CN113348796B

CN113348796B - Multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113348796B
Application number: CN202110610675.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 仇少君; 龙世平; 何萍; 赵士诚; 徐新朋; 周卫
Original assignee: Hunan Institute Of Agro-Environment And Ecology; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
Current assignee: Hunan Institute Of Agro-Environment And Ecology; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
Priority date: 2021-06-01
Filing date: 2021-06-01
Publication date: 2022-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-01
Also published as: CN113348796A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional agricultural mechanical device, which comprises: the seedling planting machine comprises a machine body, wherein a seedling planting device, a land cultivating device, a root stubble processing device and a fertilizing device are sequentially arranged on the machine body, and a control device for controlling the seedling planting device and the land cultivating device to work at different times is arranged between the seedling planting device and the land cultivating device. The control device can ensure that the transplanting device and the ploughing device do not work simultaneously, prevent the ploughing device from being opened by mistake when transplanting rice and hindering the work of transplanting rice, and the fertilizing device and the ploughing device work simultaneously, so that soil and fertilizer are fully compatible when applying base fertilizer to soil, thereby reducing fertilizer loss.

Description

Multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment.

Background

Agriculture is an important industry in national economy, and agricultural production is an economic process, so that high yield is pursued, efficiency must be emphasized, and therefore agricultural machinery becomes an essential production tool for people during farming, efficient agricultural planting is provided for people, and labor and time cost are reduced. In the south of China, corn planting is dry farming, rice planting is water farming, corn can be harvested in summer and rice can be planted simultaneously after the corn is planted in spring, however, after the corn is harvested, roots which are difficult to remove are in the soil, the corn roots need to be removed first, then farming, fertilization and rice transplanting are carried out, and much labor force and time are wasted. Therefore, there is a need for a multi-function agricultural machine that at least partially solves the problems of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

In this summary, concepts in a simplified form are introduced that are further described in the detailed description. This summary of the invention is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a multi-function agricultural mechanical apparatus comprising: the machine body is sequentially provided with a seedling transplanting device, a ploughing device, a root stubble processing device and a fertilizing device, and a control device for controlling the seedling transplanting device and the ploughing device to work at different times is arranged between the seedling transplanting device and the ploughing device.

Preferably, the rice transplanting device comprises: the seedling conveying box is connected with the machine body in a rotating mode, one end of the transplanting mechanism is connected with the machine body, the other end of the transplanting mechanism is provided with a transplanting manipulator, and the other end of the seedling conveying box is selectively connected with the transplanting mechanism close to one end of the transplanting manipulator in a clamping mode.

Preferably, the tilling device includes: the first driving rod is arranged on the machine body and can drive the driving shaft arranged at the bottom end of the first driving rod to do vertical linear reciprocating motion, the second driving rod is arranged on one side, away from the rice transplanting device, of the first driving rod, the second driving rod is connected with the first driving rod through the connecting rod, the first driving rod can drive the second driving rod to do vertical linear reciprocating motion, and the second driving rod can drive the root shovel to do vertical motion; a plurality of L-shaped digging rod groups are arranged on the outer side of the driving shaft along the axial direction of the driving shaft.

Preferably, the stubble processing apparatus includes: the first treatment box is arranged on one side close to the ploughing device, and the second treatment box is arranged inside the fertilizing device; the first processing case is close to the bottom of root shovel one side is equipped with the root stubble import, the first processing case is close to one side that the second handled the case is equipped with the root stubble export, the root stubble export with the case intercommunication is handled to the second, the inside that the case was handled to the second just is located the below of root stubble import is equipped with crushing mechanism.

Preferably, the top end and the bottom end of the interior of the first treatment box are both provided with conveying wheels, the conveying wheels at the top end are connected with a first driving device, the two conveying wheels are connected through a belt, a plurality of conveying shovels are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the belt, one side, close to the belt, of each conveying shovel is provided with an elastic connecting plate, the connecting plate is abutted to the outer side of the belt, a sieve plate is arranged at the bottom of the first treatment box and is in sliding connection with the bottom of the first treatment box through a first limiting rod, a first spring is arranged below the sieve plate, an annular fixing plate is arranged in the middle of the first treatment box, and a plurality of telescopic mechanisms are arranged on the annular fixing plate;

the telescopic mechanism comprises: the middle part threaded connection of trapezoidal stopper has the regulation pole, the both sides of trapezoidal stopper all are equipped with the slide bar, the slide bar runs through annular fixed plate sets up, the other end of slide bar is connected with rotates the wheel, rotate the wheel with the belt butt.

Preferably, the control device includes: the setting is in locking mechanical system and actuating mechanism on the organism, the first actuating lever that is equipped with on the arable land device runs through locking mechanical system sets up, actuating mechanism includes: the rice transplanting device is provided with a rice seedling conveying box, a connecting shaft for rotationally connecting the rice seedling conveying box and the machine body is provided with a first gear, the rack horizontally arranged is meshed and connected above the first gear, the rack is in sliding connection with the machine body, the end part of the rack far away from the first gear is provided with a second gear, the first gear is connected with a second driving device arranged on the machine body, and the second gear is connected with a third driving device arranged on the machine body; and a third gear and a fourth gear connected with the locking mechanism are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the locking mechanism, the third gear and the fourth gear can be connected through a chain to synchronously rotate, and the third gear in meshed connection with the second gear is arranged below the second gear.

Preferably, the locking mechanism includes: the first driving rod penetrates through the inner shell, fifth gears which are respectively meshed with the third gear and the fourth gear are arranged on two sides of the outer shell, a threaded rod is coaxially arranged on one side of each fifth gear, the threaded rod penetrates through the outer shell and is rotatably connected with the inner shell, a threaded cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded rod, transmission rods are symmetrically hinged to two sides of the threaded cylinder, and the other end of each transmission rod is connected with a sixth gear which is rotatably connected with the outer shell; abutting plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the axis of the threaded rod, two limiting columns are arranged on one side, close to the inner shell, of each abutting plate, the limiting columns can penetrate through the inner shell, toothed plates are connected to two ends of each abutting plate, the toothed plates are meshed with the sixth gears, one ends, close to the outer shell, of the toothed plates are inserted into the outer shell, and second springs are connected between the outer shell and the end portions of the toothed plates;

a movable loop bar is sleeved outside the two limiting columns, sleeves sleeved with the limiting columns are symmetrically arranged on the movable loop bar, a third spring is arranged between each sleeve and the abutting plate, the third spring is sleeved outside the limiting columns, two sliding blocks are connected to the movable loop bar and positioned between the two sleeves in a sliding mode, a fourth spring is connected between each sliding block and the adjacent sleeve, the fourth spring is sleeved outside the movable loop bar, one side, close to the inner shell, of each sliding block is hinged to a hinge rod, and the other end of each hinge rod is hinged to one side of the inner shell;

one side of the sixth gear is provided with a groove corresponding to the end of the transmission rod, the bottom of the groove is provided with an insertion rod, the end of the transmission rod is provided with a slot corresponding to the insertion rod, and the insertion rod is connected with the slot through a fifth spring.

Preferably, a feed inlet is arranged above the fertilizing device, a discharge outlet is arranged below the fertilizing device, and a stirring chamber is arranged inside the fertilizing device.

Preferably, the device further comprises a detection device for detecting the deformation of the driving shaft in the vertical direction, and the specific steps are as follows:

step A1, measuring a distance value P between an ith detection point and a horizontal reference surface in a jth measuring area on the top surface of the driving shaft at a certain moment _ij ；

Step A2, calculating the deformation amount tau of the driving shaft in the vertical direction through the following formula:

wherein, w _ij The weight value of the ith detection point on the jth measurement area of the top surface of the driving shaft, n is the number of the detection points on each detection area, m is the number of the detection areas, and i =1,2, \ 8230 \ 8230;, n, j =1,2, \ 8230; \ 8230;, m;

step A3, calculating the obtained deformation amount tau and the preset deformation amount tau ₀ Comparing if tau is less than tau ₀ The drive shaft meets the use standard if tau>τ ₀ The drive shaft does not meet the use standard.

Preferably, the L-shaped digging rod set comprises a plurality of L-shaped digging rods uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving shaft, and when the stubble removing operation is performed on the farmland, the moving speed of the machine body and the rotating speed of the driving shaft satisfy the following formula:

wherein theta is the angular displacement of the L-shaped digging rod rotating to the position where the L-shaped digging rod adjacent to the L-shaped digging rod is located, pi is a mathematical constant, n is _f Rotational speed of the drive shaft, d _g Is the average value of the distance between two adjacent stubbles, v is the moving speed of the machine body, and epsilon is a natural number except 0.

Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:

the multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment can ensure that the transplanting device and the ploughing device cannot work simultaneously through the control device, prevent the ploughing device from being opened by mistake to interfere with the transplanting work during transplanting, can fully compatibilize soil and fertilizer when applying base fertilizer to the soil through the simultaneous work of the fertilizing device and the ploughing device so as to reduce the fertilizer loss, and can complete the removal of corn roots and stubbles, ploughing, fertilizing and rice seedling transplanting work by utilizing the forward movement and the reverse movement of the same equipment, thereby realizing the continuous cropping of corn and rice in different seasons on the same soil, saving labor force and time cost and improving the production efficiency. .

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional agricultural mechanical device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the multifunctional agricultural mechanical apparatus of the present invention, wherein the driving mechanism is disconnected from the locking mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a lock mechanism in a multifunctional agricultural mechanical device according to the present invention in a sectional view from above.

Fig. 4 is a schematic enlarged structural view of a part in fig. 3 of the multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable loop bar in the multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the sixth gear and the transmission rod in the multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a first treatment tank of the multifunctional farm machinery of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a telescopic mechanism in the multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between a conveying shovel and a belt in the multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment.

1 is a machine body, 2 is a transplanting device, 210 is a seedling conveying box, 220 is a transplanting mechanism, 221 is a transplanting manipulator, 3 is a ploughing device, 310 is a driving shaft, 320 is a first driving rod, 330 is a connecting rod, 340 is a second driving rod, 350 is a root shovel, 360 is an L-shaped digging rod group, 4 is a root stubble processing device, 410 is a first processing box, 411 is a conveying wheel, 412 is a belt, 413 is a conveying shovel, 414 is a connecting plate, 415 is a sieve plate, 416 is a first limiting rod, 417 is a first spring, 418 is an annular fixing plate, 419 is a telescopic mechanism, 4191 is a trapezoidal limiting block, 4192 is an adjusting rod, 4193 is a sliding rod, 4194 is a rotating wheel 420 is the second processing case, 421 is grinding mechanism, 5 is fertilizer injection unit, 6 is locking mechanical system, 610 is the outer casing, 620 is the inner casing, 630 is the fifth gear, 640 is the threaded rod, 650 is the screw thread section of thick bamboo, 660 is the transfer line, 670 is the sixth gear, 680 is the butt plate, 690 is the spacing post, 6100 is the pinion rack, 6110 is the second spring, 6120 is the activity loop bar, 6130 is the sleeve, 6140 is the third spring, 6150 is the slider, 6160 is the fourth spring, 6170 is the hinge lever, 6180 is the fifth spring, 7 is the actuating mechanism, 710 is the first gear, 720 is the rack, 730 is the second gear, 8 is the third gear, 9 is the fourth gear.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.

It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present invention provides a multi-functional agricultural mechanical apparatus, comprising: the machine body 1 is sequentially provided with a rice transplanting device 2, a ploughing device 3, a root stubble processing device 4 and a fertilizing device 5, and a control device for controlling the rice transplanting device 2 and the ploughing device 3 to work at different times is arranged between the two devices.

The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the machine body 1 is sequentially provided with a transplanting device 2, a ploughing device 3, a stubble processing device 4 and a fertilizing device 5 in the horizontal direction, when the corns are harvested in summer and the rice is planted on the same piece of land, firstly ploughing and removing the stubbles on the land, and moving the equipment to one side of the transplanting device 2, at the moment, the control device controls the transplanting device 2 not to work and the ploughing device 3 to start working, the ploughing device 3 is utilized to simultaneously complete the removal and ploughing of the corn stubbles, and then the shoveled stubbles are recycled through the stubble processing device 4 and act on the land again as fertilizer; then, fertilizing the soil, moving the equipment to one side of the fertilizing device 5, loading the required fertilizer in the fertilizing device 5, applying base fertilizer to the soil, starting the working of the ploughing device 3 positioned at the moving rear side of the fertilizing device 5 again, adjusting the ploughing depth, fusing the fertilizer sprayed by the fertilizing device 5 with the soil along with the movement of the machine body 1, completing the fertilizing work, and reducing the loss of the fertilizer; if the rice transplanting operation is carried out before the rice transplanting, other devices can be completely collected, and only the fertilizing device 5 is reserved for applying surface fertilizer to the land; and finally, transplanting rice, namely moving the equipment to one side of the fertilizing device 5, firstly ensuring that the ploughing device 3 is folded by the control device and is in a standby mode, controlling the rice transplanting device 2 to start a working mode by the control device at the moment, loading rice seedlings on the rice transplanting device 2, and completing rice transplanting along with the movement of the equipment.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: the control device can ensure that the transplanting device 2 and the tilling device 3 cannot work simultaneously, prevent the tilling device 3 from being opened by mistake to hinder the transplanting work when transplanting, and the fertilizing device 5 and the tilling device 3 work simultaneously, so that soil is fully compatible with fertilizer when applying base fertilizer to the soil, thereby reducing fertilizer loss.

In one embodiment, the rice transplanting device 2 comprises: the seedling transplanting machine comprises a seedling conveying box 210 and a transplanting mechanism 220, wherein one end of the seedling conveying box 210 is rotatably connected with the machine body 1, one end of the transplanting mechanism 220 is connected with the machine body 1, the other end of the transplanting mechanism 220 is provided with a transplanting manipulator 221, and the other end of the seedling conveying box 210 is selectively clamped with one end, close to the transplanting manipulator 221, of the transplanting mechanism 220.

The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the seedling conveying box 210 is used for placing and conveying seedlings, when the seedling transplanting device 2 is in a standby mode, the seedling conveying box 210 is in a horizontal position and cannot be matched with the seedling transplanting mechanism 220 to complete work, when the seedling conveying box 210 is in a working mode, one end of the seedling conveying box is rotatably connected with the machine body 1, the other end of the seedling conveying box is enabled to rotate downwards to be clamped with the seedling transplanting mechanism 220, at the moment, the seedling transplanting manipulator 221 is triggered and started through clamping of the seedling conveying box 210 and matched with the seedling conveying box, through cyclic work of the seedling transplanting manipulator 221 and movement of equipment, rice seedlings are evenly planted, and the seedling transplanting work is completed.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of the structure, the seedling conveying box 210 and the transplanting mechanism 220 are of a split structure, one end of the seedling conveying box 210 is matched with the clamping of the transplanting mechanism 220, the transplanting manipulator 221 can be triggered to start working for transplanting, the seedling transplanting device 2 is prevented from being mistakenly opened when the equipment performs other work, and the normal operation of the equipment and the work of each device are ensured not to conflict.

In one embodiment, the tilling device 3 includes: a driving shaft 310, a first driving rod 320, a connecting rod 330, a second driving rod 340 and a root shovel 350, wherein the first driving rod 320 is arranged on the machine body 1 and can drive the driving shaft 310 arranged at the bottom end of the first driving rod to do linear reciprocating motion up and down, the second driving rod 340 is arranged on one side, away from the seedling transplanting device 2, of the first driving rod 320, the second driving rod 340 is connected with the first driving rod 320 through the connecting rod 330, the first driving rod 320 can drive the second driving rod 340 to do linear reciprocating motion up and down, and the second driving rod 340 can drive the root shovel 350 to do linear reciprocating motion up and down; the outside of the drive shaft 310 is provided with a plurality of L-shaped cutter bar groups 360 along the axial direction thereof.

The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the top ends of the first driving rod 320 and the second driving rod 340 are both provided with driving ends, the driving ends can respectively control the first driving rod 320 and the second driving rod 340 to do up-and-down linear reciprocating motion, the first driving rod 320 is connected with the driving end of the second driving rod 340 through the connecting rod 330, namely, the first driving rod 320 can drive the second driving rod 340 to integrally move through the connecting rod 330, meanwhile, the second driving rod 340 can adjust the extension length of the second driving rod 340 through the driving end arranged at the top end, the driving shaft 310 rotates in the working process to drive the plurality of L-shaped digging rod sets 360 uniformly distributed along the axial direction to rotate and act on the land so as to complete the work of ploughing or removing stubbles, the depth of the root shovel 350 inserted into the land can be adjusted by adjusting the extension length of the second driving rod 340, the bottom surface of the root shovel 350 can be provided with a plough head for ploughing, the stubbles can be shoveled at the same time of ploughing and transferred to the root stubbles processing device 4, and the end part of the root shovel 350 is a tip and is a hollow arrangement; the control device also comprises a detector, the detector is used for judging whether the tillage device 3 is in a working mode or not when the mode of the equipment is switched, and controlling whether the transplanting device 2 can be started or not through the control device, when the detector detects that the first driving rod 320 and the second driving rod 340 are both in a contraction state, namely the root shovel 350 and the L-shaped digging rod group 360 are both completely retracted into the machine body 1, the tillage device 3 is locked through the control device, and then the transplanting device 2 can be controlled to be started to be in the working mode; if the detector detects that the first driving rod 320 and the second driving rod 340 are both in the extension state, that is, the root shovel 350 or the L-shaped digging rod group 360 is in the working state, the ploughing device 3 is locked by the control device, and the rice transplanting device 2 is controlled not to be started.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, can adjust the L shape respectively through first actuating lever 320 and second actuating lever 340 and dig the degree of depth that pole group 360 and root shovel 350 inserted soil, still can take in both to organism 1 in simultaneously, do not influence other device work, can lock ploughing device 3 through controlling means, when guaranteeing its normal work, the phenomenon that the mistake was opened appears when also guaranteeing it is out of work, and when changing ploughing device 3's mode, all need at first to remove ploughing device 3's locking through controlling means, the normal operating of equipment has further been guaranteed, the security of equipment usage has been strengthened.

In one embodiment, the stubble processing apparatus 4 comprises: a first treatment tank 410 and a second treatment tank 420, the first treatment tank 410 being disposed on a side close to the tilling device 3, the second treatment tank 420 being disposed inside the fertilizing device 5; first case 410 of handling is close to the bottom of root shovel 350 one side is equipped with the root import, first case 410 of handling is close to one side of second case 420 is equipped with the root export, the root export with the second case 420 intercommunication of handling, the inside of second case 420 just is located the below of root import is equipped with crushing mechanism 421.

The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the ploughing device 3 shovels the stubbles through the root shovel 350, then enters the first treatment box 410 from the stubbles inlet, then transfers the stubbles from the stubbles outlet to the second treatment box 420 through the first treatment box 410, the stubbles fall above the crushing mechanism 421, the stubbles can be crushed through the crushing mechanism 421, meanwhile, soil blocks at the roots can also be crushed, and then the stubbles are discharged to the soil from the lower part of the fertilizing device 5.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, when digging out the root stubble, it can in time enter into in the root stubble processing apparatus 4 and handle it to can act on the soil again as fertilizer through grinding down mechanism 421 with the root stubble, make full use of resource again when having improved production efficiency, and set up the inside at fertilizer injection unit 5 with second processing case 420, saved the volume of equipment.

In one embodiment, the first treatment box 410 is provided with conveying wheels 411 at the top end and the bottom end, the conveying wheels 411 at the top end are connected with a first driving device, the two conveying wheels 411 are connected through a belt 412, a plurality of conveying shovels 413 are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the belt 412, one side, close to the belt 412, of each conveying shovel 413 is provided with an elastic connecting plate 414, the connecting plate 414 abuts against the outer side of the belt 412, a sieve plate 415 is arranged at the inner bottom of the first treatment box 410, the sieve plate 415 is slidably connected with the bottom of the first treatment box 410 through a first limiting rod 416, a first spring 417 is arranged below the sieve plate 415, an annular fixing plate 418 is arranged in the middle of the first treatment box 410, and a plurality of telescopic mechanisms 419 are arranged on the annular fixing plate 418;

the telescoping mechanism 419 includes: the middle part of the trapezoidal limiting block 4191 is in threaded connection with an adjusting rod 4192, sliding rods 4193 are arranged on two sides of the trapezoidal limiting block 4191, the sliding rods 4193 penetrate through the annular fixing plate 418, the other end of each sliding rod 4193 is connected with a rotating wheel 4194, and the rotating wheels 4194 abut against the belt 412.

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the stubbles enter the first processing box 410 through a stubbles inlet and are arranged on the screen plate 415, the screen plate 415 is provided with a plurality of through holes, the top surface of the screen plate 415 is arranged in an arc shape, the side wall and the bottom of the first processing box 410 below the screen plate 415 are both arranged in a hollow shape, the through holes can discharge soil carried on the stubbles to prevent the soil from accumulating on the screen plate 415, the first driving device drives the conveying wheel 411 at the top to rotate, then the belt 412 drives the conveying wheel 411 at the bottom to rotate, the belt 413 rotates to drive the conveying shovel to circularly move, the stubbles on the screen plate 415 at the bottom of the first processing box 410 are shoveled, the screen plate 415 is elastically connected with the bottom of the first processing box 410, therefore, the conveying shovel 413 is in elastic contact with the screen plate 415 to shovel the stubbles completely, the conveying shovel 413 is connected with the belt 412 through an elastic connecting plate 414, and the end of the conveying shovel 413 is ensured to be elastically contacted with the inner wall of the first processing box 410, the conveying shovel 413 is prevented from being blocked with the side wall of the first processing box 410 when the conveying shovel 413 rotates circularly, so that the device cannot operate normally, the conveying shovel 413 is also arranged in a hollow mode, soil on stubbles can fall down in the conveying process of the stubbles and is discharged through a through hole in the screen plate 415, the ladder-shaped limiting block 4191 can be enabled to outwards push the sliding rod 4193 through the arranged telescopic mechanism 419 by rotating the adjusting rod 4192, the sliding rod 4193 penetrates through the annular fixing plate 418 and is abutted against the belt 412 through the rotating wheel 4194, the tension of the belt 412 is increased, meanwhile, the conveying shovel 413 can be ensured to be in contact with the side wall of the first processing box 410, the stubbles are prevented from falling, ineffective conveying is carried out, in case that the conveying shovel 413 and the first processing box 410 are blocked by foreign matters due to improper use, the device can be stopped temporarily, the ladder-shaped limiting block 4191 is enabled to move by rotating the adjusting rod 4192, the slide bar 4193 is movable inward, and the rotary wheel 4194 is brought out of contact with the belt 412, and at this time, a gap is formed between the transport shovel 413 and the side wall of the first processing tank 410, and the foreign matter can be taken out; the distance between the belt 412 and the first treatment tank 410 can be adjusted at any time by the telescopic mechanism 419, so that the use is convenient.

In one embodiment, the control device comprises: the locking mechanism 6 and the driving mechanism 7 are arranged on the machine body 1, the first driving rod 320 arranged on the ploughing device 3 penetrates through the locking mechanism 6, and the driving mechanism 7 comprises: a first gear 710, a rack 720 and a second gear 730, wherein a seedling conveying box 210 is arranged on the seedling transplanting device 2, the first gear 710 is arranged on a connecting shaft for rotationally connecting the seedling conveying box 210 with the machine body 1, the rack 720 which is horizontally arranged is engaged and connected above the first gear 710, the rack 720 is slidably connected with the machine body 1, the second gear 730 is arranged at the end part of the rack 720 far away from the first gear 710, the first gear 710 is connected with a second driving device arranged on the machine body 1, and the second gear 730 is connected with a third driving device arranged on the machine body 1; the two sides of the locking mechanism 6 are symmetrically provided with a third gear 8 and a fourth gear 9 which are connected with the locking mechanism, the third gear 8 and the fourth gear 9 can synchronously rotate through chain connection, and the third gear 8 which is in meshed connection with the second gear 730 is arranged below the second gear.

The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the control device also comprises a controller for controlling the working state of the equipment so as to complete various operations by matching with the equipment, when the equipment does not work and is positioned in an initial state, the seedling conveying box 210 is in an inclined state, namely, the outer ends of the transplanting mechanism 220 connected with the machine body 1 and the seedling conveying box 210 are in a clamping state, at the moment, a first gear 710 arranged at the part where the seedling conveying box 210 is rotatably connected with the machine body 1 is meshed with a rack 720, a second gear 730 arranged at the other end of the rack 720 is disengaged from a third gear 8, and the locking mechanism 6 locks a first driving rod 320 arranged through the locking mechanism, at the moment, the first driving rod 320 and the second driving rod 340 are both completely contracted; if the equipment is in an initial state and the transplanting device 2 is needed to be used, the transplanting device 2 can be started to work directly; when the tillage device 3 is used, the operation sequence of the equipment is as follows: the second driving device is started to drive the first gear 710 to rotate, then the seedling conveying box 210 is driven to rotate to a horizontal state, and simultaneously the rack 720 meshed with the first gear 710 is driven to move to one side close to the third gear 8 until the second gear 730 is meshed with the third gear 8, after the two are meshed, the third driving device is started to drive the second gear 730 to rotate, so as to drive the third gear 8 and the fourth gear 9 to synchronously rotate, so that the locking mechanism 6 releases the locking of the second driving device, after the locking is released, the first driving rod 320 moves downwards to a specified position under the action of the driving end thereof, meanwhile, the connecting rod 330 drives the second driving rod 340 and the driving end thereon to move downwards, then the third driving device is started to lock the position of the first driving rod 320 again through the locking mechanism 6, at the moment, the driving end of the second driving rod 340 can be used for telescopic adjustment, and finally, the tillage operation can be started; fertilizing is carried out after the tillage operation is finished, and the second driving rod 340 is folded during fertilizing so as to fold the root shovel 350 for fertilizing; transplanting rice seedlings after fertilization is completed, and the action sequence of the equipment at the moment is as follows: the third driving device is started to unlock the first driving rod 320 through the locking mechanism 6, the first driving rod 320 moves upwards under the action of the driving end of the first driving rod 320 to be completely folded, meanwhile, the connecting rod 330 drives the second driving rod 340 and the driving end on the second driving rod to move upwards, then, the third driving device is started to lock the position of the first driving rod 320 through the locking mechanism 6, then, the second driving device is started to drive the first gear 710 to rotate, the first gear 710 drives the rack 720 and the second gear 730 to be far away from the third gear 8, so that the second gear 730 and the third gear 8 are disengaged, meanwhile, the end part of the seedling conveying box 210 is clamped with the seedling transplanting mechanism 220, the seedling transplanting manipulator 221 is triggered to be in a ready-to-work state at any time, and at this time, the seedling transplanting operation can be carried out.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of the structure, the action sequence of the equipment can be controlled by the control device and the controller when the working modes are switched, so that the seedling transplanting device 2 and the ploughing device 3 cannot be started to work simultaneously, the first driving rod 320 can be locked at any time by the locking mechanism 6, the locking mechanism 6 can be started only when the second gear 730 is meshed with the third gear 8, and when the seedling transplanting device 2 works, the second gear 730 must be disengaged from the third gear 8, and the locking mechanism 6 is in a locking state on the first driving rod 320 at the moment, so that the ploughing device 3 is prevented from being started by mistake, and the safety guarantee is brought to the work when the seedlings are transplanted; and when the tillage device 3 works, the seedling planting device 2 is in a split state and cannot work, the problem of mistaken opening is avoided, the phenomenon that the seedling planting manipulator 221 is damaged due to work during tillage is prevented, and normal use of equipment is guaranteed.

In one embodiment, the locking mechanism 6 comprises: the driving device comprises an outer shell 610 and an inner shell 620, wherein the first driving rod 320 penetrates through the inner shell 620, fifth gears 630 respectively meshed with the third gear 8 and the fourth gear 9 are arranged on two sides of the outer shell 610, a threaded rod 640 is coaxially arranged on one side of each fifth gear 630, each threaded rod 640 penetrates through the outer shell 610 and is rotatably connected with the inner shell 620, a threaded cylinder 650 is sleeved on the outer side of each threaded rod 640, transmission rods 660 are symmetrically hinged to two sides of each threaded cylinder 650, and the other end of each transmission rod 660 is connected with a sixth gear 670 rotatably connected with the outer shell 610; abutting plates 680 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the axis of the threaded rod 640, two limiting columns 690 are arranged on one side, close to the inner housing 620, of each abutting plate 680, each limiting column 690 can pass through the inner housing 620, toothed plates 6100 are connected to two ends of each abutting plate 680, the toothed plates 6100 are meshed with the sixth gear 670, one end, close to the outer housing 610, of each toothed plate 6100 is inserted into the outer housing 610, and a second spring 6110 is connected between the outer housing 610 and the end of each toothed plate 6100;

a movable sleeve bar 6120 is sleeved on the outer sides of the two limiting columns 690, sleeves 6130 sleeved with the limiting columns 690 are symmetrically arranged on the movable sleeve bar 6120, a third spring 6140 is arranged between the sleeves 6130 and the abutting plate 680, the third spring 6140 is sleeved on the outer sides of the limiting columns 690, two sliding blocks 6150 are slidably connected between the two sleeves 6130 on the movable sleeve bar 6120, a fourth spring 6160 is connected between each sliding block 6150 and the adjacent sleeve 6130, the fourth spring 6160 is sleeved on the outer side of the movable sleeve bar 6120, one side, close to the inner shell 620, of each sliding block 6150 is hinged with a hinge bar 6170, and the other end of each hinge bar 6170 is hinged with one side of the inner shell 620;

one side of sixth gear 670 be equipped with the corresponding recess of tip of transfer line 660, the bottom of recess is equipped with the inserted bar, the tip of transfer line 660 be equipped with the corresponding slot of inserted bar, the inserted bar with connect through fifth spring 6180 between the slot.

The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the side of first actuating lever 320 is equipped with a plurality of holes that correspond with spacing post 690, when locking first actuating lever 320, third gear 8 and fourth gear 9 rotate in step, drive the fifth gear 630 rotation of both sides simultaneously, fifth gear 630 rotates and drives threaded rod 640 and rotate, threaded rod 640 rotates and drives threaded cylinder 650 and move to one side of inner housing 620, it moves to drive transfer line 660, the other end of transfer line 660 begins to rotate, and then drive sixth gear 670 all to the inside rotation, and the pinion rack 6100 with the meshing of sixth gear 670 drives butt joint board 680 and moves to being close to inner housing 620, spacing post 690 passes inner housing 620 and first actuating lever 320 locking simultaneously.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: through the design of above-mentioned structure, when the L shape is dug the pole group 360 and is carried out the operation, first actuating lever 320 is locked by locking mechanical system 6, can guarantee its normal work, the lateral wall and the interior casing 620 butt of first actuating lever 320 simultaneously, when first actuating lever 320 atress produced vibrations, its vibrations transmit to interior casing 620, interior casing 620 transmits vibrations to slider 6150 through hinge bar 6170 on, and the fourth spring 6160 who is connected with slider 6150 can absorb partial vibrations effect, and the vibrations that transmit to on the movable loop bar 6120 are absorbed through third spring 6140, the vibrations that transmit to on the pinion rack 6100 are absorbed through second spring 6110, the vibrations that transmit to on sixth gear 670 and transfer pole 660 are absorbed through fifth spring 610, so as to reduce vibrations and transmit to the organism 1 inside, the stable work of device in the protection equipment, noise reduction.

In one embodiment, a feeding hole is arranged above the fertilizing device 5, a discharging hole is arranged below the fertilizing device 5, and a stirring chamber is arranged inside the fertilizing device 5.

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: make fertilizer pour into to fertilizer injection unit 5 inside through the feed inlet, then carry out intensive mixing in the agitator chamber, make fertilizer more even, the fertilizer that has stirred is through the even soil of spilling down of discharge gate again.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises a detecting device for detecting the deformation of the driving shaft 310 in the vertical direction, which comprises the following steps:

step A1, measuring the top surface of the driving shaft 310 at a certain timeThe distance value P between the ith detection point on the jth measurement region and the horizontal reference plane _ij ；

Step A2, calculating a deformation τ of the driving shaft 310 in the vertical direction by the following formula:

wherein, w _ij A weight value of an ith detection point on a jth measurement area on the top surface of the driving shaft 310, n is the number of detection points on each detection area, and m is the number of detection areas, i =1,2, \8230 \ 8230;, n, j =1,2, \8230;, m;

step A3, calculating the obtained deformation amount tau and the preset deformation amount tau ₀ Comparing if tau is less than tau ₀ The drive shaft 310 meets the use criteria if τ>τ ₀ Then the drive shaft 310 does not meet the use criteria.

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: dividing the bottom surface to be detected of the driving shaft 310 into a plurality of measuring areas, randomly selecting a plurality of detecting points in each measuring area, respectively measuring the distance from the detecting points to the horizontal reference surface, then calculating the average value of the distance of each measuring area by using the formula, and then obtaining the deformation tau of the driving shaft 310 in the vertical direction by processing the average value, wherein the smaller the deformation value is, the smaller the deformation degree is, and a reference standard can be set for the deformation according to the use condition of the driving shaft 310, and the measured deformation and the preset deformation tau are compared ₀ Comparing to obtain whether the driving shaft 310 meets the use standard; because the distance between the driving shaft 310 and the horizontal ground is changed along with the deformation of the driving shaft 310 if the deformation of the driving shaft 310 in the vertical direction is too large, when the tillage and stubble removal operations are performed, the depth of each L-shaped digging rod group 360 extending into the ground is changed, which easily results in that the stubble removal operation cannot be effectively performed in a large area, i.e. some digging rods are too deep and are stressed too much, some digging rods are too shallow, which results in that the stubble cannot be effectively dug out,and the deformation of the driving shaft 310 can also cause the uneven stress of the driving shaft, so that the L-shaped digging rod group 360 is easy to break under stress, therefore, by adopting the detection device, the deformation of the driving shaft 310 can be detected at any time, the influence on the use caused by the overlarge deformation of the driving shaft 310 is prevented, and the use safety and the production efficiency of the equipment are further ensured.

In one embodiment, the L-shaped digging bar group 360 comprises a plurality of L-shaped digging bars evenly distributed along the circumference of the driving shaft 310, and the moving speed of the machine body 1 and the rotating speed of the driving shaft 310 satisfy the following formula when the tillage stubble removing work is performed:

wherein theta is the angular displacement of the L-shaped digging rod rotating to the position of the L-shaped digging rod adjacent to the L-shaped digging rod, pi is a mathematical constant, n is _f Rotational speed of the drive shaft 310, d _g Is the average value of the distance between two adjacent stubbles, v is the moving speed of the machine body 1, and epsilon is a natural number except 0.

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the L-shaped digging rods are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the driving shaft 310, in order to ensure that each L-shaped digging rod can fully play the role, the moving speed of the equipment and the rotating speed of the driving shaft 310 meet the formula, because the spacing between corns is constant when the corns are planted, the spacing between adjacent stubbles is also constant, the number of the L-shaped digging rods is constant, for example, four L-shaped digging rods are uniformly distributed, the angular displacement of one L-shaped digging rod to the position where the L-shaped digging rod is adjacent to the L-shaped digging rod, namely the included angle of the adjacent L-shaped digging rod, is also constant, epsilon is a natural number except 0, namely the product of the epsilon and theta, when the driving shaft 310 is moved from one stubble to another stubble, when the number of the L-shaped digging rods is set to be 1, for example, the L-shaped digging rods are four, the equipment starts to move, the L-shaped digging rod positioned at the lower part moves to be close to the first row of stubbles, the driving shaft 310 rotates at the moment, the L-shaped digging rods simultaneously dig up the first row of stubbles along with the movement of the equipment, the driving shaft 310 rotates the L-shaped digging rod initially positioned at the right side to the lower part, and the driving shaft 310 moves to the upper part of the second row of stubbles, so that the multiple rows of stubbles are dug up in a circulating way, the method can reduce the workload of the driving shaft 310, the plowshare arranged at the bottom surface of the root shovel 350 is mainly used for plowing at the moment, the utilization rate of the L-shaped digging rods can be maximized, the equipment can move more quickly, the moving resistance of the equipment is reduced, and the efficiency is improved; of course, the value of epsilon can be set according to actual requirements, so that the L-shaped digging rod can complete the operations of ploughing and removing stubble simultaneously, and the use is flexible.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-function agricultural mechanical apparatus, comprising: the rice seedling planting machine comprises a machine body (1), wherein a rice seedling transplanting device (2), a ploughing device (3), a root stubble processing device (4) and a fertilizing device (5) are sequentially arranged on the machine body (1), and a control device for controlling the rice seedling transplanting device (2) and the ploughing device (3) to work at different times is arranged between the two devices;

the control device includes: set up locking mechanical system (6) and actuating mechanism (7) on organism (1), the first actuating lever (320) that is equipped with on arable land device (3) run through locking mechanical system (6) set up, actuating mechanism (7) include: the rice seedling transplanting device comprises a first gear (710), a rack (720) and a second gear (730), wherein a rice seedling conveying box (210) is arranged on the rice seedling transplanting device (2), a connecting shaft for rotationally connecting the rice seedling conveying box (210) and the machine body (1) is provided with the first gear (710), the rack (720) which is horizontally arranged is meshed and connected above the first gear (710), the rack (720) is slidably connected with the machine body (1), the end part of the rack (720) far away from the first gear (710) is provided with the second gear (730), the first gear (710) is connected with a second driving device arranged on the machine body (1), and the second gear (730) is connected with a third driving device arranged on the machine body (1); third gear (8) and fourth gear (9) rather than being connected are equipped with to locking mechanical system's (6) bilateral symmetry, third gear (8) with fourth gear (9) accessible chain connection synchronous rotation, the below of second gear (730) is equipped with rather than meshing connection third gear (8).

2. A multi-function agricultural mechanical apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transplanting device (2) comprises: seedling delivery box (210) and transplanting mechanism (220), the one end of seedling delivery box (210) with organism (1) rotates to be connected, the one end of transplanting mechanism (220) with organism (1) is connected, and the other end is provided with transplanting manipulator (221), the other end selectivity of seedling delivery box (210) with transplanting mechanism (220) is close to the one end joint of transplanting manipulator (221).

3. A multifunctional agricultural mechanical apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the tilling device (3) comprises: the rice seedling transplanting machine comprises a driving shaft (310), a first driving rod (320), a connecting rod (330), a second driving rod (340) and a root shovel (350), wherein the first driving rod (320) is arranged on the machine body (1) and can drive the driving shaft (310) arranged at the bottom end of the first driving rod to do up-and-down linear reciprocating motion, the second driving rod (340) is arranged on one side, away from the rice seedling transplanting device (2), of the first driving rod (320), the second driving rod (340) is connected with the first driving rod (320) through the connecting rod (330), the first driving rod (320) can drive the second driving rod (340) to do up-and-down linear reciprocating motion, and the second driving rod (340) can drive the root shovel (350) to do up-and-down motion; a plurality of L-shaped digging rod groups (360) are arranged on the outer side of the driving shaft (310) along the axial direction of the driving shaft.

4. A multi-function agricultural mechanical apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the stubble processing means (4) comprises: a first treatment tank (410) and a second treatment tank (420), the first treatment tank (410) being arranged on a side close to the tilling device (3), the second treatment tank (420) being arranged inside the fertilizing device (5); first processing case (410) are close to the bottom of root shovel (350) one side is equipped with the root import, first processing case (410) are close to one side that case (420) were handled to the second is equipped with the root export, the root export with case (420) intercommunication is handled to the second, the inside of case (420) is handled to the second and is located the below of root import is equipped with crushing mechanism (421).

5. The multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first treatment box (410) is internally provided with a conveying wheel (411) at the top end and a conveying wheel (411) at the bottom end, the conveying wheel (411) at the top end is connected with a first driving device, the two conveying wheels (411) are connected through a belt (412), a plurality of conveying shovels (413) are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the belt (412), one side, close to the belt (412), of each conveying shovel (413) is provided with an elastic connecting plate (414), the elastic connecting plate (414) is abutted against the outer side of the belt (412), a sieve plate (415) is arranged at the inner bottom of the first treatment box (410), the sieve plate (415) is slidably connected with the bottom of the first treatment box (410) through a first limiting rod (416), a first spring (417) is arranged below the sieve plate (415), an annular fixing plate (418) is arranged in the middle of the first treatment box (410), and a plurality of telescopic mechanisms (419) are arranged on the annular fixing plate (418);

the telescoping mechanism (419) comprises: the belt fixing device comprises a trapezoidal limiting block (4191), the middle part of the trapezoidal limiting block (4191) is in threaded connection with an adjusting rod (4192), sliding rods (4193) are arranged on two sides of the trapezoidal limiting block (4191), the sliding rods (4193) penetrate through the annular fixing plate (418), the other end of each sliding rod (4193) is connected with a rotating wheel (4194), and the rotating wheels (4194) are abutted to the belt (412).

6. A multi-function agricultural mechanical device according to claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism (6) comprises: the driving mechanism comprises an outer shell (610) and an inner shell (620), wherein a first driving rod (320) penetrates through the inner shell (620), fifth gears (630) which are respectively meshed with a third gear (8) and a fourth gear (9) are arranged on two sides of the outer shell (610), a threaded rod (640) is coaxially arranged on one side of each fifth gear (630), the threaded rod (640) penetrates through the outer shell (610) and is rotatably connected with the inner shell (620), a threaded cylinder (650) is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded rod (640), transmission rods (660) are symmetrically hinged on two sides of the threaded cylinder (650), and the other end of each transmission rod (660) is connected with a sixth gear (670) which is rotatably connected with the outer shell (610); abutting plates (680) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the axis of the threaded rod (640), two limiting columns (690) are arranged on one side, close to the inner shell (620), of each abutting plate (680), the limiting columns (690) can be arranged through the inner shell (620), toothed plates (6100) are connected to two ends of each abutting plate (680), each toothed plate (6100) is meshed with the sixth gear (670), one ends, close to the outer shell (610), of the toothed plates (6100) are inserted into the outer shell (610), and second springs (6110) are connected between the outer shell (610) and the end portions of the toothed plates (6100);

a movable sleeve rod (6120) is sleeved on the outer sides of the two limiting columns (690), sleeves (6130) sleeved with the limiting columns (690) are symmetrically arranged on the movable sleeve rods (6120), a third spring (6140) is arranged between each sleeve (6130) and the abutting plate (680), the third spring (6140) is sleeved on the outer sides of the limiting columns (690), two sliding blocks (6150) are slidably connected to the movable sleeve rods (6120) and located between the two sleeves (6130), a fourth spring (6160) is connected between each sliding block (6150) and the adjacent sleeve (6130), the fourth spring (6160) is sleeved on the outer side of each movable sleeve rod (6120), a hinge rod (6170) is hinged to one side, close to the inner shell (620), of each sliding block (6150), and the other end of each slide rod (6170) is hinged to one side of the inner shell (620);

one side of sixth gear (670) be equipped with the corresponding recess of tip of transfer line (660), the bottom of recess is equipped with the inserted bar, the tip of transfer line (660) be equipped with the corresponding slot of inserted bar, the inserted bar with connect through fifth spring (6180) between the slot.

7. A multifunctional agricultural mechanical equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the fertilizer application device (5) is provided with a feed inlet above and a discharge outlet below, and the fertilizer application device (5) is provided with a stirring chamber inside.

8. A multifunctional agricultural mechanical apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a detection device for detecting the deformation of the driving shaft (310) in the vertical direction, the specific steps are as follows:

a1, measuring the distance value P between the ith detection point and the horizontal reference surface on the jth measurement area of the top surface of the driving shaft (310) at a certain moment _ij ；

Step A2, calculating the deformation amount tau of the driving shaft (310) in the vertical direction through the following formula:

wherein w _ij A weight value of an ith detection point on a jth measurement area on the top surface of the driving shaft (310), n is the number of detection points on each detection area, m is the number of detection areas, i =1,2, \8230 \ 8230;, n, j =1,2, \8230;, m;

step A3, calculating the obtained deformation amount tau and the preset deformation amount tau ₀ Comparing if tau is less than tau ₀ Said drive shaft (310) meets a usage criterion if τ>τ ₀ The drive shaft (310) does not meet a usage criterion.

9. A multi-function agricultural mechanical apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the L-shaped digging bar group (360) comprises a plurality of L-shaped digging bars evenly distributed along the circumference of the driving shaft (310), and the moving speed of the machine body (1) and the rotating speed of the driving shaft (310) satisfy the following formula when performing the tillage stubble removing work:

wherein theta is the angular displacement of the L-shaped digging rod rotating to the position where the L-shaped digging rod adjacent to the L-shaped digging rod is located, pi is a mathematical constant, n is _f Rotational speed of the drive shaft (310), d _g Is the average value of the distance between two adjacent stubbles, v is the moving speed of the machine body (1), and epsilon is a natural number except 0.