CN113229016B

CN113229016B - Deep root induction planting method suitable for urban wind-resistant green road arbor

Info

Publication number: CN113229016B
Application number: CN202110488972.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘月; 赵秀芳; 王佳; 温莉花; 胡健; 何建政; 粟春青; 陈雪; 田利
Original assignee: Lingnan Eco and Culture Tourism Co Ltd
Current assignee: Lingnan Eco and Culture Tourism Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-29
Filing date: 2021-04-29
Publication date: 2023-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-29
Also published as: CN113229016A

Abstract

The invention provides a deep root induced planting method suitable for urban wind-resistant green road arbor, belonging to the field of landscaping and comprising the following steps; s1, excavating a tree pit, excavating the tree pit according to the specification of the nursery stock and the size of a soil ball at the root of the nursery stock, and reserving excavated raw soil for later use; s2, paving a water retention layer, paving and compacting above a plain soil layer at the bottom of the tree pit, punching a hole in the center of the tree pit, and then pushing a vertical nutrition column; s3, planting the nursery stock, namely placing the nursery stock with the soil ball into a tree pit, adjusting the planting direction, and continuously filling the improved nutrition soil layer until the half height of the soil ball is compacted; s4, backfilling the tree pits, paving a small-particle-size gravel layer above the improved nutrient soil layer, and paving a large-particle-size gravel layer above the small-particle-size gravel layer to the upper surface of the tree pit; s5, fixing the nursery stock, and fixing the nursery stock by using a tree support frame after the tree pit is backfilled. The invention can improve the infiltration speed of rainwater in urban green land, avoid a large amount of rainwater from accumulating and flowing back to municipal roads and reduce municipal drainage pressure.

Description

Deep root induction planting method suitable for urban wind-resistant green road arbor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of landscaping, relates to urban green road tree planting, and particularly relates to a deep root induced planting method suitable for urban wind-resistant green road trees.

Background

China is one of the most seriously affected countries in the world by typhoon, and the southeast coastal region can be attacked by typhoon in 7-9 months each year. Typhoon is often accompanied with heavy rainfall, wind disaster and storm surge, can cause serious harm such as landscape plant wind break, lodging, etc. and every year, the many areas of typhoon appear a large amount of trees, especially street tree lodging, the phenomenon of rupture after the typhoon crosses the border. The street trees fall down in a large range, which is related to the 'heavy head and light foot' and weak wind resistance of some trees. The reason why the trees are light in weight is that the planted street trees are shallow-rooted tree species, the root system growth conditions of the trees are related to urban underground environment and space limitation, a small space is left for some trees during planting, and after paving and hardening, tree pits are not large enough, the root systems cannot be pricked into deeper soil in a short time, so that the root systems grow very slowly. And southeast coastal area annual rainwater is sufficient, and the moisture on earth's surface planting layer is enough to support plant life cycle, leads to some trees root systems to often float on the surface, and root system lateral development destroys the municipal road surface, can't prick deeply downwards, and green land planting soil structure closely hardens easily simultaneously, and it is slow to appear that green land rainwater infiltration rate often appears in flood season, and large tracts of land ponding appears in the green land, and the backward flow goes into the municipal drainage mouth at last, increases municipal drainage pressure, and plant roots soaks in the middle of the rainwater for a long time, and the root system vomits, the tree vigor reduces, finally the dead condition of plant appears.

The growth rate of a tree species is generally inversely proportional to the lifetime, i.e., the faster the growth rate, the shorter the lifetime, the slower the growth rate, and the longer the lifetime. Neither too fast nor too slow is ideal for growth rate. Although the tree species with too fast growth speed can quickly emerge to form huge tree crowns, the lignification degree is not high, the wind resistance is poor, meanwhile, the tree species can quickly enter the old age, and the seedling changing cost is increased. The tree species with too low growth speed can form better tree crowns after being planted for a long time, and shade and landscape are provided. In the aspect of street tree selection, balance needs to be made on the aspects of urban adaptability, shading effect, wind resistance, ecological effect and the like, wind resistance is not the only standard for tree selection, urban plant diversity and ecological functions need to be considered in garden planning, and habitat is provided for other organisms in cities, so that some plants with undeveloped root systems tend to be generated in the plant planting process. However, for cities threatened by typhoon, wind resistance (deep rooting and developed root system) must be taken as a primary consideration.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a deep root induction planting method for urban wind-resistant green channel trees, which is applied to coastal areas in south China or areas with strong wind and frequent rainwater, induces the deep root development of the green channel trees, improves the wind resistance of the green channel trees, improves the rainwater infiltration speed of urban green lands, prevents a large amount of rainwater from accumulating and flowing back to municipal roads, and reduces the municipal drainage pressure.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the deep root induction planting method is suitable for wind-resistant green road arbor deep root induction planting in cities, and comprises the following steps;

s1, excavating a tree pit, excavating the tree pit according to the specification of the nursery stock and the size of a soil ball at the root of the nursery stock, and reserving excavated raw soil for later use;

s2, paving a water retention layer, paving and compacting above a plain soil layer at the bottom of the tree pit, punching a hole in the center of the tree pit, and then pushing a vertical nutrition column;

s3, planting the nursery stock, namely placing the nursery stock with the soil ball into a tree pit, adjusting the planting direction, and continuously filling the improved nutrition soil layer until the half height of the soil ball is compacted;

s4, backfilling the tree pits, paving a small-particle-size gravel layer above the improved nutrient soil layer, and paving a large-particle-size gravel layer above the small-particle-size gravel layer to the upper surface of the tree pit;

s5, fixing the nursery stock, and fixing the nursery stock by using a tree support frame after the tree pit is backfilled.

Further, in step S2, the thickness of the water retention layer is 15-25cm, the punching depth is 40-55cm, and the punching diameter is 8-10cm.

Further, the vertical nutrient column is a composite slow-release rod fertilizer.

Furthermore, after the nutrition soil layer is compacted, 3 holes are drilled in the regular triangle direction around the nursery stock soil ball, wherein 1 hole is added for every 10cm of the diameter of the breast height of the tree in the street of more than 20cm, the drilling distances are evenly distributed, and the tree is also pushed into the vertical nutrition column.

Furthermore, the root of the street tree below 20cm is irrigated by using 10-15mg/L ABT rooting agent, and the root of the street tree above 20cm is irrigated by using 15-20mg/L ABT rooting agent.

Furthermore, an observation well pipe is arranged on one side of the soil ball, a water seepage hole is arranged on the pipe wall of the lower part of the observation well pipe, and the lower part of the observation well pipe is inserted into the lower part of the improved nutrition soil layer.

Furthermore, the water retention layer is formed by mixing coarse sand, raw soil, coconut coir and water-absorbing resin, wherein the volume ratio of the coarse sand to the raw soil to the coconut coir is 1.5-2:3-5:1-1.5, and the water-absorbing resin is polyacrylamide-acrylic acid type super absorbent resin and accounts for 0.5-0.8% of the mass fraction.

Further, the improved nutrient soil layer contains organic matter mixed compost and a compound microbial agent, wherein the compound microbial agent accounts for 0.8-1.5% of the mass fraction; the organic matter mixed compost comprises garden waste, rice hulls, earthworm fertilizer, corn straws, decomposed chicken manure and humus, and the volume ratio is that (10); the microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and trichoderma harzianum in a mass ratio of 5.

Furthermore, the small-particle-size gravel layer comprises 2-7cm of construction gravel, coarse sand and raw soil, and the proportion is 1:2-3.5.

Further, the large-particle-size gravel layer comprises construction gravel, bark and raw soil with the particle size of 8-15cm, and the mixture is uniformly stirred, wherein the proportion of the three is 1.5-2.5.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects.

1. The invention is mainly applied to coastal areas in south China or areas with typhoon weather of rainwater, can improve the infiltration speed of rainwater in urban green land, avoid a large amount of rainwater from accumulating and flowing back to municipal roads and slow down municipal drainage pressure;

2. the urban green channel structure can improve the porosity of planting soil, enhance the air permeability, promote the breathing of plant roots, avoid the occurrence of the rotten condition of the plant roots caused by water accumulation, improve the dissolved oxygen of the plant roots, improve the growth environment of the plant roots, promote the downward growth of the plant roots and avoid the damage of the plant roots to surface layer roads.

3. The planting method can promote the root system of the plant to find the water and fertilizer downwards through the induction of the water and fertilizer, promote the downward growth of vertical roots, and promote the development of new roots and the growth of the plant by applying high-quality organic fertilizer, microbial inoculum and plant growth regulating substances, thereby finally improving the wind resistance of the plant.

4. According to the plant planting structure, the large-particle-size gravel layer and the small-particle-size gravel layer comprehensively utilize broken building wastes, urban building wastes are consumed, meanwhile, the structure of a planting soil layer is improved, soil hardening is improved, the porosity of planting soil is improved, and the phenomenon that the growth of a plant root system is damaged due to soil compaction caused by long-time rolling of pedestrians and vehicles is avoided; meanwhile, the infiltration rate under the green land is enhanced, and the urban rainwater is absorbed and purified, so that the effects of rainwater purification and rapid absorption are achieved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the application of the method for deep root induced planting of wind-resistant green-channel trees in cities.

Reference numerals:

1. a large-particle-size crushed stone layer; 2. a small particle size crushed stone layer; 3. a modified soil layer; 4. a water retention layer; 5. a plain soil layer; 6. a vertical nutrient column; 7. observing the well pipe; 8. and (5) nursery stocks.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the invention relates to a wind-resistant deep root induction planting method for green channel trees in cities, which comprises the following steps;

s1, excavating a tree pit, excavating the tree pit according to the specification of the nursery stock 8 and the size of a soil ball at the root of the nursery stock 8, and reserving excavated raw soil for later use;

s2, paving a water retention layer 4, paving and compacting above a vegetable soil layer 5 at the bottom of a tree pit, punching the center of the tree pit, pushing a vertical nutrition column 6, wherein the thickness of the water retention layer 4 is 15-25cm, the punching depth is 40-55cm, the punching diameter is 8-10cm, and the vertical nutrition column 6 is a composite slow-release rod fertilizer;

s3, planting the nursery stock 8, putting the nursery stock 8 with the soil ball into a tree pit, adjusting the planting direction, and continuously filling an improved nutrition soil layer until the half height of the soil ball is compacted;

s4, backfilling the tree pits, paving a small-particle-size gravel layer 2 above the improved nutrient soil layer, and paving a large-particle-size gravel layer 1 above the small-particle-size gravel layer 2 to the upper surface of the tree pit;

s5, fixing the nursery stock 8, and after the tree pit is backfilled, fixing the nursery stock 8 by using a tree support frame to prevent the nursery stock 8 from shaking by strong wind to cause a new root breaking phenomenon.

Preferably, 3 holes are punched around 8 soil balls of the nursery stock in a regular triangle direction, wherein 1 hole is added for each 10cm increase of the breast diameter of the street tree above 20cm, the punching distances are uniformly distributed, the vertical nutrition column 6 is also pushed, the street tree below 20cm is irrigated with 10-15mg/L ABT rooting agent, the street tree above 20cm is irrigated with 15-20mg/L ABT rooting agent, and the rooting, seedling strengthening and growth development of the transplanted nursery stock 8 are promoted.

Preferably, an observation well pipe 7 is arranged on one side of the soil ball, a water seepage hole is arranged on the pipe wall at the lower part of the observation well pipe 7, and the lower part of the observation well pipe 7 is inserted into the lower part of the improved nutrition soil layer.

Preferably, the small-particle-size gravel layer 2 comprises 2-7cm of construction gravel, coarse sand and raw soil in a ratio of 1:2-3.5, and preferably, the large-particle-size gravel layer 1 comprises construction gravel, bark and raw soil with the particle size of 8-15cm and is uniformly stirred, wherein the ratio of the three is 1.5-2.5.

The embodiment is as follows: 1. selecting green land of Dongbao park in Dongguan city, selecting Cinnamomum camphora with specification of 16cm, digging trapezoidal tree pits with diameter of upper opening of 1.4m, diameter of lower opening of 1.2m and depth of 0.8-1m according to specification of nursery stock of 8, and reserving original soil.

2. Continuously excavating downwards for 15-25cm, filling a water retention layer 4 medium for 15-25cm, compacting, punching a hole with the depth of 40-55cm and the diameter of 8-10cm at the center of a tree pit by using a punching machine, and then pushing a vertical nutrition column 6, wherein the vertical nutrition column 6 is a composite slow-release rod fertilizer, the composite slow-release rod fertilizer is prepared by mixing organic-inorganic composite slow-release rod fertilizers commonly used in the market, the length of the composite slow-release rod fertilizer is 10-20cm, and the diameter of the composite slow-release rod fertilizer is commonly 5-8cm.

3. Placing the camphor trees into the tree holes, and adjusting the planting direction. An observation well pipe 7 is arranged on one side of the soil ball, a water seepage hole is arranged on the pipe wall of the lower part of the observation well pipe 7, and the lower part of the observation well pipe 7 is inserted into the lower part of the improved nutrition soil layer. Continuously filling improved nutrient soil 40-55cm (to half height of the soil ball), compacting, punching 3 holes around the camphor soil ball in a regular triangle direction, uniformly distributing the holes at a certain distance, pushing the camphor soil ball into the vertical nutrient columns 6, and leveling and improving the nutrient soil layer. And (3) irrigating roots by using 10-15mg/L ABT rooting agent to promote the transplanted nursery stock 8 to take root and strengthen the seedling and enhance the growth and development.

The improved nutrition soil layer comprises an organic matter mixed compost (volume ratio of garden waste, rice hulls, earthworm fertilizer, corn straws, decomposed chicken manure to humus is: 10.

4. And (2) paving a small-particle-size gravel layer 2 with the height of 15-25cm above the improved nutrition soil layer, wherein the particle size of the building gravel is 2-5cm, and the volume ratio of the building gravel to the bark to the original soil is 1.

5. And (3) paving a large-particle-size gravel layer 1 with the particle size of 20-25cm above the small-particle-size gravel layer 2, wherein the volume ratio of the construction gravel with the particle size of 8-15cm to the coarse sand to the raw soil is 1.5.

6. The large-particle-size gravel layer 1 and the small-particle-size gravel layer 2 improve the soil structure of the surface layer of the tree pit of the original street through building gravel (building rubbish), coarse sand and bark, so that rainwater is prevented from accumulating on the surface layer of the soil for a long time in a rainy region, the root system of the tree is enabled to grow and float on the surface, and the wind resistance of the tree is reduced; through the structural improvement, a stable soil structure is constructed, the situation that the planting soil structure collapses due to the fact that pedestrians and bicycles roll tree holes is avoided, the growth space of the plant root system is reduced, and the air permeability of the plant root system is increased; and moreover, rainwater in the flood season is accelerated to rapidly infiltrate downwards, the phenomenon that the rainwater accumulates in the tree pits to cause the water vomit of the root system is avoided, and meanwhile, the permeability of the rainwater in the green channel is improved. Meanwhile, the recycling of the construction waste is realized, the recycling cost of the construction waste is reduced, and the recycling rate of resources is improved.

7. And (3) scattering the residual original soil into the tree pit, and fixing the tree pit by using a tree support frame after the tree pit is backfilled, so that the newly planted nursery stock 8 is prevented from shaking by strong wind, the newly planted nursery stock 8 is prevented from lodging, and the phenomenon that the new root is broken by the strong wind is avoided.

8. The water retention layer 4 relates to a medium which is improved soil, and comprises the following components of coarse sand, raw soil, coconut chaff, water-absorbent resin and a mixed water-storage medium soil layer which is used as a bottom water-storage layer, the soil can be mixed with fertilizing nutrient soil, the volume ratio of the coarse sand, the raw soil and the coconut chaff is 1.5-2:3-5:1-1.5, wherein the water-absorbent resin is polyacrylamide-acrylic acid type super absorbent resin generally, and accounts for 0.5-0.8% of mass fraction.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The wind-resistant deep root induction planting method for the green road arbor in coastal cities in south China is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:

s2, paving a water-retaining layer, paving and compacting above a plain soil layer at the bottom of the pit, punching the center of the pit, and pushing into a vertical nutrition column, wherein the water-retaining layer is formed by mixing coarse sand, raw soil, coconut husk and water-absorbing resin, the volume ratio of the coarse sand, the raw soil and the coconut husk is 1.5-2:3-5:1-1.5, and the water-absorbing resin is polyacrylamide-acrylic acid type super absorbent resin accounting for 0.5-0.8% by mass; the thickness of the water retention layer is 15-25cm;

s3, planting the nursery stock, namely putting the nursery stock with the soil ball into a tree hole, adjusting the planting direction, and continuously filling an improved nutrient soil layer until the soil ball is half as high and compacted, wherein the improved nutrient soil layer is composed of organic matter mixed compost and a composite microbial agent, and the mass fraction of the composite microbial agent is 0.8-1.5%; the organic matter mixed compost consists of garden waste, rice hulls, earthworm fertilizer, corn straws, decomposed chicken manure and humus, and the volume ratio is (10); the microbial agent consists of bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and trichoderma harzianum, the mass ratio is 5;

s4, backfilling the tree pits, paving a small-particle-size gravel layer above the improved nutrient soil layer, paving a large-particle-size gravel layer above the small-particle-size gravel layer to the upper surface of the tree pit, wherein the small-particle-size gravel layer consists of 2-7cm building gravel, coarse sand and raw soil in a proportion of 1:2-3.5, and the large-particle-size gravel layer consists of 8-15cm building gravel, bark and raw soil in a particle size of 1.5-2.5; the paving height of the small-particle-size gravel layer is 15-25cm, and the paving height of the large-particle-size gravel layer is 20-25cm;

2. The method for deep root induced planting of urban wind-resistant green channel trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, the hole is punched by a puncher with the depth of 40-55cm and the punching diameter of 8-10cm.

3. The method for deep root induced planting of urban wind-resistant green channel arbor applicable to claim 1, wherein: the vertical nutrient column is a composite slow-release rod fertilizer.

4. The method for deep root induced planting of urban wind-resistant green channel arbor applicable to claim 1, wherein: irrigating the roots of the shade trees below 20cm by using 10-15mg/L ABT rooting agent, and irrigating the roots of the shade trees above 20cm by using 15-20mg/L ABT rooting agent.

5. The method for deep root induced planting of urban wind-resistant green channel arbor applicable to claim 1, wherein: an observation well pipe is arranged on one side of the soil ball, a water seepage hole is arranged on the pipe wall of the lower part of the observation well pipe, and the lower part of the observation well pipe is inserted into the lower part of the improved nutrient soil layer.