CN113243247A - Cultivation medium for interplanting edible fungi in camellia oleifera forest and preparation method - Google Patents
Cultivation medium for interplanting edible fungi in camellia oleifera forest and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113243247A CN113243247A CN202110551955.6A CN202110551955A CN113243247A CN 113243247 A CN113243247 A CN 113243247A CN 202110551955 A CN202110551955 A CN 202110551955A CN 113243247 A CN113243247 A CN 113243247A
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- shell
- edible fungi
- camellia oleifera
- camellia
- bamboo shoot
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture medium for interplanting edible fungi in a tea-oil tree forest and a preparation method thereof, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of camellia oleifera shell, 10-30% of couch grass, 3-5% of bamboo shoot shell and 0.5-1% of nutrient solution, wherein the camellia oleifera shell is granular, and the bamboo shoot shell is flaky. The substrate of the invention is softened and loosened, and the oil-tea camellia shell is easier to be absorbed and utilized by the edible fungi hypha.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a culture medium for interplanting edible fungi in a camellia oleifera forest and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Camellia oleifera is a main woody oil tree species in south China, and is generally planted in mountain areas and low hilly lands. The tea oil extracted from the camellia oleifera fruits is pure natural green health-care edible oil, has good flavor, good oil quality and high nutritional value, can reduce cholesterol in blood after being eaten frequently, and is called as king in oil. In recent years, the development of the oil tea industry is highly emphasized by China, and the development of the oil tea industry is taken as a strategic measure for improving the edible oil structure of people and maintaining the national oil safety, so that the development of oil tea planting has wide prospects.
In order to fully utilize the space and increase the economic benefit, people try to interplant economic crops in newly planted camellia oleifera forests. At present, edible fungi and oil tea are interplanted and cultivated in agricultural planting, for example, an organic tea garden interplanting method with the Chinese patent number of CN202011083782.1 utilizes the growth characteristics of the edible fungi, can effectively utilize the sharing advantages of space, illumination and water and fertilizer resources, effectively utilizes the resources, utilizes the traditional tea tree fertilizer to prepare an edible fungi bag and returns the edible fungi bag to a tea garden, not only improves the area yield of the tea garden, but also reduces the production cost, in addition, the emergence rate and the emergence period are effectively improved through nutrition treatment before ginger planting, and the quick and effective circulation of energy is realized.
From the current research, the related technical research of interplanting of the camellia oleifera forest is gradually developed, but a lot of blanks exist, and related industries such as facility matching, variety development, cultivation matrix selection and the like are not matched with the related industries.
The agricultural and forestry organic matrix is biological energy source produced by converting wastes produced in agriculture and forestry through a certain method. The utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes is an effective way for recycling resources. As a large agricultural country, a large amount of agricultural and forestry wastes with rich varieties can be generated in the agricultural and forestry production process of China, the agricultural and forestry wastes are usually discarded at will in the agricultural and forestry production or are only subjected to simple backfilling and burning treatment, so that the resource waste is greatly caused, the sustainable and healthy development of the agricultural and forestry production of China is not facilitated, the camellia oleifera shells, the bamboo shoot shells and the thatch are used as wastes which are commonly used as culture mediums, related reports of the reutilization of the camellia oleifera shells, the bamboo shoot shells and the thatch exist in the prior art, but the disclosed reutilization method is generally single or too complex in a multi-level mode, and is not suitable for the cultivation of interplanting edible fungi in the camellia oleifera forest.
In recent years, edible fungi are also interplanted by using agricultural and forestry organic matters such as oil tea shells, bamboo shoot shells, couch grass or wood chips and the like in China, and the edible fungi are hindered from growing because the raw materials are not soaked to cause large pollution of mixed fungi; secondly, the culture medium is not scientifically formulated, the culture medium C, N is in imbalance of nutrition, no nutrient elements required by the growth of the edible fungi are added, the growth of the edible fungi is weak, and the yield is low; thirdly, the culture medium is single, the physical structure of the particles is poor, the ventilation is poor, the growth of the edible fungi is poor, and the yield is low.
Therefore, the application develops a culture medium prepared by using wastes and a method for interplanting edible fungi in a camellia oleifera forest by using the culture medium.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention improves and innovates the structure of the existing cultivation hole, and provides a cultivation medium for interplanting edible fungi in a camellia oleifera forest and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a culture medium for interplanting edible fungi in a camellia oleifera forest, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of camellia oleifera shell, 10-30% of couch grass, 3-5% of bamboo shoot shell and 0.5-1% of nutrient solution, wherein the camellia oleifera shell is granular, and the bamboo shoot shell is flaky.
The culture medium is applied to the interplanting of edible fungi under the camellia oleifera forest, and then high-quality edible fungi products can be produced.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a culture medium for interplanting edible fungi in a camellia oleifera forest, which comprises the following steps:
s1 oil tea hull soaking treatment: firstly, crushing oil-tea camellia shells into particles with the size of 3-4cm, then soaking the oil-tea camellia shell particles for 3-7 days by using pickle liquor with a low pH value, and softening the oil-tea camellia shell particles for later use;
s2 bamboo shoot shell treatment: naturally airing fresh bamboo shoot shells, and crushing the fresh bamboo shoot shells into 1-2 cm-sized fragments;
s3 mixing the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of camellia oleifera shell, 10-30% of couch grass, 3-5% of bamboo shoot shell and 0.5-1% of nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: bean dregs 0.3-0.45 wt%, tobacco stem powder 0.1-0.2 wt%, lime 0.1-0.2 wt% and gypsum 0.05-0.15 wt%.
Preferably, the pH value of the pickle liquid is less than or equal to 0.1.
Preferably, the interplanted edible fungi comprise black-skin collybia albuminosa, agrocybe cylindracea, bamboo fungus and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the pickle liquor with low pH value is creatively utilized to carry out the soaking and softening treatment of the oil-tea camellia shell, so that the soap alkali in the oil-tea camellia shell is efficiently neutralized, and the wood fiber in the oil-tea camellia shell can be primarily degraded, so that the matrix is softened and loosened, and the oil-tea camellia shell is easier to be absorbed and utilized by edible fungus hypha; crop straws, oil tea shells and bamboo shoot shells are creatively combined for use and matched with natural nutrient solution to serve as edible fungi for interplanting under an oil tea forest, so that the pollution of germs is reduced, and the growth of the edible fungi is facilitated.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art and the advantages of the present invention, the embodiments will be described below, it is obvious that the following descriptions are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other equivalent manners can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts.
Detailed Description
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the cultivation medium for interplanting edible fungi in the camellia oleifera forest and the preparation method thereof are disclosed by the embodiment, and the cultivation medium for interplanting edible fungi in the camellia oleifera forest comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of camellia oleifera shell, 10-30% of couch grass, 3-5% of bamboo shoot shell and 0.5-1% of nutrient solution, wherein the camellia oleifera shell is granular, and the bamboo shoot shell is in a thin section shape.
After the culture medium is applied to cultivation of interplanting edible fungi in the camellia oleifera forest, high-quality edible fungi products can be produced.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a culture medium for interplanting edible fungi in a camellia oleifera forest, which comprises the following steps:
s1 oil tea hull soaking treatment: firstly, crushing oil-tea camellia shells into particles with the size of 3-4cm, then soaking the oil-tea camellia shell particles for 3-7 days by using pickle liquor with a low pH value, and softening the oil-tea camellia shell particles for later use;
s2 bamboo shoot shell treatment: naturally airing fresh bamboo shoot shells, and crushing the fresh bamboo shoot shells into 1-2 cm-sized fragments;
s3 mixing the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of camellia oleifera shell, 10-30% of couch grass, 3-5% of bamboo shoot shell and 0.5-1% of nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: bean dregs 0.3-0.45 wt%, tobacco stem powder 0.1-0.2 wt%, lime 0.1-0.2 wt% and gypsum 0.05-0.15 wt%.
Preferably, the pH value of the pickle liquid is less than or equal to 0.1.
The process of interplanting edible fungi in the camellia oleifera forest by using the substrate comprises the following steps: selecting raw materials: selecting local camellia oleifera shells, couch grass and bamboo shoot shell powder as cultivation raw materials of the edible fungi;
soaking and softening the camellia oleifera shells;
mixing the raw materials in proportion;
fourthly, nutrient solution is added.
The embodiment of the invention and the existing common matrix are subjected to a contrast test of interplanting agrocybe cylindracea under a camellia oleifera forest and cultivation, and the test results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 specific formulations of comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and example 1
The method comprises the following steps of adopting the formulas of a comparative example 1, a comparative example 2, a comparative example 3 and an example 1 to carry out an agrocybe aegerita interplanting cultivation test under an oil-tea camellia forest in certain areas of Hunan, carrying out no soaking treatment on oil-tea camellia shells and no addition of nutrient solution in the comparative example 3, carrying out conventional field management (including hypha growth management, fruiting management and oil-tea camellia cultivation management) in a cultivation process, testing and comparing the following parameters, taking average values of the test results, and obtaining the comparison result as the following table 2:
TABLE 2 test results
| Test items | Example 1 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Growth of hyphae | ++++ | ++ | +++ | ++ |
| Fruiting yield | 10kg/m2 | 5kg/m2 | 7kg/m2 | 5kg/m2 |
| Biological conversion rate of first mushroom | 45％ | 27％ | 32％ | 28％ |
| Contamination rate of mixed bacteria | 0.5％ | 3.5％ | 2.8％ | 3.8％ |
| High-quality rate of mushroom | 83.6％ | 67.1％ | 71.4％ | 60.9％ |
Note: "+ + + +, + + + + + + +" indicates that the hyphal growth is from weak to strong.
The cultivation matrix prepared by the preparation method is used for carrying out the cultivation test of interplanting edible fungi in the camellia oleifera forest, the yield of the comparative example is lower from the result, the edible fungi pollution rate is low, the fruiting yield is high and the high-quality mushroom rate is high in the embodiment by soaking the camellia oleifera shells and using the nutrient solution, so that the method for interplanting the edible fungi in the cultivation matrix effectively reduces the pollution rate of the miscellaneous fungi, promotes the growth of the edible fungi, improves the yield, promotes the growth of camellia oleifera plants and reduces the occurrence of diseases compared with the growth of the camellia oleifera forest in which the edible fungi are not interplanted, and the yield increasing effect is achieved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The cultivation medium for interplanting edible fungi in the camellia oleifera forest is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of camellia oleifera shell, 10-30% of couch grass, 3-5% of bamboo shoot shell and 0.5-1% of nutrient solution, wherein the camellia oleifera shell is granular, and the bamboo shoot shell is in a thin section shape.
2. The cultivation medium for interplanting edible fungi in the camellia oleifera forest according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the cultivation medium comprises the following steps:
s1 oil tea hull soaking treatment: firstly, crushing oil-tea camellia shells into particles with the size of 3-4cm, then soaking the oil-tea camellia shell particles for 3-7 days by using pickle liquor with a low pH value, and softening the oil-tea camellia shell particles for later use;
s2 bamboo shoot shell treatment: naturally airing fresh bamboo shoot shells, and crushing the fresh bamboo shoot shells into thin sections with the size of 1-2 cm;
s3 mixing the following components in percentage by weight: 70-80% of camellia oleifera shell, 10-30% of couch grass, 3-5% of bamboo shoot shell and 0.5-1% of nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: bean dregs 0.3-0.45 wt%, tobacco stem powder 0.1-0.2 wt%, lime 0.1-0.2 wt% and gypsum 0.05-0.15 wt%.
3. The cultivation substrate for interplanting edible fungi in a camellia oleifera forest as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pH value of the pickle liquor is less than or equal to 0.1.
4. The cultivation substrate for interplanting edible fungi in the camellia oleifera forest as claimed in claim 2, wherein the interplanted edible fungi comprise black-skinned collybia albuminosa, agrocybe cylindracea and dictyophora phalloidea.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102875239A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-16 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Culture medium for edible fungi and production method of culture medium |
| CN103304341A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-09-18 | 王龙 | Agrocybe cylindracea culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN105379558A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-09 | 蔡凤文 | Method for cultivating oyster mushroom with thatch and mulberry leaves as main raw materials |
| CN110663450A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2020-01-10 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Method for preparing edible fungus culture medium from camellia oleifera shells |
| CN111972214A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-24 | 安徽裕民生态农业有限公司 | Method for preparing edible fungus culture medium by using camellia oleifera shells |
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- 2021-05-20 CN CN202110551955.6A patent/CN113243247A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102875239A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-16 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Culture medium for edible fungi and production method of culture medium |
| CN103304341A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-09-18 | 王龙 | Agrocybe cylindracea culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN105379558A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-09 | 蔡凤文 | Method for cultivating oyster mushroom with thatch and mulberry leaves as main raw materials |
| CN110663450A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2020-01-10 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Method for preparing edible fungus culture medium from camellia oleifera shells |
| CN111972214A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-24 | 安徽裕民生态农业有限公司 | Method for preparing edible fungus culture medium by using camellia oleifera shells |
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