CN217760982U - Shaft blade disc and tunnelling system - Google Patents
Shaft blade disc and tunnelling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217760982U CN217760982U CN202222206407.2U CN202222206407U CN217760982U CN 217760982 U CN217760982 U CN 217760982U CN 202222206407 U CN202222206407 U CN 202222206407U CN 217760982 U CN217760982 U CN 217760982U
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Abstract
The vertical shaft cutter head of the utility model comprises a cutter head main body, an outer diameter cutter head component and a center cutter head component; the outer diameter cutter head assembly comprises an inner cutter head, an outer cutter head, a first telescopic piece and a second telescopic piece; the utility model discloses a blade disc excavates out the annular at the face in first extensible member drives to through outer blade disc to the annular hole enlargement, realize once hierarchical tunnelling, and the annular after the hole enlargement is convenient for the section of jurisdiction go into the rock smoothly in hard rock stratum, and central blade disc subassembly excavates the tunnelling to the region at annular center, realizes the secondary tunneling. The utility model also discloses a tunneling system which comprises a driving main body, a cutting device and a shaft cutterhead; the utility model discloses a tunneling system has been equipped with two sets of execution equipment that are used for the tunnelling, can be suitable for the tunnelling of different geological conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a shaft construction field, concretely relates to shaft blade disc and tunnelling system.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the construction requirements of vertical shafts are more and more, the vertical shafts are in an explosive growth trend, the vertical shafts are used as the most convenient and fast channels leading to the deep part of the earth, the vertical shafts are widely applied in different construction fields such as urban underground space, transportation, mine exploitation, sponge cities and the like, the vertical shaft construction mainly adopts a manual open cut method and a vertical shaft tunneling machine at present, because the vertical shafts are buildings, in the top-down excavation process, strata generally undergo the change from soft to hard and the water pressure changes from low to high, and along with the increase of the depth of the vertical shafts, the fluctuation change of the strata is larger than that of a horizontal tunnel.
The problems existing in the existing shaft construction are as follows: 1. the traditional manual construction method has low degree of mechanization, poor safety and large personnel operation risk, and particularly has difficult water stop or high cost and difficult guarantee of project progress when the construction method is used for excavating in a stratum with abundant underground water; 2. the existing sinking well type shaft heading machine mainly relies on a cutting arm to excavate, has small cutting power, is mainly suitable for soft soil and soft rock stratum construction, and is difficult to break rock and large in cutter loss when a well has large depth or a shaft passes through geological complex and meets bedrock (hard rock) under a certain depth, so that a duct piece is difficult to enter the rock, and particularly in south China, the traditional construction process and construction equipment are difficult to adapt.
In summary, a shaft cutter head and a tunneling system are urgently needed to solve the problems caused by excavation in a manual method and the problem that the existing shaft tunneling equipment cannot adapt to complex geological conditions.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a shaft blade disc and tunnelling system to solve the problem that the people worker method excavation brought and the problem that current shaft tunnelling equipment can't adapt to complicated geological conditions, concrete technical scheme is as follows:
a vertical shaft cutter head comprises a cutter head main body, an outer diameter cutter head assembly and a center cutter head assembly; the outer diameter cutter head assembly and the central cutter head assembly are arranged on the cutter frame main body; the outer diameter cutter head assembly is positioned on one side of the center cutter head assembly close to the well wall along the radial direction of the vertical shaft cutter head, and the tunnel face is excavated in a grading manner through the center cutter head assembly and the outer diameter cutter head; the outer diameter cutter head assembly comprises an inner cutter head, an outer cutter head, a first telescopic piece and a second telescopic piece;
the inner cutter head and the outer cutter head are respectively provided with a first cutter for tunneling; two ends of the first telescopic piece are respectively connected with the inner cutter head and the cutter frame main body, and the telescopic direction of the first telescopic piece is consistent with the tunneling direction of the inner cutter head; the outer cutter head is movably arranged on the inner cutter head, two ends of the second telescopic piece are respectively connected with the outer cutter head and the inner cutter head, and the outer diameter cutter head assembly is changed in diameter through the stretching of the second telescopic piece.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the tool holder main body includes a central cylinder and a tool beam; a plurality of groups of cutter beams are fixed on the central cylinder at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central cylinder, and the outer diameter cutter head assemblies are arranged on the cutter beams in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the central cutter head assembly is coaxially fixed on the central cylinder.
Preferably, the knife beam is fixedly provided with a guide cylinder; the first telescopic piece is coaxially arranged in the guide cylinder, one end of the first telescopic piece is hinged to the inner wall of the guide cylinder or the inner wall of the knife beam, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic piece is fixedly connected with the inner knife disc.
Above technical scheme is preferred, be provided with the sealing member between the internal perisporium of guide cylinder and the outer wall of first extensible member.
Above technical scheme is preferred, outer diameter cutter head assembly is still including setting up the baffle on the inner cutter head, and the baffle is used for the vertical spacing of outer cutter head.
Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the central cutter head assembly comprises a central cutter head and a telescopic structure; the telescopic structure is arranged between the central cutter head and the central cylinder, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic structure is consistent with the tunneling direction; and a second cutter used for tunneling is arranged on the central cutter head.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the cutting outer diameter of the central cutter head is larger than or equal to the cutting inner diameter of the inner cutter head, and the central cutter head and the inner cutter head are arranged in a staggered mode in the tunneling direction.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the center cutter head assembly further includes a conical cutter head; the conical cutter head is coaxially arranged on the central cutter head; and a stirring rod is arranged at the back of the central cutter head far away from the tunnel face.
A tunneling system comprises a driving main body, a cutting device and a shaft cutter head; the driving main body is supported in the shaft and is used for driving the cutting equipment and the shaft cutterhead to rotate; the cutting equipment and the shaft cutterhead can be detachably arranged on the driving main body.
Use the technical scheme of the utility model, following beneficial effect has:
(1) The vertical shaft cutter head of the utility model comprises a cutter head main body, an outer diameter cutter head component and a center cutter head component; the outer diameter cutter head assembly comprises an inner cutter head, an outer cutter head, a first telescopic piece and a second telescopic piece; the utility model discloses a blade disc excavates out the annular at the face in first extensible member drives, and to the annular hole enlargement through outer blade disc, realize hierarchical tunnelling once, and the annular after the hole enlargement is convenient for the section of jurisdiction and goes into the rock smoothly in hard rock stratum, guarantees construction safety, and central blade disc subassembly excavates the tunnelling to the region at annular center, realizes the hierarchical tunnelling of secondary, promptly the utility model discloses a shaft blade disc can realize hierarchical tunnelling many times, and the dress power is little under the equal condition, and is energy-concerving and environment-protective to when heading in the face of hard rock stratum, the utility model discloses a shaft blade disc can effectively tunnel to avoid adopting the tunnelling inefficiency and the blade disc wearing and tearing problem that other modes brought when hard rock stratum tunnelling.
(2) The utility model discloses a set up multiunit sword roof beam and multiunit external diameter blade disc assembly and correspond, multiunit external diameter blade disc assembly can improve the efficiency of construction, improves the cutting efficiency of annular promptly.
(3) The utility model discloses a guide cylinder is convenient for lead to the flexible of first extensible member to stability when guaranteeing the tunnelling.
(4) The utility model discloses a sealing member can guarantee that the shaft blade disc adapts to highly compressed underwater work, promptly the utility model discloses a shaft blade disc can be suitable for the rich water stratum, and the practicality is good.
(5) The utility model discloses a baffle and interior blade disc can play the spacing effect of conflict when the outer blade disc is tunneled downwards, it is required to explain, the utility model discloses well interior blade disc provides the support counter-force on its rotation route for outer blade disc, and the baffle provides vertical support counter-force when outer blade disc is tunneled to guarantee the stability of structure, and the utility model discloses in, when outer blade disc is tunneled, the second extensible member is not atress, and the structure is more stable, and can show the life-span that promotes the second extensible member.
(6) The utility model discloses a extending structure plays the effect of connecting central blade disc and a central section of thick bamboo to extending structure can drive central blade disc and tunnel downwards, excavates the region of not excavating in annular center.
(7) The utility model discloses a cutting external diameter of center blade disc is more than or equal to the cutting internal diameter of interior blade disc, can realize that cutting range covers whole face to there is the difference in height center blade disc and interior blade disc, can avoid the problem of mutual interference.
(8) The conical cutter head of the utility model is convenient for excavating the rock stratum of the central area of the ring groove, and the conical cutter head can evenly stir the dregs in the central area, thereby facilitating the subsequent excavation and slag discharge; the utility model discloses a stirring rod effect is the regional dregs in stirring center blade disc back, prevents that the dregs from piling up, is convenient for tunnel smoothly.
(9) The utility model discloses a tunneling system which comprises a driving main body, a cutting device and a shaft cutter head; the utility model discloses a tunneling system has been equipped with two sets of executive equipment that are used for the tunnelling, can be suitable for the tunnelling of different geological conditions, and the utility model discloses a tunneling system can realize the underwater operation, can be in rich water stratum construction application.
In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a shaft head of the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the construction of FIG. 1 (without the center cutter head assembly illustrated);
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the outer diameter cutter head assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the outer diameter cutter head assembly of FIG. 1 with variable diameters;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the driving body in the present embodiment tunneling with the cutting apparatus;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the driving body in this embodiment tunneling with a shaft cutter (showing before the ring grooves are not expanded);
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the driving body in the present embodiment (illustrating the expanded ring groove) tunneled with a shaft cutter;
wherein, 1, the tool rest main body; 1.1, a central cylinder; 1.2, a cutter beam; 1.3, a stiffening beam; 2. an outer diameter cutter head assembly; 2.1, an inner cutter disc; 2.2, an outer cutter disc; 2.3, a first telescopic piece; 2.4, a second telescopic piece; 2.5, a baffle plate; 2.a, a first cutter; 3.a central cutter head assembly; 3.1, a central cutter head; 3.2, a telescopic structure; 3.3, a conical cutter head; 3.4, a stirring rod; 3.5, a slag collecting device; 3.a, a second cutter; 4. a guide cylinder; 5. a first slurry pump; 6. a drive body; 7. a duct piece; 8. cutting equipment; 8.1, connecting a base; 8.2, cutting a roller; 8.3, cutting the telescopic arm; 8.4, a swing arm oil cylinder; 9. the center of the ring groove is not dug.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Example (b):
the embodiment discloses a shaft cutter head, which comprises a cutter head main body 1, an outer diameter cutter head assembly 2 and a center cutter head assembly 3, as shown in fig. 1 to 5;
the tool rest main body 1 of the present embodiment is a bearing structure of the outer diameter cutter head assembly 2 and the center cutter head assembly 3, as shown in fig. 2, specifically:
the tool rest main body 1 comprises a central cylinder 1.1 and a tool beam 1.2; the upper end face of the central cylinder 1.1 is connected with a driving main body 6 (specifically a main drive of the driving main body) through a high-strength bolt; the number of the knife beams 1.2 is provided with a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of knife beams 1.2 in the embodiment are fixed (for example, welded) on the outer peripheral wall of the central cylinder 1.1 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central cylinder 1.1; in this embodiment, it is illustrated that the number of the knife beams 1.2 is 6 groups, and the knife beams 1.2 and the cutter head assemblies are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, that is, the cutter head assemblies in this embodiment are also provided with 6 groups.
The cutter beam 1.2 is of a steel plate welding structure, the upper end of the cutter beam 1.2 is fixed on the central cylinder 1.1, and the lower end of the cutter beam 1.2 is used for installing the outer diameter cutter head assembly 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the central cutter head assembly 3 is coaxial with the central cylinder 1.1, and the central cutter head assembly 3 is arranged at the lower end of the central cylinder 1.1, and in the horizontal direction, the central cutter head assembly 3 is located between the plurality of groups of outer diameter cutter head assemblies 2.
Regarding the tool holder main body 1, preferably, the tool holder main body 1 of the present embodiment further includes a plurality of sets of reinforcement beams 1.3, and the sets of reinforcement beams 1.3 are connected between two sets of circumferentially adjacent tool beams 1.2 to ensure the strength of the overall structure, i.e., to ensure that the tool beams 1.2 are not deformed.
The outer diameter cutter head assembly 2 comprises an inner cutter head 2.1, an outer cutter head 2.2, a first telescopic piece 2.3 and a second telescopic piece 2.4 (the first telescopic piece 2.3 and the second telescopic piece 2.4 are telescopic oil cylinders), as shown in fig. 2 to 4;
the inside fixed guide cylinder 4 that is provided with of sword roof beam 1.2 lower extreme, the coaxial setting of first extensible member 2.3 is in guide cylinder 4, and the upper end of first extensible member 2.3 is articulated with the inner wall of guide cylinder 4 or the inner wall of sword roof beam 1.2, the lower extreme (flexible end) and interior cutter head 2.1 fixed connection of first extensible member 2.3, the flexible direction of first extensible member 2.3 is unanimous with the direction of tunnelling, in this embodiment, owing to be the shaft construction, therefore, the flexible direction and the direction of tunnelling of first extensible member 2.3 are vertical.
The guide cylinder 4 is used for guiding the first extensible member 2.3 when it extends and contracts, so as to ensure the stability of the structure, in this embodiment, a sealing member (for example, a sealing ring, which is not shown in this embodiment) is provided between the inner peripheral wall of the guide cylinder 4 and the outer peripheral wall of the first extensible member 2.3, and the sealing member is located at an opening position of the lower end of the guide cylinder 4.
The inner cutter disc 2.1 and the outer cutter disc 2.2 are provided with a plurality of groups of first cutters 2.a, specific types and models of the first cutters 2.a can be selected according to actual conditions, for example, when tunneling or cutting is needed, the first cutters 2.a are preferably hobbing cutters, and if soil layers are contained, a group of scrapers can be arranged on the inner cutter disc 2.1 for standby.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, outer blade disc 2.2 is articulated on the lateral wall of inner blade disc 2.1, the both ends of second extensible member 2.4 articulate the lateral wall of outer blade disc 2.2 and the lateral wall of inner blade disc 2.1 respectively, and the flexible direction of second extensible member 2.4 is perpendicular with first extensible member 2.3's flexible direction, drives outer blade disc 2.2 through second extensible member 2.4 and rotates the outside (the level is kept away from the central point of a central section of thick bamboo 1.1) to inner blade disc 2.1's inboard of retrieving or rotating outer blade disc 2.2 to can realize the reducing function of external diameter cutter disc assembly 2 (realize the change of external diameter cutter disc assembly 2 cutting diameter promptly). The reducing of the outer diameter cutter head assembly 2 is explained with reference to fig. 5: as shown in fig. 5 (a), when the outer cutter head 2.2 is not changed in diameter, it is retracted to the inner side of the inner cutter head 2.1, and when the diameter is changed, the second expansion piece 2.4 drives the outer cutter head 2.2 to swing to the outer side of the inner cutter head 2.1, as shown in fig. 5 (b), thereby changing the cutting diameter.
The external diameter cutter head assembly 2 in this embodiment is preferred, the external diameter cutter head assembly 2 is still including fixing baffle 2.5 on the lateral wall of inner cutter head 2.1, in the direction of tunnelling (vertical), baffle 2.5 is located outer cutter head 2.2's upper end (keeping away from the one side of face promptly), baffle 2.5's effect is when outer cutter head 2.2 is tunneled downwards, carry out spacing the stopping to outer cutter head 2.2, baffle 2.5 can provide at vertical support counter-force for outer cutter head 2.2 promptly, and inner cutter head 2.1's lateral wall can support the counter-force for outer cutter head 2.2 provides on outer cutter head 2.2's rotation route, guarantee that outer cutter head 2.2 tunnels downwards smoothly.
As shown in fig. 4, in the preferred external diameter cutter head assembly 2 in this embodiment, the external diameter cutter head assembly 2 further includes a first slurry pump 5 fixedly disposed on the inner cutter head 2.1, the number of the first slurry pumps 5 is selected according to actual conditions, and the first slurry pump 5 is used for conveying impurities such as residue soil generated by construction to the outside of the well.
The central cutter head assembly 3 comprises a central cutter head 3.1 and a telescopic structure 3.2, as shown in fig. 1;
the telescopic structure 3.2 is connected between the central cutter head 3.1 and the central cylinder 1.1, specifically, the upper end of the telescopic structure 3.2 is arranged on the central cylinder 1.1, the lower end of the telescopic structure 3.2 is fixedly connected with the central cutter head 3.1, the telescopic direction of the telescopic structure 3.2 is consistent with the tunneling direction, the telescopic structure 3.2 can be used for stretching out or retracting the central cutter head 3.1 in the tunneling direction so as to realize the tunneling of the central cutter head 3.1 to the tunnel face,
prior art can be referred to extending structure 3.2 of this embodiment, this place provides a particular form of extending structure 3.2, extending structure 3.2 includes sleeve and flexible hydro-cylinder that two sets of covers were established promptly, its axial relative slip can be followed to two sets of sleeves, the both ends of flexible hydro-cylinder articulate two sets of sleeves respectively, be used for driving two sets of sleeve endwise slip, and center section of thick bamboo 1.1 and center blade disc 3.1 are connected respectively to two sets of telescopic both ends, it drives central blade disc 3.1 and tunnels downwards to drive through the flexible hydro-cylinder drive sleeve here, and, in order to avoid taking place the rotation of circumference between two sets of sleeves, be provided with spacing arch on a set of telescopic inner wall, the cover is established and is provided with the spout on a set of telescopic periphery wall in inside, the spout is seted up along telescopic axial, spacing arch is located the spout, can restrict two sets of sleeves only can be at axial relative slip.
The central cutter disc 3.1 and the central cylinder 1.1 are coaxially arranged, a second cutter 3.a for tunneling is arranged at the lower end of the central cutter disc 3.1, and the type and the number of the second cutters 3.a are selected according to actual conditions.
In this embodiment, a slag collecting device 3.5 is arranged inside the center cutter 3.1, the slag collecting device 3.5 is a slag discharging structure of the center cutter 3.1, and the slag collecting device 3.5 conveys slag soil to the well. The slag collection device 3.5 is referred to the prior art.
The back of center blade disc 3.1 still is provided with stirring rod 3.4, and stirring rod 3.4 effect is the dregs at stirring center blade disc 3.1 back, prevents that the dregs from piling up.
In this embodiment, preferably, the conical cutter disc 3.3 is coaxially mounted at the lower end of the central cutter disc 3.1, and in this embodiment, the conical cutter disc 3.3 may be determined not to be used according to the actual situation, that is, the conical cutter disc 3.3 may be replaced by the second cutter 3.a.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the boring (cutting) diameters (i.e., the inner cutting diameter or the outer cutting diameter during rotation) of the inner cutter head 2.1, the outer cutter head 2.2, and the center cutter head 3.1 are described:
the inner diameter of the inner cutter head 2.1 during rotation is D 1 The cutting outer diameter of the inner cutter disc 2.1 during rotation is D 2 (ii) a The cutting external diameter of the extended external cutter head 2.2 is D 3 (ii) a The cutting external diameter when the central cutter head 3.1 rotates is D 4 (ii) a The outer diameter of the pipe piece 7 in the shaft is D 5 (not shown as D) 5 )；
D 3 The requirements are as follows: d 3 Greater than D 2 And D is 3 Is equal to D 5 (to facilitate entry of the duct piece 7 into the rock), or D 3 Greater than D 2 And D is 3 Greater than D 5 2-10cm。
D 4 The requirements are as follows: d 4 Greater than or equal to D 1 (this is for the cutting scope can cover the face), and in order to avoid the interference problem, central cutter head 3.1 and inner cutter head 2.1 are in the direction of tunnelling (vertical) dislocation set, and the telescopic structure 3.2 of central cutter head assembly 3 is after stretching out to the maximum stroke, and central cutter head 3.1 still is located the top of inner cutter head 2.1.
The embodiment also discloses a tunneling system, which comprises a driving body 6, a cutting device 8 and the shaft cutterhead, as shown in fig. 6 to 8;
the driving main body 6 specifically comprises a main body and a main drive positioned on the main body, wherein the main body is supported on the inner wall of the shaft duct piece 7, and the main drive is used for driving an executing device (namely cutting equipment or a shaft cutter head) to rotate so as to realize tunneling; the driving body 6 in this embodiment refers to the existing structure, and will not be described herein.
The cutting device 8 is referred to the existing device, and is briefly introduced here, as shown in fig. 6: the cutting equipment 8 comprises a connecting base 8.1, a cutting roller 8.2, a cutting telescopic arm 8.3, a swing arm oil cylinder 8.4 and a second slurry pump (not marked); the connecting base 8.1 is detachably arranged on the main drive, and the main drive can drive the connecting base 8.1 to horizontally rotate; one end of a cutting telescopic arm 8.3 (with a telescopic function) is hinged on the connecting base 8.1, the other end of the cutting telescopic arm 8.3 is connected with a cutting drum 8.2, and the tunneling construction is carried out on the tunnel face through the cutting drum 8.2; two ends of a swing arm oil cylinder 8.4 (such as a telescopic oil cylinder) are respectively hinged with a cutting telescopic arm 8.3 and a connecting base 8.1, and the swing arm oil cylinder 8.4 is used for driving the cutting telescopic arm 8.3 to swing; and the second slurry pump is fixed on the cutting telescopic arm 8.3 and is used for conveying the slurry generated by tunneling to the well.
The center barrel 1.1 of the vertical shaft cutter head is detachably connected with a main drive, the main drive can drive the center barrel 1.1 to horizontally rotate, and the center barrel 1.1 rotates to enable an inner cutter head 2.1, an outer cutter head 2.2 and a center cutter head 3.1 on the vertical shaft cutter head to tunnel a tunnel face.
The embodiment also discloses a tunneling method, which adopts the tunneling system, mainly selects different tunneling execution devices according to different geological conditions, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: as shown in fig. 6, when encountering a soft rock stratum or a soft soil stratum, the excavation is carried out by using a cutting device 8, specifically: the cutting equipment 8 is arranged on the main drive, and the cutting equipment 8 is adopted for tunneling in a vertical shaft, wherein the liquid level in the shaft is higher than the underground water level, so that the stratum settlement can be effectively controlled, and the tunneling system of the embodiment can also work underwater, namely, is suitable for a water-rich bottom layer;
step S2, when a hard rock formation or a superhard rock formation is encountered, the tunneling performing equipment needs to be replaced, as shown in fig. 7 to 8, specifically: the tunneling system in the step S1 is lifted up, the cutting device 8 on the main drive is removed, the shaft cutterhead of the embodiment is mounted on the main drive (the central cylinder 1.1 of the shaft cutterhead is connected with the main drive), then the tunneling system is lowered to a designated working position, the main body of the tunneling system is supported on the inner wall of a duct piece 7 in the shaft, and the graded tunneling is started as follows:
the first step is as follows: the first telescopic part 2.3 of the vertical shaft cutter head drives the inner cutter head 2.1 to extend downwards, the inner cutter head 2.1 cuts out a ring groove on the face along with the rotation of the inner cutter head 2.1, and when the ring groove is cut to a specified depth H 1 Then, the first telescopic piece 2.3 stops extending, and the first telescopic piece 2.3 retracts to drive the inner cutter head 2.1 to lift upwards;
the second step is that: expand outside the installation diameter of section of jurisdiction 7 through outer blade disc 2.2 with the annular that step S2 excavated outside, specifically as follows:
switching cutting diameters: the second extension element 2.4 extends out to drive the outer cutter head 2.2 to rotate to the outer side of the inner cutter head 2.1, at this time, the cutting diameter of the outer cutter head assembly 2 is increased (namely, the cutting diameter is switched to D) 3 )；
Expanding the diameter of the ring groove: the first telescopic part 2.3 begins to extend, namely the first telescopic part 2.3 drives the inner cutter head 2.1 and the outer cutter head 2.2 to tunnel downwards to a specified depth H 2 Rear (H) 2 ≤H 1 ) A first telescopic member 2.3 stopping the projection, as shown in fig. 8, and fig. 8 shows the expanded annular groove;
the inner cutter head 2.1 and the outer cutter head 2.2 are retracted: the second telescopic part 2.4 drives the outer cutter head 2.2 to retract to the inner side of the inner cutter head 2.1, and the cutting diameter of the outer cutter head component 2 is reduced (namely the cutting diameter is switched to D) 2 ) Then the first telescopic part 2.3 retracts, so that the inner cutter head 2.1 and the outer cutter head 2.2 are driven to lift upwards;
in the second step, due to the downward tunneling of the outer cutter head 2.2, the annular groove dug in the first step can be expanded outwards so as to meet the diameter requirement of the pipe piece 7 entering the rock;
the third step: the telescopic structure 3.2 of the central cutter head component 3 begins to extend downwards, and the central cutter head 3.1 excavates the unearthed region 9 in the center of the ring groove until the trenched region reaches the designated depth H 3 (Here H 3 Preferably, the maximum extension stroke of the telescopic structure 3.2), and after the excavation of the currently circulated central area is finished, the telescopic structure 3.2 drives the central cutter head 3.1 to lift up; the duct piece 7 begins to sink into the ring groove, the duct piece 7 enters the rock, the tunneling system sinks along with the sinking of the duct piece at the moment, and after the duct piece 7 and the tunneling system sink, one tunneling cycle is completed;
and fourthly, repeating the first step to the third step until the tunneling of the hard rock stratum section is completed, namely the method can effectively deal with the construction of the hard rock stratum.
Wherein, it needs to be explained that:
1. when multiple driving cycles H 2 After the accumulated superposition is higher than the height of a group of pipe pieces 7, a new group of pipe pieces are driven or assembled at the well mouth;
2. although the embodiment adopts a form that the telescopic structure 3.2 drives the central cutter 3.1 to tunnel downwards, in the embodiment, the telescopic structure 3.2 is not arranged, but the segment 7 sinks to drive the central cutter 3.1 to tunnel downwards, when the gravity of the segment 7 and a tunneling system is not enough to sink, a sinking pressure device is adopted to apply a downward force to the segment 7 on the uppermost group of segments 7 (namely the segment 7 closest to a wellhead position), so that the segment 7 drives the central cutter 3.1 to sink together, and the central cutter 3.1 tunnels the central area of the ring groove while the segment sinks into rock;
3. according to the tunneling method, different execution equipment (namely cutting equipment or a vertical shaft cutter head) is selected according to different geological conditions, so that the complex geological conditions can be adapted, the tunneling efficiency can be effectively improved, and the abrasion condition of a cutter can be reduced; when the hard rock stratum is tunneled, a vertical shaft cutter head is adopted for graded excavation, the requirements on cutter wear and power are reduced, the annular groove is firstly opened, and then the annular groove is expanded so as to facilitate the smooth entry of the duct piece into the rock, the problem of the entry of the duct piece into the rock in the hard rock stratum can be solved on the premise of reducing the power requirement, the annular groove is firstly opened at the outer diameter edge position of the tunnel face, and favorable conditions are provided for the tunneling of the annular groove central area (namely the central area of the tunnel face), namely the area which is not tunneled at the center of the annular groove, the outer peripheral side wall of the annular groove is free of blocking, so that the part which is not tunneled at the central area is easier (namely graded tunneling), namely the graded tunneling sequence of the method is very beneficial, and the method of the utility model only works with one type of cutter head (namely the inner cutter head or the outer cutter head or the central cutter head), and the power requirement can be effectively reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A vertical shaft cutter head is characterized by comprising a cutter head main body (1), an outer diameter cutter head assembly (2) and a center cutter head assembly (3);
the outer diameter cutter head assembly (2) and the central cutter head assembly (3) are arranged on the cutter rest main body (1);
along the radial direction of a vertical shaft cutter head, an outer diameter cutter head assembly (2) is positioned on one side, close to a well wall, of a center cutter head assembly (3), and graded excavation is carried out on a tunnel face through the center cutter head assembly (3) and an outer diameter cutter head;
the outer diameter cutter head assembly (2) comprises an inner cutter head (2.1), an outer cutter head (2.2), a first telescopic piece (2.3) and a second telescopic piece (2.4);
the inner cutter head (2.1) and the outer cutter head (2.2) are provided with first cutters (2.a) for tunneling; two ends of the first telescopic piece (2.3) are respectively connected with the inner cutter head (2.1) and the cutter frame main body (1), and the telescopic direction of the first telescopic piece (2.3) is consistent with the tunneling direction of the inner cutter head (2.1); outer blade disc (2.2) activity sets up on inner blade disc (2.1), and outer blade disc (2.2) and inner blade disc (2.1) are connected respectively to the both ends of second extensible member (2.4), stretch out and draw back through second extensible member (2.4) and realize external diameter cutter head assembly (2) reducing.
2. Shaft cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool holder body (1) comprises a central cylinder (1.1) and a knife beam (1.2); a plurality of groups of cutter beams (1.2) are fixed on the central cylinder (1.1) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central cylinder (1.1), and the outer diameter cutter head assemblies (2) are arranged on the cutter beams (1.2) in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the central cutter head component (3) is coaxially fixed on the central cylinder (1.1).
3. Shaft cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that a guide cylinder (4) is fixedly arranged on the knife beam (1.2); the first telescopic piece (2.3) is coaxially arranged in the guide cylinder (4), one end of the first telescopic piece (2.3) is hinged to the inner wall of the guide cylinder (4) or the inner wall of the knife beam (1.2), and the telescopic end of the first telescopic piece (2.3) is fixedly connected with the inner knife disc (2.1).
4. Shaft cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that a seal is arranged between the inner circumferential wall of the guide cylinder (4) and the outer wall of the first telescopic part (2.3).
5. Shaft cutterhead according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the outer diameter cutterhead assembly (2) further comprises a baffle (2.5) arranged on the inner cutterhead (2.1), the baffle (2.5) being used for vertical limiting of the outer cutterhead (2.2).
6. Shaft cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that the centre cutterhead assembly (3) includes a centre cutterhead (3.1) and a telescopic structure (3.2); the telescopic structure (3.2) is arranged between the central cutter head (3.1) and the central cylinder (1.1), and the telescopic direction of the telescopic structure (3.2) is consistent with the tunneling direction; and a second cutter (3.a) for tunneling is arranged on the central cutter head (3.1).
7. Shaft cutter according to claim 6, characterized in that the cutting outer diameter of the centre cutter (3.1) is greater than or equal to the cutting inner diameter of the inner cutter (2.1), and the centre cutter (3.1) and the inner cutter (2.1) are arranged offset in the direction of the advance.
8. Shaft cutterhead according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the centre cutterhead assembly (3) further includes a conical cutterhead (3.3); the conical cutter head (3.3) is coaxially arranged on the central cutter head (3.1); and a stirring rod (3.4) is arranged on the back of the central cutter head (3.1) far away from the tunnel face.
9. A tunnelling system comprising a drive body (6), a cutting device (8) and a shaft cutterhead according to claim 6; the driving main body (6) is supported in the shaft and is used for driving the cutting equipment (8) and a shaft cutter head to rotate; the cutting device (8) and the shaft cutter head can be detachably arranged on the driving body (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222206407.2U CN217760982U (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Shaft blade disc and tunnelling system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222206407.2U CN217760982U (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Shaft blade disc and tunnelling system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217760982U true CN217760982U (en) | 2022-11-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222206407.2U Active CN217760982U (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Shaft blade disc and tunnelling system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN217760982U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-08-22 CN CN202222206407.2U patent/CN217760982U/en active Active
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