CN113243340A - Artificial breeding method of black beard dirty flies - Google Patents
Artificial breeding method of black beard dirty flies Download PDFInfo
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- CN113243340A CN113243340A CN202110548626.6A CN202110548626A CN113243340A CN 113243340 A CN113243340 A CN 113243340A CN 202110548626 A CN202110548626 A CN 202110548626A CN 113243340 A CN113243340 A CN 113243340A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000257229 Musca <genus> Species 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001599018 Melanogaster Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020997 lean meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001215 vagina Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 6
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000282832 Camelidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000006123 Myiasis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000257185 Sarcophagidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000256103 Simuliidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000272834 Cairina moschata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282828 Camelus bactrianus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282836 Camelus dromedarius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000243990 Dirofilaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282373 Panthera pardus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000000042 obligate parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial feeding method of black bearded flies, which comprises the steps of collecting an initial insect source, obtaining adult black bearded flies and larvae, selecting a field and feeding indoors. The breeding method uses fresh lean pork similar to the wound to breed the larvae of the black beard flies, overcomes the defect of in vitro culture of the black beard flies, scientifically breeds the experimental black beard flies, and can not be influenced by seasons. The artificial feeding method can completely meet the requirement of indoor subculture feeding of the black bearded flies, and a large number of test insects with regular and consistent growth and development can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a parasite breeding technology, in particular to a method for breeding black beard flies indoors.
Background
The black bearded fly (Wohlfahrita magnica) is an obligate parasite of human and domestic animals, also known as the Mediterranean spiral worm, of warm-blooded vertebrates, with developed barbs in the oral cavity of the larvae, one of the important myiasis of human and livestock. Musca melanogaster belongs to Diptera (Diptera), Sarcophagidae (Sarcophagidae), Musca subfamily (Para-macrotrichina), and Musca staphylium (Wohlfahria Brauer). Widely distributed in Mongolia, Iran, southwest Asia, Russia (Siberian, central Asia, Caucasian, central European and southern Europe), central Europe and southern Europe (mode of origin: Austria), northern Africa and Jilin, inner Mongolia, Beijing, Ningxia, etc., Gansu, Xinjiang, etc., of China.
The objects infected by the black flies vary from region to region. In europe, the dominant infection of the black beard flies is sheep, with up to 90% of the flock being infected, whereas bactrian camels in mongolian countries, china, south russia, turkey, iran and the far east are particularly vulnerable. In one report by iran, it was found that about 61% of all animal wound diseases are caused by larvae of the dirofilaria melanogaster. Horses, goats, dogs, geese, pigs and leopards are also reported to be infected by larvae of the muscfly muscovy. Furthermore, even the black flies cause myiasis in humans.
The black beard dirty flies mainly cause vaginal myiasis of female camels in China, seriously affect the growth and development performance of the sick camels and the development of camel industry, and become the primary harmful diseases of the female camels.
Various insecticidal products are currently on the market which kill larvae in topically treated wounds. However, these pesticides do not prevent the invasion/re-infestation of animals and they retard healing of the treated wound. For these reasons, there has heretofore been no ideal preventive measure to prevent the occurrence of the disease. The comprehensive understanding of pathogens is an important link in the control of this disease. Therefore, in vitro feeding research on the black bearded fly is needed to understand the life habit of the black bearded fly. The success of in vitro culture can fill the blank and make up the influence of the pathogen by seasons.
The artificial feeding of the black bearded fly is studied, so that the disintegration life history of the black bearded fly is not influenced by seasonal changes, the black bearded fly can smoothly propagate, the perennial presence of the black bearded fly, pupae and larvae is ensured, and convenient conditions are provided for the research of controlling fly maggot pathogens caused by the black bearded fly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an artificial feeding method of the black beard fly, the experimental black beard fly can be obtained by the scientific feeding method, the influence of seasons is avoided, and the problem of insufficient material of the black beard fly in the scientific experimental research and application is solved.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following scheme:
provides a method for breeding the black bearded flies according to the following steps.
Firstly, collecting an initial insect source; obtaining of black beard fly and larva:
(1) collecting adult flies in the field: the insect catching net is used for catching the black beard flies in the favorite places such as fences for feeding livestock, feeding troughs, places for drinking water for livestock and the like on the hot sunny days. And the captured adult flies are identified as black dirty flies and then are put into an insect breeding box to be brought back to the laboratory for breeding.
(2) Collecting larvae: and (4) carrying out restraint on the naturally infected affected livestock. The vagina of the affected livestock is opened, and the larvae on the inner wall and the outer wall are picked up by using tweezers.
The third-stage larvae: the method comprises the steps of screening local fine soil by using a mesh, placing the screened fine soil in a foam box, paving a layer of soil when boxing is needed for keeping the humidity of the soil, and spraying some clear water on the soil, wherein the depth of the soil is required to be more than 10 cm. And (3) placing the collected third-stage larvae on the surface of the soil, wherein the larvae can dig into the surface of the soil within 5-15 min to pupate.
② immature larvae: two holes are made on the cover of a plastic culture dish by using a 5mm puncher, a piece of fresh pork lean meat is put into the culture dish, a culture medium of larvae is prepared, and immature larvae are placed in the larva culture medium for breeding.
II, selecting a field: the selection of the black beard fly is characterized by being leeward, warm in winter and cool in summer, the temperature is 25+5 ℃, the photoperiod is 16/8 (light/dark), and the relative humidity is 40-50%, so that the requirement of normal development of the black beard fly is met.
Thirdly, indoor breeding:
(1) larva breeding: the larvae are transferred to a larva culture medium to be raised to mature third-stage larvae, and a new larva culture medium needs to be replaced every 24 h.
(2) Pupating larvae: a120 ml plastic beaker is used as a larva pupating device, 100ml of fine soil (the principle that the mature larva can be agglomerated by holding and can be dispersed by loosening) is added into the plastic beaker, the mature larva is placed in a self-made larva pupating device for pupating, and in order to keep a certain humidity of soil, a spraying pot is used for slightly spraying water after the surface layer of the soil is dried.
(3) Eclosion of pupae: pupae to be eclosized are placed in an insect breeding box at the temperature of 25 +/-5 ℃ at room temperature to wait for eclosion.
(4) And (3) pupa preservation: the 4 th day of pupation of the mature larvae was stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃.
(5) Adult fly breeding: putting the small-sized apple into the insect breeding box to breed adult flies of the black beard fly, and slightly spraying a little water on the insect breeding box by using a sprinkling can when the indoor drying is carried out.
(6) Collecting larvae: when adult flies begin to be matched, a larva culture medium is placed in the fly breeding box to induce the adult flies to produce larvae in the culture medium, the larvae are collected, and the larvae are picked out and transferred to a new larva culture medium for breeding.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method uses fresh lean pork similar to the wound to feed the larvae of the black beard flies, overcomes the defect of in-vitro culture of the black beard flies, scientifically feeds the experimental black beard flies, and can not be influenced by seasons.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiments.
The artificial feeding method of the black bearded fly comprises the following steps:
one, the acquisition of adult and larva of black bearded fly
(1) Collecting adult flies in the field: the insect catching net (spun silk with diameter of 35, net depth of 80cm and 100 meshes) is used for catching the black beard flies in the favorite places such as fences for feeding livestock, feeding troughs, and places for drinking water for livestock on the hot weather of clear sky. The adult flies are collected and identified as black dirty flies, then the black dirty flies are placed into an insect breeding box (aluminum alloy frame, 120-mesh nylon gauze cover, space volume: 35m multiplied by 35m) and brought back to the laboratory for breeding.
(2) Collecting larvae: and (4) carrying out restraint on the naturally infected affected livestock. The vagina of the affected livestock is opened, and the larvae on the inner wall and the outer wall are picked up by using tweezers.
The third-stage larvae: the method comprises the steps of screening local fine soil by using a mesh, placing the screened fine soil in a foam box, paving a layer of soil when boxing is needed to keep the humidity of the soil, spraying a spraying pot on the soil, and spraying clear water, wherein the depth of the soil is required to be more than 10 cm. And (3) placing the collected third-stage larvae on the surface of the soil, wherein the larvae can dig into the surface of the soil within 5-15 min to pupate.
② immature larvae: two holes are formed in the cover of a plastic culture dish by using a 5mm puncher, a piece of fresh pork lean meat is placed into the culture dish, a larva culture medium is prepared, and immature larvae are placed into the larva culture medium for breeding.
Second, indoor artificial feeding
(1) The field is selected, the temperature is 25+5 ℃, the photoperiod is 16/8 (light/dark) and the relative humidity is 40-50% so as to meet the requirement of normal development of the black beard fly.
(2) Larva breeding: selecting larvae produced in the same batch to be fed in a larva culture medium, transferring the larvae to a new culture medium every 24h for continuous feeding, and feeding the larvae to mature three-stage larvae: the time from the first stage larva to the mature third stage larva lasts for 3-4 d.
(3) When the third-stage larva no longer takes food, the larva begins to crawl around to reach the mature larva stage, a 120ml plastic beaker is used as a pupation device of the larva, and about 100ml of fine soil is added into the plastic beaker (the principle that the larva can be agglomerated by holding and can be scattered by loosening is required). The soil surface is placed in a plastic beaker and allowed to automatically penetrate into the soil surface for pupation. In order to maintain a certain moisture content of the soil, the surface of the soil is dried and sprayed with water slightly, and the larvae turn into pupae in 2-3 days.
(4) Pupa to be preserved is frozen in a refrigerator (Auckoma temperature-adjustable refrigerator) at 4 deg.C at pupation 3 d.
(5) Pupae to be eclosized are placed in an insect breeding box (aluminum alloy frame, covered by 120-mesh nylon gauze, space volume: 35m × 35m) at the temperature of 25 +/-5 ℃ at room temperature for eclosion, and the pupal period lasts for about 12-15 days.
(6) Feeding eclosion black beard fly with small pieces of apple, and changing with new apple every day. The longest life span of adult flies is 63d, the shortest 3d and 15d begin to die greatly, enter the death peak period for 2d, the number of dead adult flies accounts for 23 percent of the total number, and then enter a stable state, and the average life span is about 36.33 d.
(7) When adult flies begin to be matched, a larva culture medium is placed in the fly breeding box to induce the adult flies to produce larvae in the culture medium, the larvae are collected, and the larvae are changed to a new larva culture medium to be bred. Mating starts at the 4 th to 5 th days after eclosion, the mating is more in daytime, the mating time is 2 to 4 hours, the 3 rd day from mating reaches the peak period of mating, and the 10 th day starts to decline slowly. And maggots are produced from 9 th to 11 th days after the mating. The average maggot number per time is 45, the maximum one time is 89, and the minimum one time is 29.
And (3) identification of a feeding result: the method has been continuously raised for 3 generations indoors, the main life parameters of each insect state are respectively identified, and as a result, the difference of the life parameters of each generation is very small, and the population development is neat (see attached table). The artificial breeding method can completely meet the requirement of indoor subculture of the black bearded flies, and a large number of test insects with regular and consistent growth and development are obtained.
The results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 statistics of the survival rate and pupation rate of Musca melanogaster larvae
TABLE 2 statistics of pupation rates of pupae
TABLE 34 ℃ Effect of different storage times on pupal emergence rate
TABLE 4 adult fly Life
Analysis of results
As can be seen from Table 1, the average survival rate of the larvae of the F1 generation from the first-stage larvae to the second-stage larvae is 86.33%, the average survival rate of the larvae from the second-stage larvae to the third-stage larvae is 97.3%, and the average pupation rate is 82.67%; the average survival rate of the F2 larva from first-stage larva to second-stage larva is 89.67%, the average survival rate of the second-stage larva to third-stage larva is 97.03%, and the average pupation rate is 84.67%; the average survival rate of the larvae of the F3 generation from the first-stage larvae to the second-stage larvae is 89%, the average survival rate of the larvae of the second-stage larvae to the third-stage larvae is 97.38%, and the average pupation rate is 85.33%. The pupation rate of the third-generation larvae after in vitro culture is about 84 percent, the survival rate of the first-stage larvae to the second-stage larvae is 88.33 percent, and the survival rate of the third-stage larvae from the second-stage larvae to the mature larvae reaches 97.23 percent.
From Table 2, it is understood that the average eclosion rate of F1 Musca melanogaster pupae is 71%, the average eclosion rate of F2 pupae is 82.33%, and the average eclosion rate of F3 pupae is 79.33%.
As is clear from Table 3, the 30d feathering rate was 63% at 4 ℃ and the 60d feathering rate was 67.67%. There was no significant difference in the eclosion rates of 30d and 60d pupae stored at 4 ℃.
As can be seen from Table 4, the adult flies of the artificially bred Musca melanogaster have the longest life span of 63d and the shortest life span of 2d, and the average life span of 31.42 d. The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles and principal advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to illustrate the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the invention is to be limited to the embodiments described above.
Claims (3)
1. The artificial feeding method of the black bearded fly is characterized in that: the method is carried out according to the following steps,
acquisition of initial insect sources, namely acquiring adult flies and larvae of the black bearded flies:
(1) collecting adult flies in the field: selecting pleasant places of Musca melanogaster such as fences, feeding troughs, drinking water of livestock and the like which are raised in livestock on a sunny hot day, capturing by using an insect capturing net, and placing captured adult flies into an insect breeding box after being identified as Musca melanogaster to be brought back to a laboratory for raising;
(2) collecting larvae: fixing naturally infected livestock, opening vagina of the livestock, and picking up larvae on inner wall and outer wall with forceps;
the third-stage larvae: screening local fine soil by using a mesh, placing the screened fine soil in a foam box, in order to keep the humidity of the soil, paving a layer of soil when boxing is needed, spraying clear water on the soil by using a spraying pot, wherein the depth of the soil is more than 10cm, and placing collected third-stage larvae on the surface of the soil;
② immature larvae: making two holes on the cover of a plastic culture dish by using a 5mm puncher, putting a piece of fresh pork lean meat into the culture dish, making a larva culture medium, and putting immature larvae into the larva culture medium for breeding;
II, selecting a field: selecting the materials which are leeward, sunny, warm in winter and cool in summer, the temperature is 25+5 ℃, the photoperiod illumination/darkness is 16/8, and the relative humidity is 40-50% so as to meet the requirement of normal development of the black beard fly;
thirdly, indoor breeding:
(1) larva breeding: transferring the larvae to a larva culture medium to feed the larvae to mature third-stage larvae, and replacing the larva culture medium every 24 h;
(2) pupating larvae: using a 120ml plastic beaker as a larva pupating device, adding 100ml fine soil into the plastic beaker, putting mature larvae into a home-made larva pupating device for pupation, and slightly spraying water by a spraying pot after the surface layer of soil is dried in order to keep a certain humidity of the soil;
(3) eclosion of pupae: the pupae needing to be eclosized are placed in the insect breeding box at the room temperature of 25 +/-5 ℃ to wait for eclosion;
(4) and (3) pupa preservation: the 4 th day of pupation of the mature larva is stored in a refrigerator at the temperature of 4 ℃;
(5) adult fly breeding: putting the apples cut into small blocks into an insect breeding box to breed adult flies of the black beard fly, and slightly spraying water on the insect breeding box by a spray can when the indoor drying is carried out;
(6) collecting larvae: when adult flies begin to be matched, a larva culture medium is placed in the fly breeding box to induce the adult flies to produce larvae in the culture medium, the larvae are collected, and the larvae are picked out and transferred to a new larva culture medium for breeding.
2. The artificial feeding method of dirofusmelanogaster according to claim 1, which comprises: the insect catching net is made of 100-mesh spun silk with the diameter of 35 cm and the net depth of 80 cm.
3. The artificial feeding method of dirofusmelanogaster according to claim 1, which comprises: the insect breeding box is an aluminum alloy frame and is covered by a 120-mesh nylon sand net, and the space volume is 35m multiplied by 35 m.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115474589A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-16 | 杨诚 | Insect clamp holder for forestry engineering |
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2021
- 2021-05-14 CN CN202110548626.6A patent/CN113243340B/en active Active
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115474589A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-16 | 杨诚 | Insect clamp holder for forestry engineering |
| CN115474589B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-08-29 | 杨诚 | Insect holder of forestry engineering |
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| CN113243340B (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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