CN113233882A - 一种体导电石英的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种体导电石英的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113233882A
CN113233882A CN202110531522.4A CN202110531522A CN113233882A CN 113233882 A CN113233882 A CN 113233882A CN 202110531522 A CN202110531522 A CN 202110531522A CN 113233882 A CN113233882 A CN 113233882A
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胡友旺
孙小燕
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Central South University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种体导电石英的制备方法,主要包括以下步骤:(1)将二氧化硅纳米颗粒、银纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)溶液和聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液混合,将混合物搅拌均匀后,蒸发溶剂,得到固体热塑性纳米复合材料;(2)使用挤出机将固体复合材料塑化并挤出,将固体热塑性纳米复合材料变成颗粒状的原料;(3)将原料在120℃‑150℃下压模成型,得到生胚;(4)将生坯浸入35‑50℃的水中8‑12小时,进行初步溶剂脱脂,去除大部分PEG粘合剂;(5)在550℃‑650℃环境下保温1小时,进行第二次溶剂脱脂,去除残留的PEG粘合剂;(6)将脱脂后的材料在1200℃‑1300℃的真空环境下烧结,得到体导电石英。本发明制备工艺简单高效,制备过程能耗低,制备的体导电石英结构精度高、表面粗糙度小,具有广泛的应用前景。

Description

一种体导电石英的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种体导电石英的制备方法。
背景技术
石英是一种以二氧化硅为主要成分的非金属矿物,在玻璃、陶瓷、耐火材料、机械铸造、冶金和化工等传统行业领域有着广泛的应用。同时,随着科学技术的进步,石英因其具有良好的机械和热学特性作,在航天、航空、航海、军事、通讯等高科技领域具有很高的应用前景。
由于石英的塑形技术一直没有取得突破性的进展,现有技术加工微米级石英结构,存在工艺复杂,成本高,精度低,表面粗糙度大等问题。此外,由于石英导电性差,为了实现特殊场合下的特定功能,如静电驱动、电容检测等,还需对石英结构进行表面金属化处理。表面金属化处理只能提高石英材料表面的导电性,无法提高材料内部的导电性,并且会严重影响石英结构的品质因数。相较于表面导电,体导电材料具有更好的导电与电容特性,更适用于高精度微小结构。因此提出一种高精度的体导电石英的制备方法具有重要意义。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
基于上述问题,本发明提供一种高精度的体导电石英的制备方法。
(二)技术方案
基于上述的技术问题,本发明采取的技术方案是通过压模工艺将掺杂了导电成分的热塑性纳米复合材料定型,再利用烧结的方法将热塑性材料转变为具有体导电性的石英玻璃结构。体导电石英的制备方法,主要包括以下步骤:
(1)将二氧化硅纳米颗粒、导电成分与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)溶液和聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液混合,将混合物搅拌均匀后,蒸发溶剂,得到固体热塑性复合材料;
(2)造粒,使用挤出机将固体复合材料塑化并挤出,将固体热塑性纳米复合材料变成颗粒状的原料;
(3)将原料在120℃-150℃下压模成型,得到生胚;
(4)将生坯浸入35-50℃的水中8-12小时,进行初步溶剂脱脂,去除大部分PEG粘合剂;
(5)在550℃-650℃环境下保温1小时,进行第二部溶剂脱脂,去除残留的PEG粘合剂;
(6)将脱脂后的材料在1200℃-1300℃的真空环境下烧结,得到体导电石英;
本发明采取的技术方案还包括:
分层体导电石英的制备方法,主要包括以下步骤:
(1)将二氧化硅纳米颗粒、导电成分与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)溶液和聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液混合,将混合物搅拌均匀后,蒸发溶剂,得到含有导电成分的固体复合材料;
(2)使用挤出机将固体复合材料塑化并挤出,得到含有导电成分的原料1;
(3)将二氧化硅纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)溶液和聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液混合。将混合物搅拌均匀后,蒸发溶剂,得到不含导电成分的固体复合材料;
(4)使用挤出机将固体复合材料塑化并挤出,得到不含导电成分的原料2;
(5)将原料1在120℃-150℃下压模成型,得到生坯1。不将生坯1脱模,再加入原料2在120℃-150℃下二次压模成型,得到生坯2;
(6)将生坯2浸入35-50℃的水中8-12小时,进行初步溶剂脱脂,去除大部分PEG粘合剂;
(7)在550℃-650℃环境下保温1小时,进行第二部溶剂脱脂,去除残留的PEG粘合剂;
(8)将脱脂后的材料在1200℃-1300℃的真空环境下烧结,得到分层体导电的石英结构,其中不含导电成分的石英层绝缘,含导电成分的石英层具有较好的体导电性。
进一步地,所述导电成分为金属纳米颗粒,可以是银纳米颗粒、金纳米颗粒、铜纳米颗粒等。
(三)有益效果
本发明的上述技术方案具有如下优点:
(1)本发明所述的制备方法,工艺简单高效,制备过程能耗低。
(2)本发明所述制备方法制备的体导电石英具有结构精度高、导电性好、品质因数高等优点。

Claims (5)

1.一种体导电石英的制备方法,其特征在于:主要包括以下步骤:
(1)将二氧化硅纳米颗粒、导电成分与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)溶液和聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液混合,将混合物搅拌均匀后,蒸发溶剂,得到固体热塑性复合材料;
(2)造粒:使用挤出机将固体复合材料塑化并挤出,将固体热塑性纳米复合材料变成颗粒状的原料;
(3)将原料在120℃-150℃下压模成型,得到生胚;
(4)将生坯浸入35-50℃的水中8-12小时,进行初步溶剂脱脂,去除大部分PEG粘合剂;
(5)在550℃-650℃环境下保温1小时,进行第二次溶剂脱脂,去除残留的PEG粘合剂;
(6)将脱脂后的材料在1200℃-1300℃的真空环境下烧结,得到体导电石英。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所选用的导电成分为金属纳米颗粒,可以是银纳米颗粒、金纳米颗粒、铜纳米颗粒等。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述体导电石英可以是分层体导电石英,由权利要求1中所述的体导电石英和普通石英两种材料组成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的分层体导电石英,其特征在于:包括双层石英结构,由权利要求1所述的体导电石英和普通石英两种材料组成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的分层体导电石英,其特征在于,制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将二氧化硅纳米颗粒、导电成分与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)溶液和聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液混合,将混合物搅拌均匀后,蒸发溶剂,得到含有导电成分的固体复合材料;
(2)使用挤出机将固体复合材料塑化并挤出,得到含有导电成分的原料1;
(3)将二氧化硅纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)溶液和聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液混合。将混合物搅拌均匀后,蒸发溶剂,得到不含导电成分的固体复合材料;
(4)使用挤出机将固体复合材料塑化并挤出,得到不含导电成分的原料2;
(5)将原料1在120℃-150℃下压模成型,得到生坯1。不将生坯1脱模,再加入原料2在120℃-150℃下二次压模成型,得到生坯2;
(6)将生坯2浸入35-50℃的水中8-12小时,进行初步溶剂脱脂,去除大部分PEG粘合剂;
(7)在550℃-650℃环境下保温1小时,进行第二部溶剂脱脂,去除残留的PEG粘合剂;
(8)将脱脂后的材料在1200℃-1300℃的真空环境下烧结,得到分层体导电石英结构。
CN202110531522.4A 2021-05-17 2021-05-17 一种体导电石英的制备方法 Pending CN113233882A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN114455838A (zh) * 2022-02-22 2022-05-10 浙江工商大学 一种飞灰或二次飞灰的易挥发重金属固定方法

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CN114455838A (zh) * 2022-02-22 2022-05-10 浙江工商大学 一种飞灰或二次飞灰的易挥发重金属固定方法
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Application publication date: 20210810