CN113287394A

CN113287394A - Straw smashing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device

Info

Publication number: CN113287394A
Application number: CN202110760297.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭俊; 谭闯; 王霖芋; 李川平; 兰志岗; 史文宇; 樊玥辰; 周慧; 李转波
Original assignee: Yancheng Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Anhui Jingpeng Intellectual Property Service Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2021-07-06
Filing date: 2021-07-06
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-06
Also published as: CN113287394B

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw crushing, sowing and fertilizer stirring integrated device, which comprises a rack, a sowing mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a transmission, wherein the sowing mechanism is arranged on the rack; the transmission comprises a shell, a shifting clamp plate and a shifting rod, wherein the shell is fixedly arranged on a rack, an input shaft and an output shaft are respectively arranged on the shell in a penetrating mode, an eight-gear is sleeved on the input shaft, the blocking clamp plate is movably arranged on the output shaft, the shifting rod is connected with the shifting clamp plate, one end of the rack is provided with a ground wheel, a first bevel gear shaft is arranged on the ground wheel in a transmission mode, one end of the first bevel gear shaft is arranged with one end of the input shaft in a transmission mode, and a transmission part is arranged at the end part of the input shaft in a transmission mode; the seed metering ware transmission sets up the tip at the output shaft, and kind of earthing mechanism that falls includes seed falling pipe and earthing plate, and seed falling union coupling sets up in the seed metering ware below, and the fixed earthing plate that sets up on the seed falling pipe, the fixed furrow opener that sets up on the fertilizer falling pipe, furrow opener and earthing plate setting are on same water flat line. The invention saves time and labor and effectively avoids soil compaction.

Description

Straw smashing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural seeding, in particular to a straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device.

Background

China is a traditional agricultural big country, severe water shortage and drought exist in the north of China, grain planting is the supporting industry of farmers, the government takes agricultural production development as the primary task of increasing the income of farmers, various measures are taken, the traditional agriculture is promoted to be transformed to modernization, and new products, new technologies and new modes are applied to accelerate the growth pace of science and technology. A planting machine for a planter uses crop seeds as planting objects. Seeders for certain types or crops are often referred to by the name of the crop type, such as grain drill, corn hill planter, cotton planter, grass spreader, and the like. Before the operation, the operation can be carried out only by crushing the straws; during operation, the travelling wheels drive the seed sowing wheels to rotate, seeds are discharged into the seed conveying pipe from the seeds in the seed box according to the required sowing quantity, fall into the opened grooves through the furrow opener, and then are covered and compacted by the soil covering and compacting device.

At present, the seeder of general use, the organism structure is the ditching formula, and the disseminator adopts metal seed spoon structure and the drawback appears when leading to the seeding, the seed is knocked over easily to the metal seed dish, and simultaneously, it is main still to use the straw at present, weeds and residual film twine the furrow opener during the seeding, influence the seeding quality, the rate of emergence has been reduced, it is inhomogeneous to lead to the seeding, cause the broken ridge phenomenon, need mend the seedling, destroy and plough the rebroadcast even, cause the waste and the unnecessary economic loss of seed, and its seeding volume adjustable device of current precision planter is more complicated, and all be the seed and fall in the ditch that the furrow opener opened, carry out earthing process once more, whole process is more complicated.

The research of the prior art shows that the Chinese patent publication No. CN108738539B discloses a fertilizing and seeding machine capable of adjusting seeding quantity, which comprises a machine body, wherein the bottom of the machine body is fixedly connected with a furrow opener and an earth covering wheel respectively, the inner wall of the machine body is fixedly connected with a fixed block, the surface of the rotary disc is movably connected with the inner wall of a semicircular groove, the surface of a second disc is movably connected with a rotary disc, the front of the rotary disc is fixedly connected with a convex plate, and the side surface of the convex plate is fixedly connected with a handle. The patented technology suffers from the problems associated with it as described above.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an integrated device for crushing straws, sowing and stirring fertilizers.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device comprises a rack, a seeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a transmission;

the transmission comprises a shell, a shifting clamp plate and a shifting rod, wherein the shell is fixedly arranged on the rack, an input shaft and an output shaft are respectively arranged on the shell in a penetrating mode, an eight-gear is sleeved on the input shaft, the shifting clamp plate is arranged in the shell and can be movably arranged on the output shaft, the shifting rod is connected with the shifting clamp plate, a shifting clamp column is arranged on the shifting clamp plate, a shifting plate is fixedly arranged on the shell and provided with a shifting hole, the shifting clamp column is movably arranged in the shifting hole, the shifting plate penetrates through the shell, and one end of the shifting plate, which is arranged on the shell, corresponds to the eight-gear;

a roller wheel bracket is fixedly arranged at one end of the rack, the land wheel is arranged in the roller wheel bracket in a rolling manner, a first bevel gear shaft is arranged on the land wheel in a transmission manner, one end of the first bevel gear shaft is arranged in a transmission manner with one end of the input shaft, and a transmission part is arranged at the end part of the input shaft in a transmission manner;

the seeding mechanism comprises a seed box, a seed sowing device and a seed falling and covering mechanism, the seed sowing device is arranged at the end part of the output shaft in a transmission way, the seed box is connected and arranged above the seed sowing device, the seed falling and covering mechanism comprises a seed falling pipe and a covering plate, the seed falling pipe is connected and arranged below the seed sowing device, and the covering plate is fixedly arranged on the seed falling pipe;

the fertilizer applying mechanism comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer discharging shaft, the fertilizer box is fixedly arranged on the rack, the end part of the fertilizer discharging shaft is in transmission arrangement with the other end of the transmission part, a fertilizer discharging device is arranged on the fertilizer discharging shaft, a fertilizer discharging pipe is connected and arranged below the fertilizer discharging device, the other end of the fertilizer discharging pipe is connected and arranged with a fertilizer dropping pipe, a furrow opener is fixedly arranged on the fertilizer dropping pipe, and the furrow opener and the soil covering plate are arranged on the same horizontal line;

a fertilizer stirring shaft penetrates through the fertilizer box, the fertilizer stirring shaft is rotatably arranged in the fertilizer box, a third bevel gear shaft is arranged at the end part of the fertilizer stirring shaft in a transmission manner, a transmission half shaft is arranged at the other end of the third bevel gear shaft in a transmission manner, the transmission half shaft is rotatably arranged through a power mechanism, and a second bevel gear shaft is arranged at the other end of the transmission half shaft in a transmission manner;

the crushing mechanism comprises a fixed cutter and a movable cutter assembly, the movable cutter assembly is rotatably arranged on the rack through a second bevel gear shaft, the fixed cutter is fixedly arranged in the rack, and the fixed cutter and the movable cutter assembly are arranged in a staggered mode.

Preferably, a three-point suspension support is arranged on the machine frame, a three-point suspension mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the three-point suspension support, and the three-point suspension mechanism is arranged on the seeder.

Preferably, the power mechanism is arranged on the seeder, the transmission half shaft is fixedly provided with a gear assembly, the gear assembly is connected with a universal joint part, and the universal joint part is connected and arranged on the power mechanism.

Preferably, the gear assembly includes a support housing, an input bevel gear and a half-shaft bevel gear, the half-shaft bevel gear and the input bevel gear are respectively disposed in the support housing, two sides of the input bevel gear are respectively engaged with the half-shaft bevel gear, a rotating member is fixedly disposed on the input bevel gear, and the universal joint member and the rotating member are fixedly disposed.

Preferably, the derailleur still includes fixing bolt, fixing bolt is fixed to be set up in the shell, the cover is equipped with the elastic component on the fixing bolt, the elastic component corresponds the splint setting of shifting, be equipped with output gear and transmission gear in the splint of shifting, output gear with transmission gear intermeshing sets up, transmission gear with eight keep off gear intermeshing sets up.

Preferably, the output shaft penetrates through the output gear and the shifting clamping plate respectively, a spline piece is arranged at the end part of the output shaft, a bearing piece is sleeved at the end part of the output shaft, and a universal joint transmission piece is fixedly arranged on the spline piece.

Preferably, the seed metering device comprises a fixed disc, a seed metering disc and a cover disc, the seed metering disc is rotatably arranged in the fixed disc, a baffle is arranged between the fixed disc and the seed metering disc, a stop post is fixedly arranged on the baffle, a through groove and a groove are formed in the fixed disc, the baffle rotates to adjust the size of the groove, the stop post is arranged corresponding to the through groove along with the rotation of the baffle, a notch is circumferentially arranged on the seed metering disc, and the notch is arranged corresponding to the groove;

the fixed disk passes through bolt spare with the shell is connected the setting, run through on the fixed disk and set up the spline mouth, set up the universal joint driving medium on the spline spare, the universal joint driving medium is fixed to be set up in the spline mouth, the seed inlet has been seted up on the cover dish, the seed inlet corresponds seed metering dish setting, the seed outlet has been seted up on the fixed disk, the fixed seed metering pipe that sets up in seed metering ware below, the seed metering pipe corresponds the seed outlet setting.

Preferably, the derailleur is equipped with four, set up through power connecting axle transmission between the derailleur, it includes neutral gear draw-in groove and eight grades of draw-in grooves to keep off the mouth, eight keep off the draw-in groove and correspond eight keep off the gear setting, eight keep off the draw-in groove and be equipped with eight fender grooves, neutral gear draw-in groove and eight fender grooves are notch cuttype mechanism setting.

Preferably, the two sides of the land wheel are provided with empty bolts, the other ends of the empty bolts are connected to the roller wheel support, the empty bolts are connected through connecting rods, and damping springs are arranged between the connecting rods and the roller wheel support.

Preferably, the seed metering device and the speed changer are arranged at an inclined angle of 20 degrees.

Compared with the prior art, the straw smashing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device adopting the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

1. the straw crushing, sowing and fertilizer stirring integrated device can directly work on the soil without rotary tillage, the rotary tillage process is reduced, time is saved, the furrow opener only tills the partial area where the seeds grow, the surrounding soil is not tilled, the surrounding soil is solid, the seeds are not easy to be blown down by wind and rain after growing out, and the yield of crops is increased;

2. the straw mechanism is adopted, so that weeds in front of the device can be prevented from being accumulated, the crushed straws clean obstacles for subsequent ditching, fertilizing and sowing, the load of a tractor is reduced, the weeds can be cut, and fertilizers in the land are increased;

3. the invention adopts power connection to ensure no seed leakage; in the working process, when the land wheel fluctuates up and down due to the ground, the land wheel and the land wheel bracket rotate and jump around the empty bolt, and the vibration of the land wheel bracket is reduced to the minimum by the damping spring, so that the land wheel works stably; in order to prevent idle running of the land wheels due to too large ground fluctuation and seed leakage, the power connecting shafts are adopted to connect the input shafts of the four speed changers together, and the input shafts of the four speed changers can work as long as one land wheel rotates, so that the seed leakage is avoided;

4. the invention is provided with the speed changer, the speed changer is provided with the eight-gear blocking opening, the eight-gear and the seed sowing device, thereby realizing the adjustability of the hole pitch and the row pitch in a large range and meeting different requirements; in addition, the seed sowing device can enable the seeds to be well stressed and not to fall off easily in the seed sowing process;

5. the fertilizer applying mechanism is provided, and the fertilizer stirring shaft is arranged in the fertilizer applying mechanism, so that various fertilizers are uniformly mixed, different requirements are met, and the phenomenon of nonuniform accumulation of the fertilizers in the fertilizer box can be avoided in the fertilizer applying process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an integrated straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring device of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram II of an embodiment of the integrated straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring device in this embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a third schematic structural view of an embodiment of the integrated straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring device in this embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the shredder mechanism according to this embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizing mechanism in the present embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a sowing mechanism in the present embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a first schematic structural diagram of the transmission according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the transmission according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed metering device of this embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the seed meter of this embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a seed plate of the present embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a gear assembly according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed metering device of this embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a second schematic structural diagram of the transmission of the present embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a schematic front view of the shredder mechanism of this embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the transmission and the seed plate of the present embodiment.

Reference numerals: 1. a seed falling and soil covering mechanism; 101. a soil covering plate; 102. seed dropping; 2. a transmission member; 31. a first bevel gear shaft; 32. a second bevel gear shaft; 33. a third bevel gear shaft; 4. a land wheel; 5. a transmission; 51. a shift lever; 510. a universal joint transmission member; 5101. blocking the opening; 52. an input shaft; 53. a stop plate; 54. a gear clamping column; 55. fixing the bolt; 56. an output shaft; 561. a spline member; 57. a bearing member; 58. a housing; 59. a shift gate; 5910. an elastic member; 5911. an output gear; 5912. a transfer gear; 5913. an eight-gear; 6. a seed box; 7. a gear assembly; 701. a support housing; 702. an input bevel gear; 703. a half shaft bevel gear; 8. a fertilizer box; 9. a drive half shaft; 10. a frame; 11. a movable knife component; 12. a furrow opener; 1201. a fertilizer dropping pipe; 1202. a fertilizer discharging pipe; 1203. a fertilizer apparatus; 13. a universal joint member; 14. a three-point suspension bracket; 15. fixing a cutter; 16. a roller bracket; 1601. a damping spring; 1602. sleeving the bolt in an empty way; 17. a power connecting shaft; 18. a fertilizer discharging shaft; 19. a seed sowing device; 1901. a seed discharge pipe; 19010. fixing the disc; 19011. a groove; 1902. seed inlet; 1903. a through groove; 1904. a bolt member; 1905. a bumping post; 1906. a cover plate; 1907. a seed discharging tray; 19071. a notch; 19072. a spline port; 1908. discharging; 1909. a baffle plate; 20. and (5) stirring the fertilizer shaft.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an integrated device for straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring, fig. 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an integrated device for straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring, fig. 3 is a third structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an integrated device for straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring, the integrated device comprises a rack 10, a seeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a transmission 5, a three-point suspension bracket 14 is arranged on the rack 10, a three-point suspension mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the three-point suspension bracket 14, and the three-point suspension mechanism is arranged on the seeder.

One end of the frame 10 is fixedly provided with a roller bracket 16, a land wheel 4 is arranged in the roller bracket 16 in a rolling manner, a first bevel gear shaft 31 is arranged on the land wheel 4 in a transmission manner, one end of the first bevel gear shaft 31 is arranged in a transmission manner with one end of an input shaft 52, and a transmission piece 2 is arranged at the end part of the input shaft 52 in a transmission manner. The land wheel 4 both sides are equipped with empty set bolt 1602, and the setting is connected to roller bracket 16 to the empty set bolt 1602 other end, connects the setting through the connecting rod between empty set bolt 1602, sets up damping spring 1601 between connecting rod and the roller bracket 16.

Fig. 7 is a first structural schematic diagram of the transmission 5, fig. 14 is a second structural schematic diagram of the transmission 5, fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the inside of the transmission 5, fig. 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission 5 and the seed plate 1907, the transmission 5 includes a housing 58, a shift clamp 59 and a shift lever 51, the housing 58 is fixedly disposed on the frame 10, the housing 58 is respectively provided with an input shaft 52 and an output shaft 56, the input shaft 52 is sleeved with an eight-gear wheel 5913, the shift clamp 59 is disposed in the housing 58, the baffle 1909 is movably disposed on the output shaft 56, the shift lever 51 is connected with the shift clamp 59, the shift clamp 59 is provided with a gear clamp 54, the housing 58 is fixedly provided with a gear plate 53, the gear plate 53 is provided with a gear notch, the gear clamp 54 is movably disposed in the gear notch, the shift plate is disposed through the housing 58, and a shift plate is provided at one end of the housing 58 corresponding to the eighth gear 5913. The blocking opening 5101 comprises a neutral blocking groove and eight blocking grooves, the eight blocking grooves correspond to the eight-blocking gear 5913, the eight blocking grooves are provided with eight blocking grooves, and the neutral blocking groove and the eight blocking grooves are arranged in a step-shaped mechanism.

The transmission 5 further comprises a fixing bolt 55, the fixing bolt 55 is fixedly arranged in the housing 58, an elastic piece 5910 is sleeved on the fixing bolt 55, the elastic piece 5910 is arranged corresponding to the shifting clamp plate 59, an output gear 5911 and a transmission gear 5912 are arranged in the shifting clamp plate 59, the output gear 5911 and the transmission gear 5912 are arranged in a meshed mode, and the transmission gear 5912 and the eight-gear 5913 are arranged in a meshed mode. The output shaft 56 penetrates through the output gear 5911 and the shifting clamp plate 59, a spline member 561 is arranged at the end of the output shaft 56, a bearing member 57 is sleeved at the end of the output shaft 56, and a universal joint transmission member 510 is fixedly arranged on the spline member 561. In the embodiment, four speed changers 5 are provided, and the speed changers 5 are arranged in a transmission mode through power connecting shafts 17.

As shown in fig. 6, the sowing mechanism includes a seed box 6, a seed sowing device 19 and a seed dropping and covering mechanism 1, the seed sowing device 19 is arranged at the end of the output shaft 56 in a transmission manner, the seed box 6 is arranged above the seed sowing device 19 in a connection manner, the seed dropping and covering mechanism 1 includes a seed dropping tube 102 and a covering plate 101, the seed dropping tube 102 is arranged below the seed sowing device 19 in a connection manner, and the covering plate 101 is fixedly arranged on the seed dropping tube 102. The seed metering device 19 and the speed changer 5 are arranged at an inclined angle of 20 degrees, so that the seeds in the notch 19071 can be better stressed and are not easy to fall off in the seed metering process of the seed metering device 19.

As shown in fig. 5, the structural schematic diagram of the fertilizing mechanism, the fertilizing mechanism includes a fertilizer box 8 and a fertilizer discharging shaft 18, the fertilizer box 8 is fixedly disposed on the frame 10, the end of the fertilizer discharging shaft 18 is in transmission with the other end of the transmission member 2, a fertilizer discharging device 1203 is disposed on the fertilizer discharging shaft 18, a fertilizer discharging pipe 1202 is disposed below the fertilizer discharging device 1203 is connected, the other end of the fertilizer discharging pipe 1202 is connected with a fertilizer dropping pipe 1201, a furrow opener 12 is fixedly disposed on the fertilizer dropping pipe 1201, and the furrow opener 12 and the soil covering plate 101 are disposed on the same horizontal line.

A fertilizer stirring shaft 20 penetrates through the fertilizer box 8, the fertilizer stirring shaft 20 is rotatably arranged in the fertilizer box 8, a third bevel gear shaft 33 is arranged at the end part of the fertilizer stirring shaft 20 in a transmission manner, a transmission half shaft 9 is arranged at the other end of the third bevel gear shaft 33 in a transmission manner, the transmission half shaft 9 is rotatably arranged through a power mechanism, a second bevel gear shaft 32 is arranged at the other end of the transmission half shaft 9 in a transmission manner

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the seeding unit 19, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the inside of the seeding unit 19, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the seeding tray 1907, fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the seeding unit 19, the seeding unit 19 includes a fixed disk 19010, a seeding tray 1907 and a cover disk 1906, the seeding tray 1907 is rotatably disposed in the fixed disk 19010, a baffle 1909 is disposed between the fixed disk 19010 and the seeding tray 1907, a blocking column 1905 is fixedly disposed on the baffle 1909, a through slot 1903 and a groove 19011 are disposed on the fixed disk 19010, the size of the groove 19011 is adjusted by the rotation of the baffle 1909, the blocking column 1905 is disposed corresponding to the through slot 1903 along with the rotation of the baffle 1909, a notch 19071 is circumferentially disposed on the seeding tray 1907, and the notch 19071 is disposed corresponding to the groove 19011.

The fixed disk 19010 is connected with the housing 58 through a bolt piece 1904, a spline opening 19072 is arranged on the fixed disk 19010 in a penetrating manner, a universal joint transmission piece 510 is arranged on a spline piece 561, the universal joint transmission piece 510 is fixedly arranged in the spline opening 19072, a seed inlet 1902 is arranged on the cover disk 1906, the seed inlet 1902 is arranged corresponding to the seed metering disk 1907, a seed outlet 1908 is arranged on the fixed disk 19010, a seed metering tube 1901 is fixedly arranged below the seed metering device 19, and the seed metering tube 1901 is arranged corresponding to the seed outlet 1908.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing mechanism, and fig. 15 is a schematic front diagram of the crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism includes a fixed knife 15 and a movable knife assembly 11, the movable knife assembly 11 is rotatably disposed on the frame 10 through a second bevel gear shaft 32, the fixed knife 15 is fixedly disposed in the frame 10, and the fixed knife 15 and the movable knife assembly 11 are disposed in a staggered manner.

The power mechanism is arranged on the seeder, the gear assembly 7 is fixedly arranged on the transmission half shaft 9, the gear assembly 7 is connected with the universal joint piece 13, and the universal joint piece 13 is connected with the power mechanism. As shown in fig. 12, which is a schematic structural diagram of the gear assembly 7, the gear assembly 7 includes a support housing 701, an input bevel gear 702, and a half-shaft bevel gear 703, the half-shaft bevel gear 703 and the input bevel gear 702 are respectively disposed in the support housing 701, two sides of the input bevel gear 702 are respectively engaged with the half-shaft bevel gear 703, a rotating member is fixedly disposed on the input bevel gear 702, and the universal joint 13 and the rotating member are fixedly disposed.

When the seeder is used, the seeder transmits power to the universal joint piece 13 through the power mechanism, and then the power is transmitted through the gear assembly 7 connected to the universal joint piece 13. The universal joint piece 13 drives the input bevel gear 702 to be arranged in a transmission mode, the input bevel gear 702 is meshed with the half shaft bevel gear 703 to drive the transmission half shaft 9 to rotate, and then the second bevel gear shaft 32 drives the movable cutter assembly 11 to rotate. When the movable cutter assembly 11 starts to rotate, the movable cutter assembly 11 and the fixed cutters 15 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the travel shearing effect can be achieved, weeds in a working area are sheared, and the effects of preventing grass winding and smashing straws are achieved. The other end of the transmission half shaft 9 transmits power to the third bevel gear shaft 33, so that the fertilizer stirring shaft 20 is driven to rotate in the fertilizer box 8, and fertilizer is stirred, so that the fertilizer is uniform.

Simultaneously, the seeder moves ahead, land wheel 4 rolls along with the seeder moves ahead, the first bevel gear axle 31 of setting is connected to land wheel 4 one side, the transmission of input shaft 52 tip sets up in first bevel gear axle 31 other end and the derailleur 5, the transmission of the other side of input shaft 52 tip sets up driving medium 2, the transmission of the 2 other ends of driving medium drives the axle 18 of fertilizing rotatory, the axle 18 of fertilizing drives the rotation of fertilizer apparatus 1203, discharge the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 8, fertilizer falls to the pipe 1201 that falls to through the pipe 1202 of fertilizing, fall in the ditch of opening through furrow opener 12.

When the rotation of the first bevel gear shaft 31 drives the input shaft 52 to rotate, the eighth gear 5913 is fixedly disposed on the input shaft 52, and when the input shaft 52 rotates, the eight gears of the eighth gear 5913 are driven to rotate. The shift plate 59 is provided with a transmission gear 5912 and an output gear 5911, which are engaged with each other, and the shift plate 59 is pulled by the shift lever 51, when the shift lever 51 pulls the shift plate 59 outward.

Under the action of the spring force of the elastic piece 5910, the lower transmission gear 5912 of the shift clamp 59 is disengaged from the eight-gear 5913, at the moment, the power is cut off, and the seed sowing device 19 does not work; when the shift lever 51 pulls the shift clamp 59 to move left or right, the elastic member 5910 moves left or right on the fixing bolt 55, so that the gear clamping column 54 on the shift clamp 59 moves in the clamping groove on the gear plate 53 to determine the gear, eight gear grooves and one neutral clamping groove, and the shift lever 51 is released, so that the transmission gear 5912 is engaged with the eight-gear 5913 again under the spring force of the elastic member 5910.

The power is output to the seeding unit 19 through the universal joint transmission 510 again by the output shaft 56, the seeding unit 19 starts to work, eight gears of the eight-gear 5913 are different in size and are arranged from small to large, the gear meshed with the transmission gear 5912 is large, the rotating speed is low, the seed hole distance is large, otherwise, the seed hole distance is small, and therefore the seeding hole distance is controlled.

The seed inlet 1902 of the seed metering device 19 is connected with the seed box 6, and seeds fall on the seed metering device 19 under the action of gravity; the splined opening 19072 on the seed plate 1907 is splined to the splined member 561 of the transmission 5 via the universal joint transmission 510. When the output shaft 56 rotates, the seeding plate 1907 is inevitably driven to rotate, the seeding plate 1907 is provided with notches 19071, each notch 19071 can only contain one seed, and when the seeding plate 1907 rotates, the seeds in the cover plate 1906 are loaded into the notches 19071, so that the seeds and the seeding plate 1907 rotate together; when the seeds rotate to exceed the highest position, the seeds fall to the seed outlet 1908 through the groove 19011 under the action of gravity, and then fall to the ground with the ditches through the seed sowing pipe 1901 and the seed falling pipe 102.

Through grooves 1903 are formed in the fixed disc 19010, the baffle 1909 and the blocking columns 1905 are integrated, when the blocking columns 1905 fall into different through grooves 1903 respectively, the opening amount of the groove 19011 can be covered by the baffle 1909, so that the opening amount of the groove 19011 can be adjusted, when the opening amount is large, more seeds fall at one time, and when the opening amount is small, fewer seeds fall, and precision seeding is achieved; the earthing plate 101 pushes the excess soil on the two sides of the ditch back into the ditch again under the driving of the seeder, so as to play the earthing role.

The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a straw is smashed, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device which characterized in that: comprises a frame (10), a seeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a crushing mechanism and a transmission (5);

the transmission (5) comprises a shell (58), a shifting clamping plate (59) and a shifting rod (51), wherein the shell (58) is fixedly arranged on the rack (10), an input shaft (52) and an output shaft (56) are respectively arranged on the shell (58) in a penetrating mode, an eight-gear (5913) is sleeved on the input shaft (52), the shifting clamping plate (59) is arranged in the shell (58), a baffle plate (1909) is movably arranged on the output shaft (56), the shifting rod (51) is connected with the shifting clamping plate (59), a gear clamping column (54) is arranged on the shifting clamping plate (59), a gear plate (53) is fixedly arranged on the shell (58), a gear opening is formed in the gear plate (53), the gear clamping column (54) is movably arranged in the gear opening, and the shifting plate penetrates through the shell (58), the gear shifting plate is arranged at one end of the shell (58) and is arranged corresponding to the eight-gear (5913);

a roller support (16) is fixedly arranged at one end of the rack (10), the land wheel (4) is arranged in the roller support (16) in a rolling manner, a first bevel gear shaft (31) is arranged on the land wheel (4) in a transmission manner, one end of the first bevel gear shaft (31) is arranged with one end of the input shaft (52) in a transmission manner, and a transmission piece (2) is arranged at the end part of the input shaft (52) in a transmission manner;

the seeding mechanism comprises a seed box (6), a seed metering device (19) and a seed dropping and covering mechanism (1), the seed metering device (19) is arranged at the end part of the output shaft (56) in a transmission way, the seed box (6) is connected and arranged above the seed metering device (19), the seed dropping and covering mechanism (1) comprises a seed dropping pipe (102) and a covering plate (101), the seed dropping pipe (102) is connected and arranged below the seed metering device (19), and the covering plate (101) is fixedly arranged on the seed dropping pipe (102);

the fertilizing mechanism comprises a fertilizer box (8) and a fertilizer discharging shaft (18), the fertilizer box (8) is fixedly arranged on the rack (10), the end part of the fertilizer discharging shaft (18) is in transmission arrangement with the other end of the transmission part (2), a fertilizer discharging device (1203) is arranged on the fertilizer discharging shaft (18), a fertilizer discharging pipe (1202) is connected below the fertilizer discharging device (1203), a fertilizer dropping pipe (1201) is connected with the other end of the fertilizer discharging pipe (1202), a furrow opener (12) is fixedly arranged on the fertilizer dropping pipe (1201), and the furrow opener (12) and the earthing plate (101) are arranged on the same horizontal line;

a fertilizer stirring shaft (20) penetrates through the fertilizer box (8), the fertilizer stirring shaft (20) is rotatably arranged in the fertilizer box (8), a third bevel gear shaft (33) is arranged at the end part of the fertilizer stirring shaft (20) in a transmission manner, a transmission half shaft (9) is arranged at the other end of the third bevel gear shaft (33) in a transmission manner, the transmission half shaft (9) is rotatably arranged through a power mechanism, and a second bevel gear shaft (32) is arranged at the other end of the transmission half shaft (9) in a transmission manner;

the crushing mechanism comprises a fixed cutter (15) and a movable cutter component (11), the movable cutter component (11) is rotatably arranged on the rack (10) through a second bevel gear shaft (32), the fixed cutter (15) is fixedly arranged in the rack (10), and the fixed cutter (15) and the movable cutter component (11) are arranged in a staggered mode.

2. The straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seeder is characterized in that a three-point suspension support (14) is arranged on the rack (10), a three-point suspension mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the three-point suspension support (14), and the three-point suspension mechanism is arranged on the seeder.

3. The straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power mechanism is arranged on the seeder, the gear assembly (7) is fixedly arranged on the transmission half shaft (9), the gear assembly (7) is connected with a universal joint part (13), and the universal joint part (13) is connected and arranged on the power mechanism.

4. The straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the gear assembly (7) comprises a supporting shell (701), an input bevel gear (702) and a half-shaft bevel gear (703), the half-shaft bevel gear (703) and the input bevel gear (702) are respectively arranged in the supporting shell (701), two sides of the input bevel gear (702) are respectively meshed with the half-shaft bevel gear (703), a rotating piece is fixedly arranged on the input bevel gear (702), and the universal joint piece (13) and the rotating piece are fixedly arranged.

5. The straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transmission (5) further comprises a fixing bolt (55), the fixing bolt (55) is fixedly arranged in the shell (58), an elastic piece (5910) is sleeved on the fixing bolt (55), the elastic piece (5910) is arranged corresponding to the shifting clamp plate (59), an output gear (5911) and a transfer gear (5912) are arranged in the shifting clamp plate (59), the output gear (5911) and the transfer gear (5912) are arranged in a meshed mode, and the transfer gear (5912) and the eight-gear (5913) are arranged in a meshed mode.

6. The straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the output shaft (56) penetrates through the output gear (5911) and the gear shifting clamping plate (59) respectively, a spline piece (561) is arranged at the end portion of the output shaft (56), a bearing piece (57) is sleeved at the end portion of the output shaft (56), and a universal joint transmission piece (510) is fixedly arranged on the spline piece (561).

7. The straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the seeding unit (19) comprises a fixed disc (19010), a seeding disc (1907) and a cover disc (1906), the seeding disc (1907) is rotatably arranged in the fixed disc (19010), a baffle (1909) is arranged between the fixed disc (19010) and the seeding disc (1907), a baffle column (1905) is fixedly arranged on the baffle (1909), a through groove (1903) and a groove (19011) are formed in the fixed disc (19010), the baffle (1909) rotates to adjust the size of the groove (19011), the baffle column (1905) is arranged corresponding to the through groove (1903) along with the rotation of the baffle (1909), a notch (19071) is circumferentially arranged on the seeding disc (1907), and the notch (19071) is arranged corresponding to the groove (19011);

fixed disk (19010) through bolt spare (1904) with shell (58) are connected and are set up, run through on fixed disk (19010) and set up spline mouth (19072), set up universal joint driving medium (510) on spline spare (561), universal joint driving medium (510) are fixed to be set up in spline mouth (19072), it advances kind of a mouth (1902) to have seted up on lid dish (1906), it sets up to advance kind of a mouth (1902) corresponding seed metering dish (1907), a kind of a mouth (1908) has been seted up on fixed disk (19010), fixed seed metering pipe (1901) that sets up in seed metering ware (19) below, seed metering pipe (1901) correspond seed outlet (1908) setting.

8. The straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: derailleur (5) are equipped with four, set up through power connecting axle (17) transmission between derailleur (5), keep off mouthful (5101) including neutral gear draw-in groove and eight grades of draw-in grooves, eight keep off the draw-in groove and correspond eight keep off gear (5913) setting, eight keep off the draw-in groove and be equipped with eight fender grooves, the neutral gear draw-in groove is the notch cuttype mechanism setting with eight fender grooves.

9. The straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: land wheel (4) both sides are equipped with empty set bolt (1602), empty set bolt (1602) other end is connected and is set up to roller bracket (16), connect the setting through the connecting rod between empty set bolt (1602), the connecting rod with set up damping spring (1601) between roller bracket (16).

10. The straw crushing, seeding and fertilizer stirring integrated device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the seeding unit (19) and the speed changer (5) are arranged at an inclined angle of 20 degrees.