of pseudo bulbs: the pseudobulb grows on the orchid rhizome in a stringing manner, the pseudobulb group is separated from the plant, the pseudobulb is held to rotate slightly, the pseudobulb is prevented from being pulled by force, and the pseudobulb is prevented from being damaged in the operation process;

2. cutting pseudobulb of the stock plant: disinfecting a single-sided blade with alcohol, wiping the blade clean, cutting 1/3 tissues at the top end of the pseudobulb from top to bottom according to an angle of 30-60 ℃, and reserving a rhizome connected with the base part of the pseudobulb;

3. pseudobulb wound healing treatment: exposing the cut pseudobulb to the wound of the inclined plane, and standing at room temperature for 1-2 h until the pseudobulb is naturally healed;

4. placing the false bulbs: the cut pseudo bulbs are evenly placed on the garden soil mixed with the orchid rhizosphere soil, the wound is inclined, and water accumulation of the wound is avoided. Then, spreading some moss mixed with orchid rhizosphere soil, and watering thoroughly;

5. managing the cut pseudobulb: keeping the humidity at 60-70% under the environment conditions of 18-25 ℃ shade and good ventilation, and slowly watering thoroughly after drying each time by using a watering can;

6. transplanting seedlings: after the pseudobulb lateral bud grows new roots, transplanting the pseudobulb lateral bud into a culture medium mixed with bark, perlite and the like, and growing normal orchid plants under the conventional management conditions.

Has the advantages that:

the method for promoting the lateral bud of the pseudobulb of the orchid to sprout in advance is simple and convenient to operate, and the cut pseudobulb of the orchid is in a good growing environment by obliquely cutting the 1/3 part of the upper part of the pseudobulb of the orchid, so that the lateral bud of the pseudobulb can be remarkably promoted to sprout in advance.

The method can utilize the pseudobulb bulbs to a great extent, quickly obtain the orchid plants, make up the defects of the plant division propagation and the tissue culture propagation, and provide a simple, convenient and efficient technology for producing the orchid seedlings for flower enterprises.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the top bevel for promoting the lateral bud of orchid pseudobulb to sprout in advance

A, Qiupou cymbidium with false bulbs; BC, 0 day pseudobulb; DE, pseudobulb grown for 22 days; FG, pseudobulb growth for 39 days. Red arrows indicate lateral buds on pseudobulbs. BDF is the cleavage treated group and CEG is the control group. Length of the scale: a (6cm), BC (1cm), D-G (3 cm).

FIG. 2 time required for lateral bud germination in treatment group and control group

FIG. 3 Normal plants grown under conventional management conditions

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. The following examples are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Example 1

The pseudobulb of Cymbidium qiubeiense K.M.Feng et H.Li, which has good growth status, is selected for cutting propagation.

1. Pretreatment of pseudo bulbs: pseudobulbs are planted on orchid rhizome in a stringing manner (fig. 1A), a pseudobulb group is separated from a plant, the pseudobulbs are pinched and slightly rotated to be separated from the plant, the pseudobulbs are prevented from being pulled by force, and the pseudobulbs are prevented from being damaged in the operation process;

2. cutting pseudobulb of the stock plant: disinfecting a single-sided blade with alcohol, wiping the blade clean, cutting off 1/3 parts at the top of the pseudobulb from top to bottom at an angle of 45 ℃, and reserving a rhizome connected with the bottom of the pseudobulb (figures 1B and C);

5. managing the cut pseudobulb: keeping the humidity at 60-70% under the environment conditions of 18-25 ℃ shade and good ventilation, and slowly watering until water is permeated after drying each time; and (3) lateral bud germination observation: after 10 days of culture, pseudobulb lateral buds of the cutting treatment group start to germinate, while the lateral buds of the control group take 3 weeks (figure 2) for germination, and the cutting treatment obviously promotes the pseudobulb lateral buds to germinate in advance; when the culture is carried out for 22 days, the treatment group shows macroscopic lateral buds, while the lateral buds of the control group do not obviously sprout (figure 1D, E); on day 39, the treated lateral buds were significantly elongated, while the control lateral buds were in a freshly germinated state (FIG. 1F, G);

6. transplanting seedlings: and (3) transplanting the pseudobulb side bud after a new root grows out to turfy soil, wherein the volume ratio of the perlite to the pine bark is 1: 1: 5 in mixed medium, normal orchid plants were grown under conventional management conditions (FIG. 3).

Claims

1. A method for promoting lateral buds of pseudobulb of orchid to sprout in advance is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) early treatment of the pseudobulb: separating the pseudobulb population from the plant;

2) cutting pseudobulb of the stock plant: cutting tissue from 1/3-1/2 at the top of pseudobulb from top to bottom at 30-60 deg.C, without removing rhizome connected with the base;

3) pseudobulb wound healing treatment: exposing the cut pseudobulb to the wound of the inclined plane, standing for 1-2 h at room temperature, and naturally healing;

4) placing the false bulbs: uniformly placing the cut pseudo bulbs on the garden soil mixed with the orchid rhizosphere soil, inclining the wound to avoid water accumulation of the wound, then spreading some moss mixed with the orchid rhizosphere soil, and watering thoroughly;

5) managing the cut pseudobulb: keeping the humidity at 60-70% under the environment conditions of 18-25 ℃ shade and good ventilation, and slowly watering thoroughly after drying each time by using a watering can;

6) transplanting seedlings: and transplanting the pseudobulb side bud after a new root grows out, transplanting the pseudobulb side bud into a culture medium, and growing a normal orchid plant under the conventional management condition.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein step 1), the pseudobulb grows on the orchid rhizome in a string, the pseudobulb is held and slightly rotated to separate the pseudobulb from the plant, the pseudobulb group is prevented from being pulled by force, and the pseudobulb is prevented from being damaged during the operation.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2), pseudobulb is cut from top to bottom at an angle of 45 ℃ to cut tissue from top 1/3-1/2 without removing the rhizome attached to the base.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the culture medium of step 6) is peatmoss, perlite and pine bark in a volume ratio of 1: 1: and 5, mixing.