CN207452747U - Desert area railway bed both sides engineering and the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of plant sand prevention - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to desert area railway bed both sides engineering and the sapling grid sand-protecting barriers of plant sand prevention, sand- prevention system structure are set in roadbed both sides, from inside to outside including fire guard, buffer zone and vegetation protection band；Interstice coverage of the fire guard between roadbed slope foot or moat top and buffer zone, fire guard ground are provided with the thick circle gravel soil layer that thickness from inside to outside reduces；Buffer zone is provided with grid, and vegetation is provided in grid.At the initial stage of construction, sapling grid sand-protecting barrier has the function of sand-prevention engineering, when sapling survives, after branch out, just possesses the function of plant sand prevention, has many advantages, such as low cost, quick, holding effect is remote, improves the ecological environment.

Description

Desert area railway bed both sides engineering and the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of plant sand prevention

Technical field

The utility model is related to desert area road building technology fields, and in particular to a kind of desert area railway bed both sides work Journey and the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of plant sand prevention.

Background technology

Desert area, under the effect of certain wind speed（More than threshold wind velocity）, grains of sand disengaging earth's surface, which enters in air-flow, to be moved, with Air motion, it can be seen that such as the general sand drift of current, be referred to as stream.Stream is influenced by various factors, wind Speed reduce, the grains of sand depart from stream sink, be deposited on road bed or near roadbed side slope, generate pollution railway ballast, bury rail, It wears away rail, block the harm such as culvert, seriously affect the safe operation of railway.As shown in Figure 1, it is set in roadbed both sides strict Sand- prevention system structure, including buffer zone and vegetation protection band, the purpose is in the range of the buffer zone of roadbed and both sides, prevent sand Grain accumulation.

To prevent the drift sand near roadbed both sides from departing from earth's surface under wind-force effect, heap at roadbed is moved to stream Product sets the structure for preventing drift sand from departing from earth's surface in buffer zone, is divided into two class of sand-prevention engineering structure and plant sand-prevention structure.Such as Shown in Fig. 2, sand-prevention engineering structure is frequently with grid sand-protecting barrier, earliest using wheat straw grid sand-protecting barrier, by wheat straw press-in sand 10 ~ 15cm, exposed 15 ~ 20 cm.Afterwards according to the building materials near railway, gather materials on the spot, develop out straw, reed, clay, branch etc. its The grid sand-protecting barrier of his pattern.Exposed 10 ~ the 30cm of earth's surface of various types grid sand-protecting barrier can reduce the wind speed of near surface, weaken wind-force, Prevent that the grains of sand depart from earth's surface, tackling quicksand in grid.

Plant sand-prevention structure is that drought-resistant Qiao, filling, the careless artificial vegetation being combined are planted in buffer zone.Herbaceous plant There is sand fixation；The weatherproof of shrub energy, sand bury, and play an important role of that resistance is husky and fixes the sand, improve roughness of ground surface, therefore also known as Living sand barrier；Arbor has reduction wind speed, reduces silt content effect in air-flow.

Sand-prevention engineering structure can use local material adaptation to local conditions, have from hydrologic condition limitation, the scope of application Extensively, low engineering cost, it is quick the characteristics of, on the other hand bury in sand, erode, under the influence of the natural causes such as sunshine, sand-prevention engineering There is the shortcomings that short needs of the protection time limit repeat to update in loss of function after the rotten corrupted of structure.Compared with sand-prevention engineering structure, plant Object sand-prevention structure has many advantages, such as that holding effect is remote, and can improve the ecological environment, and is more than 250mm areas in average annual rainfall, from Right condition is preferable, builds plant and is easier to, and in buffer zone planted agent preferentially using plant sand-prevention structure, is building plant sand-prevention structure At initial stage, plant seedlings are after wind erosion, sand bury, and survival rate is low, it is necessary in advance using the on the spot item of sand-prevention engineering structural improvement plant Part provides stable growing environment for plant seedlings.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide the sapling side of a kind of desert area railway bed both sides engineering and plant sand prevention Lattice sand-protecting barrier has both engineering and plant dustproof effect.

Technical solution is used by the utility model：

Desert area railway bed both sides engineering and the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of plant sand prevention, it is characterised in that：

Sand- prevention system structure is set in roadbed both sides, from inside to outside including fire guard, buffer zone and vegetation protection band；

Interstice coverage of the fire guard between roadbed slope foot or moat top and buffer zone, fire guard ground are provided with thick from inside to outside The thick circle gravel soil layer that degree reduces；

Buffer zone is provided with grid, and vegetation is provided in grid.

The grid of buffer zone is to bind rows of high sapling, and the vegetation in grid is arbuscle seedling or dry branch.

Grid is in a row made of diameter 10mm more thans sapling by the spacing binding of 50mm.

Configuration below diameter 10mm saplings or dry branch, are built in flakes by the square net of 1 ~ 1.5m length of sides in grid.

The utility model has the following advantages：

It is more than 250mm desert areas in average annual rainfall, the part grid sand-protecting barrier in the buffer zone of railway bed both sides is adopted With being set, being collected seedling, the sapling construction after nursery process by choosing, initial stage grid sand-protecting barrier has the function of sand-prevention engineering, for sapling certainly The growth of body provides stable environment；When sapling survives, after branch out, branch plays the effect that resistance is husky, fixes the sand, and just possesses plant The function of object sand prevention.Sapling grid sand-protecting barrier dual-use material, has been provided simultaneously with the function of sand-prevention engineering and plant sand prevention, has cost It is low, quick, holding effect is remote, the advantages that improving the ecological environment.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is sand- prevention system structure chart.

Fig. 2 is grid sand-protecting barrier figure.

Fig. 3 in a row schemes for sapling binding.

Fig. 4 is embedded to sand bed figure for sapling in a row.

In figure, the salix monogolica sapling of more than 1-diameter 10mm, the salix monogolica sapling of below 2-diameter 10mm or dry branch, 3- prevent Protecting band, 4- vegetation protection bands, 5- fire guards.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is described in detail With reference to embodiment.

The grid sand-protecting barrier of previous railway is built using the abiotic material such as wheat straw, straw, reed, clay, branch, this Utility model is to be more than the desert area of 250mm in average annual rainfall, and it is preferable to build the natural conditions of plant, using there is life Sapling build sapling grid sand-protecting barrier in flakes.After the completion of sapling grid sand-protecting barrier is built, carry out Zha Lan and go along with sb. to guard him, conserve, ensure sapling Normal growth.At the initial stage of construction, sapling grid sand-protecting barrier has the function of sand-prevention engineering, when sapling survives, after branch out, and just tool For the function of plant sand prevention.Sapling grid sand-protecting barrier dual-use material, has been provided simultaneously with the function of sand-prevention engineering and plant sand prevention.

The utility model is related to desert area railway bed both sides engineering and plant sand prevention sapling grid sand-protecting barrier, Yu Lu Base both sides set sand- prevention system structure, from inside to outside including fire guard 5, buffer zone 3 and vegetation protection band 4.

Interstice coverage of the fire guard 5 between roadbed slope foot or moat top and buffer zone 3,5 ground of fire guard are provided with from introversive The thick circle gravel soil layer that outer thickness reduces.5 width 20m of fire guard, thick circle gravel soil thick 2.0m wide pavings 0.2m, remaining outside slope foot or moat top 18m wide is laid with the thick thick circle gravel soil of 0.1m.

Buffer zone 3 is provided with grid, and vegetation is provided in grid.The grid of buffer zone 3 is square to bind rows of high sapling Vegetation in lattice is arbuscle seedling or dry branch.Grid is in a row made of diameter 10mm more thans sapling by the spacing binding of 50mm, Other isolation structures with hole such as protection network can be used.Late March to by the end of April with late October to early December two when Between section, start seedlings grid sand-protecting barrier.First prepare the sufficient sapling in a row bound, on prevailing wind slope is met, first plant master tape Sapling in a row, the sapling in a row of rear subband of constructing；On back of the body prevailing wind slope, preferably first along the sapling in a row of slope construction subband, then The sapling in a row of construction master tape from top to bottom.Using fluting method plant, sapling length be 60cm, lower buried depth degree 35cm, it is exposed 25cm is backfilled closely knit after plantation.Configuration below diameter 10mm saplings or dry branch in grid, by the square net of 1 ~ 1.5m length of sides Lattice are built in flakes.

Summer temperature is high, has evaporated the moisture content of shallow-layer sand bed within 250mm under earth's surface, sapling root must be implanted into subsurface 250mm, root can just absorb water and survive, and sapling buried depth 350mm, exposed 250 mm chokes of earth's surface fix the sand, and the two adds up to, sapling height Not less than 600mm.

It is more than the desert area of 250mm in average annual rainfall, the natural conditions for building plant are preferable.In late March to 4 The end of month and late October to during early December, using setting, collecting seedling, the sapling after nursery process by choosing, build sapling in flakes Grid sand-protecting barrier after the completion of sapling grid sand-protecting barrier is built, carries out Zha Lan and goes along with sb. to guard him, conserves, ensure sapling normal growth.It is building just Phase, sapling grid sand-protecting barrier have the function of sand-prevention engineering, when sapling survives, after branch out, just possess the work(of plant sand prevention Energy.Sapling grid sand-protecting barrier dual-use material, has been provided simultaneously with the function of sand-prevention engineering and plant sand prevention.

Below by way of Wula Shan Mountain to tin Buddhist nun's railway sandy road bed planar protective engineering, the specific implementation of the utility model is walked Rapid and method is described in detail.

Newly-built Wula Shan Mountain passes through the domestic storehouse of Ordos City northwestward Hangjin Banner to tin Buddhist nun railway main track overall length about 93Km Its desert of cloth.Hangjin Banner meteorological data shows, 6.3 DEG C, average annual rainfall 281.2mm of storehouse cloth its desert average temperature of the whole year, year 2630.0 mm of average evaporation capacity belongs to middle temperate zone continent arid climate area.Annual mean wind speed 3.9m/s, maximum timing wind speed 20.7m/s, maximum instantaneous power 24.3m/s, annual Windy Days（>=8 grades）27d, cardinal wind are South South-East, secondary leading Wind direction is northwester.The subgrade engineering location of grains of sand accumulation is being also easy to produce, strict sand- prevention system engineering is set in roadbed both sides, This area's average annual rainfall is more than 250mm, and it is preferable to build the natural conditions of plant, is preferentially prevented in buffer zone planted agent using plant Husky structure, railway bed both sides have built the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of 60 ~ 90m, its specific implementation steps are described below:

Step 1：Select seeds.Local desert tree is investigated, selection sapling survival rate is high, drought-enduring, growth is good Well, ability of fixing the sand is strong, adapts to the dominant tree of local condition, the salix monogolica that the local sand ground of this engineering selection blazons.

Step 2：It collects seedling.Experience have shown that healthy diameter 10 ~ 15mm sand ground willow shoot survival percents are generally more than 80%.Most Well using the sand ground Liu Miao that 3 years 10 ~ more than 15mm of diameter are grown after 3 ~ 4 years growth periods or stump, sapling answers N/D burl, nothing Pest and disease damage, the no sun are burnt, the wounds such as bark breakage

Step 3：It grows saplings.Place is flattened, the foundation pit of 500mm depths is dug, pours water in hole, by the sand ground Liu Miao under cutting down 600 mm are cut into, and bind bundled, in foundation pit of putting upside down, 100mm sandy soil is covered, then waters water, to ensure to cover before plantation Soil moistening, it is therefore prevented that salix monogolica sapling moisture loss and kind before germination, ensure with kind with.

Step 4：The binding of salix monogolica sapling is in a row.As shown in figure 3, more than diameter 10mm salix monogolica sapling 1 is chosen by 50mm's Spacing is bound, the salix monogolica sapling of below intermediate configurations diameter 10mm or dry branch 2.Branch binds rows of length with site operation Conveniently it is advisable.

Step 5：It cuts the earth and slots.As shown in figure 4, the exposed earth's surface 250mm chokes of salix monogolica sapling fix the sand；Desert summer temperature Height has evaporated the moisture content of 250mm shallow-layers sand bed under earth's surface, and salix monogolica sapling must be implanted into subsurface 250mm, and root can just be absorbed water into It is living, accordingly, salix monogolica sapling embedment sand bed 350mm.Sapling grid 1 ~ 1.5m of the length of side places baseline shoveling fluting, fluting by grid Depth 350mm.

Step 6：It starts seedlings.The time to start seedlings should be arranged in annual spring late March to by the end of April with autumn end 10 The last ten-days period to early December in the winter moon germinates for about 20 days after spring plantation, after Qiu Mo, winter planting, sapling hibernation, in May next year Part germination.Rows of salix monogolica sapling will be bound to be put into slot, tamped 2/3 slot with sand, then righting salix monogolica sapling, it is ensured that salix monogolica After sapling is vertical, remaining 1/3 slot is tamped with sand.When planting seedlings, leading weather is being met, master tape is first being built, builds subband afterwards； Leading weather is met in the back of the body, subband is first built, builds master tape afterwards.

Step 7：Step 4 ~ step 6 is repeated, until the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of section is completed.

Step 8：Zha Lan is gone along with sb. to guard him.After the completion of the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of section, to prevent cattle and sheep from trampling, gnawing destruction, edge Completed sapling grid sand-protecting barrier periphery is pricked and sets spur silk screen.

Step 9：Maintenance.It was found that the cut in sapling grid sand-protecting barrier area will be repaired in time；Such as weather continuous drought, should carry out Necessary pouring；In a growth cycle, to not germinateing, the region of long potential difference reseeds.

The content of the utility model is not limited to cited by embodiment, and those of ordinary skill in the art are new by reading this practicality Type specification and to any equivalent conversion that technical solutions of the utility model are taken, be the claim institute of the utility model Cover.

Claims (4)

1. desert area railway bed both sides engineering and the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of plant sand prevention, it is characterised in that：

Sand- prevention system structure is set in roadbed both sides, from inside to outside including fire guard（5）, buffer zone（3）With vegetation protection band （4）；

Fire guard（5）For roadbed slope foot or moat top and buffer zone（3）Between interstice coverage, fire guard（5）Ground is provided in The thick circle gravel soil layer that outside thickness reduces；

Buffer zone（3）Grid is provided with, vegetation is provided in grid.

2. desert area railway bed both sides engineering according to claim 1 and the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of plant sand prevention, It is characterized in that：

Buffer zone（3）Grid to bind rows of high sapling, the vegetation in grid is arbuscle seedling or dry branch.

3. desert area railway bed both sides engineering according to claim 2 and the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of plant sand prevention, It is characterized in that：

Grid is in a row made of diameter 10mm more thans sapling by the spacing binding of 50mm.

4. desert area railway bed both sides engineering according to claim 1 and the sapling grid sand-protecting barrier of plant sand prevention, It is characterized in that：

Configuration below diameter 10mm saplings or dry branch, are built in flakes by the square net of 1 ~ 1.5m length of sides in grid.