CN216377979U - Intelligent control device for treating livestock and poultry manure through roller fermentation composting - Google Patents
Intelligent control device for treating livestock and poultry manure through roller fermentation composting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An intelligent control device for treating livestock and poultry manure through roller fermentation composting relates to the technical field of utilization of fertilizer-based resources of livestock and poultry manure. The auxiliary material bucket establish side by side with the excrement and urine bucket, auxiliary material bucket and excrement and urine bucket establish in the conveying mechanism top, exhaust gas processor left side be provided with the radiator, radiator and exhaust gas outlet pipeline and waste gas recovery pipeline fixed connection, cylinder developments fermentation compost reactor on be provided with the temperature-sensing ware of a plurality of positions, cylinder developments fermentation compost reactor's front end top be provided with heat repayment pipeline. The utility model can effectively utilize organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straws and the like to carry out composting, and can be widely applied to various climatic conditions and livestock and poultry types; the drum dynamically ferments and seals compost, reduces the volatilization loss of nitrogen caused by ammonia gas and the like, and intensively collects and treats the odor generated in the aerobic composting process, thereby ensuring green production in a workshop and being environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of the utilization of the fertilizer-based resources of livestock and poultry manure, in particular to an intelligent control device for treating the livestock and poultry manure through drum fermentation composting, which is suitable for the fertilizer-based utilization of the livestock and poultry manure in an intensive culture farm or the centralized fertilizer-based treatment and utilization of the livestock and poultry manure in a decentralized culture farm after the livestock and poultry manure is collected.
Background
With the intensive, large-scale and industrialized rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding industry, ten-thousand pig farms or even hundreds of thousands of pig farms or millions of feather poultry farms are seen everywhere, and the requirements of people in China on meat products are ensured. Meanwhile, about 38 hundred million tons of livestock and poultry manure (fresh weight) type cultivation waste is produced annually, and as the livestock and poultry manure is excessively concentrated in a large-scale cultivation farm, a bearing soil body is lacked around the cultivation farm, and the effective utilization rate of the type of recycling is less than 20% (Guo Zhi et al, 2013). Meanwhile, the fertilizer is influenced by the reasons of transportation, incapability of being consumed on the spot and the like, is randomly stacked without being processed, is an important source (Li nations and the like in 2000) for atmospheric pollution, soil pollution, non-point sources of rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the like and underground water source pollution, and does not meet the requirement of agricultural sustainable development in China.
The country gives high attention to the environmental pollution caused by the livestock and poultry manure, and accelerates the promotion of the harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of the livestock and poultry breeding waste. Composting is a good way for harmless and resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure, wherein the research and development of an intelligent livestock and poultry manure fertilizing device and technology are key for solving the problem of resource utilization of waste in the current rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding industry, and the method has great significance for ensuring the development of livestock and poultry breeding industry, agricultural environment protection and the like. Pig manure and corn straws of Zhongtong and the like (2017) are taken as raw materials, the discharge of ammonia gas in pig manure compost under the condition of low carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N is 13.2) is researched, the cumulative discharge of NH3 of fresh weight of each kilogram of initial raw materials is 2.27g, and if the compost is open, a large amount of offensive odor and odor are generated, so that the environment is polluted. Lu Guangxiang and the like (2017) take cow dung, chicken manure and edible fungus dregs as composting raw materials, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is coordinated to be 30:1, different microbial agents are added for composting, the temperature is maintained to be 55-68 ℃ in the high-temperature stage of EM microbial agent treatment, the minimum nitrogen loss rate is 10.73%, the compost 35d is 84.27%, complete maturity is achieved, but the process of turning the compost for 1 time in 7 days by adopting a forklift and manual cooperation is time-consuming and labor-consuming. Chinese utility model patent CN 102765976A (2012) discloses a slot type fermentation method and chinese utility model patent CN 107382403 a (2017) discloses a strip pile compost aeration system, though the ease and the stench of ammonia have been reduced, but does not well solve the big problem of compost workshop peculiar smell, so chinese utility model patent CN 107986820 a (2018) discloses a deodorization additive for cow dung strip pile compost and its preparation method still need to supplement the deodorization additive to solve the too big problem of stink to intelligent degree is not high. Chinese utility model patent CN 103011927a (2013) discloses a tower-type compost treatment equipment and method of biomass, which adopts a closed composting operation method to improve composting efficiency and effectively prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria and the emission of peculiar smell, but the compost stirrer may cause the problems of difficult operation, serious abrasion and the like due to the pressure of the material itself, and the intelligent control process degree is limited. Therefore, at present, a set of intelligent control device for livestock and poultry manure fertilization is urgently needed to be constructed, the intelligent control device is required to have the characteristics of high efficiency, intelligence, environmental protection, labor saving and the like, can be widely applied to various climatic conditions and livestock and poultry varieties, and lays a foundation and provides a key technology for national implementation of action plans of livestock and poultry manure resource utilization county promotion, fruit, vegetable, tea and organic fertilizer substitution, fertilizer and pesticide reduction and efficiency improvement and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, provides an intelligent control device for treating livestock and poultry manure through roller fermentation composting, constructs a set of roller dynamic fermentation closed composting technical method for composting livestock and poultry manure, effectively controls and treats ammonia odor, ensures green production in workshops, is environment-friendly, realizes efficient intelligent control, saves labor cost, can be widely applied to various climatic conditions and livestock and poultry types, and promotes the utilization of the fertilizing resources of the livestock and poultry manure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an intelligent control device for treating livestock and poultry manure through roller fermentation composting comprises an auxiliary material barrel 1, a manure barrel 2, a conveying mechanism 3, a waste gas processor 4, a radiator 41, a waste gas output pipeline 411, a waste gas recovery pipeline 412, a one-way valve 413, a roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5, a second fan 51, a temperature sensor 52, a heat feedback pipeline 53, a ageing tank 6, a packaging part 7, a screen 71, a crushing mechanism 72, a control monitoring room 8 and a camera 9, wherein the auxiliary material barrel 1 is arranged side by side with the manure barrel 2, the auxiliary material barrel 1 and the manure barrel 2 are arranged above the conveying mechanism 3, the radiator 41 is arranged on the left side of the waste gas processor 4, the radiator 41 is fixedly connected with the waste gas output pipeline 411 and the waste gas recovery pipeline 412, the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 is provided with the temperature sensors 52 at a plurality of point positions, a heat feedback pipeline 53 is arranged above the front end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5, one end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 is provided with a front end fixed circular sealing cap 54, the other end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 is provided with a rear end fixed circular sealing cap 55, the front end fixed circular sealing cap 54 is provided with a feed hopper 541, the side of the feed hopper 541 is provided with an air inlet input pipeline 542 and a first fan 543, the air inlet input pipeline 542 is connected with the first fan 543, one side of the rear end fixed circular sealing cap 55 is provided with a guide plate 551, the other side is provided with an exhaust gas output pipeline 411 and a second fan 51, the exhaust gas output pipeline 411 is connected with the second fan 51, the bottom of the exhaust gas output pipeline 411 is connected with a discharge hopper 553 through a connecting rod 552, the discharge hopper 553 is provided with a discharge baffle 554, and the bottom of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 is provided with a pair of driving wheels 555, a driving shaft 556 is connected between the driving wheels 555, a driving motor 557 is arranged at the bottom of the middle of the driving shaft 556, the ageing tank 6 is close to the discharge port of the dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5, the ageing tank 6 is close to the packaging part 7, a screen 71 is arranged above the packaging part 7, a crushing mechanism 72 is arranged at the front section of the screen 71, a camera 9 is arranged outside the control monitoring room 8, and the waste gas output pipeline 411, the waste gas recovery pipeline 412 and the heat feedback pipeline 53 are all provided with a one-way valve 413.
The temperature sensors 52 are respectively positioned at the front end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5, which is close to 50cm of the feed inlet, at the middle section and close to 50cm of the discharge outlet at the rear end.
The temperature sensor 52 is used for real-time knowledge of the composting temperature.
The first fan 543 and the second fan 51 can supply air and increase the temperature of the air in the dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5.
The heat feedback pipeline 53 is parallel to the waste gas output pipeline 411, when heat feedback is needed, the radiator 41 is closed, heat in the waste gas of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 and the ageing tank 6 is respectively transmitted back to the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 through the waste gas output pipeline 411 and the heat feedback pipeline 53 by the second fan 51, and the temperature of the air in the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 can be effectively stabilized.
The waste gas processor 4 collects waste gas generated by the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 and the ageing tank 6 through a waste gas recovery pipeline 412, and then carries out centralized treatment on the waste gas processor 4 after heat dissipation of the radiator 41 to reach the discharge standard.
The control monitoring room 8 is connected with each component, monitors the normal operation of each component through the temperature sensor 52 and the camera 9, and adjusts related data parameters to control the composting efficiency.
An intelligent control device for treating livestock manure by drum fermentation composting comprises the following five operation steps:
step one, scientifically proportioning, feeding and mixing livestock and poultry manure and auxiliary materials (adjusting carbon-nitrogen ratio and water content) to form compost raw materials.
And step two, conveying the composting raw materials into a roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor, performing high-temperature aerobic fermentation harmless decomposition treatment, and adjusting index parameters such as rotation speed, ventilation intensity, heat feedback and the like by using a control system to perform intelligent composting to keep the composting in a dynamic balance fermentation state all the time, and performing high-temperature fermentation harmless decomposition treatment.
And step three, performing harmless treatment on ammonia odor generated by dynamic composting fermentation of the roller by a collection system to reach the emission standard.
And step four, determining discharging by a monitoring system according to the running condition of the dynamic fermentation composting reactor of the roller, the composting temperature, the fermentation time, the change of the physicochemical property of the fermented material and the like, opening a baffle plate of the reactor through an intelligent control panel when discharging is needed, guiding the discharging by a guide plate on the inner wall, conveying the primarily decomposed fertilizer into an ageing tank through a distributing machine, and performing secondary fermentation and decomposition until the moisture of the fertilizer reaches below 30%.
And step five, the fertilizer is qualified after being decomposed and aged, and is conveyed into a packaging workshop to be crushed, sieved, quantitatively packaged and delivered out of a factory.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: 1. the organic wastes such as the livestock and poultry manure and the crop straws can be effectively utilized to carry out mixed composting, can be widely applied to various climatic conditions and livestock and poultry varieties, promotes the utilization of the fertilizer resources of the livestock and poultry manure, and promotes the sustainable development of the circular agriculture; 2. the drum dynamically ferments and seals the compost, and intensively collects and processes ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and other odors generated in the aerobic composting process, and reduces the volatilization loss of nitrogen caused by ammonia gas and the like through the control of central control conditions, thereby effectively controlling the problems of secondary pollution such as odor, dust and the like of the current main composting technology (groove type and strip-stack type), ensuring green production in a workshop and being environment-friendly; 3. the drum dynamic fermentation composting reactor realizes the dynamic composting continuous fermentation of the livestock and poultry breeding waste based on the feeding at one end and the discharging at the other end of a horizontal drum; 4. the compost microbial fermentation inoculum is added once in a limited amount in the first starting period of the roller, and the growth and propagation of microbial strains are stabilized through scientific preparation of raw materials and intelligent regulation and control of equipment, so that the ecological environment balance of the microbes in the dynamic compost fermentation process can be realized, and then only mixed compost raw materials are continuously added to form stable composite microbial internal circulation through the dynamic roller, so that the cost of adding strains in each fermentation of common compost is saved; 5. the materials are mixed and propelled by the continuous rolling of the roller, so that the materials are mixed more uniformly and fermented more thoroughly, and the quality of the produced organic fertilizer products is more uniform and consistent; 6. the heat generated in the composting process can be effectively utilized for feedback, and the high-temperature composting under the low-temperature condition in winter is ensured; 7. a set of complete intelligent control system and technical method for animal manure composting is constructed in the whole composting process, efficient intelligent control is achieved, and labor cost is saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the front end fixed circular cap 54 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rear end fixed circular cap 55 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a mode of production of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing experimental results of temperature changes in fermentation of drum aerobic compost in example 1 of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: the device comprises an auxiliary material barrel 1, a livestock and poultry manure barrel 2, a conveying mechanism 3, a waste gas processor 4, a radiator 41, a waste gas output pipeline 411, a waste gas recovery pipeline 412, a one-way valve 413, a roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5, a second fan 51, a temperature sensor 52, a heat feedback pipeline 53, a front end fixed circular sealing cap 54, a feed hopper 541, an air inlet input pipeline 542, a first fan 543, a rear end fixed circular sealing cap 55, a guide plate 551, a connecting rod 552, a discharge hopper 553, a discharge baffle 554, a driving wheel 555, a driving shaft 556, a driving motor 557, an ageing tank 6, a packaging part 7, a screen 71, a crushing mechanism 72, a control monitoring chamber 8 and a camera 9.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 6, the technical solution adopted by the present embodiment is: an intelligent control device for treating livestock and poultry manure through roller fermentation composting comprises an auxiliary material barrel 1, a manure barrel 2, a conveying mechanism 3, a waste gas processor 4, a radiator 41, a waste gas output pipeline 411, a waste gas recovery pipeline 412, a one-way valve 413, a roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5, a second fan 51, a temperature sensor 52, a heat feedback pipeline 53, a ageing tank 6, a packaging part 7, a screen 71, a crushing mechanism 72, a control monitoring room 8 and a camera 9, wherein the auxiliary material barrel 1 is arranged side by side with the manure barrel 2, the auxiliary material barrel 1 and the manure barrel 2 are arranged above the conveying mechanism 3, the radiator 41 is arranged on the left side of the waste gas processor 4, the radiator 41 is fixedly connected with the waste gas output pipeline 411 and the waste gas recovery pipeline 412, the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 is provided with the temperature sensors 52 at a plurality of point positions, a heat feedback pipeline 53 is arranged above the front end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5, one end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 is provided with a front end fixed circular sealing cap 54, the other end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 is provided with a rear end fixed circular sealing cap 55, the front end fixed circular sealing cap 54 is provided with a feed hopper 541, the side of the feed hopper 541 is provided with an air inlet input pipeline 542 and a first fan 543, the air inlet input pipeline 542 is connected with the first fan 543, one side of the rear end fixed circular sealing cap 55 is provided with a guide plate 551, the other side is provided with an exhaust gas output pipeline 411 and a second fan 51, the exhaust gas output pipeline 411 is connected with the second fan 51, the bottom of the exhaust gas output pipeline 411 is connected with a discharge hopper 553 through a connecting rod 552, the discharge hopper 553 is provided with a discharge baffle 554, and the bottom of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 is provided with a pair of driving wheels 555, a driving shaft 556 is connected between the driving wheels 555, a driving motor 557 is arranged at the bottom of the middle of the driving shaft 556, the ageing tank 6 is close to the discharge port of the dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5, the ageing tank 6 is close to the packaging part 7, a screen 71 is arranged above the packaging part 7, a crushing mechanism 72 is arranged at the front section of the screen 71, a camera 9 is arranged outside the control monitoring room 8, and the waste gas output pipeline 411, the waste gas recovery pipeline 412 and the heat feedback pipeline 53 are all provided with a one-way valve 413.
Further, the temperature sensors 52 are respectively positioned at the front end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5, which is close to 50cm of the feed inlet, at the middle section and close to 50cm of the discharge outlet at the rear end.
Further, the temperature sensor 52 is used for real-time knowledge of the composting temperature.
Further, the first fan 543 and the second fan 51 may ventilate and supply oxygen and increase the temperature of the air in the drum dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5.
Further, the heat feedback pipeline 53 is parallel to the exhaust gas output pipeline 411, when heat feedback is needed, the radiator 41 is closed, heat in the exhaust gas of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 and the ageing tank 6 is respectively transmitted back to the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 through the exhaust gas output pipeline 411 and the heat feedback pipeline 53 by the second fan 51, and the temperature of the air in the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 can be effectively stabilized.
Furthermore, the waste gas processor 4 collects the waste gas generated by the drum dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 and the aging tank 6 through the waste gas recovery pipeline 412, and then the waste gas is subjected to centralized treatment on the waste gas processor 4 after being radiated by the radiator 41 and discharged after reaching the standard.
Furthermore, the control monitoring room 8 is connected with each component, monitors the normal operation of each component through the temperature sensor 52 and the camera 9, and adjusts related data parameters to control the composting efficiency.
An intelligent control device for treating livestock manure by drum fermentation composting comprises the following five operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, putting pig manure into a manure barrel 2 through transportation, putting sawdust into an auxiliary material barrel 1 through transportation, and uniformly stirring and mixing fresh pig manure and sawdust in a mixing hopper according to the ratio of 3:1 or 2:1(V/V, volume ratio), wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio of compost raw materials is about 25-30: 1, and the water content is about 60%;
conveying the mixed raw materials into an inlet of a dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 of a roller through a spiral conveying mechanism 3, adding a microbial fermentation corrosion-promoting microbial inoculum (the microbial fermentation corrosion-promoting microbial inoculum is selected according to indexes such as fermentation raw materials, fermentation requirements and the like) in a first feeding period, feeding 70-80% of the volume of the roller into the reactor 5 at one time for the first feeding period, wherein the volume of the roller is about 20 tons of the mixed materials, continuously rolling the dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 of the roller, discharging according to the fermentation condition after seven days, feeding the materials to about one seventh of the whole fermented materials every day (without adding the microbial inoculum), discharging the materials to about one seventh of the whole fermented materials, mixing and propelling the materials through rolling of the roller, and keeping the dynamic balance of the materials of the dynamic fermentation composting reactor of the roller; the control monitoring room 8 is utilized to adjust index parameters such as rotation speed, ventilation strength, heat feedback and the like to keep the dynamic balance fermentation state, the compost temperature 50cm away from the feed inlet is about 50 ℃, and the compost temperature 50cm away from the discharge outlet is about 62 ℃;
step three, the waste gas generated by the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor 5 and the waste gas discharged by the ageing tank 6 are cooled by a pipeline and a radiator, and then are conveyed to the waste gas treatment equipment 4 for purification and then are discharged after reaching the standard;
step four, opening a material baffle plate of the roller dynamic fermentation compost reactor 5 through an intelligent control panel during discharging every day, guiding discharging through the material baffle plate on the inner wall, conveying the primarily decomposed fertilizer into an ageing tank 6 through a material distributor, and performing secondary fermentation and decomposition until the moisture of the fertilizer reaches below 30%;
and step five, the fertilizer is qualified after being decomposed and aged, and is conveyed into a packaging device 7 for quantitative packaging and delivery. The total installed capacity is about 50KW, and all motors adopt a variable frequency control technology, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the switching faults are reduced.
An application composting effect test method of an intelligent control device for treating livestock and poultry manure by using roller fermentation composting comprises the following steps: the test site is a ecological livestock farm of New Wufeng Leishui Yang, the raw materials are pig manure (the water content is 72.8%) and sawdust (the water content is 35.7%), the mixture ratio is 2:1(V/V), and the test design is two: CK, static composting (turning over every 7 days); and T, composting in a dynamic fermentation reactor of a roller (roller composting for short, the roller composting is placed in an aging tank for 18 days after 7 days), recording the temperature of different composting modes every day for 25 days in a composting period, continuously recording the temperature for 25 days, and recording the continuous 7-day (one feeding and discharging period) temperature of a feeding port and a discharging port of the dynamic fermentation composting reactor of the roller and the 18-day temperature in the aging tank after the roller discharging after the dynamic fermentation of the roller composting is in normal continuous fermentation dynamic balance. Measuring pH, organic matter, water content, total nitrogen and P for 25 days2O5、K2And O, germination indexes (radish seeds) and other indexes which are not particularly described are measured by methods such as related national standards.
Further, referring to fig. 6, the temperature of the feed inlet of the drum fermentation reactor is basically maintained at about 50 ℃, the temperature of the discharge outlet of the drum fermentation reactor is basically maintained at about 62 ℃, the drum fermentation reactor is maintained at the dynamic balance under the condition of the temperature range, the breeding speed of microorganisms in the compost is high, the compost becomes more thoroughly decomposed, the static compost temperature is slowly started and the high temperature is maintained at about 68 ℃ under the condition of the same raw material ratio, and the drum compost is more favorable for reducing the volatilization loss of ammonia gas due to the high temperature and plays roles in nitrogen preservation and deodorization. The roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor is discharged and then is subjected to an aging stage, because the early-stage mixed materials are uniform, the community structure of high-temperature microorganisms is continuously maintained in a relatively stable state, the aging temperature basically shows the process of slightly increasing and then slowly reducing, and the rapid decomposition of the compost and the evaporation and the dissipation of water are promoted.
TABLE 1 influence of different composting methods on nutrient index of organic fertilizer
Note: different lower case letters in the same column indicate significant differences between the different treatments at the same time (P <0.05), as follows.
As can be seen from Table 1, the pH, total nitrogen and P of the compost in the dynamic roller fermentation composting reactor are obtained after the compost in the dynamic roller fermentation composting reactor is treated for 7 days and then aged for 18 days and after the compost in the static roller fermentation composting reactor is treated for 25 days2O5、K2O is higher than that of static compost treatment, while the content of organic matters and the content of water are obviously lower than that of the static compost treatment, which shows that the roller dynamic fermentation compost reactor plays a role in directionally screening compost microorganisms, and the stabilization, nitrogen preservation and decomposition and conversion of organic matters by using temperature are facilitated, so that the total nitrogen and P are improved2O5、K2The content of O, organic matter and moisture content are reduced, and the quality and the phase of the organic fertilizer are improved.
Example 2:
the experimental scheme and the application effect of applying the organic fertilizer produced in the embodiment 1 as the base fertilizer to the pepper cultivation are as follows:
(1) design of experiments
The test is carried out in a greenhouse cultivation (the first year of cultivation is pepper) base of the Hendong Sanzhang Huanggong pepper, the variety to be tested is pepper, the plant spacing is 45cm, and the row spacing is 50 cm. The experiment was set to 3 treatments: A. fully applying fertilizer for comparison; b. Applying the static compost organic fertilizer described in embodiment 1 of the utility model as a contrast, and applying the base fertilizer once, wherein the dosage is 250 kg/mu; C. applying the roller compost organic fertilizer described in embodiment 1 of the utility model as base fertilizer at one time, wherein the application amount is 250 kg/mu; the total nutrient input of the three treatments is ensured to be the same as that of other water and fertilizer management, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, 9 cells are counted, and the area of each cell is 20m 2. The yield of the peppers after each harvest is recorded in detail, the plant height (the length from the stem base to a growing point) and the stem thickness (the thickness of the stem base) of the peppers in each cell are measured in the initial fruit stage, the rhizosphere soil of the peppers in the vigorous fruit stage is taken, the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes of the peppers is measured by adopting a dilution coating plate method, a nutrient agar culture medium is used for culturing the bacteria, a Monglara red agar culture medium is used for culturing the fungi, and a modified Gauss's No. I culture medium is used for culturing and measuring the actinomycetes.
(2) Main results
TABLE 2 influence of organic fertilizer on growth and yield related indexes of continuous cropping pepper
As can be seen from Table 2, the height, the stem thickness and the fresh yield per hectare of the continuous cropping pepper tree treated by the roller compost organic fertilizer are all obviously higher than those of the static compost organic fertilizer and the fully applied fertilizer, and the fresh pepper yield per hectare is increased by 13.28 percent compared with that of the static compost organic fertilizer treatment and by 5.67 percent compared with that of the fully applied fertilizer treatment. The effect of increasing the yield is obvious under the condition that the fertilizing amount of the roller compost is the same.
TABLE 3 Effect of organic fertilizers on rhizosphere microorganisms of continuous cropping Capsici fructus
As can be seen from Table 3, the quantity of bacteria and actinomycetes in continuous cropping pepper rhizosphere soil treated by the roller compost organic fertilizer is obviously higher than that of the continuous cropping pepper rhizosphere soil treated by the full fertilizer application, the quantity of fungi is obviously lower than that of the continuous cropping pepper rhizosphere organic fertilizer treated by the static compost organic fertilizer, the roller compost organic fertilizer is mainly more thoroughly decomposed under the roller condition, the continuous cropping pepper rhizosphere organic fertilizer is beneficial to the growth and the reproduction of soil bacteria and actinomycetes after being applied to the soil, and the quantity of the bacteria and the actinomycetes in the pepper rhizosphere soil is obviously increased, so that the microbial activity and the enzymatic activity of the soil are enhanced, the soil structure is improved, the transformation of substances in the soil is facilitated, and the fertility of the soil is improved.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: 1. the organic wastes such as the livestock and poultry manure and the crop straws can be effectively utilized to carry out mixed composting, can be widely applied to various climatic conditions and livestock and poultry varieties, promotes the utilization of the fertilizer resources of the livestock and poultry manure, and promotes the sustainable development of the circular agriculture; 2. the drum dynamically ferments and seals the compost, and intensively collects and processes ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and other odors generated in the aerobic composting process, and reduces the volatilization loss of nitrogen caused by ammonia gas and the like through the control of central control conditions, thereby effectively controlling the problems of secondary pollution such as odor, dust and the like of the current main composting technology (groove type and strip-stack type), ensuring green production in a workshop and being environment-friendly; 3. the drum dynamic fermentation composting reactor realizes the dynamic composting continuous fermentation of the livestock and poultry breeding waste based on the feeding at one end and the discharging at the other end of a horizontal drum; 4. the compost microbial fermentation inoculum is added once in a limited amount in the first starting period of the roller, and the growth and propagation of microbial strains are stabilized through scientific preparation of raw materials and intelligent regulation and control of equipment, so that the ecological environment balance of the microbes in the dynamic compost fermentation process can be realized, and then only mixed compost raw materials are continuously added to form stable composite microbial internal circulation through the dynamic roller, so that the cost of adding strains in each fermentation of common compost is saved; 5. the materials are mixed and propelled by the continuous rolling of the roller, so that the materials are mixed more uniformly and fermented more thoroughly, and the quality of the produced organic fertilizer products is more uniform and consistent; 6. the heat generated in the composting process can be effectively utilized for feedback, and the high-temperature composting under the low-temperature condition in winter is ensured; 7. a set of complete intelligent control system and technical method for animal manure composting is constructed in the whole composting process, efficient intelligent control is achieved, and labor cost is saved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an intelligent control device of livestock and poultry excrement and urine is handled to cylinder fermentation compost which characterized in that: it comprises an auxiliary material barrel (1), an excrement barrel (2), a conveying mechanism (3), a waste gas processor (4), a radiator (41), a waste gas output pipeline (411), a waste gas recovery pipeline (412), a one-way valve (413), a roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor (5), a second fan (51), a temperature sensor (52), a heat feedback pipeline (53), a ageing tank (6), a packaging part (7), a screen (71), a crushing mechanism (72), a control monitoring room (8) and a camera (9), wherein the auxiliary material barrel (1) is arranged side by side with the excrement barrel (2), the auxiliary material barrel (1) and the excrement barrel (2) are arranged above the conveying mechanism (3), the radiator (41) is arranged on the left side of the waste gas processor (4), and the radiator (41) is fixedly connected with the waste gas output pipeline (411) and the waste gas recovery pipeline (412), the device is characterized in that a temperature sensor (52) with a plurality of point positions is arranged on the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor (5), a heat feedback pipeline (53) is arranged above the front end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor (5), one end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor (5) is provided with a front end fixed circular sealing cap (54), the other end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor is provided with a rear end fixed circular sealing cap (55), the front end fixed circular sealing cap (54) is provided with a feed hopper (541), the side edge of the feed hopper (541) is provided with an air inlet input pipeline (542) and a first fan (543), the air inlet input pipeline (542) is connected with the first fan (543), one side of the rear end fixed circular sealing cap (55) is provided with a guide plate (551), the other side of the feed hopper is provided with a waste gas output pipeline (411) and a second fan (51), and the waste gas output pipeline (411) is connected with the second fan (51), the bottom of the waste gas output pipeline (411) is connected with a discharge hopper (553) through a connecting rod (552), a discharge baffle (554) is arranged on the discharge hopper (553), a pair of driving wheels (555) is arranged at the bottom of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor (5), a driving shaft (556) is connected between the driving wheels (555), a driving motor (557) is arranged at the bottom of the middle of the driving shaft (556), the ageing tank (6) is close to a discharge hole of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor (5), the ageing tank (6) is close to the packaging part (7), a screen (71) is arranged above the packaging part (7), a crushing mechanism (72) is arranged at the front section of the screen (71), a camera (9) is arranged outside the control monitoring chamber (8), and the waste gas output pipeline (411), The waste gas recovery pipeline (412) and the heat feedback pipeline (53) are both provided with one-way valves (413).
2. The intelligent control device for the barrel fermentation composting treatment of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature sensors (52) are respectively positioned at the front end of the roller dynamic fermentation composting reactor (5) close to a feed inlet by 50cm, at the middle section and close to a discharge outlet at the rear end by 50 cm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115959931A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-14 | 西南科技大学 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by deep fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and straws |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115959931A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-14 | 西南科技大学 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by deep fermentation of livestock and poultry manure and straws |
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