CN111764906B - Full-face vertical shaft tunneling method - Google Patents
Full-face vertical shaft tunneling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111764906B CN111764906B CN202010657058.9A CN202010657058A CN111764906B CN 111764906 B CN111764906 B CN 111764906B CN 202010657058 A CN202010657058 A CN 202010657058A CN 111764906 B CN111764906 B CN 111764906B
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/08—Sinking shafts while moving the lining downwards
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
- E21D1/06—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws with shaft-boring cutters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
- E21D5/06—Lining shafts; Linings therefor with iron or steel
- E21D5/10—Lining shafts; Linings therefor with iron or steel in the form of tubbing or of rings composed of profile elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
- E21D5/12—Accessories for making shaft linings, e.g. suspended cradles, shutterings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D7/00—Shaft equipment, e.g. timbering within the shaft
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-face shaft tunneling method, which belongs to the technical field of shaft construction and is characterized by comprising the following steps of: a. excavating a well mouth and constructing a foundation; b. the holding ring holds the annular steel pipe and the shield body under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block; the guiding friction block transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder to the tunneling cutter head, the tunneling cutter head rotationally and vertically tunnels downwards under the action of the driving piece, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud; c. and hoisting the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet by using a crane, assembling the next annular steel pipe, connecting the two annular steel pipes in an inter-annular mode, stretching out the holding oil cylinder, opening the holding ring, and repeating the tunneling operation. The invention can save space for assembling the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets, improve holding reliability, simplify construction procedures, be convenient to disassemble and assemble, quickly discharge slurry in the downward vertical tunneling process, improve the reliability and the tunneling efficiency of shaft tunneling, and have simple operation in the whole tunneling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shaft construction, in particular to a full-face shaft tunneling method.
Background
The shaft-like pipeline with the vertical cavity wall is called a vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft is actually a collapsing funnel. The vertical shaft is square, long strip or irregular round in plane outline. The strips develop along one set of joints, and the squares or circles develop along two sets of joints. The well wall is steep and nearly vertical. The vertical shaft is widely applied to water taking, water diversion, ventilation and air exhaust, slag sliding and air supplement of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and the vertical shaft construction has the characteristics of small occupied area and less interference on peripheral construction. However, the safety risk of shaft construction is prominent due to small shaft construction space, long construction period, high ascending, multiple edge operations and inconvenient passage.
The vertical shaft plays an important role in underground engineering, and the application range of the vertical shaft is wider and wider. At present, a common shaft sinking method is commonly adopted in shaft construction, and the existing heading machine has the problems of low excavation speed, complex structure, difficulty in providing propelling force, long segment assembling process and flow and inconvenience in equipment disassembly and assembly; and the mechanization degree is lower, and the safety risk is large.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 110671113a, published as 2020, 01, 10 discloses a shaft boring machine, which is characterized by comprising: the outer ring cutter head is movably sleeved on the outer ring of the central cutter head; the central driving mechanism and the outer ring driving mechanism are respectively used for connecting the central cutter head and the outer ring cutter head and driving the central cutter head and the outer ring cutter head to rotate; the central driving mechanism is connected to the shield body through a telescopic central driving and pushing mechanism, and the outer ring driving mechanism is connected to the shield body.
The shaft boring machine disclosed in this patent document adopts the walking type boring to improve the work efficiency of the shaft boring machine, but the segment assembling space is narrow, the process is complicated, the shield and the segment are easy to rotate during shaft boring, the shaft boring reliability is low, and the whole boring efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a full-face shaft tunneling method, which can be used for assembling arc-shaped steel pipe sheets, saving space, improving holding reliability, simplifying construction procedures, being convenient to disassemble and assemble, being capable of quickly discharging slurry in the downward vertical tunneling process, improving the reliability and the tunneling efficiency of shaft tunneling, and being simple to operate in the whole tunneling process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a full-face shaft tunneling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of (1) well mouth excavation and foundation construction, wherein a well mouth frame of the full-face shaft tunneling machine is installed and fixed on a ground plane, arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are hoisted through a crane, and a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are spliced and connected into an annular steel pipe;
b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder is held to retract, the holding ring is closed, and the holding ring holds the annular steel pipe and the shield body under the action of friction force of the holding friction block; the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder pushes out the guiding friction block, the guiding friction block tightly presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe, the guiding friction block transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder to the tunneling cutter head, the tunneling cutter head stretches out, the holding ring is opened, the tunneling cutter head rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud;
c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe, the oil cylinder is pushed to retract, the guide friction block is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe, the tunneling cutter head stops downward vertical tunneling, the oil cylinder is held to retract, the holding ring is closed again, the holding ring holds the annular steel pipe and the shield body under the action of friction force of the holding friction block, the arc-shaped steel pipe piece is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe is assembled, the annular connection of the two annular steel pipes is carried out, the oil cylinder is held to extend out, the holding ring is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated.
In the step b, the tunneling cutterhead rotationally and vertically tunnels downwards under the action of the driving piece, specifically, the tunneling cutterhead vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock and soil under the thrust action of the propulsion oil cylinder.
In the step b, the slurry discharged by the slurry water circulating device during working specifically refers to that slurry formed by crushed and cut rock and soil is discharged into a slurry water separation station through a slurry discharge pipe by a slurry pump to carry out slurry water separation.
The full-face shaft boring machine comprises a well head frame, a driving piece, a boring cutter head, a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and a muddy water circulating device, wherein the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets are connected end to form an annular steel pipe, the boring cutter head is fixedly connected with the driving piece, the muddy water circulating device comprises a water inlet pipe, a slurry pumping pipe, a slurry discharging pipe, a slurry pumping pump and a muddy water separating station fixed on the ground, the slurry pumping pump is installed on a flange of the boring cutter head, one end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the muddy water separating station, the other end of the water inlet pipe is communicated into a cavity of the boring cutter head, the slurry pumping pipe is connected with an inlet of the slurry pumping pump, one end of the slurry discharging pipe is connected with the muddy water separating station, the other end of the slurry pumping pump is connected with an outlet of the slurry pumping pump, a shield body is fixedly connected with the bottom of the annular steel pipe, the driving piece is fixedly connected with the shield body, a guide propelling device and a holding device are installed on the well head frame, the guide propelling device comprises a propelling cylinder and a guide friction block, one end of the propulsion oil cylinder is fixed on a wellhead frame, the other end of the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the guide friction block, the holding device comprises a plurality of holding oil cylinders, a plurality of holding blocks and a plurality of holding friction blocks, the holding friction blocks are fixed on the inner wall of the holding blocks, any two adjacent holding blocks are provided with one holding oil cylinder for tightening and loosening the holding blocks, and the plurality of holding blocks form a holding ring.
The number of the holding oil cylinder, the holding block and the holding friction block is four.
The annular steel pipe is positioned in the holding ring.
The two guide propelling devices are fixed at one end of the wellhead frame, one guide propelling device is fixed at the other end of the wellhead frame, and the two guide propelling devices are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the annular steel pipe.
The holding ring is positioned above the wellhead frame, and the guiding and propelling device is positioned below the wellhead frame.
The friction coefficients of the holding friction block and the guiding friction block are both larger than 0.4.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following aspects:
firstly, the invention' a, well mouth excavation and foundation construction, wherein a well mouth frame of a full-face vertical shaft tunneling machine is installed and fixed on a ground plane, arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are hoisted by a crane, and a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are spliced and connected into an annular steel pipe; b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder is held to retract, the holding ring is closed, and the holding ring holds the annular steel pipe and the shield body under the action of friction force of the holding friction block; the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder pushes out the guiding friction block, the guiding friction block tightly presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe, the guiding friction block transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder to the tunneling cutter head, the tunneling cutter head stretches out, the holding ring is opened, the tunneling cutter head rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud; c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe, the propulsion oil cylinder retracts, the guide friction block is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe, the tunneling cutterhead stops tunneling downwards vertically, the holding oil cylinder retracts, the holding ring is closed again, the holding ring holds the annular steel pipe and the shield body under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block, the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe is assembled, and the connection between the two annular steel pipes is carried out, the holding oil cylinder extends out, the holding ring is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated, compared with the prior art, the device can save space for the assembly of the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet, improve the holding reliability, simplify the construction process, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, in the downward vertical tunneling process, slurry can be quickly discharged, the reliability and the tunneling efficiency of shaft tunneling are improved, and the whole tunneling process is simple to operate.
In the step b, the tunneling cutterhead rotationally and vertically tunnels downwards under the action of the driving piece, specifically, the tunneling cutterhead vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock soil under the thrust action of the propulsion oil cylinder, and the propulsion oil cylinder can assist the tunneling cutterhead in vertically tunneling downwards, so that the tunneling efficiency is improved.
In the step b, the slurry is discharged by the slurry circulating device, specifically, the slurry formed by crushed and cut rock and soil is discharged into a slurry separation station through a slurry discharge pipe by a slurry pump to be subjected to slurry-water separation, so that the slurry can be rapidly discharged, and the smooth tunneling is guaranteed.
Fourthly, the invention relates to a full-face shaft boring machine which comprises a well head frame, a driving piece, a boring cutter head, a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and a mud-water circulating device, wherein the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets are connected end to form an annular steel pipe, the boring cutter head is fixedly connected with the driving piece, the mud-water circulating device comprises a water inlet pipe, a slurry pumping pipe, a slurry discharge pipe, a slurry pumping pump and a mud-water separating station fixed on the ground, the slurry pumping pump is arranged on a flange of the boring cutter head, one end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the mud-water separating station, the other end of the water inlet pipe is introduced into a cavity of the boring cutter head, the slurry pumping pipe is connected with an inlet of the slurry pumping pump, one end of the slurry discharge pipe is connected with the mud-water separating station, the other end of the slurry pumping pump is connected with an outlet of the slurry pumping pump, a shield body is fixedly connected with the bottom of the annular steel pipe, the driving piece is fixedly connected with the driving piece, a guiding propulsion device and a holding device are arranged on the well head frame, the guiding propulsion device comprises a propulsion oil cylinder and a guiding friction block, one end of a thrust oil cylinder is fixed on a wellhead frame, the other end of the thrust oil cylinder is connected with a guide friction block, a holding device comprises a plurality of holding oil cylinders, a plurality of holding blocks and a plurality of holding friction blocks, the holding friction blocks are fixed on the inner walls of the holding blocks, a holding oil cylinder for tightening and loosening the holding blocks is arranged on any two adjacent holding blocks, the plurality of holding blocks form holding rings, when the thrust oil cylinder is used, the holding oil cylinder retracts, the holding rings are closed, the holding friction blocks are tightly contacted with the outer surfaces of the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and the shield body, the friction force of the thrust oil cylinder is greater than the weight of the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and the shield body, and the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and the shield body can be reliably held; the guide friction block is pressed on the outer wall of the annular steel pipe by the extension of the propulsion oil cylinder; the shield body and the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet can be effectively prevented from rotating during shaft tunneling, and slurry is discharged into a slurry-water separation station for separation through a slurry pump of a slurry circulation device in the downward vertical tunneling process, so that rapid and reliable tunneling is facilitated; compared with the prior art, the space can be saved for assembling the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets, the holding reliability is improved, the construction process is simplified, the dismounting and the mounting are convenient, in the downward vertical tunneling process, the slurry can be quickly discharged, and the reliability and the tunneling efficiency of shaft tunneling are improved.
And fifthly, the four holding oil cylinders, the four holding blocks and the four holding friction blocks can enable holding acting force to be more uniformly applied to the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet and the shield body, and further guarantee holding stability.
And sixthly, the number of the guide propulsion devices is two, one guide propulsion device is fixed at one end of the wellhead frame, the other guide propulsion device is fixed at the other end of the wellhead frame, and the two guide propulsion devices are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the annular steel pipe, so that the compaction effect can be improved, and the shield body and the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet are prevented from rotating during shaft tunneling.
And seventhly, the holding ring is positioned above the wellhead rack, the guiding and pushing device is positioned below the wellhead rack, and the wellhead rack provides good support for the holding ring, so that the holding stability of the holding ring is improved.
According to the invention, the friction coefficients of the holding friction block and the guiding friction block are both greater than 0.4, so that enough friction force can be provided, and the tunneling stability is ensured.
Drawings
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a full-face shaft boring machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the holding device of the present invention;
the mark in the figure is: 1. the device comprises a wellhead frame, 2, an annular steel pipe, 3, a holding oil cylinder, 4, a holding ring, 5, a holding friction block, 6, a shield body, 7, a propulsion oil cylinder, 8, a guide friction block, 9, a tunneling cutter head, 10, a slurry pump, 11, a slurry discharge pipe, 12, a mud-water separation station, 13, a driving piece, 14, a water inlet pipe, 15, a slurry pumping pipe, 16 and a holding block.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a full face shaft boring method includes the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of (1) well mouth excavation and foundation construction, wherein a well mouth rack 1 of the full-face vertical shaft tunneling machine is installed and fixed on a ground plane, arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are hoisted through a crane, and a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are spliced and connected into an annular steel pipe 2;
b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder 3 is held to retract, the holding ring 4 is closed, and the holding ring 4 holds the ring 4-shaped steel pipe and the shield body 6 under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block 5; the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pushes out the guiding friction block 8, the guiding friction block 8 tightly presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the guiding friction block 8 transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 to the tunneling cutter head 9, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud;
c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe 2, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 retracts, the guide friction block 8 is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the tunneling cutterhead 9 stops downward vertical tunneling, the holding oil cylinder 3 retracts, the holding ring 4 is closed again, the holding ring 4 holds the annular steel pipe 4 and the shield body 6 under the action of friction force of the holding friction block 5, then the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe 2 is assembled, the two annular steel pipes 2 are connected between the rings, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated.
A, well mouth excavation and foundation construction, namely installing and fixing a well mouth frame 1 of the full-face shaft boring machine on a ground plane, hoisting arc-shaped steel pipe pieces through a crane, and splicing and connecting a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces into an annular steel pipe 2; b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder 3 is held to retract, the holding ring 4 is closed, and the holding ring 4 holds the ring 4-shaped steel pipe and the shield body 6 under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block 5; the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pushes out the guiding friction block 8, the guiding friction block 8 tightly presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the guiding friction block 8 transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 to the tunneling cutter head 9, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud; c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe 2, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 retracts, the guide friction block 8 is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the tunneling cutterhead 9 stops the downward vertical tunneling, the holding oil cylinder 3 retracts, the holding ring 4 is closed again, the holding ring 4 holds the annular steel pipe 4 and the shield body 6 under the friction force of the holding friction block 5, then the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted by a crane, the next annular steel pipe 2 is assembled, the two annular steel pipes 2 are connected between the rings, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, the tunneling operation is repeated, compared with the prior art, the space can be saved for assembling the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet, the holding reliability is improved, the construction process is simplified, the dismounting and mounting are convenient, in the downward vertical tunneling process, the slurry can be quickly discharged, the reliability and the tunneling efficiency of the vertical shaft are improved, the whole tunneling process is simple to operate.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a full face shaft boring method includes the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of (1) well mouth excavation and foundation construction, installing and fixing a well mouth frame 1 of the full-face shaft heading machine on a ground plane, hoisting arc-shaped steel pipe pieces through a crane, and splicing and connecting a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces into an annular steel pipe 2;
b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder 3 is held to retract, the holding ring 4 is closed, and the holding ring 4 holds the ring 4-shaped steel pipe and the shield body 6 under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block 5; the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pushes out the guiding friction block 8, the guiding friction block 8 tightly presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the guiding friction block 8 transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 to the tunneling cutter head 9, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud;
c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe 2, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 retracts, the guide friction block 8 is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the tunneling cutterhead 9 stops downward vertical tunneling, the holding oil cylinder 3 retracts, the holding ring 4 is closed again, the holding ring 4 holds the annular steel pipe 4 and the shield body 6 under the action of friction force of the holding friction block 5, then the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe 2 is assembled, the two annular steel pipes 2 are connected between the rings, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated.
In the step b, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, specifically, the tunneling cutter head 9 vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock soil under the thrust action of the thrust oil cylinder 7.
In the step b, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, specifically, under the thrust action of the thrust oil cylinder 7, the tunneling cutter head 9 vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock soil, and the thrust oil cylinder 7 can assist the tunneling cutter head 9 to vertically tunnel downwards, so that the tunneling efficiency is improved.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a full face shaft boring method includes the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of (1) well mouth excavation and foundation construction, installing and fixing a well mouth frame 1 of the full-face shaft heading machine on a ground plane, hoisting arc-shaped steel pipe pieces through a crane, and splicing and connecting a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces into an annular steel pipe 2;
b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder 3 is held to retract, the holding ring 4 is closed, and the holding ring 4 holds the ring 4-shaped steel pipe and the shield body 6 under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block 5; the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pushes out the guiding friction block 8, the guiding friction block 8 tightly presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the guiding friction block 8 transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 to the tunneling cutter head 9, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud;
c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe 2, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 retracts, the guide friction block 8 is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the tunneling cutterhead 9 stops downward vertical tunneling, the holding oil cylinder 3 retracts, the holding ring 4 is closed again, the holding ring 4 holds the annular steel pipe 4 and the shield body 6 under the action of friction force of the holding friction block 5, then the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe 2 is assembled, the two annular steel pipes 2 are connected between the rings, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated.
In the step b, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, specifically, the tunneling cutter head 9 vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock soil under the thrust action of the thrust oil cylinder 7.
In the step b, the slurry discharged by the slurry water circulating device during working specifically refers to that slurry formed by crushed and cut rock soil is discharged into a slurry water separation station 12 through a slurry discharge pipe 11 by a slurry pump 10 for slurry water separation.
In the step b, the slurry discharged by the slurry water circulating device during working specifically means that slurry formed by crushed and cut rock and soil is discharged into the slurry water separation station 12 through the slurry discharge pipe 11 by the slurry pump 10 for slurry water separation, so that the slurry can be rapidly discharged, and the smooth driving is ensured.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a full face shaft boring method includes the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of (1) well mouth excavation and foundation construction, installing and fixing a well mouth frame 1 of the full-face shaft heading machine on a ground plane, hoisting arc-shaped steel pipe pieces through a crane, and splicing and connecting a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces into an annular steel pipe 2;
b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder 3 is held to retract, the holding ring 4 is closed, and the holding ring 4 holds the ring 4-shaped steel pipe and the shield body 6 under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block 5; the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pushes out the guiding friction block 8, the guiding friction block 8 tightly presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the guiding friction block 8 transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 to the tunneling cutter head 9, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud;
c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe 2, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 retracts, the guide friction block 8 is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the tunneling cutterhead 9 stops downward vertical tunneling, the holding oil cylinder 3 retracts, the holding ring 4 is closed again, the holding ring 4 holds the annular steel pipe 4 and the shield body 6 under the action of friction force of the holding friction block 5, then the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe 2 is assembled, the two annular steel pipes 2 are connected between the rings, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated.
In the step b, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, specifically, the tunneling cutter head 9 vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock soil under the thrust action of the thrust oil cylinder 7.
In the step b, the slurry discharged by the slurry water circulating device during working specifically refers to that slurry formed by crushed and cut rock soil is discharged into a slurry water separation station 12 through a slurry discharge pipe 11 by a slurry pump 10 for slurry water separation.
The full-face shaft boring machine comprises a wellhead frame 1, a driving piece 13, a boring cutter head 9, a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and a muddy water circulating device, wherein the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets are connected end to form a ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the boring cutter head 9 is fixedly connected with the driving piece 13, the muddy water circulating device comprises a water inlet pipe 14, a slurry pumping pipe 15, a slurry discharging pipe 11, a slurry pumping pump 10 and a muddy water separating station 12 fixed on the ground, the slurry pumping pump 10 is installed on a flange of the boring cutter head 9, one end of the water inlet pipe 14 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with a cavity of the boring cutter head 9, the slurry pumping pipe 15 is connected with an inlet of the slurry pumping pump 10, one end of the slurry discharging pipe 11 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the slurry pumping pump 10 is connected with an outlet of the slurry pumping pump, a shield 6 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the driving piece 13 is fixedly connected with the shield 6, a guiding propulsion device and a holding device are installed on the wellhead frame 1, the guiding propulsion device comprises a propulsion oil cylinder 7 and a guiding friction block 8, one end of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 is fixed on the wellhead rack 1, the other end of the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the guiding friction block 8, the holding device comprises a plurality of holding oil cylinders 3, a plurality of holding blocks 16 and a plurality of holding friction blocks 5, the holding friction blocks 5 are fixed on the inner wall of the holding blocks 16, any two adjacent holding blocks 16 are provided with the holding oil cylinders 3 for tightening and loosening the holding blocks 16, and the holding blocks 16 form holding rings 4.
The full-face shaft boring machine comprises a wellhead frame 1, a driving piece 13, a boring cutter head 9, a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and a muddy water circulating device, wherein the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets are connected end to form a ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the boring cutter head 9 is fixedly connected with the driving piece 13, the muddy water circulating device comprises a water inlet pipe 14, a slurry pumping pipe 15, a slurry discharging pipe 11, a slurry pumping pump 10 and a muddy water separating station 12 fixed on the ground, the slurry pumping pump 10 is installed on a flange of the boring cutter head 9, one end of the water inlet pipe 14 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with a cavity of the boring cutter head 9, the slurry pumping pipe 15 is connected with an inlet of the slurry pumping pump 10, one end of the slurry discharging pipe 11 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the slurry pumping pump 10 is connected with an outlet of the slurry pumping pump, a shield body 6 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the driving piece 13 is fixedly connected with the shield body 6, a guiding propulsion device and a holding device are installed on the wellhead frame 1, the guiding and propelling device comprises a propelling oil cylinder 7 and a guiding friction block 8, one end of the propelling oil cylinder 7 is fixed on the wellhead rack 1, the other end of the propelling oil cylinder is connected with the guiding friction block 8, the holding device comprises a plurality of holding oil cylinders 3, a plurality of holding blocks 16 and a plurality of holding friction blocks 5, the holding friction blocks 5 are fixed on the inner walls of the holding blocks 16, any two adjacent holding blocks 16 are provided with one holding oil cylinder 3 for tightening and loosening the holding blocks 16, the plurality of holding blocks 16 form a holding ring 4, when the guiding and propelling device is used, the holding oil cylinders 3 retract, the holding ring 4 is closed, the holding friction blocks 5 are in close contact with the outer surfaces of the arc-shaped steel pipes and the shield body 6, the friction force of the guiding and propelling device is larger than the weight of the arc-shaped steel pipes and the shield body 6, and the arc-shaped steel pipes and the shield body 6 can be reliably held; the guide friction block 8 is pressed on the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2 by extending the propulsion oil cylinder 7; the shield body 6 and the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet can be effectively prevented from rotating during shaft tunneling, and slurry is discharged into a slurry separation station 12 for separation through a slurry discharge pipe 11 by a slurry pump 10 of a slurry circulation device in the downward vertical tunneling process, so that rapid and reliable tunneling is facilitated; compared with the prior art, the space can be saved for assembling the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets, the holding reliability is improved, the construction process is simplified, the dismounting and the mounting are convenient, in the downward vertical tunneling process, the slurry can be quickly discharged, and the reliability and the tunneling efficiency of shaft tunneling are improved.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a full face shaft boring method includes the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of (1) well mouth excavation and foundation construction, installing and fixing a well mouth frame 1 of the full-face shaft heading machine on a ground plane, hoisting arc-shaped steel pipe pieces through a crane, and splicing and connecting a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces into an annular steel pipe 2;
b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder 3 is held to retract, the holding ring 4 is closed, and the holding ring 4 holds the ring 4-shaped steel pipe and the shield body 6 under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block 5; the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pushes out the guiding friction block 8, the guiding friction block 8 tightly presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the guiding friction block 8 transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 to the tunneling cutter head 9, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud;
c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe 2, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 retracts, the guide friction block 8 is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the tunneling cutterhead 9 stops downward vertical tunneling, the holding oil cylinder 3 retracts, the holding ring 4 is closed again, the holding ring 4 holds the annular steel pipe 4 and the shield body 6 under the action of friction force of the holding friction block 5, then the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe 2 is assembled, the two annular steel pipes 2 are connected between the rings, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated.
In the step b, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, specifically, the tunneling cutter head 9 vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock soil under the thrust action of the thrust oil cylinder 7.
In the step b, the step of discharging the slurry by the operation of the slurry water circulation device specifically means that the slurry formed by the crushed and cut rock and soil is discharged into the slurry water separation station 12 through the slurry discharge pipe 11 by the slurry pumping pump 10 to carry out slurry water separation.
The full-face shaft boring machine comprises a wellhead frame 1, a driving piece 13, a boring cutter head 9, a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and a muddy water circulating device, wherein the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets are connected end to form a ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the boring cutter head 9 is fixedly connected with the driving piece 13, the muddy water circulating device comprises a water inlet pipe 14, a slurry pumping pipe 15, a slurry discharging pipe 11, a slurry pumping pump 10 and a muddy water separating station 12 fixed on the ground, the slurry pumping pump 10 is installed on a flange of the boring cutter head 9, one end of the water inlet pipe 14 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with a cavity of the boring cutter head 9, the slurry pumping pipe 15 is connected with an inlet of the slurry pumping pump 10, one end of the slurry discharging pipe 11 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the slurry pumping pump 10 is connected with an outlet of the slurry pumping pump, a shield 6 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the driving piece 13 is fixedly connected with the shield 6, a guiding propulsion device and a holding device are installed on the wellhead frame 1, the guiding propulsion device comprises a propulsion oil cylinder 7 and a guiding friction block 8, one end of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 is fixed on the wellhead rack 1, the other end of the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the guiding friction block 8, the holding device comprises a plurality of holding oil cylinders 3, a plurality of holding blocks 16 and a plurality of holding friction blocks 5, the holding friction blocks 5 are fixed on the inner wall of the holding blocks 16, any two adjacent holding blocks 16 are provided with the holding oil cylinders 3 for tightening and loosening the holding blocks 16, and the holding blocks 16 form holding rings 4.
The number of the holding oil cylinder 3, the holding block 16 and the holding friction block 5 is four.
The annular steel tube 2 is positioned in the holding ring 4.
The four holding oil cylinders 3, the four holding blocks 16 and the four holding friction blocks 5 can enable holding acting force to be more uniformly applied to the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet and the shield body 6, and further guarantee holding stability.
Example 6
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a full face shaft tunneling method includes the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of (1) well mouth excavation and foundation construction, installing and fixing a well mouth frame 1 of the full-face shaft heading machine on a ground plane, hoisting arc-shaped steel pipe pieces through a crane, and splicing and connecting a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces into an annular steel pipe 2;
b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder 3 is held to retract, the holding ring 4 is closed, and the holding ring 4 holds the ring 4-shaped steel pipe and the shield body 6 under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block 5; when the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pushes out the guiding friction block 8, the guiding friction block 8 presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2 tightly, the guiding friction block 8 transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 to the tunneling cutter head 9, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, and the mud water circulating device works to discharge mud;
c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe 2, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 retracts, the guide friction block 8 is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the tunneling cutterhead 9 stops downward vertical tunneling, the holding oil cylinder 3 retracts, the holding ring 4 is closed again, the holding ring 4 holds the annular steel pipe 4 and the shield body 6 under the action of friction force of the holding friction block 5, then the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe 2 is assembled, the two annular steel pipes 2 are connected between the rings, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated.
In the step b, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, specifically, the tunneling cutter head 9 vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock soil under the thrust action of the thrust oil cylinder 7.
In the step b, the step of discharging the slurry by the operation of the slurry water circulation device specifically means that the slurry formed by the crushed and cut rock and soil is discharged into the slurry water separation station 12 through the slurry discharge pipe 11 by the slurry pumping pump 10 to carry out slurry water separation.
The full-face shaft boring machine comprises a wellhead frame 1, a driving piece 13, a boring cutter head 9, a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and a muddy water circulating device, wherein the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets are connected end to form a ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the boring cutter head 9 is fixedly connected with the driving piece 13, the muddy water circulating device comprises a water inlet pipe 14, a slurry pumping pipe 15, a slurry discharging pipe 11, a slurry pumping pump 10 and a muddy water separating station 12 fixed on the ground, the slurry pumping pump 10 is installed on a flange of the boring cutter head 9, one end of the water inlet pipe 14 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with a cavity of the boring cutter head 9, the slurry pumping pipe 15 is connected with an inlet of the slurry pumping pump 10, one end of the slurry discharging pipe 11 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the slurry pumping pump 10 is connected with an outlet of the slurry pumping pump, a shield 6 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the driving piece 13 is fixedly connected with the shield 6, a guiding propulsion device and a holding device are installed on the wellhead frame 1, the guiding propulsion device comprises a propulsion oil cylinder 7 and a guiding friction block 8, one end of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 is fixed on the wellhead rack 1, the other end of the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the guiding friction block 8, the holding device comprises a plurality of holding oil cylinders 3, a plurality of holding blocks 16 and a plurality of holding friction blocks 5, the holding friction blocks 5 are fixed on the inner wall of the holding blocks 16, any two adjacent holding blocks 16 are provided with the holding oil cylinders 3 for tightening and loosening the holding blocks 16, and the holding blocks 16 form holding rings 4.
The number of the holding oil cylinder 3, the holding block 16 and the holding friction block 5 is four.
The annular steel pipe 2 is positioned in the holding ring 4.
The two guiding and propelling devices are fixed at one end of the wellhead rack 1, one guiding and propelling device is fixed at the other end of the wellhead rack 1, and the two guiding and propelling devices are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the annular steel pipe 2.
The two guide propulsion devices are fixed at one end of the wellhead frame 1, the other guide propulsion device is fixed at the other end of the wellhead frame 1, and the two guide propulsion devices are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the annular steel pipe 2, so that the compression effect can be improved, and the shield body 6 and the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet are prevented from rotating during shaft tunneling.
Example 7
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a full face shaft boring method includes the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of (1) well mouth excavation and foundation construction, wherein a well mouth rack 1 of the full-face vertical shaft tunneling machine is installed and fixed on a ground plane, arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are hoisted through a crane, and a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are spliced and connected into an annular steel pipe 2;
b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder 3 is held to retract, the holding ring 4 is closed, and the holding ring 4 holds the ring 4-shaped steel pipe and the shield body 6 under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block 5; the guiding propulsion device works, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 pushes out the guiding friction block 8, the guiding friction block 8 tightly presses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the guiding friction block 8 transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 to the tunneling cutter head 9, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud;
c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe 2, the propulsion oil cylinder 7 retracts, the guide friction block 8 is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe 2, the tunneling cutterhead 9 stops downward vertical tunneling, the holding oil cylinder 3 retracts, the holding ring 4 is closed again, the holding ring 4 holds the annular steel pipe 4 and the shield body 6 under the action of friction force of the holding friction block 5, then the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe 2 is assembled, the two annular steel pipes 2 are connected between the rings, the holding oil cylinder 3 extends out, the holding ring 4 is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated.
In the step b, the tunneling cutter head 9 rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of the driving piece 13, specifically, the tunneling cutter head 9 vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock soil under the thrust action of the thrust oil cylinder 7.
In the step b, the slurry discharged by the slurry water circulating device during working specifically refers to that slurry formed by crushed and cut rock soil is discharged into a slurry water separation station 12 through a slurry discharge pipe 11 by a slurry pump 10 for slurry water separation.
The full-face shaft boring machine comprises a wellhead frame 1, a driving piece 13, a boring cutter head 9, a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and a muddy water circulating device, wherein the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets are connected end to form a ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the boring cutter head 9 is fixedly connected with the driving piece 13, the muddy water circulating device comprises a water inlet pipe 14, a slurry pumping pipe 15, a slurry discharging pipe 11, a slurry pumping pump 10 and a muddy water separating station 12 fixed on the ground, the slurry pumping pump 10 is installed on a flange of the boring cutter head 9, one end of the water inlet pipe 14 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with a cavity of the boring cutter head 9, the slurry pumping pipe 15 is connected with an inlet of the slurry pumping pump 10, one end of the slurry discharging pipe 11 is connected with the muddy water separating station 12, the other end of the slurry pumping pump 10 is connected with an outlet of the slurry pumping pump, a shield 6 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the ring-shaped steel pipe 2, the driving piece 13 is fixedly connected with the shield 6, a guiding propulsion device and a holding device are installed on the wellhead frame 1, the guiding propulsion device comprises a propulsion oil cylinder 7 and a guiding friction block 8, one end of the propulsion oil cylinder 7 is fixed on the wellhead rack 1, the other end of the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the guiding friction block 8, the holding device comprises a plurality of holding oil cylinders 3, a plurality of holding blocks 16 and a plurality of holding friction blocks 5, the holding friction blocks 5 are fixed on the inner wall of the holding blocks 16, any two adjacent holding blocks 16 are provided with the holding oil cylinders 3 for tightening and loosening the holding blocks 16, and the holding blocks 16 form holding rings 4.
The number of the holding oil cylinder 3, the holding block 16 and the holding friction block 5 is four.
The annular steel tube 2 is positioned in the holding ring 4.
The two guiding and propelling devices are fixed at one end of the wellhead rack 1, one guiding and propelling device is fixed at the other end of the wellhead rack 1, and the two guiding and propelling devices are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the annular steel pipe 2.
The holding ring 4 is positioned above the wellhead frame 1, and the guiding and propelling device is positioned below the wellhead frame 1.
The friction coefficients of the holding friction block 5 and the guide friction block 8 are both larger than 0.4.
The holding ring 4 is located above the wellhead frame 1, the guiding and pushing device is located below the wellhead frame 1, and the wellhead frame 1 provides good support for the holding ring 4, so that the holding stability of the holding ring 4 is improved.
The friction coefficients of the holding friction block 5 and the guiding friction block 8 are both larger than 0.4, so that enough friction force can be provided, and the tunneling stability is guaranteed.
Claims (8)
1. A full-face shaft tunneling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps of (1) well mouth excavation and foundation construction, wherein a well mouth frame (1) of the full-face shaft heading machine is fixedly installed on a ground plane, arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are hoisted through a crane, and a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe pieces are spliced and connected into an annular steel pipe (2);
b. the holding device works, the oil cylinder (3) is held to retract, the holding ring (4) is closed, and the holding ring (4) holds the annular steel pipe and the shield body (6) under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block (5); the guiding propulsion device works, a propulsion oil cylinder (7) pushes out a guiding friction block (8), the guiding friction block (8) compresses the outer wall of the annular steel pipe (2), the guiding friction block (8) transmits the thrust of the propulsion oil cylinder (7) to a tunneling cutter head (9), the holding oil cylinder (3) extends out, a holding ring (4) is opened, the tunneling cutter head (9) rotates to vertically tunnel downwards under the action of a driving piece (13), and the mud-water circulating device works to discharge mud;
c. in the downward vertical tunneling process, when the tunneling operation reaches the depth of an annular steel pipe (2), the propulsion oil cylinder (7) retracts, the guide friction block (8) is pulled away from the outer wall of the annular steel pipe (2), the tunneling cutter head (9) stops downward vertical tunneling, the holding oil cylinder (3) retracts, the holding ring (4) is closed again, the holding ring (4) holds the annular steel pipe and the shield body (6) under the action of the friction force of the holding friction block (5), then the arc-shaped steel pipe sheet is hoisted through the crane, the next annular steel pipe (2) is assembled, the two annular steel pipes (2) are connected in an inter-annular mode, the holding oil cylinder (3) extends out, the holding ring (4) is opened, and the tunneling operation is repeated;
the full-face shaft boring machine comprises a wellhead frame (1), a driving piece (13), a boring cutter head (9), a plurality of arc-shaped steel pipe sheets and a muddy water circulating device, wherein the arc-shaped steel pipe sheets are connected end to form an annular steel pipe (2), the boring cutter head (9) is fixedly connected with the driving piece (13), the muddy water circulating device comprises a water inlet pipe (14), a slurry pumping pipe (15), a slurry discharging pipe (11), a slurry pumping pump (10) and a muddy water separating station (12) fixed on the ground, the slurry pumping pump (10) is installed on a flange of the boring cutter head (9), one end of the water inlet pipe (14) is connected with the muddy water separating station (12), the other end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with a cavity of the boring cutter head (9), the slurry pumping pipe (15) is connected with an inlet of the slurry pumping pump (10), one end of the slurry discharging pipe (11) is connected with the muddy water separating station (12), the other end of the slurry pumping pipe is connected with an outlet of the slurry pumping pump (10), the bottom fixedly connected with shield body (6) of cyclic annular steel pipe (2), driving piece (13) and shield body (6) fixed connection, install direction advancing device on well head frame (1) and hold the device, direction advancing device includes thrust cylinder (7) and direction clutch blocks (8), the one end of thrust cylinder (7) is fixed on well head frame (1), the other end is connected with direction clutch blocks (8), hold the device and include a plurality of hydro-cylinders (3) of holding, a plurality of block (16) of holding and a plurality of clutch blocks (5) of holding, hold clutch blocks (5) and fix on holding block (16) inner wall, arbitrary two adjacent hold be provided with one on block (16) be used for tightening up and relax hold hydro-cylinder (3) of holding block (16), a plurality of block (16) of holding form and hold ring (4).
2. A full face shaft tunnelling method as claimed in claim 1, which includes: in the step b, the tunneling cutter head (9) rotationally and vertically tunnels downwards under the action of the driving piece (13), specifically, the tunneling cutter head (9) vertically rotates downwards to crush and cut rock soil under the action of the thrust oil cylinder (7).
3. A full face shaft tunnelling method as claimed in claim 1, which includes: in the step b, the slurry is discharged by the slurry circulating device during working, specifically, slurry formed by crushed and cut rock and soil is discharged into a slurry separation station (12) through a slurry discharge pipe (11) by a slurry pump (10) for slurry-water separation.
4. A full face shaft tunnelling method as claimed in claim 1, which includes: the number of the holding oil cylinder (3), the holding block (16) and the holding friction block (5) is four.
5. The full face shaft tunneling method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: the annular steel pipe (2) is positioned in the holding ring (4).
6. A full face shaft tunnelling method as claimed in claim 1, which includes: the two guide propulsion devices are fixed at one end of the wellhead frame (1), the other guide propulsion device is fixed at the other end of the wellhead frame (1), and the two guide propulsion devices are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the annular steel pipe (2).
7. A full face shaft tunnelling method as claimed in claim 1, which includes: the holding ring (4) is positioned above the wellhead rack (1), and the guiding and propelling device is positioned below the wellhead rack (1).
8. The full face shaft tunneling method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: the friction coefficients of the holding friction block (5) and the guiding friction block (8) are both larger than 0.4.
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