CN113214033A - Degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic - Google Patents

Degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic Download PDF

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CN113214033A
CN113214033A CN202110420882.7A CN202110420882A CN113214033A CN 113214033 A CN113214033 A CN 113214033A CN 202110420882 A CN202110420882 A CN 202110420882A CN 113214033 A CN113214033 A CN 113214033A
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fermentation
mixed material
micro
temperature
sludge
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刘世安
朱彤
姚赛
马峰
于海涛
陈庆辉
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Northeastern University China
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Northeastern University China
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic, which comprises the following steps: s1: and adding DY high-temperature microbial inoculum into the sludge to form a mixture to be treated. S2: and (5) adding auxiliary materials into the to-be-treated mixed material obtained in the step (S1), and fermenting to obtain a mixed material pile. S3: and (4) transferring the mixed material pile obtained in the step (S2) to a fermentation tank to form a fermented mixed material, and aerating the fermented mixed material. S4: monitoring the fermentation temperature of the fermented mixed material in real time, and turning the tank of the fermented mixed material according to the temperature change. S5: and (4) obtaining a final product when the fermentation temperature is close to room temperature and does not change any more. The method adopts an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation method to treat the municipal sludge, the extreme thermophilic bacteria take organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sludge as nutrients to carry out growth and metabolism and generate humus, and the micro plastic is taken as an organic carbon source to be degraded through respiration and growth and metabolism. The content of micro-plastics in the degraded sludge is greatly reduced, the content of humus is increased, and the sludge can be used for fertilizing and popularizing.

Description

Degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic.
Background
The plastic is widely applied to various fields of production and life and is a necessity in modern society. However, the mass production and use of plastics have resulted in a sharp increase in waste plastics, and have resulted in environmental pollution over a large area due to their properties of being not easily degraded, being resistant to environmental corrosion, and the like.
The waste plastics are exposed to the natural environment and are dried by wind, and gradually become smaller-particle micro plastics. The micro plastic has small volume, larger surface area and stronger pollutant adsorption capacity. The errant micro-plastic is easily eaten by the lower food chain organisms and cannot be digested, resulting in illness, exacerbation of illness, and even death of the animal. Humans at the top of the food chain, under the effect of enrichment, may also accumulate large amounts of microplastics in the body.
As a new pollutant, micro-plastics have a size less than 5 mm. Most of the micro-plastics are retained in the sludge in the sewage treatment stage, so that the urban sludge contains a large amount of micro-plastics which are main carriers of the micro-plastics. Although most municipal sludge has been treated prior to application, no studies have shown that the prior art treatment of sludge effectively removes the micro-plastics therein, and thus the micro-plastics remaining in the sludge pose a threat to human health and ecological safety. Researchers have reported that insect intestinal microorganisms such as tenebrio molitor larvae and the like can effectively degrade plastics such as PE, PS and the like, and have wide application prospects in harmless treatment of waste plastics. However, the particle size of the micro plastic is small, the distribution is wide, the components are complex, and the removal of the micro plastic in real life is still very difficult. In addition, the municipal sludge is gradually popularized and utilized by fertilizer, however, the existing sludge treatment method cannot effectively reduce the content of micro-plastics in the sludge, and the micro-plastics can be accumulated in the environment in the utilization process of the sludge, so that ecological harm is caused.
Therefore, a treatment method capable of degrading the micro-plastics in municipal sludge is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastics, aiming at solving the problems that the micro-plastics in the urban sludge are difficult to degrade and potential safety hazards still exist in the utilization process in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic comprises the following steps:
s1: adding DY high-temperature microbial inoculum into the sludge to form a mixture to be treated;
s2: adding auxiliary materials into the to-be-treated mixed material obtained in the step S1, and fermenting to obtain a mixed material pile;
s3: transferring the mixed material pile obtained in the step S2 into a fermentation tank to form a fermented mixed material, and aerating the fermented mixed material;
s4: monitoring the fermentation temperature of the fermented mixed material in real time, and turning the tank of the fermented mixed material according to the change of the fermentation temperature to continue fermenting;
s5: and (4) the fermentation temperature of the mixture to be fermented tends to the room temperature and does not change any more, so that a final product is obtained.
In the method for degrading urban sludge micro-plastic, in step S1, the mass ratio of the sludge to the DY high-temperature microbial agent is 2.5:1-3: 1;
the DY high-temperature microbial inoculum comprises the following strains by mass: high-temperature bifidobacterium: 15-20%, bacillus: 18-22%, bacillus volcanii: 19-23%, Thermoactinomyces: 30-35%, hyphomycete: 8 to 12 percent.
Preferably, the DY high-temperature microbial inoculum comprises the following strains in parts by mass: high-temperature bifidobacterium: 18.31%, bacillus: 21.54%, bacillus volcanii: 19.46%, Thermoactinomyces: 34.39%, Endomycetes: 9.3 percent.
In the method for degrading urban sludge micro-plastic, preferably, in step S2, the auxiliary material is one or more of corn straw powder, wheat straw powder, rice hull or rice chaff;
adding auxiliary materials into the mixed material pile, and controlling the water content of the mixed material to be fermented at 50-60%.
In the method for degrading the urban sludge micro-plastic, the aeration intensity in step S3 is preferably 0.3-0.5m3/h。
In the above method for degrading urban sludge micro-plastics, preferably, in step S4, turning the tank 3-4 times, specifically, taking out the fermentation mixed material, uniformly turning the fermentation mixed material to make the water, organic matters and oxygen in the fermentation mixed material uniformly distributed, and increasing the porosity of the fermentation mixed material;
and after the primary tank turnover is finished, loading the fermented mixed material back to the fermentation tank, fermenting in the next period, and repeating the tank turnover for 3-4 times until the temperature of the fermented mixed material is not increased any more.
In the method for degrading the urban sludge micro-plastic, preferably, in step S4, the fermentation period of the fermentation mixture is 2-3 days, and the temperature of the fermentation mixture is greater than 85 ℃ in the fermentation period;
and when the temperature of the fermentation mixed material is lower than 65-70 ℃, turning the groove of the fermentation mixed material.
In the method for degrading the urban sludge micro-plastic, in step S4, the fermentation mixture is preferably monitored in real time by using a thermocouple and a camera.
The method for the degradation treatment of the municipal sludge micro-plastic as described above preferably,
in step S5, after the final product is obtained, the content of the micro-plastics in the final product is detected;
if the diameter of the micro plastic particles in the final product is less than or equal to 0.05mm, discharging the micro plastic particles; if the diameter of the micro-plastic particles in the final product is more than 0.05mm, the final product is used as a feed back and is fed into the step S2 again for fermentation.
The method for degrading the urban sludge micro-plastics preferably adopts a quartering method to sample the final product and adopts a microscopic infrared technology to count the particle size of the micro-plastics in the final product.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method adopts an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation method to treat the municipal sludge, adds DY high-temperature microbial inoculum and auxiliary materials into the municipal sludge, and performs aeration control to ensure sufficient oxygen supply. Under the conditions, the extreme thermophilic bacteria take organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sludge and auxiliary materials as nutrients to carry out growth and metabolism, generate humus, take the micro-plastics as an organic carbon source, and degrade the micro-plastics contained in the sludge through the respiration action and the growth and metabolism of thermophilic microorganisms, so that the purpose of reducing the content of the micro-plastics is achieved. The ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation method can realize harmless and resource treatment of the municipal sludge, and degrade the micro-plastic with the diameter of 0.05mm-5 mm. The content of micro-plastics in the degraded municipal sludge is greatly reduced, the content of humus is increased, and the method can be used for fertilizing and popularizing.
The degradation treatment method provides a harmless, efficient and thorough resource treatment way for pollution-free utilization of the municipal sludge, has low operation cost, provides a new idea for solving the problem of micro-plastic pollution in the municipal sludge, and has important significance for relieving the micro-plastic pollution of the municipal sludge and improving the soil environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the degradation treatment process of the sludge micro-plastic in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a substance of Shenyang municipal sludge to be treated in Shenyang municipal sewage treatment plant used in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a pictorial view of DY high-temperature fungicide used in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a fermenter according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the connection between a fermentation tank and an aeration apparatus according to the present invention.
[ description of reference ]
1: a fermentation tank; 2: a composition board; 3: an aeration blower; 4: an aeration pipe; 5: a gas flow meter.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides a degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic, which comprises the following steps:
s1: and adding DY high-temperature microbial inoculum into the sludge original sample containing the high-concentration micro-plastic to form a mixture to be treated. The mass ratio of the original sludge to the DY high-temperature microbial inoculum is 2.5:1-3: 1. In this step, the sludge used was as it is the sinking yang municipal sludge to be treated from the sewage treatment plant of the Zhengyang city, and the sludge used was as shown in FIG. 2. The microbial inoculum is self-made DY high-temperature microbial inoculum, and the DY high-temperature microbial inoculum is shown in figure 3. The DY high-temperature microbial inoculum selected by the embodiment comprises the following strains by mass: high-temperature bifidobacterium: 15-20%, bacillus: 18-22%, bacillus volcanii: 19-23%, Thermoactinomyces: 30-35%, hyphomycete: 8 to 12 percent.
S2: and (5) adding auxiliary materials into the to-be-treated mixed material in the step S1 according to the requirement of the water content, and uniformly mixing the sludge and the auxiliary materials by using a stirrer to obtain the to-be-fermented mixed material. In the step, one or more of corn straw powder, wheat straw powder, rice hull or rice chaff is used as an auxiliary material, and the water content of the mixed material is controlled to be 50-60%. Specifically, when the water content of the mixed material is lower than 50%, the municipal sludge and the microbial inoculum are continuously added. If the water content of the mixed material is higher than 60%, adding auxiliary materials to control the water content to be 50-60%.
The high-temperature bifidobacterium and the high-temperature actinomycetes are used for degrading organic matters, and the bacillus, the volcanic bacillus and the long-spore bacillus are used for degrading micro-plastics.
In step S2, the added auxiliary materials can provide a high-temperature organic matter base, and the organic matter in the auxiliary materials is converted into humus under the action of thermophilic bacteria. Meanwhile, harmful microorganisms and other harmful substances in the sludge can be killed by high temperature generated in the fermentation process, so that the sludge is harmless and recycled.
The high temperature generated in the process of converting organic matters in the auxiliary materials and the sludge into humus provides a proper environment for bacillus, volcanic bacillus and long spore bacteria, and the bacillus, volcanic bacillus and long spore bacteria degrade the micro-plastic.
The high-temperature bifidus bacteria and the high-temperature actinomycetes take organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sludge and auxiliary materials as nutrients to carry out growth and metabolism and generate humus. The bacillus, the volcanic bacillus and the long spore bacillus take the micro plastic as an organic carbon source, and degrade the micro plastic contained in the sludge through respiration and growth metabolism, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the content of the micro plastic. The content of micro-plastics in the degraded municipal sludge is greatly reduced, the content of humus is increased, and the method can be used for fertilizing and popularizing.
S3: and (5) piling the mixture to be fermented obtained in the step (S2) into a fermentation tank to form a fermented mixture. Turning on aeration blower, aerating the fermented mixture, wherein air is controlled by gas flow meter, and aeration intensity is controlled at 0.3-0.5m3H is used as the reference value. Air enters the fermentation mixing material pile through aeration holes on the aeration pipes, and the aeration blower is closed after the fermentation process is finished. In the step, sufficient oxygen is provided for the fermentation mixed material through aeration, and organic matters and micro-plastics are humated and degraded as fully as possible.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the fermentation tank 1 used in the present invention is specifically a rectangular parallelepiped and is composed of 6 block plates 2. The combined plates 2 are detachably connected through bolts.
As shown in fig. 5, the aeration apparatus includes an aeration blower 3 and an aeration pipe 4, and a gas flow meter 5 is installed on the aeration pipe 4 to monitor and control the flow rate of air in real time. One end of the aeration pipe 4 is connected with the aeration blower 3, and the other end is respectively connected with 3-5 aeration pipes which are evenly distributed. The 3-5 aeration pipes are inserted into the fermentation tank 1 and positioned at the bottom of the fermentation tank 1. A plurality of aeration holes are formed in the branch aeration pipe, and the openings of the aeration holes face the bottom of the fermentation tank so as to prevent the fermentation mixing material from blocking the aeration holes. For easy understanding, the fermenter of FIG. 5 is in a state where the rear assemblable plate and the upper assemblable plate are not installed.
S4: the fermentation tank is insulated by using insulation cotton, and the fermentation temperature of the fermented mixed material is monitored in real time by adopting a thermocouple and a camera. According to the fermentation temperature change of the fermentation mixed material, the tank turning operation is carried out on the fermentation mixed material, so that the moisture, organic matters and oxygen in the piled material are uniformly mixed, and the void ratio of the piled body is increased, so that the fermentation can be better carried out in the next period.
Specifically, in a complete treatment process, the stack turning groove needs to be turned over 3-4 times according to the temperature change of the stack body, namely, in a complete treatment process, 3-4 fermentation periods are needed, and the total time is 12-15 days.
When the temperature of the fermentation batch increased, the start of fermentation was indicated. When the fermentation temperature begins to drop, it means that the fermentation of the cycle is about to end. After about 1 day of fermentation of the mixed material, a high temperature of 85 ℃ or even above 90 ℃ can be reached. Subsequently, the fermentation mixture can be maintained in a high temperature fermentation state for 2 to 3 days. When the temperature of the fermentation mixed material is reduced to 65-70 ℃, the tank is required to be turned over. The concrete operation of turning over the groove is as follows: and taking the fermented mixed material out of the fermentation tank, and uniformly turning the fermented mixed material by using a shovel and a stirrer to uniformly distribute water, organic matters and oxygen in the fermented mixed material and increase the porosity of the fermented mixed material. After the tank is turned over, the fermentation mixed material is loaded back to the fermentation tank for the fermentation of the next period. The temperature to which the fermentation mixture is fed during the next fermentation cycle can likewise be raised above 85 ℃ and maintained at a high temperature for about 2-3 days. And when the temperature is reduced to 65-70 ℃ again, repeating the operation of turning the tank until the temperature of the fermentation mixed material is not increased no matter how the tank is turned, finishing the fermentation, and gradually reducing the temperature of the pile to the room temperature.
The aeration intensity was kept constant throughout the fermentation period.
S5: and (3) obtaining a final product when the fermentation temperature of the mixture to be fermented is close to room temperature and is not changed any more, sampling the final product and detecting the particle size and the content of the micro-plastic.
After 12-15 days of high-temperature fermentation, the properties of the fermentation mixed material are changed, all organic matters are completely consumed, the organic matters are converted into humus, and the degree of decomposition reaches the highest. And (3) detecting the content of the micro-plastics in the final product, specifically, sampling the final product by adopting a quartering method, and counting the particle size of the micro-plastics in the final product by adopting a microscopic infrared technology.
If the diameter of the micro plastic particles in the final product is less than or equal to 0.05mm, the qualified requirement is met, and the micro plastic particles are discharged. If the diameter of the micro plastic particles in the final product is more than 0.05mm, the degradation requirement is not met, and the final product is used as a feed back and is fed into the step S2 again for fermentation. Therefore, the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation method can realize harmless and resource treatment of the municipal sludge and degrade the micro-plastics with the diameter of 0.05mm-5 mm.
According to the invention, the urban sludge is treated by an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation method, DY high-temperature microbial inoculum and auxiliary materials are added into the urban sludge, aeration control is carried out to ensure sufficient oxygen supply, fermentation temperature, aeration, turning over and decomposition of fermentation mixed materials are controlled, and organic matters are oxidized and degraded by utilizing growth and metabolism of ultrahigh-temperature aerobic bacteria, so that the purpose of degrading urban sludge micro-plastics and generating humus substances is achieved, and harmlessness and recycling of the urban sludge are realized.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic, which comprises the steps of mixing treatment, aeration control, temperature control, tank turning operation and decomposition control. Referring to fig. 1, the method for degrading the urban sludge micro-plastic of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: and adding DY high-temperature microbial inoculum into the untreated municipal sludge to form a mixture to be treated. The original sludge contains high-concentration micro-plastics, and the mass ratio of the original sludge to DY high-temperature microbial inoculum is controlled to be 3: 1. In the embodiment, the municipal sludge is the sinking yang municipal sludge to be treated from a sewage treatment plant of the Zhengyang city, and the microbial inoculum is a self-made DY high-temperature microbial inoculum.
The DY high-temperature microbial inoculum selected by the embodiment comprises the following strains by mass: high-temperature bifidobacterium: 18.31%, bacillus: 21.54%, bacillus volcanii: 19.46%, Thermoactinomyces: 34.39%, Endomycetes: 9.3 percent.
S2: and (5) adding auxiliary materials into the mixed material to be treated in the step S1, and uniformly mixing the sludge and the auxiliary materials by using a stirrer to obtain the mixed material to be fermented. The embodiment adopts the mixture of maize straw powder, wheat straw powder, rice husk and rice chaff as the auxiliary material, adds above-mentioned auxiliary material after, and the moisture content control with the compounding is about 55%. And after the auxiliary materials are added, detecting the water content of the mixed material, and when the water content of the mixed material is lower than about 55%, continuously adding the municipal sludge and the DY high-temperature microbial inoculum. If the water content of the mixed material is higher than about 55%, continuously adding auxiliary materials.
S3: and (5) piling the mixture to be fermented obtained in the step (S2) into a fermentation tank to form a fermented mixture. Aerating the fermented mixture by turning on an aeration blower, wherein air is controlled by a gas flow meter and the aeration intensity is controlled to be about 0.4m3H is used as the reference value. Air enters the fermentation mixing material pile through aeration holes on the aeration pipes, and the aeration blower is closed after the fermentation process is finished.
S4: the fermentation tank is insulated by using insulation cotton, and the fermentation temperature of the fermented mixed material is monitored in real time by adopting a thermocouple and a camera. Continuously aerating the fermentation mixed material, and turning the fermentation mixed material according to the fermentation temperature change of the fermentation mixed material, so that the moisture, organic matters and oxygen in the pile are uniformly mixed, and the void ratio of the pile is increased, thereby facilitating the fermentation in the next period.
Approximately 1 day after the start of the batch fermentation, the temperature of the pack reached 89 ℃. Subsequently, the mixed material was fermented for 3 days in a high-temperature fermentation state. And at the end of the first fermentation period, when the temperature of the fermented mixed material is reduced to 70 ℃, turning the tank for the first time. Specifically, the fermentation mixed material is taken out from the fermentation tank, and is uniformly turned and piled by using a shovel and a stirrer, so that moisture, organic matters and oxygen are uniformly distributed, and the porosity of the fermentation mixed material is increased. After turning over the tank, the fermented mixture is returned to the fermentation tank for fermentation in the second period. During the second fermentation period, the temperature to which the mixture was fermented was raised to 87 ℃ and continued for about 3 days of high temperature fermentation. And at the end of the second fermentation period, when the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃, repeating the operation of turning the tank, repeating the operation in the same way, after 4 times of tank turning, the temperature of the fermented mixed material is not increased any more, the fermentation is finished, and the temperature of the pile is gradually reduced to the room temperature.
S5: and (4) the fermentation temperature of the mixture to be fermented tends to room temperature and does not change any more, so that the final product is obtained. The final product was sampled using the quartering method and the particle size and content of the microplastic were measured.
After 15 days of high-temperature fermentation, the properties of the fermentation mixed material are changed, all organic matters are consumed, the organic matters are converted into humus, the degree of decomposition reaches the highest, and therefore, the temperature of the pile body does not rise any more no matter how the groove is turned over. And (3) detecting the content of the micro-plastics in the final product, specifically, sampling the final product by a quartering method, wherein each sample is 1kg, placing the sample under a microscopic infrared instrument, and counting and observing the particle size of the micro-plastics by a microscopic infrared technology.
And after the first round of complete fermentation, taking the final product of the first round as a return material, continuing to perform mixing treatment, aeration control, temperature control, tank turning operation and decomposition control on the return material, performing second round of fermentation treatment, and obtaining the final product of the second round of fermentation. Similarly, the final product of the second round of fermentation is used as a feed back to carry out the third round of fermentation treatment, and the final product of the third round of fermentation is obtained.
Example 2
This example shows the sludge of example 1 as such and the microplastics in the final product after each fermentation run.
Sampling the original sludge in the example 1 by a quartering method, and detecting the original sludge by a microscopic infrared technology, wherein the content of the micro-plastics in the compost raw materials is measured to be about: 6.87X 104n/kg。
And sampling the final products obtained after the first round, the second round and the third round of complete fermentation by adopting a quartering method, and detecting the final products by adopting a microscopic infrared technology.
Finally measuring, obtained after the first round of fermentationThe final product of (a) has a content of micropolastic material not yet degraded, i.e. having a particle size of between 0.05mm and 5mm, of about 3.16X 104n/kg, the first round degradation rate is calculated to be about 54%.
After the second complete fermentation, the final product obtained has a content of micropolastic that has not been degraded, i.e.that has a particle size of between 0.05mm and 5mm, of about 1.64X 104n/kg, calculated, the degradation rate is about 76%.
After the third complete fermentation cycle, the final product obtained contains the micropolastic which is not degraded yet, i.e. the content of the micropolastic with the particle size of between 0.05mm and 5mm is about 0.68X 104n/kg, calculated, the degradation rate is about 91%.
From the above fermentation degradation results, it can be seen that after 3 rounds of fermentation and 2 times of recycling treatment, the content of the micro-plastics in the obtained final product can be reduced to below 10%, and therefore, example 1 has an obvious and effective degradation effect on the sludge micro-plastics.
In addition, the present embodiment also performs observation statistics on the form of the micro-plastics in the original sludge before degradation, specifically, a quartering method is adopted to obtain the original sludge, and the form of the micro-plastics is observed. Wherein the micro-plastics are different in shape: the percentage of fibrous micro-plastic is at the highest, about 46.93%, film-like, about 41.74%, granular, again, about 11.31%, and the balance other irregular shapes.
After 3 times of degradation, the content of the micro plastic with the particle size of 0.05mm-5mm is reduced to be below 10 percent, and the micro plastic in the particle size range can not be observed by naked eyes.
The method adopts an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation method to treat the municipal sludge, adds DY high-temperature microbial inoculum and auxiliary materials into the municipal sludge, and performs aeration control to ensure sufficient oxygen supply. Under the conditions, the extreme thermophilic bacteria take organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the sludge and auxiliary materials as nutrients to carry out growth and metabolism, generate humus, take the micro-plastics as an organic carbon source, and degrade the micro-plastics contained in the sludge through the respiration action and the growth and metabolism of thermophilic microorganisms, so that the purpose of reducing the content of the micro-plastics is achieved. The ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation method can realize harmless and resource treatment of the municipal sludge, and degrade the micro-plastic with the diameter of 0.05mm-5 mm. The content of micro-plastics in the degraded municipal sludge is greatly reduced, the content of humus is increased, and the method can be used for fertilizing and popularizing.
The degradation treatment method provides a harmless, efficient and thorough resource treatment way for pollution-free utilization of the municipal sludge, has low operation cost, provides a new idea for solving the problem of micro-plastic pollution in the municipal sludge, and has important significance for relieving the micro-plastic pollution of the municipal sludge and improving the soil environment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art can change or modify the technical content disclosed above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: adding DY high-temperature microbial inoculum into the sludge to form a mixture to be treated;
s2: adding auxiliary materials into the to-be-treated mixed material obtained in the step S1, and fermenting to obtain a mixed material pile;
s3: transferring the mixed material pile obtained in the step S2 into a fermentation tank to form a fermented mixed material, and aerating the fermented mixed material;
s4: monitoring the fermentation temperature of the fermented mixed material in real time, and turning the tank of the fermented mixed material according to the change of the fermentation temperature to continue fermenting;
s5: and (4) the fermentation temperature of the mixture to be fermented tends to the room temperature and does not change any more, so that a final product is obtained.
2. The method for degrading and treating urban sludge micro-plastic according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mass ratio of the sludge to the DY high-temperature microbial agent is 2.5:1-3: 1;
the DY high-temperature microbial inoculum comprises the following strains by mass: high-temperature bifidobacterium: 15-20%, bacillus: 18-22%, bacillus volcanii: 19-23%, Thermoactinomyces: 30-35%, hyphomycete: 8 to 12 percent.
3. The method for degrading and treating municipal sludge micro-plastic according to claim 1, wherein the DY high-temperature microbial inoculum comprises the following strains by mass: high-temperature bifidobacterium: 18.31%, bacillus: 21.54%, bacillus volcanii: 19.46%, Thermoactinomyces: 34.39%, Endomycetes: 9.3 percent.
4. The method for degrading and treating the municipal sludge micro-plastic according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the auxiliary material is one or more of corn straw powder, wheat straw powder, rice hull or rice chaff;
adding auxiliary materials into the mixed material pile, and controlling the water content of the mixed material to be fermented at 50-60%.
5. The method for degradation treatment of municipal sludge microplastic according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, aeration intensity is 0.3-0.5m3/h。
6. The method for degrading the municipal sludge micro-plastic according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the tank is turned over 3-4 times, specifically, the fermentation mixture is taken out and turned over uniformly to distribute moisture, organic matters and oxygen in the fermentation mixture uniformly and increase the porosity of the fermentation mixture;
and after the primary tank turnover is finished, loading the fermented mixed material back to the fermentation tank, fermenting in the next period, and repeating the tank turnover for 3-4 times until the temperature of the fermented mixed material is not increased any more.
7. The method for degrading the urban sludge micro-plastics according to the claim 6, wherein in the step S4, the fermentation period of the fermentation mixed material is 2-3 days, and the temperature of the fermentation mixed material is higher than 85 ℃ in the fermentation period;
and when the temperature of the fermentation mixed material is lower than 65-70 ℃, turning the groove of the fermentation mixed material.
8. The method for degrading the urban sludge micro-plastic according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the fermentation mixture is monitored in real time by a thermocouple and a camera.
9. The method for degrading and treating the urban sludge micro-plastics according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S5, after the final product is obtained, the content of the micro-plastics in the final product is detected;
if the diameter of the micro plastic particles in the final product is less than or equal to 0.05mm, discharging the micro plastic particles; if the diameter of the micro-plastic particles in the final product is more than 0.05mm, the final product is used as a feed back and is fed into the step S2 again for fermentation.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the final product is sampled by quartering and the particle size of the micro-plastics in the final product is counted by micro-infrared technique.
CN202110420882.7A 2021-04-19 2021-04-19 Degradation treatment method of urban sludge micro-plastic Pending CN113214033A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210806