CN113243258B - Ecological restoration method for rock mountain vegetation - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for rock mountain vegetation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113243258B CN113243258B CN202110775941.2A CN202110775941A CN113243258B CN 113243258 B CN113243258 B CN 113243258B CN 202110775941 A CN202110775941 A CN 202110775941A CN 113243258 B CN113243258 B CN 113243258B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G20/10—Pre-cultivated sod or turf; Apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/28—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from humid air
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/30—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from snow or ice
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for vegetation on a rock mountain, which comprises the steps of measuring the inclination angle of the rock mountain and selecting a corresponding restoration method. According to the invention, drought-enduring plant planting points are arranged on the rock mountain, and waterproof cloth which can reduce water loss and can collect rain, snow and rain is laid in the conical tree pit, so that the waterproof cloth can collect water at the root of the plant as much as possible, and the vegetation growing environment is ensured; through laying the straw network or adorning the pipe sack of grass between the toper tree hole, can greatly increase moisture for the soil around the restoration vegetation, reduce the moisture loss, improve rotten matter content in the rock piece soil, increase microorganism content and microorganism, improve the characteristic of rock soil, improve remediation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration of rock mountain vegetation, in particular to an ecological restoration method of rock mountain vegetation.
Background
Phytoremediation is the use of green plants to transfer, contain or transform pollutants to make them environmentally benign. The phytoremediation objects are soil and water bodies polluted by heavy metals, organic matters or radioactive elements.
Research shows that the plant can purify pollutants in soil or water through the functions of absorption, volatilization, root filtration, degradation, stabilization and the like of the plant to achieve the aim of purifying the environment, so that the plant restoration is a green technology which has great potential and is developing to eliminate environmental pollution. The existing environment pollution soil restoration technology generally adopts physical and chemical methods, such as a soil dumping and burying method, a dilution method, a leaching method, a physical separation method, a stabilization and chemical method and the like. High cost, difficult management, easy secondary pollution and large environmental disturbance. In recent years, the bioremediation technology is low in cost, suitable for large-scale application, beneficial to the maintenance of a soil ecosystem, has aesthetic value on the landscape of a polluted land and basically has no damage effect on the environment, thereby arousing wide interest of the public and the scientific community. Bioremediation techniques include phytoremediation techniques, microbial remediation techniques, and microbial-phytoremediation techniques.
After mining, a large amount of broken rocks are often generated in a mining area, the broken rocks are accumulated to form a plurality of mountains, if the mountains are not subjected to phytoremediation, pollutants in the rocks seep into underground water along with water in rainy and snowy weather, so that the environment and the water body are polluted, and therefore the broken rock mountains need to be subjected to phytoremediation.
The existing repairing method is to dig a pit on a rock slope and embed drought-enduring plants with culture soil, the plant growth coverage is small, and the repairing speed is slow, so a novel plant repairing method is needed to solve the existing problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides an ecological restoration method for rock mountain vegetation.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
the ecological restoration method for vegetation on the rock mountain comprises the steps of selecting a corresponding restoration method by measuring the inclination angle of the rock mountain, wherein the inclination angle of the rock mountain is measured to be greater than or equal to forty-five degrees and smaller than forty-five degrees, and the method comprises the following steps:
A. when the inclination angle of the rock mountain is more than or equal to forty-five degrees, the repairing method comprises the following steps:
a1, rebuilding a plough layer, combining with reparative mining, performing supplementary mining on steep, overhanging and loose rocks, backfilling mined rock masses at a low-lying rock mountain, paving backfill soil with the thickness of at least 0.8 m on the rock mountain as the plough layer, wherein the backfill soil adopts construction waste soil, river sludge and domestic garbage, conditioning the backfill soil to soil suitable for plant planting, paving the backfill soil on the rock mountain, excavating narrow and wide conical tree pits at intervals on the rock mountain, burying drought-enduring plants in the conical tree pits, burying waterproof cloth for preventing rainwater infiltration on the side wall of a circular ring at the upper part of each conical tree pit, sequentially paving nutrient soil and a fine gravel layer in the conical tree pits, and paving a rice straw layer on the upper side of the fine gravel layer;
a2, anchor rods are anchored on the rocky mountain in a distributed mode, the anchor rods are distributed on the rocky mountain in a staggered mode in a conical tree pit mode, a bottom layer metal protective net is fixedly installed between the anchor rods, the bottom layer metal protective net is laid above a plough layer, and the outer edge of the waterproof cloth is connected with the bottom layer metal protective net in a binding mode;
a3, laying circular tube cloth bags on the upper sides of the bottom layer metal protective nets from top to bottom, arranging filling spaces at equal intervals in the circular tube cloth bags, filling plant fiber fragments, and binding and connecting the lower side surfaces of the circular tube cloth bags and the bottom layer metal protective nets through iron wires;
a4, paving a top-layer metal protective net on the upper side of the circular tube cloth bag, and binding and connecting the top-layer metal protective net and a bottom-layer metal protective net;
B. when the inclination angle of the rock mountain is less than forty-five degrees, the repairing method comprises the following steps:
b1, rebuilding a plough layer, combining with reparative mining, performing supplementary mining on steep, overhanging and loose rocks, backfilling mined rock masses at a low-lying rock mountain, paving backfill soil with the thickness of at least 0.8 m on the rock mountain as a plough layer, wherein the backfill soil adopts construction waste soil, river sludge and domestic garbage, conditioning the backfill soil to soil suitable for plant planting, paving the backfill soil on the rock mountain, excavating narrow and wide conical tree pits at intervals on the rock mountain, burying drought-enduring plants in the conical tree pits, burying waterproof cloth for preventing rainwater infiltration in the side wall of a circular ring at the upper part of each conical tree pit, and paving nutrient soil in the conical tree pits;
b2, paving straw ropes on the plough layer between the drought-enduring plants, weaving the straw ropes transversely and longitudinally into straw grids capable of accommodating the drought-enduring plants to run through, and bundling the crossed positions of the straw ropes together through iron wires;
B3A straw grid woven by straw ropes is paved with a mixture of plant fiber scraps and farmyard manure, a plastic compaction protective net is paved on the upper side of the straw grid, and the straw ropes are bound and connected with the plastic compaction protective net.
Preferably, a turf is laid above the plough layer, crops are interplanted among drought-resistant plants in the plough layer, and the straws of the harvested crops are buried in the plough layer.
The plough layer can be used for planting plants which have poor climbing capability but can quickly cover the slope, or spraying composite green plant seeds; the drought-enduring plants can be economic tree species or timber tree species, and the crops can be corns, peanuts, soybeans and the like, so that the economic income is increased and the cost for repairing and maintaining rocky mountains is subsidized.
Preferably, before the restoration is started, the size of the rock fragments on the rock mountain is measured, and when the diameter of the rock fragments is less than 5cm, the cohesive soil is added in the restoration process; when the diameter of the rock fragments is larger than or equal to 5cm, no cohesive soil is added in the repairing process.
Preferably, according to the local climate type, when the local climate type is drought and rainless, the moist soil is required to be added into the nutrient soil; when the local climate type is rainy, the vine seeds which are easy to store water are added into the nutrient soil.
Preferably, the bottom layer metal protection net and the top layer metal protection net are both provided with openings for the drought-enduring plants to pass through.
Preferably, the distance between the centers of the adjacent conical tree pits in the step A1 is 4 meters; in the step B1, the distance between the centers of the adjacent conical tree pits is 5 meters; in step B2, the straw rope diameter is ten centimeters, and the side length of the straw grid is fifty centimeters.
Preferably, the length of the anchor rod is not less than fifty centimeters, and the inner diameter of the circular tube cloth bag is not less than twenty centimeters.
Preferably, the bottom layer metal protective net and the top layer metal protective net are both treated by an anticorrosive layer.
Preferably, a steel wire penetrates through the inner side of the plastic compaction protective net.
Preferably, the waterproof cloth is a circular ring type waterproof cloth, the circular ring width of the waterproof cloth is one hundred centimeters, and the outer side surface of the waterproof cloth is formed with the anti-skid protrusions.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, drought-enduring plant planting points are arranged on the rock mountain, and waterproof cloth which can reduce water loss and can collect rain, snow and rain is laid in the conical tree pit, so that the waterproof cloth can collect water at the root of the plant as much as possible, and the vegetation growing environment is ensured;
2. according to the method, straw grids or circular tube cloth bags are laid among the conical tree pits, a mixture of plant fiber scraps and farmyard manure is laid in the straw grids, a plastic compaction protective net is laid on the upper side of the straw grids, drought-enduring grass seeds are added in the mixture of the plant fiber scraps and the farmyard manure, so that moisture can be greatly increased for repairing soil around vegetation, moisture loss is reduced, the content of rotten substances in rock scrap soil is improved, the content of microorganisms and microorganisms are increased, the characteristics of the rock soil are improved, and the repairing efficiency is improved;
3. the circular tube cloth bag has excellent water permeability, so that rain and snow water can permeate into the circular tube cloth bag, plant fiber fragments can absorb moisture, the moisture emission is reduced, an environment is provided for the growth of microorganisms and weeds, and the remediation effect is improved;
4. the plough layer can provide a growing soil layer for vegetation restoration, and the root systems of the restoration plants can be ensured to penetrate into the rock fragments, so that the rock weathering speed is accelerated, and the plant growing environment of rock mountain bodies is improved;
5. according to the invention, the climbing capability of the cultivation layer under the bottom layer metal protective net is poor, but the plants on the slope surface can be quickly covered, and the composite green plant seeds are sprayed and sowed, so that the slope land is quickly closed into a forest, the water and soil loss is effectively controlled, the quality of the forest land is improved, and the productivity of the forest land is improved;
6. in the area with a deeper soil layer and a slope smaller than forty-five degrees, the plastic compaction protective net is detached at the later stage of the forest land, crops or medicinal plants such as corn, peanut and soybean are interplanted among drought-resistant plants, and the harvested straws are buried in the soil to form a forest farm composite ecological system and enrich a rock mountain ecological system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a restoration structure of a rock mountain with an inclination of inclination greater than forty-five degrees;
FIG. 2 is a main sectional structural view of the conical tree well of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a restoration structure of a rock mountain with an inclination of less than forty-five degrees;
FIG. 4 is a main sectional structural view of the conical tree well of FIG. 3;
in the figure: 1. a top protective metal mesh; 2. a round tube cloth bag; 3. a bottom layer metal protective net; 4. an anchor rod; 5. a conical tree pit; 6. waterproof cloth; 7. nutrient soil; 8. a fine gravel layer; 9. a straw layer; 10. a plastic compaction protective net; 11. straw grids; 12. drought tolerant plants; 13. a plough layer; 14. a rock mountain.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying figures 1 to 4:
the ecological restoration method for the vegetation on the rock mountain comprises the rock mountain 14, a corresponding restoration method is selected by measuring the inclination angle of the rock mountain 14, and the measurement of the inclination angle of the rock mountain 14 comprises that the inclination angle is more than or equal to forty-five degrees and the inclination angle is less than forty-five degrees, wherein:
A. when the inclination angle of the rock mountain 14 is more than or equal to forty-five degrees, the repairing method comprises the following steps:
a1, rebuilding a plough layer, combining with reparative mining, performing supplementary mining on steep, overhanging and loose rocks, backfilling mined rock masses at a low-lying rock mountain 14, paving backfill soil with the thickness of at least 0.8 m on the rock mountain 14 to serve as a plough layer 13, in order to protect adjacent mountains and vegetation and change waste into treasure, the backfill soil adopts construction waste soil, river sludge and domestic garbage, conditioning the backfill soil to soil quality suitable for plant planting, paving the backfill soil on the rock mountain 14, excavating narrow and wide conical tree pits 5 at intervals on the rock mountain 14, burying drought-tolerant plants 12 in the conical tree pits 5, burying waterproof cloth 6 for blocking rainwater infiltration in a circular side wall at the upper part of the conical tree pits 5, paving nutrient soil 7 and fine sand 8 in the conical tree pits 5 in sequence, and paving a rice straw layer 9 on the fine sand stone layer 8;
a2, anchoring bolts 4 are fixedly distributed on a rock mountain 14 in a distributed mode, the anchoring bolts 4 are distributed on the rock mountain 14 in a staggered mode with conical tree pits 5, a bottom-layer metal protective net 3 is fixedly installed between the anchoring bolts 4, the bottom-layer metal protective net 3 is laid above a plough layer 13, and the outer edge of the waterproof cloth 6 is connected with the bottom-layer metal protective net 3 in a binding mode;
a3, paving a circular tube cloth bag 2 on the upper side of a bottom layer metal protective net 3 from top to bottom, arranging filling spaces at equal intervals in the circular tube cloth bag 2 and filling plant fiber fragments, and binding and connecting the lower side surface of the circular tube cloth bag 2 and the bottom layer metal protective net 3 through iron wires;
a4, paving a top-layer metal protection net 1 on the upper side of a circular tube cloth bag 2, and binding and connecting the top-layer metal protection net 1 and a bottom-layer metal protection net 3;
B. when the inclination angle of the rock mountain 14 is smaller than forty-five degrees, the repairing method comprises the following steps:
b1, rebuilding a plough layer, combining with reparative mining, performing supplementary mining on steep, overhanging and loose rocks, backfilling mined rock masses at a low-lying rock mountain 14, paving backfill soil with the thickness of at least 0.8 m on the rock mountain 14 to serve as a plough layer 13, wherein the backfill soil adopts construction waste soil, river sludge and domestic garbage, conditioning the backfill soil to soil suitable for plant planting, paving the soil on the rock mountain 14, excavating narrow and wide conical tree pits 5 at intervals on the rock mountain 14, burying drought-enduring plants 12 in the conical tree pits 5, burying waterproof cloth 6 for blocking rainwater infiltration in the circular side wall at the upper part of the conical tree pits 5, and paving nutrient soil 7 in the conical tree pits 5;
b2, paving straw ropes on the plough layer 13 between the drought-enduring plants 12, weaving the straw ropes transversely and longitudinally into straw grids 11 capable of accommodating the drought-enduring plants 12 to pass through, and bundling the crossed positions of the straw ropes together through iron wires;
b3 the mixture of plant fiber scraps and farmyard manure is laid in the straw grid 11 woven by straw ropes, the plastic compaction protective net 10 is laid on the upper side of the straw grid 11, and the straw ropes are connected with the plastic compaction protective net 10 in a binding mode.
In a preferred embodiment, a turf is laid above the plough layer 13, crops are interplanted among the drought-enduring plants 12 in the plough layer 13, the straws of the harvested crops are buried in the plough layer, and the plastic compaction protective net 10 can be detached in the later period.
The plough layer 13 can be used for planting plants with poor climbing capability but can quickly cover a slope surface, or spraying and sowing composite green plant seeds, so that the rock mountain 14 can quickly cover green vegetation, thereby effectively controlling water and soil loss, improving the quality of the plough layer 13 and improving the productivity of the plough layer; the plough layer 13 can provide a growing soil layer for vegetation restoration, guarantee that the restoration plant can absorb nutrition from the plough layer 13, promote horizontal and vertical growth of root system, horizontal growth makes the plant link each other into the piece, the vertical growth of root system can be with the root system deepening in the rock piece, and then accelerate rock weathering speed, improve the vegetation environment of rock massif 14, drought-enduring plant 12 can be economic tree species or tree species with the material, crops can be maize, peanut, soybean etc., form the compound ecosystem of forest and peasant, enrich the rock massif ecosystem, increase economic income subsidy rock massif restoration simultaneously, the expense of maintenance.
As a preferred embodiment, before the restoration is started, the size of the rock fragments on the rock mountain 14 is measured, and when the diameter of the rock fragments is less than 5cm, the cohesive soil is added in the restoration process; when the diameter of the rock fragments is larger than or equal to 5cm, no cohesive soil is added in the repairing process.
As a preferred example, according to the local climate type, when the local climate type is drought and rainless, the moist soil is added into the nutrient soil 7; when the local climate type is rainy, the vine seeds which are easy to store water are added into the nutrition 7.
Drought-resistant grass seeds can be added into the mixture of the plant fiber scraps and the farmyard manure, the length of the plant fiber scraps is 15cm-50cm, the farmyard manure seeds comprise cow dung and sheep dung, and the thickness of the mixture of the cow dung and the sheep fiber scraps is 10 cm.
As a preferred embodiment, openings for allowing drought-enduring plants 12 to pass through are formed in both the bottom-layer metal protection net 3 and the top-layer metal protection net 1.
As a preferred embodiment, the distance between the centers of adjacent pyramid-shaped tree wells 5 in step A1 is 4 meters; the distance between the centers of the adjacent conical tree pits 5 in the step B1 is 5 meters; in step B2, the straw rope has a diameter of ten centimeters and the side length of the straw grid 11 is fifty centimeters.
The inner diameter of the conical tree pit 5 is 1.5m, the excavating depth of the conical tree pit 5 is 1m, the excavating depth and the inner diameter of the conical tree pit 5 can ensure that drought-resistant plants can grow in sufficient space, and sufficient space is provided for the waterproof cloth 6 to collect rain and snow water.
As a preferred embodiment, the length of the anchor rod 4 is not less than fifty centimeters, and the inner diameter of the circular tube cloth bag 2 is not less than twenty centimeters.
The upper side of the circular tube cloth bag 2 has excellent water permeability, so that rain and snow water can permeate into the circular tube cloth bag 2, plant fiber fragments can absorb moisture, the moisture emission is reduced, and an environment is provided for the growth of microorganisms and weeds; the interval between pipe sack 2 is provided with 10cm, guarantee pipe sack 2 to the covering effect of rock massif, guarantee the required environment of vegetation restoration, pipe sack 2 outside equidistant is binded with bottom metal protection network 3 and is connected, can guarantee that pipe sack 2 is fixed firm, the vegetable fibre of avoiding absorbing more moisture drags pipe sack 2 to fall the massif, bottom metal protection network 3 and top layer metal protection network 1 and rock massif 14 firm in connection can be guaranteed to the length of stock 4, the assurance compresses tightly fixedly to the fragment rock on the rock massif 14.
As a preferred embodiment, the bottom-layer metal protection net 3 and the top-layer metal protection net 1 are both treated by an anti-corrosion layer, so that the service lives of the bottom-layer metal protection net 3 and the top-layer metal protection net 1 are ensured, and the weather resistance is improved.
As a preferred embodiment, steel wires are threaded inside the plastic compaction protection net 10.
The steel wire that protection network 10 inboard was worn to establish is compressed tightly to plastics can improve intensity greatly, and then guarantees that plastics compress tightly protection network 10 and effectively compress tightly the mixture of plant fibre piece and farmyard manure, avoids plant fibre piece and farmyard manure mixture to fly away, guarantees the effective improvement effect to the microbial environment.
As a preferred embodiment, the waterproof cloth 6 is a circular ring type waterproof cloth, the circular ring width of the waterproof cloth 6 is one hundred centimeters, and the outer side surface of the waterproof cloth 6 is formed with an anti-skid protrusion.
The anti-skid protrusions on the outer side surfaces of the waterproof cloth 6 play a role in skid resistance, the waterproof cloth 6 is prevented from sliding on the rock mountain 14, the optimal rainwater collecting effect is achieved, and the drought-enduring plant roots are guaranteed to be supplied with sufficient moisture.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, but rather, the present invention is to be construed broadly and cover all modifications, equivalents, and improvements falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ecological restoration method for the vegetation in the rock mountain comprises the steps of: selecting a corresponding repairing method by measuring the inclination angle of the rock mountain, wherein the inclination angle of the rock mountain is measured by more than or equal to forty-five degrees and less than forty-five degrees, and the method comprises the following steps:
A. when the inclination angle of the rock mountain is more than or equal to forty-five degrees, the repairing method comprises the following steps:
a1, rebuilding a plough layer, combining with reparative mining, performing supplementary mining on steep, overhanging and loose rocks, backfilling mined rock masses at a low-lying rock mountain, paving backfill soil with the thickness of at least 0.8 m on the rock mountain as the plough layer, wherein the backfill soil adopts construction waste soil, river sludge and domestic garbage, conditioning the backfill soil to soil suitable for plant planting, paving the backfill soil on the rock mountain, excavating narrow and wide conical tree pits at intervals on the rock mountain, burying drought-enduring plants in the conical tree pits, burying waterproof cloth for preventing rainwater infiltration on the side wall of a circular ring at the upper part of each conical tree pit, sequentially paving nutrient soil and a fine gravel layer in the conical tree pits, and paving a rice straw layer on the upper side of the fine gravel layer;
a2, anchor rods are anchored on the rocky mountain in a distributed mode, the anchor rods are distributed on the rocky mountain in a staggered mode in a conical tree pit mode, a bottom layer metal protective net is fixedly installed between the anchor rods, the bottom layer metal protective net is laid above a plough layer, and the outer edge of the waterproof cloth is connected with the bottom layer metal protective net in a binding mode;
a3, laying circular tube cloth bags on the upper sides of the bottom layer metal protective nets from top to bottom, arranging filling spaces at equal intervals in the circular tube cloth bags, filling plant fiber fragments, and binding and connecting the lower side surfaces of the circular tube cloth bags and the bottom layer metal protective nets through iron wires;
a4, paving a top-layer metal protective net on the upper side of the circular tube cloth bag, and binding and connecting the top-layer metal protective net and a bottom-layer metal protective net;
B. when the inclination angle of the rock mountain is less than forty-five degrees, the repairing method comprises the following steps:
b1, rebuilding a plough layer, combining with reparative mining, performing supplementary mining on steep, overhanging and loose rocks, backfilling mined rock masses at a low-lying rock mountain, paving backfill soil with the thickness of at least 0.8 m on the rock mountain as a plough layer, wherein the backfill soil adopts construction waste soil, river sludge and domestic garbage, conditioning the backfill soil to soil suitable for plant planting, paving the backfill soil on the rock mountain, excavating narrow and wide conical tree pits at intervals on the rock mountain, burying drought-enduring plants in the conical tree pits, burying waterproof cloth for preventing rainwater infiltration in the side wall of a circular ring at the upper part of each conical tree pit, and paving nutrient soil in the conical tree pits;
b2, paving straw ropes on the plough layer between the drought-enduring plants, weaving the straw ropes transversely and longitudinally into straw grids capable of accommodating the drought-enduring plants to run through, and bundling the crossed positions of the straw ropes together through iron wires;
b3, a mixture of plant fiber scraps and farmyard manure is laid in a straw grid woven by straw ropes, a plastic compaction protective net is laid on the upper side of the straw grid, and the straw ropes are connected with the plastic compaction protective net in a binding mode.
2. The ecological restoration method for vegetation on rock mountain bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: turf is laid above the plough layer, crops are interplanted among drought-enduring plants in the plough layer, and the straws after the crops are harvested are buried in the plough layer.
3. The ecological restoration method for vegetation on rock mountain bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: before the restoration, measuring the size of rock fragments on the rock mountain, and adding cohesive soil in the restoration process when the diameter of the rock fragments is less than 5 cm; when the diameter of the rock fragments is larger than or equal to 5cm, no cohesive soil is added in the repairing process.
4. The ecological restoration method for vegetation on rock mountain bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: according to the local climate type, when the local climate type is drought and rainless, the moist soil is required to be added into the nutrient soil; when the local climate type is rainy, water-storage type vine seeds are added into the nutrient soil.
5. The ecological restoration method for vegetation on rock mountain bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: openings for the drought-enduring plants to pass through are formed in the bottom layer metal protective net and the top layer metal protective net.
6. The ecological restoration method for vegetation on rock mountain bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A1, the distance between the centers of adjacent conical tree pits is 4 meters; in the step B1, the distance between the centers of the adjacent conical tree pits is 5 meters; in step B2, the straw rope diameter is ten centimeters, and the side length of the straw grid is fifty centimeters.
7. The ecological restoration method for vegetation on rock mountain bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the anchor rod is not less than fifty centimeters, and the inner diameter of the circular tube cloth bag is not less than twenty centimeters.
8. The ecological restoration method for vegetation on rock mountain bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the bottom layer metal protective net and the top layer metal protective net are both treated by an anticorrosive layer.
9. The ecological restoration method for vegetation on rock mountain bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a steel wire penetrates through the inner side of the plastic compression protective net.
10. The ecological restoration method for vegetation on rock mountain bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waterproof cloth is a circular ring type waterproof cloth, the circular width of the waterproof cloth is one hundred centimeters, and the outer side surface of the waterproof cloth is formed with anti-skid protrusions.
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