CN113248332A - Microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113248332A CN113248332A CN202110534288.0A CN202110534288A CN113248332A CN 113248332 A CN113248332 A CN 113248332A CN 202110534288 A CN202110534288 A CN 202110534288A CN 113248332 A CN113248332 A CN 113248332A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizer application, and particularly discloses a microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth and a preparation method thereof. The microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of lysine, 6-7 parts of methionine, 3-5 parts of organic selenium, 2-3 parts of nitrobacteria, 1-3 parts of radix scrophulariae extract, 75-80 parts of polysaccharide, 2-3 parts of soybean oligosaccharide and 3-4 parts of maltooligosaccharide. The invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials and simple preparation process, effectively improves the soil structure, increases the number and activity of effective microorganisms in soil, improves the soil enzyme content, is beneficial to the growth of potatoes, increases the yield, improves the quality and is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizer application, in particular to a microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The potato is the fourth crop in China, the planting area is second to that of wheat, rice and corn, the potato can be used as both vegetable and grain, the nutrition is rich, and the potato plays an important role in guaranteeing the grain supply and the agricultural economy in China. The conventional fertilizer proportion of the current potatoes is not scientific, the fertilizer cannot be well absorbed and utilized by crops in the using process, a large amount of inorganic fertilizer is used, the soil structure of the potato field is damaged, the fertilizing amount is increased year by year but the yield is not increased and inversely reduced, the improvement of the yield of the potatoes is limited, the economic benefit of farmers is finally influenced, and a series of ecological environment problems are brought.
The microbial fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer for short, is a fertilizer widely applied at the present stage, and contains a large amount of microbes, so that the microbial fertilizer has stronger degradation and conversion capability on substances such as soil minerals, organic matters and the like, the nutrient effectiveness is improved, and the performance of the microbial fertilizer is more and more accepted by the public.
At present, a microbial fertilizer which is applied to potato planting and has disease resistance and fertilizer efficiency increasing performance does not exist, so that the development of the microbial fertilizer is imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a microbial fertilizer which has dual purposes of pesticide and fertilizer, improves the yield and quality and promotes the growth of potatoes and a preparation method thereof in order to make up for the defects of the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-7 parts of lysine, 6-7 parts of methionine, 3-5 parts of organic selenium, 2-3 parts of nitrobacteria, 1-3 parts of radix scrophulariae extract, 75-80 parts of polysaccharide, 2-3 parts of soybean oligosaccharide and 3-4 parts of maltooligosaccharide.
The preferable proportion of the raw materials is as follows:
6 parts of lysine, 6.5 parts of methionine, 4 parts of organic selenium, 2.5 parts of nitrobacteria, 2 parts of figwort root extract, 78 parts of polysaccharide, 2.5 parts of soybean oligosaccharide and 3.5 parts of maltooligosaccharide
According to the growth habit of the potatoes, the invention is influenced by various internal and external factors, the microbial environment of the soil for planting the potatoes is improved, beneficial bacterium population systems are repaired, harmful bacterium groups and pest and disease damage systems are inhibited, the condition of nutrition microtubules of potato root systems is improved, and the requirement of absorbing nutrition is met.
In the raw materials, lysine is one of essential amino acids for human body, can promote human development, enhance immunologic function, and has the function of improving central nervous tissue function, and is basic essential amino acid;
methionine, also known as methionine, is an important component in the synthesis of proteins. It has protective effect on cardiac muscle, and also has antidepressant effect, and can generate taurine with very obvious blood pressure lowering effect by sulfur transfer;
the organic selenium generally exists in the form of selenomethionine, is metabolized along a methionine metabolic pathway, participates in protein synthesis, is easy to store and absorb in tissues, can be quickly utilized by a human body after being absorbed by the human body, and effectively improves the blood selenium condition in the human body;
nitrifying bacteria are aerobic bacteria which can grow in aerobic water or gravel and play an important role in the purification process of nitrogen cycle water. They include a bacillus, a coccus and a helix type bacterium of a morphologically diverse type, belonging to the class of absolutely autotrophic microorganisms, comprising two completely different metabolic groups;
the radix scrophulariae extract is extract of radix scrophulariae belonging to Scrophulariaceae, and has effects of clearing heat, cooling blood, removing toxic substance, resolving hard mass, relieving sore throat, and nourishing yin;
the polysaccharide is not a pure chemical substance, but a mixture of substances with different polymerization degrees, is generally insoluble in water, has no sweet taste, can not form crystals, and has no reducibility and despining phenomena;
preferably, the polysaccharide is one or more of chitin, inulin, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and aminopolysaccharide;
the soluble sugar in soybean oligosaccharide is a general term. The main components are sucrose (disaccharide) with monosaccharide number of 3-4, raffinose (trisaccharide), stachyose (tetrasaccharide) and the like, and the active substances can be used for reducing water activity and inhibiting microbial propagation and can also achieve the effects of preservation and moisture preservation;
the malto-oligosaccharide is a novel nutritive sweetener which is electrified by the action of specific malto-oligosaccharide enzyme on starch, has the functions of inhibiting the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria in intestinal tracts and has special physiological functions, and is a base material of functional food.
In the raw materials, nitrobacteria are taken as main objects, and other raw materials are matched with the reproductive environment of the nitrobacteria to provide energy and nutrient elements for the culture of the nitrobacteria, so that the microbial fertilizer with autonomous activity is finally obtained, the propagation of harmful floras in the planting soil is inhibited, beneficial floras are repaired, and the ecological environment of root system soil is improved.
The preparation method of the microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and crushing the raw materials, placing the mixture into a fermentation tank, adding water, uniformly stirring, and fermenting and aging for 21-25 days at 37-43 ℃;
(2) and spraying the fermented material to prepare powder to obtain the product.
Preferably, in the step (1), the raw materials are mixed and crushed and then screened by a 30-35-mesh sieve, deionized water is added into a fermentation tank for stirring, and the addition amount of the deionized water is 2.5-2.8 times of the total weight of the raw materials.
Preferably, in the step (2), the materials are sprayed at 60-70 ℃ to prepare powder
The invention adopts the extraction process of medium-temperature fermentation and medium-temperature milling, improves the soil and the microbial environment of the soil by the combined action of the effective components in the raw materials, is suitable for the planting and the growth of potatoes, effectively reduces the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, increases the yield and improves the quality.
The invention aims to improve the soil flora environment, so that the soil flora environment meets the growth requirements of potatoes, improves the potato planting soil, improves the soil granular structure, increases the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supply of the soil, and supplements soil nutrient elements, thereby promoting the growth and development of potato roots and greatly improving the yield and quality of the potatoes.
The invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials and simple preparation process, effectively improves the soil structure, increases the number and activity of effective microorganisms in soil, improves the soil enzyme content, is beneficial to the growth of potatoes, increases the yield, improves the quality and is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific examples to facilitate understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1: a microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5kg of lysine, 6kg of methionine, 3kg of organic selenium, 2kg of nitrobacteria, 1kg of radix scrophulariae extract, 75kg of polysaccharide, 2kg of soybean oligosaccharide and 3kg of maltooligosaccharide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and crushing the raw materials, sieving the crushed raw materials by a 30-mesh sieve, placing the mixture into a fermentation tank, adding deionized water, uniformly stirring, wherein the addition amount of the deionized water is 2.5 times of the total weight of the raw materials, and fermenting and aging for 25 days at 37 ℃;
(2) and spraying the fermented material at 60 ℃ to prepare powder to obtain the product.
Application test: 100g of the microbial fertilizer is taken, 10 kilograms of water is added for dissolving, the microbial fertilizer is placed in a sprayer, one mu of test field soil is directly sprayed, and then potato stem blocks for accelerating germination are planted on the soil according to a conventional mode; the comparative test is one mu potato field planted conventionally and applied with compound fertilizer normally, and other management conditions of the two fields are the same.
And (3) test results: after the potatoes are ripe, randomly planing 20 potato fruits from the test field and the potato field of the comparative test respectively for comparison, wherein the potato plants in the test field applied with the product have larger fruits, and each plant has two to four potato fruits; weighing fruits in two fields, and comparing the results of 20 potato plants: the weight of the potato fruit in the test field is 13.52kg, compared with the weight of the potato fruit in the test field which is 7.12kg, the difference between the weight of the potato fruit and the weight of the potato fruit in the test field is 6.4kg, and the yield is obviously increased.
Example 2: a microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
7kg of lysine, 7kg of methionine, 5kg of organic selenium, 3kg of nitrobacteria, 3kg of figwort root extract, 80kg of polysaccharide, 3kg of soybean oligosaccharide and 4kg of maltooligosaccharide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and crushing the raw materials, sieving the crushed raw materials by a 35-mesh sieve, placing the raw materials in a fermentation tank, adding deionized water, uniformly stirring, wherein the addition amount of the deionized water is 2.8 times of the total weight of the raw materials, and fermenting and aging for 21 days at 43 ℃;
(2) and spraying the fermented material at 70 ℃ to prepare powder to obtain the product.
Application test: selecting two acres of adjacent potato fields with the same planting density and quality as a test field and a comparison field, taking 100g of the microbial fertilizer, adding 10 kg of water for dissolving, placing in a sprayer, and directly spraying the planting soil of one acre of test field when the potato seedlings are completely bred after 1 month of planting potato stem blocks; the microbial fertilizer is not sprayed in the comparison field, and other management conditions of the two fields are the same.
And (3) test results: after the potatoes are ripe, harvesting a test field and a comparative test potato field respectively, and comparing and weighing the weight of the potatoes in two acres of land, wherein the weight of the fruits in the test field is 2560kg, the weight of the fruits in the comparative test potato field is 1740kg, the difference between the weight of the fruits in the comparative test potato field and the weight of the fruits in the comparative test potato field is 820kg, and the conservative increment is 1200 yuan/acre.
Compared with the conventional seedlings, the potato seedlings applied with the microbial fertilizer have thick and strong rootstocks, the diameter of the rootstocks is 15-30cm, the particle size of potato fruits is large, and no diseases are reflected.
Example 3: a microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
6kg of lysine, 6.5kg of methionine, 4kg of organic selenium, 2.5kg of nitrobacteria, 2kg of radix scrophulariae extract, 78kg of polysaccharide, 2.5kg of soybean oligosaccharide and 3.5kg of maltooligosaccharide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and crushing the raw materials, sieving the crushed raw materials with a 32-mesh sieve, placing the mixture into a fermentation tank, adding deionized water, uniformly stirring, wherein the addition amount of the deionized water is 2.6 times of the total weight of the raw materials, and fermenting and aging for 23 days at 40 ℃;
(2) and spraying the fermented material at 65 ℃ to prepare powder to obtain the product.
Application test: 100g of the microbial fertilizer is taken, 10 kilograms of water is added for dissolving, the microbial fertilizer is placed in a sprayer, one mu of test field soil is directly sprayed, and then potato stem blocks for accelerating germination are planted on the soil according to a conventional mode; the comparative test is a one-mu potato field planted 20 days earlier than the test field; other planting conditions of the two fields are the same.
And (3) test results: after the potatoes in the test field are planted for one month, the growth vigor of the potato plants is consistent with that of the potato plants in the comparative test field, and the leaves of the potato plants in the test field are relatively large and have no withering/yellowing phenomenon; after the potatoes are ripe, respectively pulling 20 potato plants from a test field and a soybean field for a comparison test at random, picking the potatoes for comparison, wherein the number of the potatoes in each plant in the test field applying the microbial fertilizer is 2-4, the fruits are large and uniform, and the weight of each single fruit is more than 300g, and no insect pest exists; weighing potatoes in two fields, and comparing the results of 20 potato plants: the potatoes in the test field weighed 14.75kg, compared to 8.14kg in the test field, which differed by 6.61 kg.
In the above embodiments, the best mode of the present invention has been described, and it is apparent that many changes can be made under the inventive concept of the present invention. It should be noted here that any changes made under the inventive concept of the present invention shall fall within the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The microbial fertilizer for promoting the growth of the potatoes is characterized by being prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-7 parts of lysine, 6-7 parts of methionine, 3-5 parts of organic selenium, 2-3 parts of nitrobacteria, 1-3 parts of radix scrophulariae extract, 75-80 parts of polysaccharide, 2-3 parts of soybean oligosaccharide and 3-4 parts of maltooligosaccharide.
2. The microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of lysine, 6.5 parts of methionine, 4 parts of organic selenium, 2.5 parts of nitrobacteria, 2 parts of radix scrophulariae extract, 78 parts of polysaccharide, 2.5 parts of soybean oligosaccharide and 3.5 parts of maltooligosaccharide.
3. The microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the polysaccharide is one or more of chitin, inulin, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and aminopolysaccharide.
4. The method for preparing the microbial fertilizer for promoting the growth of potatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and crushing the raw materials, placing the mixture into a fermentation tank, adding water, uniformly stirring, and fermenting and aging for 21-25 days at 37-43 ℃; (2) and spraying the fermented material to prepare powder to obtain the product.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (1), all the raw materials are mixed and crushed and then screened by a 30-35-mesh sieve, deionized water is added into a fermentation tank for stirring, and the addition amount of the deionized water is 2.5-2.8 times of the total weight of the raw materials.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (2), the materials are sprayed at 60-70 ℃ to prepare powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110534288.0A CN113248332A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | Microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110534288.0A CN113248332A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | Microbial fertilizer for promoting potato growth and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104788192A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-22 | 中国科学院北方粳稻分子育种联合研究中心 | Special fertilizer for rice seedling raising |
| CN107698361A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-02-16 | 宿松县东全种养专业合作社 | A kind of Rice Cropping fertilizer |
| CN111689812A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-09-22 | 河北苏同兴盛新能源科技有限公司 | Plant fermentation extract for improving potato planting and preparation method thereof |
| KR102233711B1 (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-30 | 김영찬 | Fertilizer manufacturing method and fertilizer thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-05-17 CN CN202110534288.0A patent/CN113248332A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104788192A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-22 | 中国科学院北方粳稻分子育种联合研究中心 | Special fertilizer for rice seedling raising |
| CN107698361A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-02-16 | 宿松县东全种养专业合作社 | A kind of Rice Cropping fertilizer |
| CN111689812A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-09-22 | 河北苏同兴盛新能源科技有限公司 | Plant fermentation extract for improving potato planting and preparation method thereof |
| KR102233711B1 (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-30 | 김영찬 | Fertilizer manufacturing method and fertilizer thereof |
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