CN112253129A

CN112253129A - Full-automatic shaft shield constructs equipment

Info

Publication number: CN112253129A
Application number: CN202010930113.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘远征; 毛建强
Original assignee: Liaoning Censcience Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Liaoning Censcience Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-07
Filing date: 2020-09-07
Publication date: 2021-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-07
Also published as: CN112253129B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shaft well formation, in particular to full-automatic shaft shield equipment, which comprises a cutter head for equipment tunneling; the swing arm is arranged above the cutter head and used for driving the cutter head to swing; the main drive is arranged above the swing arm and used for driving the swing arm to rotate; the pilot ring is arranged on the periphery of the main drive and used for supporting the main drive and the duct piece and pushing the main drive to move downwards; the center rotation is arranged in the middle of the main drive and used for connecting a hydraulic pipeline and a cable; a step-by-step lifting system arranged above the main drive for lifting the main drive; the immersed tube guiding system is arranged on the ground and used for supporting and propelling the immersed tube piece; the pipeline servo system is arranged on the ground and used for conveying a hydraulic pipeline and a cable to a driving part of the shield equipment; and a rock slag removing system is arranged at the lower part of the cutter head. The invention can be suitable for the vertical shaft construction of various stratums and ground conditions, can realize the parallel operation of drilling and supporting, achieves the aim of 'drilling without going into the well', and fundamentally solves the safety problem of constructors.

Description

Full-automatic shaft shield constructs equipment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of shaft well formation, and particularly relates to full-automatic shaft shield equipment.

Background

Vertical shafts have long played a very important role in both underground resource mining and the exploitation and utilization of underground spaces.

At present, there are many construction methods for a shaft, and the construction method can be roughly classified into two types. One is the common shaft sinking method, which is also the most widely used at present. The method is assisted with the modification of surrounding soil and the construction of an in-well drilling and blasting method in the drilling process of the hard rock stratum. The common shaft sinking method has the defects of complex construction process, high production cost, more operators, high labor intensity, severe construction environment, high potential safety hazard and the like. The other type is a drilling machine well sinking method, which is a mechanized production method using large-scale equipment instead of manual excavation. And the method can be divided into well drilling and well sinking by a raise boring method according to the excavation direction. The raise-boring method features that the rock slag is conveyed out via tunnel in the bottom of well to reduce the difficulty in slag discharge in the bottom of well, but the well wall is always exposed during drilling and dismantling and has high rock stratum stability, otherwise it is easy to cause accident. Therefore, the diameter and depth of the well drilling by the raise boring method are limited. Drilling and sinking are receiving more and more attention as the requirements of some industries on well depth are continuously increased and the requirements of large-diameter vertical wells are met.

The mainstream equipment for sinking the well by the drilling method is a vertical shaft heading machine at present. A full-section type slurry circulation vertical shaft tunneling machine is designed in Germany and former Soviet Union as early as the last century, and the full-section type slurry circulation vertical shaft tunneling machine has the problems that rocks are repeatedly crushed, finally become fine particles, are difficult to separate from slurry, the use amount of the slurry is sharply increased, the quality of the slurry is reduced due to underground water flowing, and the like. Later on, the former company of sovietneck institute adopted a planetary cutter head and was successfully used in the carinnine ore of ukrainton bas. The muddy water circulation vertical shaft heading machine with the planet wheel type cutter head well avoids the defect of repeated rock crushing, and improves the self-stability of a well wall in the well forming process by the aid of the template for pouring well wall concrete. However, the cutter head of the device adopts a scraper or a single-pivot roller to break rock, and has limitation on the tunneling of rock strata with different hardness. The German Haelix company designs an open caisson submerged vertical shaft heading machine aiming at projects such as a construction well of an aquifer, a municipal shallow well and the like. Meanwhile, the non-underground water layer construction can adopt vacuum pump suction to remove slag. The production of the device has the biggest characteristic that the device can be completely constructed underwater, and the precipitation process and the construction of reinforcing soil outside a well are saved by self-making the segment protecting wall. The equipment adopts a cutting drill bit, the rock breaking efficiency is low, the requirement on rock formation hardness is met, and the drilling depth is shallow and is generally less than 100 m. Further, there are scraper chain bucket mechanical deslagging shaft boring machines designed by robins corporation, usa, rotary rock breaking bit shaft boring machines developed by redpases and robins corporation, mechanical rotary deslagging shaft boring machines designed by harelix corporation, germany, and the like. The devices have the problems of complex structure, long field assembly time, inconvenient disassembly, high manufacturing cost and the like, and the auxiliary operation of the devices still needs constructors to enter underground, so that the devices have high danger and cause certain restriction on high-efficiency, quick and low-cost construction.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

In view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides full-automatic shaft shield equipment, which solves the problems of complicated equipment structure, long field assembly time, inconvenient disassembly, high manufacturing cost and the like of the conventional equipment that personnel is required to enter the underground operation.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:

a fully automatic shaft shield apparatus comprising: the cutter head is arranged at the lowest part of the shield equipment and is driven by the cutter head to realize the autorotation of the cutter head for the tunneling of the equipment; the swing arm is arranged above the cutter head and used for driving the cutter head to swing; the main drive is arranged above the swing arm and used for driving the swing arm to rotate, and the revolution of the cutter head is realized through the main drive; the guide ring is arranged on the periphery of the main drive and used for supporting the main drive and pushing the main drive to move downwards, and the upper part of the guide ring is connected with the duct piece and used for supporting the duct piece; the center rotation is arranged in the middle of the main drive and used for connecting a hydraulic pipeline and a cable; the stepping lifting system is arranged above the main drive and used for lifting the main drive, the stepping lifting system is connected with the duct piece, and the main drive, a swing arm and a cutter head which are connected with the main drive are lifted through the stepping lifting system; the immersed tube guiding system is arranged on the ground and used for supporting and propelling the immersed tube piece; the pipeline servo system is arranged on the ground and used for conveying the hydraulic pipeline and the cable; and the lower part of the cutter head is provided with a rock slag removing system, and the rock slag removing system is connected with a rock slag processing system on the ground and used for discharging rock slag into the well.

Optionally, the cutter head comprises: the lower part of the cutterhead frame is provided with a plurality of hobbing cutters and scrapers along the circumferential direction, and the hobbing cutters and the scrapers are used for cutting and collecting rock soil respectively; the upper part of the cutter head frame is connected with the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing, and the cutter head frame is driven to rotate through the rotation of the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing; the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing is provided with a cutter head outer gear which is used for being meshed with a cutter head speed reducer output shaft gear on the upper part of the cutter head driving bearing, and the cutter head speed reducer is used for driving the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing to rotate; the upper part of the cutter head speed reducer is connected with a cutter head hydraulic motor, and an output shaft gear of the cutter head speed reducer is driven to rotate by the cutter head hydraulic motor; the shell of the cutter head speed reducer is connected with the inner ring of the cutter head driving bearing through a cutter head driving frame, the cutter head driving frame is connected with the lower part of the swing arm, and the swing arm drives the cutter head to swing.

Optionally, the swing arm comprises: the swing arm seat is arranged at the upper part of the swing arm and is used for connecting a main drive; two ends of the lower part of the swing arm seat are respectively hinged with the two swing arm bodies; two swing arm oil cylinders are arranged on two sides of each swing arm body, and the two swing arm oil cylinders on the same side of the two swing arm bodies are connected with the middle part of the swing arm seat; the swing arm body is driven to rotate on the swing arm seat through the extension and retraction of the swing arm oil cylinder, so that the cutter head is driven to swing; the lower part of the swing arm body is connected with a cutter head connecting flange which is used for connecting a cutter head; the swing arm body is connected with a slag slurry pipeline of the rock slag removing system, and the slag slurry pipeline is connected to a rock slag processing system on the ground through center rotation.

Optionally, the pilot ring comprises: the guide ring comprises an annular guide ring frame, a guide ring supporting shoe and a nozzle; the upper part of the outer ring of the pilot ring frame is provided with a pilot ring support shoe and a nozzle; the pilot ring supporting shoes are connected with supporting shoe oil cylinders in the pilot ring frame, and the pilot ring supporting shoes are driven to extend out through the supporting shoe oil cylinders so as to support the pilot ring frame on the well wall; the nozzle is connected with a slurry tank on the ground through a slurry conveying pipe, and bentonite is filled between the outer ring of the guide ring frame and the well wall through the nozzle; the lower part of the outer ring of the pilot ring frame is provided with a pilot ring brush to prevent bentonite between the outer ring of the pilot ring frame and the well wall from losing; the inner ring of the guide ring frame is provided with a plurality of feeding devices; the feeding device is connected with the main drive to support the main drive and drive the main drive to move downwards.

Optionally, the feeding device comprises a feeding cylinder, a locking cylinder and a feeding frame; the upper end of the feeding oil cylinder is connected with the upper part of the pilot ring frame, the lower end of the feeding oil cylinder is connected with a transverse plate of the feeding frame, and the transverse plate is in sliding connection with vertical plates at two sides of the transverse plate so that the feeding oil cylinder drives the transverse plate to slide on the vertical plates; one end of the locking oil cylinder is fixed on a transverse plate of the feeding frame, and the other end of the locking oil cylinder is connected with the main drive so as to drive the main drive to move downwards when the feeding oil cylinder drives the locking oil cylinder on the transverse plate to move downwards.

Optionally, the main drive comprises: the main driving hydraulic motor, the main driving speed reducer and the main driving bearing are arranged at the upper part of the main driving; the main driving hydraulic motor is connected with the main driving speed reducer and drives the main driving speed reducer to rotate through the main driving hydraulic motor; an output shaft gear of the main drive speed reducer is meshed with a bearing inner gear of the main drive bearing inner ring to drive the main drive bearing inner ring to rotate; the lower part of the inner ring of the main drive bearing is connected with the swing arm, and the inner ring of the main drive bearing is driven to rotate through the main drive reducer so as to drive the swing arm to rotate; the outer ring of the main drive bearing is connected with the pilot ring and used for supporting and pushing the main drive bearing.

Optionally, the upper part of the main drive is also connected with an outer ring of the central revolution for fixing the central revolution; the outer ring of the central revolution is connected with the inner ring of the central revolution through a bearing; the inner ring of the central revolution extends out of the outer ring of the central revolution and is connected with the upper part of the swing arm, and the swing arm is driven to rotate through the main driving bearing, so that the inner ring of the central revolution is driven to rotate relative to the outer ring of the central revolution; the outer ring of the center rotation is connected with a hydraulic pipeline and a cable in a pipeline servo system, the lower part of the inner ring of the center rotation is provided with a plurality of outlets which are respectively used for connecting a cutter head, a swing arm and a hydraulic pipeline of a rock slag removing system, and a slag slurry pipeline of the rock slag removing system so as to provide power and convey liquid.

Optionally, the step lift system comprises: the lifting oil cylinder is used for driving the upper supporting shoe and the lower supporting shoe to move up and down; the upper supporting shoe comprises an upper supporting shoe frame and an annular supporting oil cylinder arranged in the upper supporting shoe frame, the upper supporting shoe frame comprises a plurality of sections of arc-shaped frames in sliding connection, the annular supporting oil cylinder is arranged on the inner wall of the joint of the two sections of arc-shaped frames, one end of the annular supporting oil cylinder is connected with one section of arc-shaped frame, and the other end of the annular supporting oil cylinder is connected with the other section of arc-shaped frame so as to drive the upper supporting shoe frame to be unfolded and contracted, and further fix the upper supporting shoe and move the upper supporting shoe; prop the boots down and prop tight hydro-cylinder including propping the boots frame down and setting up the hoop in propping the boots frame down, prop the boots frame down and include multistage sliding connection's arc frame, the hoop props the inner wall that tight hydro-cylinder setting is in two sections arc frame junctions, the hoop props the one end and one section arc frame joint of tight hydro-cylinder, the hoop props the other end and another section arc frame joint of tight hydro-cylinder to prop the boots frame under the drive and strut and contract, and then prop the boots under fixed and the removal.

Optionally, the sinking tube guiding system comprises: the device comprises a plurality of immersed tube oil cylinders and a plurality of guide supports, wherein the immersed tube oil cylinders are circumferentially arranged along the outer wall of a duct piece, and the upper parts of the immersed tube oil cylinders are provided with fixing pins for clamping the outer wall of the duct piece; the segment is driven to sink through the extension and retraction of the immersed tube oil cylinder; a plurality of guide supports are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the duct piece along the circumferential direction, immersed tube oil cylinders are arranged in the guide supports, and fixing pins on the upper portions of the immersed tube oil cylinders are connected with the guide supports in a sliding mode so as to guide the immersed tube oil cylinders.

Optionally, the slag removal system comprises: a slag suction port, a power device and a slag slurry pipeline; the slag suction port is arranged at the center of the lower part of the cutter head, and the upper part of the slag suction port is connected with the power device through a pipeline; the power device is connected with an inner ring of a cutter head driving bearing of the cutter head so as to fix the power device; a slag slurry pipeline is arranged between the slag suction port and the power device, so that the power device can convey the rock slag sucked by the slag suction port to the slag slurry pipeline; the slurry pipeline is connected with a rock slag processing system on the ground through center rotation so as to discharge the cut rock slag out of the well.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the full-automatic vertical shaft shield equipment provided by the invention can be suitable for vertical shaft construction of various stratums and ground conditions. The parallel operation of drilling and supporting can be realized in the construction process, the aim of 'drilling without going into the well' is really realized, and the safety problem of constructors is fundamentally solved. Meanwhile, the equipment does not need to be blasted in the tunneling process, so that the disturbance to the soil body is reduced to the maximum extent and the pollution caused by blasting is avoided.

The hydraulic and electric control system of the equipment is completely arranged on the ground, so that the weight of the equipment of the machine body is reduced to the maximum extent; the duct piece protecting wall is installed in the tunneling process, the vertical shaft is safe, the self-stability of the shaft wall is high, and the tunneling depth is not limited; the cutter head adopts a hob cutter arrangement as a main part and is assisted by a scraper, so that the cutter head is suitable for various stratum structures; the cutter head rotation, swing arm swing and main driving rotation are combined, so that the equipment is high in degree of freedom, flexible and reliable. Meanwhile, the slag discharge can adopt muddy water circulation slag discharge and vacuum dust collection slag discharge, and is suitable for various ground conditions.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the fully-automatic shaft shield equipment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cutterhead of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a bottom schematic view of the cutterhead of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutterhead frame of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front view schematically illustrating the swing arm of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the swing arm of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a top view of the swing arm of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a pilot ring of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view a-a of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a top view of a pilot ring of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic front view of the step-by-step lift system of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic sectional view a-a of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a schematic top view of the step-lift system of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a front view of the sinking tube guiding system of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a top view of the sinking tube guiding system of the present invention.

[ description of reference ]

1. A cutter head; 11. a cutter head frame; 12. hobbing cutters; 13. the cutter head drives the bearing; 14. a cutter head speed reducer; 15. a cutter head hydraulic motor; 16. a scraper; 17. a cutter head drive frame;

2. swinging arms; 21. a swing arm seat; 22. a swing arm body; 23. a swing arm cylinder; 24. the cutter head is connected with a flange;

3. a pilot ring; 31. a pilot ring frame; 32. a pilot ring support shoe; 33. a nozzle; 34. a guide ring brush; 35. a shoe supporting oil cylinder; 36. a feed cylinder; 37. locking the oil cylinder; 38. a feeding frame; 381. a transverse plate; 382. a vertical plate;

4. main driving; 41. a main drive hydraulic motor; 42. a main drive reducer; 43. a main drive bearing;

5. rotating the center;

6. a step-by-step hoisting system; 61. an upper support boot; 62. a lower support boot; 63. lifting the oil cylinder; 64. circularly bracing the oil cylinder; 65. an arc frame; 66. an inner slip sheet; 67. an outer slip sheet; 68. a wire rope;

7. a duct piece;

8. a sink pipe guidance system; 81. a immersed tube oil cylinder; 82. a guide bracket; 83. a fixing pin;

9. a pipeline servo system; 91. a pipeline rack body; 92. hydraulic lines and cables;

10. a slag removal system; 101. a slag suction port; 102. a power plant; 103. a slurry pipeline.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used with reference to the orientation of FIG. 1.

In order to better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

Embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a fully automatic shaft shield apparatus for shaft construction of various strata and conditions.

The shield equipment comprises a cutter head 1 arranged at the lowest part of the equipment, wherein the cutter head 1 is driven by the cutter head to realize the rotation of the cutter head 1 and is used for the tunneling of the equipment.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the cutterheads 1 are two groups, and can automatically cut rock soil. The rock breaking cutter is a hob 12 assisted by a scraper 16 to collect the dregs so as to adapt to stratum changes of different depths from top to bottom. Because normal shield constructs the quick-witted hobbing cutter and all installs from the inside of blade disc and go into to be unfavorable for maintaining. The hob 12 is of a forward installation type, namely the hob 12 can be directly connected from the outside of the cutterhead frame 11, so that the stability in the tunneling process is improved, and the maintenance and replacement of the hob are facilitated.

The cutterhead 1 comprises a cutterhead frame 11 arranged at the lower part of the cutterhead 1, and a plurality of hobs 12 are arranged at the lower part of the cutterhead frame 11 along the circumferential direction and used for cutting rock soil. Wherein, a plurality of hobs 12 are arranged along the outer ring of the lower part of the cutterhead frame 11, and a plurality of hobs 12 are arranged along the inner ring of the lower part of the cutterhead frame 11. And a scraper 16 is arranged between every two hob cutters 12 arranged on the outer ring, the scraper 16 is fixed at the lower part of the hob head frame 11, and the lower ends of the scrapers 16 are higher than the lower ends of the hob cutters 12, so that the scrapers 16 are prevented from being damaged when the hob cutters 12 cut. Both sides of the hob 12 are connected with the lower part of the cutterhead frame 11 through bearings, so that the hob 12 can rotate on the cutterhead frame 11. The hob 12 on the outer ring is turned outwards by a certain angle, so that on one hand, the abrasion of the hob 12 can be reduced, and on the other hand, the hob 12 can be cut to the well center. Under the combined action of the hob 12 and the scraper 16, the rock debris removed is collected by gravity into the rock debris removal system 10 in the center of the cutterhead frame 11, and is discharged into the well.

The upper part of the cutter head frame 11 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing 13, and the cutter head frame 11 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing 13; thereby realizing the rotation of the cutter head frame 11.

The outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing 13 is provided with a cutter head external gear (not shown in the figure) for connecting with a cutter head speed reducer 14 on the upper part thereof, and an output shaft of the cutter head speed reducer 14 is provided with a gear which is meshed with the cutter head external gear and is used for driving the cutter head external gear to rotate so as to drive the cutter head frame 11 to rotate.

The upper part of the cutter head speed reducer 14 is in key connection with the cutter head hydraulic motor 15, and the cutter head hydraulic motor 15 drives an output shaft gear of the cutter head speed reducer 14 to rotate. The number of the cutter head speed reducer 14 and the cutter head hydraulic motor 15 in this embodiment is four. In concrete implementation, the number of equipment is determined according to the cutting torque of the cutter head 1, the reduction ratio of the gear and the cutter head speed reducer 14, the rotation speed of the cutter head hydraulic motor 15, and the like. The present invention is not limited to the connection between the cutter head reducer 14 and the cutter head hydraulic motor 15, and may be a coupling connection, a gear connection, or the like.

The cutter head driving frame 17 is used for fixing the cutter head driving bearing 13 and the cutter head speed reducer 14, the upper part of the cutter head driving frame 17 is fixedly connected with a cutter head connecting flange 24 at the lower part of the swing arm 2, the cutter head 1 is driven to swing through the swing of the swing arm 2, and the cutter head 1 is driven to revolve through the rotation of the swing arm 2. The cutter head driving frame 17 is a steel structure frame, so that the whole cutter head 1 is more stable. When the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing 13 rotates, the cutter head frame 11, the hob 12 and the scraper 16 are driven to rotate, and the inner ring of the cutter head driving bearing 13, the cutter head speed reducer 14, the cutter head hydraulic motor 15 and the cutter head driving frame 17 do not rotate.

As shown in fig. 5-7, the shield tunneling apparatus further includes a swing arm 2 disposed above the cutter head 1 for driving the cutter head 1 to swing. The swing arm 2 is used for connecting the cutter head 1 with the main drive 4, can swing at a certain angle, and is used for adjusting the cutting coverage area of the cutter head 1 and enlarging the rock breaking coverage area of the cutter head 1. The maximum swing angle of the swing arm 2 can ensure that the hob 12 on the cutter disc 1 is cut to the cutting edge of the pilot ring 3, namely the excavation diameter of the equipment, so that the rock and soil cutting resistance of the cutting edge is reduced. The minimum angle of the swing arm 2 allows the cutterhead 1 to cut to the well center.

The swing arm 2 comprises a swing arm seat 21 which is arranged at the upper part of the swing arm 2 and is connected with the main drive 4; the swing arm base 21 is in a circular ring structure, and the center of the swing arm base is connected with the center rotation 5, so that the center rotation 5 rotates along with the swing arm 2. Two ends of the lower part of the swing arm seat 21 are respectively hinged with the two swing arm bodies 22; the swing arm body 22 can rotate relative to the swing arm base 21. The swing arm body 22 is connected with a slag slurry pipeline 103 of the rock slag removing system 10, one end of the slag slurry pipeline 103 is connected to a rock slag processing system on the ground through the central rotation 5, and the other end of the slag slurry pipeline 103 penetrates through the swing arm body 22 and a cutter head connecting flange 24 at the lower part of the swing arm body 22 to be connected with a slag suction port 101 of the rock slag removing system 10. The slurry pipeline 103 is a hose, and a certain length needs to be reserved during installation, so that the slurry pipeline 103 is prevented from being torn off when the swing arm body 22 swings.

Two sides of each swing arm body 22 are respectively provided with a swing arm oil cylinder 23, and the two swing arm oil cylinders 23 on the same side of the two swing arm bodies 22 are respectively fixedly connected with the lower part of the triangular support in the middle of the swing arm seat 21; the swing arm body 22 is driven to rotate on the swing arm seat 21 through the extension and retraction of the swing arm oil cylinder 23, so that the cutter head 1 is driven to swing left and right. During specific implementation, the two swing arm bodies 22 cannot be located at the lowest end position at the same time, and mutual influence of the two cutter discs 1 at the lower part is avoided. As shown in fig. 1, at the positions of the two swing arm bodies 22 when the excavation is started, the left swing arm body 22 is responsible for cutting the center of the well, and the right swing arm body 22 is responsible for cutting the wall of the well. And then the left swing arm cylinder 23 extends out to drive the left swing arm body 22 to swing, so that the cutting area is enlarged, rock and soil between the well center and the well wall are crushed, and the rock and soil of the layer is cut.

The lower part of the swing arm body 22 is connected with a cutter head connecting flange 24, and the cutter head connecting flange 24 is connected with a cutter head driving frame 17 on the cutter head 1; thereby driving the cutter head 1 to swing and revolve.

As shown in fig. 1, the shield tunneling apparatus further includes a main drive 4 disposed above the swing arm 2 for driving the swing arm 2 to rotate. The main drive 4 is used for providing power for the rotation of the cutter head 1 which is used for cutting rock soil in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 1, so that the cutter head 1 forms continuous cutting action. The main drive 4 is provided with cylinder seats (not shown) uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction for locking the locking cylinders 37 on the pilot ring 3, thereby fixing the whole device to the pilot ring 3 and providing reaction force for the shield to advance and cut rock soil.

The main drive 4 in this embodiment includes a main drive hydraulic motor 41 provided at an upper portion of the main drive 4. The lower part of the main drive hydraulic motor 41 is connected to the main drive reduction gear 42 through a key, and the main drive hydraulic motor 41 rotates the main drive reduction gear 42. The shell of the main drive reducer 42 is connected with the outer ring of the main drive bearing 43 through a drive frame (not shown in the figure), the drive frame is connected with the upper supporting shoe 61 of the stepping lifting system 6 through a steel wire rope 68, and the main drive 4 is driven to move upwards through the stepping lifting system 6. The driving frame is a steel structure frame, so that the main drive 4 is more stable integrally. The gear on the lower output shaft of the main drive reducer 42 is meshed with a main drive internal gear (not shown in the figure) on the inner ring of the main drive bearing 43; the rotation of the speed reducer 42 drives the inner ring of the main drive bearing 43 to rotate. The lower part of the inner ring of the main drive bearing 43 is fixedly connected with the swing arm seat 21 at the upper part of the swing arm 2, and the inner ring of the main drive bearing 43 is driven to rotate through the main drive speed reducer 42, so as to drive the swing arm 2 to rotate. And an oil cylinder seat on the outer ring of the main driving bearing 43 is fixedly connected with the locking oil cylinder 37 of the pilot ring 3, and is used for supporting the main driving bearing 43 and propelling the main driving bearing 43 to move downwards so as to further propel the cutter head 1 to tunnel downwards.

As shown in fig. 1, the shield tunneling apparatus further includes a central swivel 5 disposed in the middle of the main drive 4 for connecting a hydraulic line and a cable, and the central swivel 5 is an existing apparatus. Because the hydraulic power of the shield is on the ground, only the hydraulic pipeline needs to lift along with the equipment, the central rotation 5 is a passage between the fixed pipeline and the rotation pipeline, and the central rotation 5 realizes that the vertical movement of the hydraulic pipeline is converted into the rotation along with the equipment. The hydraulic pipeline does not rotate along with the swing arm 2 by utilizing the central rotation 5; the outer ring of the central revolution 5 is connected with the main drive 4 for fixing the central revolution 5.

The inner ring of the central revolution 5 extends out of the outer ring of the central revolution 5 and is fixedly connected with the swing arm seat 21 at the upper part of the swing arm 2, and the swing arm 2 is driven to rotate by the main drive bearing 43, so that the inner ring of the central revolution 5 is driven to rotate relative to the outer ring of the central revolution 5.

The inner ring of the central revolution 5 is provided with a plurality of circumferential groove structures, the outer ring of the central revolution 5 is provided with a plurality of inlets communicated with the pipeline servo system 9, and the inlets are arranged corresponding to the groove structures of the inner ring, so that the corresponding inlets are communicated with the groove structures no matter which angle the inner ring rotates. Each groove structure is provided with an axial outlet which is respectively communicated with the cutter head 1, the swing arm 2 and an oil way of the rock slag removing system 10. Therefore, the function that the upper pipeline does not rotate and the lower pipeline rotates relatively and can be communicated with an oil way can be realized. The inner ring of the central revolution 5 is a hollow cylinder. The upper part of the outer ring of the central revolution 5 is connected with a hydraulic pipeline and a cable 92 in a pipeline servo system 9, the lower part of the inner ring of the central revolution 5 is provided with a plurality of outlets, including an oil path outlet and a slag slurry outlet, oil paths for respectively connecting the cutter head 1, the swing arm 2 and the rock slag removing system 10, and a slag slurry pipeline 103 of the rock slag removing system 10, so as to provide power and convey liquid (the liquid comprises grease and slag slurry for sealing). The slurry outlet at the lower part of the inner ring of the central revolution 5 is connected with the slurry pipeline 103 through a dynamic seal, so that the slurry outlet does not rotate along with the rotation of the slurry pipeline 103. Because the inner circle of centre gyration 5 is fixed with swing arm 2, so when swing arm 2 was rotatory, the inner circle of centre gyration 5 followed the rotation to the rotational speed that drives its inside hydraulic line and cable is the same with swing arm 2's rotational speed, realizes synchronous revolution promptly, has avoided the winding scheduling problem of hydraulic line and cable.

As shown in fig. 8-10, the shield tunneling apparatus further includes a pilot ring 3 disposed at the periphery of the main drive 4 for supporting the main drive 4, and an upper portion of the pilot ring 3 is connected to the segment 7 for supporting the segment 7. The guide ring 3 is connected with the first segment of pipe piece 7 and mainly plays roles in assisting the sinking of the pipe piece 7, supporting shield equipment, adjusting the axial position and the radial position of the shield equipment and the like. Meanwhile, the nozzle 33 is arranged on the guide ring 3 and used for injecting bentonite between the pipe piece 7 and the well wall to form a slurry retaining wall, and the slurry can be injected in the tunneling process.

The guide ring 3 includes a guide ring frame 31; the guide ring frame 31 has a circular ring-shaped structure in plan view. The lower portion of the guide ring frame 31 is of an inverted triangular cross-section, which facilitates the downward pushing of the guide ring 3.

The upper part of the outer ring of the guide ring frame 31 is provided with a guide ring support shoe 32 and a nozzle 33. The outer side of the pilot ring support shoe 32 is of an arc structure, is matched with the arc outer wall of the pilot ring frame 31, and is used for being integrated with the pilot ring frame 31 when the pilot ring support shoe 32 retracts, so that the downward propulsion of the pilot ring 3 is not influenced. The pilot ring supporting shoes 32 are connected with supporting shoe oil cylinders 35 in the pilot ring frame 31, and the supporting shoe oil cylinders 35 drive the pilot ring supporting shoes 32 to extend out so as to support the pilot ring frame 31 on the well wall. The nozzle 33 is connected with a slurry tank on the ground through a slurry conveying pipe, the slurry tank needs to manually control a slurry conveying switch, and bentonite is filled between the outer ring of the guide ring frame 31 and the well wall through the nozzle 33 to form a slurry retaining wall.

The lower part of the outer ring of the guide ring frame 31 is provided with a guide ring brush 34 to prevent the bentonite between the outer ring of the guide ring frame 31 and the well wall from losing.

The inner ring of the guide ring frame 31 is provided with a plurality of feeding devices; the feeding device is connected with the main drive 4 to support the main drive 4 and to drive the main drive 4 to move downwards.

The feeding device comprises a feeding oil cylinder 36, a locking oil cylinder 37 and a feeding frame 38. The upper end of the feed oil cylinder 36 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the pilot ring frame 31, the lower end of the feed oil cylinder 36 is fixedly connected with a horizontal plate 381 of the feed frame 38, and the horizontal plate 381 is in sliding connection with vertical plates 382 on two sides of the horizontal plate 381, so that the feed oil cylinder 36 drives the horizontal plate 381 to slide on the vertical plates 382. One end of the locking cylinder 37 is fixed on the horizontal plate 381 of the feeding frame 38, and the other end of the locking cylinder 37 extends out to abut against the cylinder seat of the outer ring of the main drive bearing 43 of the main drive 4, so as to support the main drive 4 through the locking cylinder 37, and further drive the main drive 4 to move downwards when the feeding cylinder 36 drives the locking cylinder 37 on the horizontal plate 381 to move downwards. In the invention, the horizontal plate 381 is connected with the vertical plate 382 in a sliding manner, and can be a sliding rail which is matched with a sliding block to slide, a roller which is matched with a plane to slide, and the like.

In specific implementation, the guide ring supporting shoe 32 is driven to extend out by the supporting shoe oil cylinder 35 to support the guide ring frame 31 on the well wall, then the feeding oil cylinder 36 pushes the transverse plate 381 of the feeding frame 38 to move downwards, so as to drive the locking oil cylinder 37 and the main drive 4 fixed with the locking oil cylinder 37 to move downwards, and the main drive 4 drives the cutter head 1 to move downwards to complete tunneling. After drilling is completed, the locking cylinder 37 needs to be retracted to disengage the pilot ring 3 from the main drive 4, so that the main drive 4 can be lifted to the ground.

As shown in fig. 11-13, the shield tunneling apparatus further includes a step-lift system 6 disposed above the main drive 4 for lifting the main drive 4, the step-lift system 6 being connected to the segment 7. The stepping lifting system 6 is connected with the main drive 4 of the shield equipment and is used for maintaining the equipment and lifting the equipment back to the field. The stepping lifting system 6 is divided into an upper group of supporting shoes and a lower group of supporting shoes, wherein the radial expansion and contraction are controlled by two groups of annular supporting oil cylinders 64 respectively, and the upper group of supporting shoes and the lower group of supporting shoes alternately extend out and can be clamped on a stepping clamping ring (not shown in the figure) of the duct piece 7. The upper and lower groups of supporting shoes are connected by a group of lifting oil cylinders 63, the upper supporting shoe 61 is connected with the main drive 4 by a steel wire rope 68, and the lifting oil cylinders 63 lift to drive the main drive 4 of the shield equipment to move up and down.

The stepping lifting system 6 comprises an upper supporting shoe 61, a lower supporting shoe 62 and a lifting oil cylinder 63 which is connected with the upper supporting shoe 61 and the lower supporting shoe 62, wherein the lifting oil cylinder 63 is used for driving the upper supporting shoe 61 and the lower supporting shoe 62 to move up and down; thereby driving the main drive 4 to move up and down.

In this embodiment, the upper shoe support 61 includes two upper shoe support frames and a hoop-supporting oil cylinder 64 arranged in the upper shoe support frames, the upper shoe support frames include a multi-section sliding-connection arc-shaped frame 65, an inner sliding sheet 66 is arranged at one end of the arc-shaped frame 65, and an outer sliding sheet 67 is arranged at the other end of the arc-shaped frame 65. Wherein the inner slide 66 of one arc frame 65 is slidably connected to the outer slide 67 of the other arc frame 65. The annular tightening oil cylinder 64 is arranged on the inner wall of the upper shoe supporting frame, one end of the annular tightening oil cylinder 64 is fixedly connected with an inner slide sheet 66 of one arc-shaped frame 65, and the other end of the annular tightening oil cylinder 64 is fixedly connected with an outer slide sheet 67 of the other arc-shaped frame 65; the upper supporting shoe frame is driven to radially expand and contract by the expansion and contraction of the annular supporting oil cylinder 64.

In this embodiment, the lower supporting shoe 62 includes a lower supporting shoe frame and an annular supporting oil cylinder 64 disposed in the lower supporting shoe frame, the lower supporting shoe frame includes a multi-section slidably connected arc frame 65, an inner sliding sheet 66 is disposed at one end of the arc frame 65, and an outer sliding sheet 67 is disposed at the other end of the arc frame 65. Wherein the inner slide 66 of one arc frame 65 is slidably connected to the outer slide 67 of the other arc frame 65. The annular tightening oil cylinder 64 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower shoe supporting frame, one end of the annular tightening oil cylinder 64 is fixedly connected with an inner slide sheet 66 of one arc-shaped frame 65, and the other end of the annular tightening oil cylinder 64 is fixedly connected with an outer slide sheet 67 of the other arc-shaped frame 65; the lower supporting shoe frame is driven to radially expand and contract by the expansion and contraction of the annular supporting oil cylinder 64.

In specific implementation, the cylinder barrel at the upper end of the lifting cylinder 63 abuts between the two upper supporting shoe frames of the upper supporting shoe 61, and the cylinder seat at the lower end of the lifting cylinder 63 is fixed at the upper part of the lower supporting shoe frame of the lower supporting shoe 62. The upper supporting shoe 61 and the lower supporting shoe 62 are respectively fixed on the stepping snap ring of the duct piece 7 through an annular supporting oil cylinder 64 in a supporting way, and at the moment, the lifting oil cylinder 63 is in a compression state; neither the upper shoe 61 nor the lower shoe 62 is stationary during the tunneling of the device. After the tunneling of the equipment is finished, the annular supporting oil cylinder 64 in the upper supporting shoe 61 contracts to drive the upper supporting shoe 61 to contract in the radial direction, and then the lifting oil cylinder 63 extends out to enable the upper supporting shoe 61 to drive the main drive 4, the swing arm 2 at the lower part of the main drive 4 and the cutter head 1 to move upwards; when the lifting oil cylinder 63 rises to the highest point, the upper supporting shoe 61 is driven by the annular supporting oil cylinder 64 to be radially supported and fixed on the duct piece 7; and finally, the lower supporting shoe 62 is driven to contract in the radial direction through the annular supporting oil cylinder 64 in the lower supporting shoe 62, then the lifting oil cylinder 63 is contracted to enable the lower supporting shoe 62 to ascend, and then the lower supporting shoe 62 is supported through the annular supporting oil cylinder 64 in the lower supporting shoe 62 to be unfolded in the radial direction to be fixed on the duct piece 7, so that one-time lifting is completed. The preceding operations are then resumed until the shield apparatus is lifted to the surface.

As shown in fig. 1, the duct piece 7 is fixed on the upper part of the guide ring 3 and sinks slowly with the tunneling of the equipment. The duct piece 7 is provided with grouting holes (not shown in the figure) for grouting slurry into a gap between the duct piece 7 and a well wall, so that the self-stability of the well wall is improved, and the lateral soil pressure and water pressure of the duct piece 7 are reduced. Meanwhile, the slurry can reduce the frictional resistance between the segment 7 and the well wall when sinking. The segment 7 remains in the shaft as a primary lining of the shaft after the driving is completed.

As shown in fig. 14-15, the shield tunneling apparatus further includes a immersed tube guiding system 8 disposed on the ground for supporting the segment 7. The immersed tube guiding systems 8 are arranged at the ground inlet and divided into two groups, the immersed tube guiding systems are alternately arranged on the circumferential direction of the duct piece 7, and each group of immersed tube guiding system consists of an immersed tube oil cylinder 81 and a fixing pin 83. The immersed tube oil cylinder 81 is responsible for lifting the duct piece 7, and the fixing pin 83 is responsible for connecting with the duct piece 7. Two sets of immersed tube direction alternate use, when a set of immersed tube direction sinks section of jurisdiction 7 to fixed position, the immersed tube hydro-cylinder 81 of another set of immersed tube direction rises to the peak to be connected with section of jurisdiction 7 through fixed pin 83, then section of jurisdiction 7 can continue to sink, thereby realizes section of jurisdiction 7's step function.

In this embodiment, the immersed tube guiding system 8 includes twelve immersed tube cylinders 81 and four guiding brackets 82, and the four guiding brackets 82 are symmetrically disposed in the front, rear, left, and right directions of the duct piece 7.

Twelve immersed tube oil cylinders 81 are arranged into two groups along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the duct piece 7, the two groups of immersed tube oil cylinders 81 are arranged at intervals, the upper parts of the immersed tube oil cylinders 81 are provided with fixing pins 83 for clamping the outer wall of the duct piece 7, and the duct piece 7 is driven to sink through the extension and retraction of the immersed tube oil cylinders 81.

A immersed tube oil cylinder 81 is also arranged in the guide bracket 82, and a fixing pin 83 at the upper part of the immersed tube oil cylinder 81 is connected with the guide bracket 82 in a sliding way so as to play a role of guiding the immersed tube oil cylinder 81 in the guide bracket 82.

During specific implementation, two sets of immersed tube hydro-cylinders 81 do not work simultaneously, insert the fixed pin 83 on a set of immersed tube hydro-cylinder 81 upper portion in the pinhole of section of jurisdiction 7 outer wall, when this a set of immersed tube hydro-cylinder 81 sinks section of jurisdiction 7 to a certain position, rise another set of immersed tube hydro-cylinder 81 to the peak to be connected with section of jurisdiction 7 through fixed pin 83, then extract the fixed pin 83 of a set of immersed tube hydro-cylinder 81 before, a set of immersed tube hydro-cylinder 81 of back continues to drive section of jurisdiction 7 and sinks, thereby realize the step function of section of jurisdiction 7.

As shown in fig. 1, the shield tunneling machine further includes a pipeline servo system 9 disposed on the ground for transporting hydraulic pipelines and cables to the cutter head 1, the swing arm 2, the pilot ring 3, the main drive 4, the center slewing 5, the stepping lifting system 6, the immersed tube guiding system 8, and the slag removing system 10. Because the hydraulic power and the electrical equipment required by the shield are all on the ground and do not go down the well along with the equipment, only the hydraulic pipeline and the electrical cable sink along with the equipment. In order to avoid the interference between the pipeline and the pipe piece 7, the pipeline needs to be erected on a pipeline servo system 9 with a certain height. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the stepping synchronization of the pipeline and the equipment, a set of stepping system is designed, so that the rhythm of the sinking of the hydraulic and electric pipelines and the shield is consistent.

The line servo 9 includes: the device comprises a pipeline frame body 91, and a hydraulic pipeline and a cable 92 which are arranged on the upper part of the pipeline frame body 91, wherein the hydraulic pipeline and the cable 92 penetrate through a center rotation 5 and are respectively connected with a cutter head 1, a swing arm 2 and a rock slag removing system 10, and the hydraulic pipeline and the cable 92 are also respectively connected with a pilot ring 3, a main drive 4 and a stepping lifting system 6 and are used for providing power and conveying liquid.

The upper part of the pipeline frame body 91 is provided with a hoist (not shown in the figure) for hoisting the hydraulic pipeline and the cable 92, the hoist can circularly move on the frame at the upper part of the pipeline frame body 91 and can slide along with the movement of the hydraulic pipeline and the cable 92, and then the rhythm of sinking of the hydraulic pipeline and the cable 92 and the shield is consistent. The chain electric hoist or the manual hoist can be selected as the hoist in the invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a rock slag removing system 10 is arranged at the lower part of the cutter head 1, and the rock slag removing system 10 is connected with a rock slag processing system on the ground for removing rock slag. The rock slag removal system 10 can take two forms, namely mud-water circulation slag removal and vacuum dust collection slag removal, and is respectively suitable for a vertical shaft of a water-containing stratum and a vertical shaft of a water-free stratum. The rock slag removing system 10 is fixed at the center of the cutter head 1 and discharges rock and soil cut by the cutter head 1 into the well.

The rock slag removing system 10 comprises a slag suction port 101, a power device 102 and a slag slurry pipeline 103. The slag suction port 101 is arranged at the center of the lower part of the cutter head 1, and the upper part of the slag suction port 101 is connected with the power device 102 through a pipeline. The power unit 102 is fixed to the inner ring of the cutterhead drive bearing 13 through the cutterhead frame 11, so that the rock debris removal system 10 does not rotate with the rotation of the cutterhead frame 11. A slurry pipeline 103 is arranged between the slag suction port 101 and the power device 102, so that the power device 102 can convey the rock slag sucked by the slag suction port 101 to the slurry pipeline 103. The slurry pipeline 103 is connected with a rock slag processing system on the ground through the central rotation 5, so that rock and soil cut by the cutter head 1 are discharged out of the well. The power plant 102 may be selected from a slurry pump, a vacuum pump, or the like, depending on the type of slag removal system 10.

Circulating sludge and water to remove slag: the mud pump is arranged at the center of the cutter head 1, and the slag suction port 101 is arranged at the center of the lowest part of the cutter head 1. The slurry pump pumps the mixture of the slurry and the muck to the ground, and the slurry is separated from the muck through the slurry water treatment system. And (3) the slurry flows back into the well hole, is injected into a gap between the pipe piece 7 and the well wall, and is thrown into the circulation again.

Vacuum dust collection and slag discharge: the slag suction opening 101 of the vacuum cleaning line is arranged in the center of the lowermost face of the cutter head 1. The dregs are sucked out in a dust suction mode and are collected and discharged to the ground through the filtering and dust removing device.

The specific working process of the invention is as follows:

when shield equipment starts to work, two swing arm bodies 22 of a swing arm 2 are adjusted to the farthest positions, along with the tunneling of a cutter head 1, the angle of one swing arm body 22 is adjusted through a swing arm oil cylinder 23, the cutter head 1 moves towards the center of a well until the swing arm body 22 swings to the center of the well, in the process, a rock slag removing system 10 is always in a working state, and rock soil cut by the cutter head 1 is discharged into the well. The guide ring 3 and the pipe piece 7 enter the well along with the tunneling of the equipment; the outer diameter of the pilot ring 3 coincides with the outer diameter of the segment 7. The feed oil cylinder 36 of the guide ring 3 drives the locking oil cylinder 37 to move downwards, and further drives the main drive 4, the swing arm 2 connected with the main drive 4 and the cutter head 1 to move downwards, so that the cutter head 1 continues to dig in; at this time, the shoe supporting oil cylinder 35 of the guide ring 3 drives the guide ring supporting shoe 32 to extend out, so that the guide ring 3 is supported on the well wall. The main drive bearing 43 of the main drive 4 rotates to drive the swing arm 2 and the cutter head 1 to rotate, namely the cutter head 1 revolves; the cutter head frame 11, the hob 12 and the scraper 16 are driven to rotate through a cutter head driving bearing 13 of the cutter head 1, namely, the cutter head 1 rotates automatically; the purposes of cutting rock soil and collecting rock soil are realized through revolution and rotation of the cutter head 1. The duct piece 7 is controlled to move downwards by a immersed tube oil cylinder 81 of the immersed tube guiding system 8, and the contraction of the immersed tube oil cylinder 81 is synchronous with the contraction of the feeding oil cylinder 36 of the pilot ring 3, so that the duct piece 7 and the pilot ring 3 sink synchronously. When the drilling of the equipment is completed, the equipment is lifted to the surface by means of the step-lift system 6. The stepping lifting system 6 is connected with the duct piece 7, and an upper supporting shoe 61 of the stepping lifting system 6 is connected with the main drive 4. In the lifting process, the locking oil cylinder 37 of the pilot ring 3 needs to be retracted firstly, so that the pilot ring 3 is separated from the main drive 4; then, the annular tightening oil cylinder 64 of the upper supporting shoe 61 is tightened, the upper supporting shoe 61 is radially tightened, then the lifting oil cylinder 63 extends out, the upper supporting shoe 61, the main drive 4 connected with the upper supporting shoe, the swing arm 2 and the cutter head 1 are lifted to a certain height, and then the annular tightening oil cylinder 64 of the upper supporting shoe 61 extends out, so that the upper supporting shoe 61 is supported on the duct piece 7; then the annular supporting oil cylinder 64 of the lower supporting shoe 62 is contracted, the lower supporting shoe 62 is contracted in the radial direction, and then the lifting oil cylinder 63 is contracted, so that the lower supporting shoe 62 is lifted to a certain height, and a lifting operation is completed. The above operation is then repeated until the apparatus is lifted to the surface. The hydraulic pipeline and the cable that need use in the equipment are all provided through setting up the private clothes system of subaerial pipeline, and through central gyration 5 with the gyration pipeline be connected to blade disc 1, swing arm 2 and rock sediment and get rid of system 10, are connected to step-by-step lift system 6, main drive 4, guide ring 3 and immersed tube guiding system 8 through fixed pipeline.

The full-automatic vertical shaft shield equipment provided by the invention can be suitable for vertical shaft construction of various stratums and ground conditions. The hydraulic and electric control system of the equipment is completely arranged on the ground, so that the weight of the equipment of the machine body is reduced to the maximum extent; the duct piece protecting wall is installed in the tunneling process, the vertical shaft is safe, the self-stability of the shaft wall is high, and the tunneling depth is not limited; the cutter head adopts a hob cutter arrangement as a main part and is assisted by a scraper, so that the cutter head is suitable for various stratum structures; the cutter head rotation, swing arm swing and main driving rotation are combined, so that the equipment is high in degree of freedom, flexible and reliable. Meanwhile, the slag discharge can adopt muddy water circulation slag discharge and vacuum dust collection slag discharge, and is suitable for various ground conditions.

The invention relates to a full-automatic shaft shield device; the automatic operation of the shield equipment is realized through the stepping lifting system, the pipeline servo system and the immersed tube guiding system, and manual operation in a well is not needed. The cutter head adopts a planetary double-cutter head structure, and the self-rotation rock breaking and the revolution feeding are carried out; the rock slag removing system adopts pumping slurry for slag removal and negative pressure dust absorption for slag removal, and is suitable for vertical shafts of different stratums.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; either as communication within the two elements or as an interactive relationship of the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, a first feature may be "on" or "under" a second feature, and the first and second features may be in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in indirect contact via an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-automatic shaft shield equipment, its characterized in that includes:

the shield tunneling machine is characterized by comprising a cutter head (1) arranged at the lowest part of the shield tunneling machine, wherein the cutter head (1) is driven by the cutter head to realize the rotation of the cutter head (1) and is used for tunneling the machine;

the swing arm (2) is arranged above the cutter head (1) and used for driving the cutter head (1) to swing;

the main drive (4) is arranged above the swing arm (2) and used for driving the swing arm (2) to rotate, and the revolution of the cutter head (1) is realized through the main drive (4);

the guide ring (3) is arranged on the periphery of the main drive (4) and used for supporting the main drive (4) and pushing the main drive (4) to move downwards, and the upper part of the guide ring (3) is connected with the segment (7) and used for supporting the segment (7);

the central rotation (5) is arranged in the middle of the main drive (4) and is used for connecting a hydraulic pipeline and a cable;

the stepping lifting system (6) is arranged above the main drive (4) and used for lifting the main drive (4), the stepping lifting system (6) is connected with the duct piece (7), and the main drive (4), the swing arm (2) connected with the main drive (4) and the cutter head (1) are lifted through the stepping lifting system (6);

the immersed tube guiding system (8) is arranged on the ground and used for supporting and propelling the immersed tube piece (7);

a pipeline servo system (9) arranged on the ground for transporting hydraulic pipelines and cables;

the lower part of the cutter head (1) is provided with a rock slag removing system (10), and the rock slag removing system (10) is connected with a rock slag processing system on the ground and used for discharging rock slag into the well.

2. The fully automatic shaft shield apparatus of claim 1,

the cutter head (1) comprises: the rock soil collecting device comprises a cutter head frame (11) arranged at the lower part of a cutter head (1), wherein a plurality of hobs (12) and scrapers (16) are arranged at the lower part of the cutter head frame (11) along the circumferential direction and are respectively used for cutting and collecting rock soil;

the upper part of the cutter head frame (11) is connected with the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing (13), and the cutter head frame (11) is driven to rotate through the rotation of the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing (13);

the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing (13) is provided with a cutter head outer gear which is used for being meshed with an output shaft gear of a cutter head speed reducer (14) at the upper part of the cutter head driving bearing (13), and the cutter head speed reducer (14) is used for driving the outer ring of the cutter head driving bearing (13) to rotate;

the upper part of the cutter head speed reducer (14) is connected with a cutter head hydraulic motor (15), and an output shaft gear of the cutter head speed reducer (14) is driven to rotate by the cutter head hydraulic motor (15);

the cutter head speed reducer (14) is characterized in that a shell of the cutter head speed reducer (14) is connected with an inner ring of a cutter head driving bearing (13) through a cutter head driving frame (17), the cutter head driving frame (17) is connected with the lower portion of a swing arm (2), and the swing arm (2) drives a cutter head (1) to swing.

3. The fully automatic shaft shield apparatus of claim 1,

the swing arm (2) comprises: a swing arm seat (21) which is arranged at the upper part of the swing arm (2) and is used for connecting the main drive (4);

two ends of the lower part of the swing arm seat (21) are respectively hinged with the two swing arm bodies (22);

two sides of each swing arm body (22) are respectively provided with a swing arm cylinder (23), and the two swing arm cylinders (23) on the same side of the two swing arm bodies (22) are respectively connected with the middle part of the swing arm seat (21); the swing arm body (22) is driven to rotate on the swing arm seat (21) through the extension and retraction of the swing arm oil cylinder (23), so that the cutter head (1) is driven to swing;

the lower part of the swing arm body (22) is connected with a cutter head connecting flange (24), and the cutter head connecting flange (24) is used for connecting a cutter head (1);

the swing arm body (22) is connected with a slag slurry pipeline (103) of the rock slag removing system (10), and the slag slurry pipeline (103) is connected to a rock slag processing system on the ground through a center rotation (5).

4. The fully automatic shaft shield apparatus of claim 1,

the pilot ring (3) comprises: an annular pilot ring frame (31), a pilot ring support shoe (32), and a nozzle (33);

the upper part of the outer ring of the guide ring frame (31) is provided with a guide ring supporting shoe (32) and a nozzle (33);

the pilot ring supporting shoe (32) is connected with a supporting shoe oil cylinder (35) in the pilot ring frame (31), and the supporting shoe oil cylinder (35) drives the pilot ring supporting shoe (32) to extend out so as to support the pilot ring frame (31) on a well wall;

the nozzle (33) is connected with a slurry tank on the ground through a slurry conveying pipe, and bentonite is filled between the outer ring of the guide ring frame (31) and the well wall through the nozzle (33);

the lower part of the outer ring of the guide ring frame (31) is provided with a guide ring brush (34) to prevent the bentonite between the outer ring of the guide ring frame (31) and the well wall from losing;

the inner ring of the guide ring frame (31) is provided with a plurality of feeding devices;

the feeding device is connected with the main drive (4) to support the main drive (4) and drive the main drive (4) to move downwards.

5. The fully automatic shaft shield apparatus of claim 4 wherein,

the feeding device comprises a feeding oil cylinder (36), a locking oil cylinder (37) and a feeding frame (38);

the upper end of the feeding oil cylinder (36) is connected with the upper part of the guide ring frame (31), the lower end of the feeding oil cylinder (36) is connected with a transverse plate (381) of the feeding frame (38), and the transverse plate (381) is in sliding connection with vertical plates (382) on two sides of the transverse plate (381), so that the feeding oil cylinder (36) drives the transverse plate (381) to slide on the vertical plates (382);

one end of the locking oil cylinder (37) is fixed on a transverse plate (381) of the feeding frame (38), and the other end of the locking oil cylinder (37) is connected with the main drive (4) so as to drive the main drive (4) to move downwards when the feeding oil cylinder (36) drives the locking oil cylinder (37) on the transverse plate (381) to move downwards.

6. The fully automatic shaft shield apparatus of claim 1,

the main drive (4) comprises: a main drive hydraulic motor (41), a main drive speed reducer (42) and a main drive bearing (43) which are arranged at the upper part of the main drive (4);

the main driving hydraulic motor (41) is connected with the main driving speed reducer (42), and the main driving hydraulic motor (41) drives the main driving speed reducer (42) to rotate;

an output shaft gear of the main drive speed reducer (42) is meshed with a bearing inner gear of an inner ring of the main drive bearing (43) so as to drive the inner ring of the main drive bearing (43) to rotate;

the lower part of the inner ring of the main drive bearing (43) is connected with the swing arm (2), and the inner ring of the main drive bearing (43) is driven to rotate through a main drive speed reducer (42) so as to drive the swing arm (2) to rotate;

the outer ring of the main drive bearing (43) is connected with the guide ring (3) and used for supporting and pushing the main drive bearing (43).

7. The fully automatic shaft shield apparatus of claim 6,

the upper part of the main drive (4) is also connected with the outer ring of the central revolution (5) and used for fixing the central revolution (5);

the outer ring of the central revolution (5) is connected with the inner ring of the central revolution (5) through a bearing; the inner ring of the central revolution (5) extends out of the outer ring of the central revolution (5) to be connected with the upper part of the swing arm (2), and the swing arm (2) is driven to rotate by a main drive bearing (43), so that the inner ring of the central revolution (5) is driven to rotate relative to the outer ring of the central revolution (5);

the outer ring of the central rotation (5) is connected with a hydraulic pipeline and a cable in a pipeline servo system (9), the lower part of the inner ring of the central rotation (5) is provided with a plurality of outlets which are respectively used for connecting the hydraulic pipelines of the cutter head (1), the swing arm (2) and the rock slag removing system (10) and a slag slurry pipeline (103) of the rock slag removing system (10) so as to provide power and convey liquid.

8. The fully automatic shaft shield apparatus of claim 1,

the step-lift system (6) comprises: the device comprises an upper supporting shoe (61), a lower supporting shoe (62) and a lifting oil cylinder (63) which is used for connecting the upper supporting shoe (61) and the lower supporting shoe (62), wherein the lifting oil cylinder (63) is used for driving the upper supporting shoe (61) and the lower supporting shoe (62) to move up and down;

the upper supporting shoe (61) comprises an upper supporting shoe frame and an annular supporting oil cylinder (64) arranged in the upper supporting shoe frame, the upper supporting shoe frame comprises a plurality of sections of arc-shaped frames in sliding connection, the annular supporting oil cylinder (64) is arranged on the inner wall of the joint of the two sections of arc-shaped frames, one end of the annular supporting oil cylinder (64) is connected with one section of arc-shaped frame, and the other end of the annular supporting oil cylinder (64) is connected with the other section of arc-shaped frame to drive the upper supporting shoe frame to be unfolded and contracted, so that the upper supporting shoe (61) is fixed and the upper supporting shoe (61) is moved;

prop boots (62) down and prop tight hydro-cylinder (64) including propping the boots frame down and setting up the hoop in propping the boots frame down, prop the boots frame down and include multistage sliding connection's arc frame, hoop props tight hydro-cylinder (64) and sets up the inner wall at two sections arc frame junction, and the hoop props the one end and one section arc frame joint of tight hydro-cylinder (64), and the hoop props the other end and another section arc frame joint of tight hydro-cylinder (64) to prop the boots frame under the drive and strut and contract, and then prop boots (62) under fixed boots (62) and the removal.

9. The fully automatic shaft shield apparatus of claim 1,

the immersed tube guiding system (8) comprises: a plurality of immersed tube oil cylinders (81) and a plurality of guide brackets (82),

the immersed tube oil cylinders (81) are circumferentially arranged along the outer wall of the duct piece (7), and the upper parts of the immersed tube oil cylinders (81) are provided with fixing pins (83) for clamping the outer wall of the duct piece (7); the segment (7) is driven to sink by the extension and retraction of the immersed tube oil cylinder (81);

a plurality of guide brackets (82) are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the duct piece (7) along the circumferential direction, immersed tube oil cylinders (81) are arranged in the guide brackets (82), and fixing pins (83) on the upper portions of the immersed tube oil cylinders (81) are connected with the guide brackets (82) in a sliding mode so as to guide the immersed tube oil cylinders (81).

10. The fully automatic shaft shield apparatus of claim 1,

the slag removal system (10) comprises: a slag suction port (101), a power device (102) and a slurry pipeline (103);

the slag suction port (101) is arranged at the center of the lower part of the cutter head (1), and the upper part of the slag suction port (101) is connected with the power device (102) through a pipeline;

the power device (102) is connected with an inner ring of a cutter head driving bearing (13) of the cutter head (1) to fix the power device (102);

a slag slurry pipeline (103) is arranged between the slag suction port (101) and the power device (102), so that rock slag sucked by the slag suction port (101) is conveyed to the slag slurry pipeline (103) by the power device (102);

the slurry pipeline (103) is connected with a rock slag processing system on the ground through a central rotation (5) so as to discharge the cut rock slag out of the well.