CN113153344A - High-level waste disposal pit tunneling system for vacuum closed deslagging - Google Patents
High-level waste disposal pit tunneling system for vacuum closed deslagging Download PDFInfo
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- CN113153344A CN113153344A CN202110375915.0A CN202110375915A CN113153344A CN 113153344 A CN113153344 A CN 113153344A CN 202110375915 A CN202110375915 A CN 202110375915A CN 113153344 A CN113153344 A CN 113153344A
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002927 high level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009375 geological disposal Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pit body construction equipment in tunnels, in particular to a high-level waste disposal pit tunneling system for vacuum closed deslagging, which provides a disposal pit tunneling system which is not available at present, and adopts the scheme that a main operation device and a movable slag suction device are movable and can be positioned in a tunnel for vertically tunneling downwards, and a deslagging pipe of the main operation device is connected with a slag suction pipe of the slag suction device; the main operation device comprises a tunneling head and a plurality of pipe joints which are overlapped above the tunneling head one by one, a slag suction hole is formed in a rotating cutter head of the tunneling head, the tunneling head is provided with a first slag conveying pipe communicated with the slag suction hole, the pipe joints are provided with a second slag conveying pipe communicated with the first slag conveying pipe, and the first slag conveying pipe and the second slag conveying pipes are in separable and airtight connection; the main operation device is provided with a frame and a lower pressure plate and is provided with a telescopic pipe, the upper end of the telescopic pipe is connected with the slag discharge pipe, and the lower end of the telescopic pipe which is connected with the first slag conveying pipe in a separable and closed manner and then connected with the second slag conveying pipe in a separable and closed manner is fixed on the lower pressure plate in the tunneling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pit body construction equipment in tunnels, in particular to a high-level waste disposal pit tunneling system for vacuum closed deslagging.
Background
High-level radioactive waste (high-level radioactive waste for short) has the characteristics of strong radioactivity, high toxicity and long half-life period, and the difficulty in final safe disposal of the high-level radioactive waste is very high, so that a series of scientific, technical and engineering challenges are faced. Whether the high-level waste can be finally and safely disposed is a strategic subject related to the sustainable development of the nuclear industry and the environmental protection; at present, the international widely accepted technically feasible way of finally disposing high-level waste is deep geological disposal, namely, the high-level waste is buried in a stable geological body with the depth ranging from 500m to 1000 m; such objects requiring deep geological treatment include: high-level glass solidification, other types of high-level solid waste, alpha solid waste, heavy water reactor spent fuel, high temperature gas cooled reactor spent fuel, and other spent fuels; it is a better solution to set up a special disposal library in the unmanned area, and vertical disposal of the disposal object is better than horizontal disposal.
The disposal warehouse comprises a horizontal channel and disposal pits vertically downward on the channel, the size of one possible disposal pit is 1.4m in diameter and 10m in depth, from the viewpoint of long-term safety and stability of the disposal warehouse, the disposal pit requires high dimensional accuracy of a cave and small damage of surrounding rock excavation, the drilling and blasting method is difficult to control the tunneling precision and cause overlarge damage to surrounding rocks, so that the excavation requirement of a disposal pit is difficult to meet, therefore, the mechanical excavation method is generally adopted internationally for pit construction, and currently, granite excavation equipment is developed in Finland and Sweden, but the equipment has the problems of low excavation efficiency, poor slag discharging effect and the like, the equipment design and application are immature on the whole, the construction space of the disposal pit is limited, the surrounding rock strength is high, therefore, high requirements are provided for the compact design, efficient rock breaking, efficient slag tapping, rapid assembly, movement and other performances of the equipment, and the excavation requirements of the disposal pit can be met by no formed rock breaking machine at present.
The excavation equipment for the disposal pit can adopt the excavation principle of a tunnel shield machine, but the excavation is changed from horizontal excavation to vertical excavation, except the aspect that the cutter head is locally similar to the cutter head of a common tunnel shield machine, the construction requirements of the rest parts of the excavation equipment are completely different.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a high level waste disposal pit excavation system is provided which is not available at present, and which has a vacuum slag suction device and a related excavation device designed to satisfy a vacuum slag discharge function.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a high level waste disposal pit tunneling system capable of discharging slag in a vacuum sealing manner is provided with a main operation device and a movable slag suction device, wherein the main operation device and the movable slag suction device can be moved and positioned at a certain position in a tunnel and can vertically tunnel downwards;
the slag suction device comprises a vacuum pump, a slag suction barrel and a slag storage tank;
the main operation device comprises a tunneling head and a plurality of pipe joints which are overlapped above the tunneling head one by one, a slag suction hole is formed in a cutter head rotating by the tunneling head, a first slag conveying pipe communicated with the slag suction hole is arranged in a shell of the tunneling head, a second slag conveying pipe communicated with the first slag conveying pipe is arranged in the shell of each pipe joint, and the first slag conveying pipe of the tunneling head and the second slag conveying pipes of the pipe joints and the second slag conveying pipes of the overlapped pipe joints are in separable and airtight connection;
the main operation device further comprises a frame and a lower pressing plate for pressing down the tunneling head or the superposed pipe joints, the slag discharging pipe is fixed on the frame, and a telescopic pipe is further arranged, the upper end of the telescopic pipe is hermetically connected with the slag discharging pipe, and the lower end of the telescopic pipe which is detachably and hermetically connected with the second slag discharging pipe after being detachably and hermetically connected with the first slag discharging pipe is fixed on the lower pressing plate in the tunneling process.
Specifically, the structure that the rotary cutter head meets vacuum slag discharge is that the first slag conveying pipe of the tunneling head comprises a rotary pipe fixed on the cutter head and rotating along with the cutter head and a fixed pipe fixed in a shell of the tunneling head, the rotary pipe and the fixed pipe are coaxial with the tunneling head, and the rotary pipe is hermetically connected with a spherical pair of the fixed pipe; the cutter head is provided with a cutter shell and a disk surface for mounting the hob, a slag containing cavity is arranged between the cutter shell and the disk surface, the lower opening part of the rotating pipe is fixed on the cutter shell, the disk surface is provided with a slag sucking hole, and the slag sucking hole is communicated with the rotating pipe through the slag containing cavity.
In order to improve the slag discharging speed, a slag guide groove communicated with the slag suction hole is arranged on the disc surface.
Also in order to increase the slag discharge speed and the service life of parts, the inner wall of the telescopic pipe should be smooth, so the telescopic pipe is designed into a sleeve form and comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe which is closely sleeved outside the inner pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention uses a vacuum slag discharging mode to ensure that the environment is not polluted in the tunneling process of the high-level waste disposal pit tunneling system, waste slag and stones are collected and transferred, thereby meeting the flexible operation mode of frequent transition, and the slag discharging structure of the tunneling head and the pipe joint better meets the requirements of the tunneling system for tunneling and discharging slag smoothly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a heading head of the present invention involving deslagging;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a tube segment of the present invention involving slag extraction;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a pipe joint for slag tapping according to the present invention
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of fig. 1 at a.
In the figure, 1, a main operation device, 1-1, a slag discharge pipe, 1-2, a tunneling head, 1-2-1, a cutter head, 1-2-2, a slag suction hole, 1-2-3, a first slag conveying pipe, 1-2-4, a rotating pipe, 1-2-5, a fixed pipe, 1-2-6, a cutter shell, 1-2-7, a disk surface, 1-2-8, a slag containing cavity, 1-2-9, a slag guide groove, 1-3, a pipe joint, 1-3-1, a second slag conveying pipe, 1-4, a rack, 1-5, a lower pressure plate, 1-6, a telescopic pipe, 1-6-1, an inner pipe, 1-6-2, an outer pipe, 2, a slag suction device, 2-1, a slag suction pipe, 2-2, The device comprises a vacuum pump, 2-3 parts of a slag suction barrel, 2-4 parts of a slag storage tank, 3 parts of a conveying pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention is a technical scheme aiming at how to discharge slag in a high level waste disposal pit tunneling system, such as a vacuum closed slag-discharging high level waste disposal pit tunneling system shown in figure 1, which is provided with a main operation device 1 and a movable slag suction device 2 which are movable and can be positioned at a certain position in a tunnel and perform vertical downward tunneling, wherein a slag discharge pipe 1-1 of the main operation device 1 and a slag suction pipe 2-1 of the slag suction device 2 are connected by a conveying pipe 3, and the positioning of the main operation device 1 in the tunnel is realized by supporting feet which extend out of the device in all directions;
the slag suction device 2 also comprises a vacuum pump 2-2, a slag suction barrel 2-3 and a slag storage tank 2-4, the structure of the slag suction device 2 is the same as that of a common dust collector, the inner cavity of the slag suction barrel 2-3 is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a filter screen, an air suction pipe of the vacuum pump 2-2 is communicated with the upper cavity, a slag discharge pipe 1-1 of the main operation device 1 is communicated with the lower cavity, the bottom of the slag suction barrel 2-3 is provided with a closable slag hole corresponding to a slag inlet of the slag storage tank 2-4, in the process of system tunneling, a pipe joint is superposed or a pit body is excavated, the slag hole is opened, the slag is discharged into the slag storage tank 2-4, the slag storage tank 2-4 is removed by a forklift, and the number of the slag storage tanks 2-4 can be more than one;
the main operation device 1 also comprises a tunneling head 1-2 and a plurality of pipe sections 1-3 which are overlapped above the tunneling head 1-2 one by one, because the attached figure 1 shows the initial state of the main operation device 1, the pipe sections 1-3 are not shown to be overlapped on the pipe sections, the attached figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 show the structure of the tunneling head 1-2 and the pipe sections 1-3 specifically, a slag suction hole 1-2-2 is arranged on a cutter head 1-2-1 which rotates by the tunneling head 1-2, a first slag conveying pipe 1-2-3 which is communicated with the slag suction hole 1-2-2 is arranged in a casing of the tunneling head 1-2, a second slag conveying pipe 1-3-1 which is communicated with the first slag conveying pipe 1-2-3 is arranged in the casing of the pipe sections 1-3, and the pipe sections 1-3-1 which are overlapped are arranged between the first slag conveying pipe 1-2-3 and the second slag conveying pipe 1-3-1 The second slag conveying pipes 1-3-1 on the first slag conveying pipe 3 are in separable and airtight connection;
the main operation device 1 also comprises a frame 1-4, a lower pressure plate 1-5 for pressing down the tunneling head 1-2 or the overlapped pipe joint 1-3, the lower pressure plate 1-5 is driven by an oil cylinder to lift, the slag discharge pipe 1-1 is fixed on the frame 1-4, and the main operation device also comprises a telescopic pipe 1-6, the upper end of the telescopic pipe 1-6 is hermetically connected with the slag discharge pipe 1-1, the telescopic pipe 1-6 which is separately and hermetically connected with the first slag delivery pipe 1-2-3 and then the second slag delivery pipe 1-3-1 is fixed on the lower pressure plate 1-5 in the tunneling process, as shown in figure 6
The separable sealing connection can be a structure which is sleeved, a sealing ring is arranged at the sleeved position, the sleeved surface can be a cylindrical surface or a conical surface, and the lower part of the attached figure 6 shows a conical sleeved surface structure.
As shown in the attached figure 2, the first slag conveying pipe 1-2-3 comprises a rotating pipe 1-2-4 fixed on the cutter head 1-2-1 and rotating along with the cutter head 1-2-1 and a fixed pipe 1-2-5 fixed in the shell of the tunneling head 1-2, the shell of the tunneling head 1-2 is divided into a swinging shell at the lower part and a non-swinging shell at the upper part due to the requirement of adjusting the tunneling direction, the fixed pipe 1-2-5 fixed in the shell of the tunneling head 1-2 means that the fixed pipe 1-2-5 is fixed in the non-swinging shell, the rotating pipe 1-2-4 and the fixed pipe 1-2-5 are coaxial with the tunneling head 1-2, and the rotating pipe 1-2-4 is hermetically connected with the spherical pair of the fixed pipe 1-2-5; the cutter head 1-2-1 is provided with a cutter shell 1-2-6 and a disk surface 1-2-7 for mounting a hob, a slag containing cavity 1-2-8 is arranged between the cutter shell 1-2-6 and the disk surface 1-2-7, the lower opening part of the rotating pipe 1-2-4 is fixed on the cutter shell 1-2-6, a slag sucking hole 1-2-2 is arranged on the disk surface 1-2-7, and the slag sucking hole 1-2-2 is communicated with the rotating pipe 1-2-4 through the slag containing cavity 1-2-8.
As shown in figure 3, a disc surface 1-2-7 is provided with a slag guide groove 1-2-9 communicated with a slag suction hole 1-2-2, and the slag guide groove 1-2-9 is formed by a convex rib on the disc surface 1-2-7, so that the suction force of the slag suction hole 1-2-2 only acts on a smaller area under the influence of the slag guide groove 1-2-9 when the cutter disc 1-2-1 rotates, and the fluidity of slag is improved.
As shown in the attached figure 6, the telescopic pipe 1-6 comprises an inner pipe 1-6-1 and an outer pipe 1-6-2 which is sleeved outside the inner pipe 1-6-1 in a sealing manner, a middle pipe is arranged between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, the upper end of the outer pipe 1-6-2 is connected with a fixed slag discharge pipe 1-1 in a sealing manner, and the inner pipe 1-6-1 is fixed on a lower pressing plate 1-5.
The main working process of the invention is as follows:
firstly, the main operation device 1 starts tunneling after being positioned, and under the action of vacuum suction, the slag stone sequentially enters a slag suction barrel 2-3 through a slag containing cavity 1-2-8, a first slag delivery pipe 1-2-3, a telescopic pipe 1-6, a slag discharge pipe 1-1, a conveying pipe 3 and a slag suction pipe 2-1 and finally falls into a slag storage tank 2-4 after passing through a slag suction hole 1-2-2 or a slag guide groove 1-2-9 and a slag suction hole 1-2-2;
secondly, when a first pipe joint 1-3 is superposed on the tunneling head 1-2 for continuous tunneling, the slag suction device 2 can be stopped firstly, the lower pressure plate 1-5 is lifted to drive the inner pipe 1-6-1 of the telescopic pipe 1-6 to be separated from the first slag conveying pipe 1-2-3 of the tunneling head 1-2, the superposed pipe joint 1-3 is descended to enable the second slag conveying pipe 1-3-1 to be in close contact with the first slag conveying pipe 1-2-3 after reaching the upper part of the tunneling head 1-2, the lower pressure plate 1-5 is pressed downwards for continuous tunneling, and the slag suction device 2 is started to work before being pressed downwards;
and thirdly, repeating the work of the second process, and superposing the subsequent pipe joints for tunneling.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A high level waste disposal pit tunneling system for vacuum closed deslagging is characterized in that: the device is provided with a main operation device (1) and a movable slag suction device (2), wherein the main operation device (1) is movable and can be positioned at a certain position in a tunnel and vertically and downwards tunneled, and a slag discharge pipe (1-1) of the main operation device (1) is connected with a slag suction pipe (2-1) of the slag suction device (2) through a conveying pipe (3);
the slag suction device (2) also comprises a vacuum pump (2-2), a slag suction barrel (2-3) and a slag storage tank (2-4);
the main operation device (1) also comprises a tunneling head (1-2) and a plurality of pipe joints (1-3) which are overlapped above the tunneling head (1-2) one by one, a slag suction hole (1-2-2) is arranged on a cutterhead (1-2-1) of the tunneling head (1-2) in rotation, a first slag conveying pipe (1-2-3) communicated with the slag suction hole (1-2-2) is arranged in the shell of the tunneling head (1-2), a second slag conveying pipe (1-3-1) communicated with the first slag conveying pipe (1-2-3) is arranged in the shell of the pipe joint (1-3), the first slag conveying pipe (1-2-3) and the second slag conveying pipe (1-3-1) on the superposed pipe joint (1-3) are in separable and airtight connection;
the main operation device (1) further comprises a frame (1-4) and a lower pressing plate (1-5) for pressing down a tunneling head (1-2) or a superposed pipe joint (1-3), the slag discharging pipe (1-1) is fixed on the frame (1-4), the main operation device is further provided with a telescopic pipe (1-6), the upper end of the telescopic pipe (1-6) is hermetically connected with the slag discharging pipe (1-1), and the lower end of the telescopic pipe (1-6) which is detachably and hermetically connected with the first slag conveying pipe (1-2-3) and then detachably and hermetically connected with the second slag conveying pipe (1-3-1) is fixed on the lower pressing plate (1-5) in the tunneling process.
2. The vacuum-tight deslagging high level waste disposal pit tunneling system according to claim 1, wherein: the first slag conveying pipe (1-2-3) comprises a rotating pipe (1-2-4) fixed on the cutter head (1-2-1) and rotating along with the cutter head (1-2-1) and a fixed pipe (1-2-5) fixed in the shell of the tunneling head (1-2), the rotating pipe (1-2-4) and the fixed pipe (1-2-5) are coaxial with the tunneling head (1-2), and the rotating pipe (1-2-4) is hermetically connected with the spherical pair of the fixed pipe (1-2-5); the cutter head (1-2-1) is provided with a cutter shell (1-2-6) and a disk surface (1-2-7) provided with a hob, a slag containing cavity (1-2-8) is arranged between the cutter shell (1-2-6) and the disk surface (1-2-7), the lower opening part of the rotating pipe (1-2-4) is fixed on the cutter shell (1-2-6), the disk surface (1-2-7) is provided with the slag sucking hole (1-2-2), and the slag sucking hole (1-2-2) is communicated with the rotating pipe (1-2-4) through the slag containing cavity (1-2-8).
3. The vacuum-tight deslagging high level waste disposal pit tunneling system according to claim 2, wherein: the disc surface (1-2-7) is provided with a slag guide groove (1-2-9) communicated with the slag suction hole (1-2-2).
4. The vacuum-tight deslagging high level waste disposal pit tunneling system according to claim 1, wherein: the telescopic pipe (1-6) comprises an inner pipe (1-6-1) and an outer pipe (1-6-2) which is sleeved outside the inner pipe (1-6-1) in a sealing manner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110375915.0A CN113153344B (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | High-level waste disposal pit tunneling system for vacuum airtight deslagging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110375915.0A CN113153344B (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | High-level waste disposal pit tunneling system for vacuum airtight deslagging |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113153344A true CN113153344A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
| CN113153344B CN113153344B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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