CN112443330B - Novel well drilling method shaft entry driving machine - Google Patents
Novel well drilling method shaft entry driving machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112443330B CN112443330B CN201910819331.0A CN201910819331A CN112443330B CN 112443330 B CN112443330 B CN 112443330B CN 201910819331 A CN201910819331 A CN 201910819331A CN 112443330 B CN112443330 B CN 112443330B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
- E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
- E21D1/06—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws with shaft-boring cutters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/04—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for directional drilling, e.g. slant hole rigs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1078—Stabilisers or centralisers for casing, tubing or drill pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a novel well drilling method shaft boring machine, which comprises a derrick and a hydraulic pump station, wherein the upper part of the derrick is provided with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected with a sliding frame, and the sliding frame is arranged on the derrick in a sliding manner; the sliding frame is sequentially connected with a tightening mechanism and a propelling mechanism through a drill rod, the tightening mechanism is connected with the propelling mechanism, the propelling mechanism is respectively connected with a stabilizer and a cutter head, and the stabilizer is matched with the cutter head; and the hydraulic pump station is respectively connected with the lifting mechanism, the propelling mechanism and the stabilizer. The construction idea of the tunnel boring machine is introduced into shaft construction, power submerging type driving is adopted, no counter weight exists underground, a drill rod does not need to transmit torque and only bears gravity load, ultra-deep drilling construction is achieved, a driving system, a supporting shoe propulsion system, a stabilizer and other structures are all placed underground, a cutter head is directly driven to break rock, supporting shoes provide supporting force, a propulsion oil cylinder provides propulsion force, the rock breaking capacity and efficiency of the cutter head are improved, and efficient and accurate drilling construction is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling heading machines, in particular to a novel drilling method shaft heading machine.
Background
A vertical shaft drilling machine adopting a traditional drilling method adopts top driving, drill rod transmission, gas lift reverse circulation deslagging and pressure reduction drilling construction. The top drive adopts a full hydraulic drive drill rod, the stabilizer stabilizes the drill rod, drives the bottom cutter head to tunnel, and the ball tooth hob breaks rock. The method comprises the following steps of (1) crushing rock bodies into small rock residues by adopting a low-penetration and high-rotation-speed drilling mode, generating mud-water circulation by using a gas lift method, wrapping the rock residues to the ground by using the high-speed circulating mud-water, separating the rock residues from the mud-water through a sedimentation tank, a separation station and the like, and recycling the mud-water to finish rock breaking and slag discharging; the shaft drilling machine equipment adopts a gate-type derrick design, an oil cylinder controls lifting, gravity guiding is utilized, a stabilizer assists in controlling the tunneling direction, and vertical drilling is carried out. However, the equipment still has the following problems, which seriously restrict the popularization and application of the equipment, and mainly comprises: 1. the drill rod is too long and has high flexibility, so that the increase of the torque of the cutter head is limited; 2. the cutter head is not provided with a stabilizing device, and deflection easily occurs to cause damage to the cutter head, a cutter, a drill rod and the like; 3. the gravity guide is adopted, so that the problems of deflection, hole expansion and the like are easy to occur during drilling; 4. the problems of hole collapse, buried drilling, falling object salvage and the like occur in the drilling process, and the problems are difficult to treat; 5. the construction efficiency of the hard rock stratum is low; 6. the floating sinking well wall is adopted, the verticality is not easy to control, and the wall thickness filling quality is not easy to control.
At present, a shaft drilling machine adopting a drilling method for improving the drilling efficiency is disclosed in the patent application number of 'CN 201410106744.1' and the patent name of 'novel shaft drilling machine adopting the drilling method', although the drilling efficiency is improved to a certain degree, a drill rod is still adopted to transmit torque in the whole power driving process, the transmission torque is small, and the construction energy consumption is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel vertical shaft heading machine with main driving lower-mounted underground propelling capability and accurate guiding function for a drilling method, aiming at the technical problems that an aboveground driving mode is adopted in the construction of the drilling method at present and the torque transmission of a drill rod is small.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a novel well drilling method shaft boring machine comprises a derrick and a hydraulic pump station, wherein a lifting mechanism is arranged on the upper portion of the derrick and connected with a sliding frame, the sliding frame is arranged on the derrick in a sliding mode and connected with a tensioning mechanism and a propelling mechanism in sequence through a drill rod, the tensioning mechanism is connected with the propelling mechanism, the propelling mechanism is connected with a stabilizer and a cutter head respectively, and the stabilizer is matched with the cutter head; and the hydraulic pump station is respectively connected with the lifting mechanism, the propelling mechanism and the stabilizer.
Preferably, the derrick comprises a base underframe, a main upright post, a sealing flat car and a sealing flat car opening and closing oil cylinder, wherein the main upright post is connected with the base underframe; the main upright post is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the sliding frame is arranged in a sliding way on the main upright post in a sliding way.
Preferably, a drill rod assembling manipulator is fixedly arranged on one side of the main upright post; the foundation underframe is movably connected with the main upright post through the upright post inclined oil cylinder.
Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting oil cylinder, a cylinder rod of the lifting oil cylinder is fixed on a main upright post in the derrick, and a cylinder barrel of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the sliding frame through a flange; the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the hydraulic pump station.
Preferably, the tightening mechanism comprises a fixed sliding box and a shoe plate, the shoe plate is movably connected with the fixed sliding box through a shoe-supporting oil cylinder, the shoe plate slides in the fixed sliding box, the shoe plate and the fixed sliding box are integrally connected to form a cylinder, the fixed sliding box is sleeved on the drill rod, and the fixed sliding box is in sliding connection with the drill rod; the lower part of the fixed sliding box is fixedly connected with the propelling mechanism; and the shoe supporting oil cylinder is connected with a hydraulic pump station.
Preferably, the upper part of the fixed sliding box is fixedly provided with a cutter beam, the cutter beam is sleeved on the drill rod and is in sliding connection with the drill rod; and the cutter beam is fixedly provided with a plurality of cutters.
Preferably, the propulsion mechanism comprises a main driving box, a propulsion oil cylinder and a telescopic sliding sleeve, the main driving box is connected with the drill rod, and the propulsion oil cylinder and the telescopic sliding sleeve are both connected with the main driving box and a fixed sliding box in the tightening mechanism; the lower part of the main driving box is connected with the stabilizer.
Preferably, the telescopic sliding sleeve comprises an outer sliding sleeve and an inner sliding sleeve, the outer sliding sleeve is connected with the inner sliding sleeve in a sliding mode and fixedly connected with the fixed sliding box, the inner sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the main driving box, and the main driving box is connected with the stabilizer; and a seal is arranged between the outer sliding sleeve and the inner sliding sleeve.
Preferably, the main driving box is internally provided with a driving executing element, the driving executing element is connected with a speed reducer, the speed reducer is connected with a pinion, the pinion is meshed with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is respectively arranged in the main bearing and the cutter head in a penetrating mode, and the driving shaft is communicated with the drill rod.
Preferably, the stabilizer comprises a stabilizer fixed sliding box and a stabilizer shoe plate, the stabilizer shoe plate is movably connected with the stabilizer fixed sliding box through a stabilizer oil cylinder, the stabilizer shoe plate slides in the stabilizer fixed sliding box, the stabilizer oil cylinder is connected with a hydraulic pump station, the stabilizer fixed sliding box is fixedly connected with a main driving box in the propelling mechanism, and the stabilizer fixed sliding box is matched with the cutter head; the cutter head is provided with a plurality of pulp sucking ports which are matched with the transmission shaft; the bottom of the cutter head is provided with a plurality of hobbing cutters, and the hobbing cutters are spherical tooth hobbing cutters or disc-shaped hobbing cutters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the cutter head is driven to submerge into the well and directly driven, so that the problem that the traditional drill rod is transmitted to the well from ground power is solved, the problem that the transmission torque of the drill rod is small is solved, and rock is broken by high power, so that the drilling machine is direct and efficient;
2. the cutter head is directly pushed and pressurized by the underground pushing oil cylinder, so that the pressurizing force of the cutter head is improved, and sufficient pressurizing force is provided for rock breaking;
3. the upper part of the shoe supporting mechanism is used for propelling, the lower part of the shoe supporting mechanism is used for stabilizing and damping, the upper part of the shoe supporting mechanism and the lower part of the shoe supporting mechanism are matched for guiding, the stability and the pressure of the cutter head are improved, the rock breaking capacity of the cutter head is improved, and the thrust is controlled in a stepless mode;
4. the construction idea of the tunnel boring machine is introduced into shaft construction, power submerging type driving is adopted, no counter weight exists underground, a drill rod does not need to transmit torque and only bears gravity load, ultra-deep drilling construction is achieved, a driving system, a supporting shoe propulsion system, a stabilizer and other structures are all placed underground, a cutter head is directly driven to break rock, supporting shoes provide supporting force, a propulsion oil cylinder provides propulsion force, the rock breaking capacity and efficiency of the cutter head are improved, and efficient and accurate drilling construction is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a complete machine diagram of the drilling method shaft drilling machine.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of the well frame structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the well frame structure of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the host structure.
In the figure, 1 is a main control room, 2 is a hydraulic pump station, 301 is a base underframe, 302 is a main upright post, 303 is a sliding frame, 304 is a lifting oil cylinder, 305 is an upright post inclined oil cylinder, 306 is a drill rod assembling manipulator, 307 is a sealing flat carriage, 308 is a sealing flat carriage opening and closing oil cylinder, 4 is an electrical cabinet, 5 is a sludge treatment station, 6 is an air compressor station, 7 is a drill rod, 801-1 is a shoe supporting oil cylinder, 801-2 is a shoe plate, 801-3 is a fixed sliding box, 801-4 is a cutter, 802-1 is a telescopic sliding sleeve, 802-2 is a propulsion oil cylinder, 901 is a driving execution element, 902 is a speed reducer, 903 is a main bearing, 904 is a pinion, 905 is a transmission shaft, 1001 is a stabilizer shoe plate, 1002 is a stabilizer oil cylinder, 1003 is a stabilizer fixed sliding box, 1102 is a spherical gear hob 1101 and is a disc-type hob.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a novel well boring machine with a drilling method comprises a derrick and a hydraulic pump station 2, wherein the hydraulic pump station 2 mainly provides hydraulic energy for hydraulic components such as a main drive and a lifting cylinder, and the derrick mainly serves ground suspension, lifting and lowering, drill rod dismounting and the like of underground equipment; the outer side of the derrick is also provided with a main control room 1, an electric appliance cabinet 4, a mud water treatment station 5, an air compressor station 6 and the like, the mud water treatment station 5 is used for separating mud, the air compressor station and the mud water treatment station are both connected with a drill rod, and the air compressor station is used for providing high-pressure air and is used for gas lift reverse circulation slag discharge; be equipped with hoist mechanism on the derrick, hoist mechanism is connected with the frame 303 that slides, the frame 303 that slides sets up on the derrick, the frame that slides is connected with tightening mechanism and advancing mechanism in proper order through drilling rod 7, tightening mechanism is connected with advancing mechanism, tightening mechanism is used for tightening the well drilling inner wall, the advancing mechanism drive of being convenient for dives down, advancing mechanism is connected with stabilizer and blade disc respectively, the stabilizer is used for stabilizing the blade disc, the stabilizer lower part cooperatees with the blade disc, blade disc anti-falling device has been designed to the stabilizer lower part, in case extreme condition appears, when blade disc and transmission shaft connect the disconnection, the blade disc can also with the whole well of underground structure such as stabilizer.
The drill rod 7 is a double-wall drill rod, the inner channel of the drill rod is a slurry slag discharging channel, the outer channel of the drill rod is a compressed air channel, the inner channel of the drill rod is communicated with a slurry water treatment station, and the outer channel of the drill rod is communicated with an air compressor station through an air pipe.
And the hydraulic pump station 2 is respectively connected with the lifting mechanism, the propelling mechanism and the stabilizer. As shown in fig. 3, the derrick comprises a base chassis 301, a main upright 302, a sealing flat car 307 and a sealing flat car opening and closing oil cylinder 308, wherein the main upright 302 is connected with the base chassis 301 through a pin shaft and then fixed above a well head for lifting and placing downhole equipment, the sealing flat car 307 and the sealing flat car opening and closing oil cylinder 308 are both installed on the base chassis 301, the sealing flat car 307 is connected with the sealing flat car opening and closing oil cylinder 308, the sealing flat car opening and closing oil cylinder is connected with a hydraulic pump station, the sealing flat car is installed at the well head and mainly used for sealing the well head, and when a drill rod is disassembled and assembled, the sealing flat car 307 gives way out a well head space under the action of the sealing flat car opening and closing oil cylinder 308, so that the downhole equipment can be temporarily suspended by the hoisting equipment; there is hoist mechanism on the head tree 302, and the frame 303 that slides sets up in the slide on head tree 302, and the slide has relatively good precision and depth of parallelism, guarantees the stability and the precision of the frame 303 operation that slides.
The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting oil cylinder 304, a cylinder rod of the lifting oil cylinder 304 is fixed on a main upright post 302 in the derrick, and a cylinder barrel of the lifting oil cylinder 304 is connected with the sliding frame 303 through a flange and sleeved between the main upright posts 302; the lifting cylinder 304 is connected with the hydraulic pump station 2.
The tightening mechanism comprises a fixed sliding box 801-3 and a boot plate 801-2, the whole boot supporting structure adopts an embedded design, the boot plate 801-2 is fixedly connected with the fixed sliding box 801-3 through a boot supporting oil cylinder 801-1, the boot plate 801-2 slides in the fixed sliding box 801-3, when the boot plate 801-2 is recovered, the boot plate 801-3 can be completely retracted into the fixed sliding box 801-3, the boot plate 801-2 and the fixed sliding box 801-3 are integrally connected to form a closed cylinder, so that the problem that the boot plate 801-2 is blocked by falling rock blocks above the boot plate is prevented from being clamped, the fixed sliding box 801-3 is sleeved on the drill rod 7, and the drill rod 7 can slide along the fixed sliding box 801-3; the lower part of the fixed sliding box 801-3 is fixedly connected with a propelling mechanism; and the shoe supporting oil cylinder 801-1 is connected with a hydraulic pump station 2.
The propulsion mechanism comprises a main driving box, a propulsion oil cylinder 802-2 and a telescopic sliding sleeve 802-1, the telescopic sliding sleeve is arranged at the outer sides of the main driving box and the propulsion oil cylinder, the main driving box is fixedly connected with the drill rod 7, and the propulsion oil cylinder 802-2 and the telescopic sliding sleeve 802-1 are fixedly connected with the main driving box and a fixed sliding box 801-3 in the tightening mechanism; the lower part of the main driving box is connected with the stabilizer through a bolt, the cutter head is directly pushed and pressurized through the underground pushing oil cylinder, and the pressurizing cutter head applies pressure to provide sufficient pressure for rock breaking.
The telescopic sliding sleeve 802-1 comprises an outer sliding sleeve and an inner sliding sleeve, the outer sliding sleeve is connected with the inner sliding sleeve in a sliding mode and fixedly connected with the fixed sliding box 801-3, the inner sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the main driving box, and the main driving box is connected with the stabilizer through bolts; and a seal is arranged between the outer sliding sleeve and the inner sliding sleeve, and mud and rock debris are prevented from entering by using the seal between the telescopic sliding sleeves, so that the normal use of the main drive and the propulsion oil cylinder is ensured.
The main drive incasement is equipped with including drive executive component 901, drive executive component generally indicates hydraulic motor or motor, drive executive component 901 is connected with speed reducer 902, speed reducer 902 is connected with pinion 904, the pinion meshes with transmission shaft 905 mutually, transmission shaft 905 is hollow structure, transmission shaft 905 wears to establish respectively in main bearing 903 and the blade disc and transmission shaft 905 is linked together with drilling rod 7, transmission shaft 905 and main bearing 903 cooperate and are used for providing the broken rock torque of blade disc, provide broken rock power, dive the blade disc main drive to the pit, the direct drive blade disc, avoided traditional drilling rod to pass the torsion to the pit by ground power, the problem that the drilling rod transmission torque is little has been eliminated, adopt high-power broken rock, it is more direct high-efficient.
As shown in fig. 4, the stabilizer comprises a stabilizer fixed sliding box 1003 and a stabilizer shoe plate 1001, the design structure of the stabilizer is similar to that of a shoe supporting mechanism, the stabilizer shoe plate 1001 is fixedly connected with the stabilizer fixed sliding box 1003 through a stabilizer cylinder 1002, the stabilizer shoe plate 1001 slides in the stabilizer fixed sliding box 1003, the stabilizer shoe plate 1001 can be completely retracted in the stabilizer fixed sliding box 1003, the stabilizer cylinder 1002 is connected with the hydraulic pump station 2, the stabilizer fixed sliding boxes 1003 are respectively and fixedly connected with a main driving box body in a propelling mechanism, the stabilizer fixed sliding box is matched with a cutter head, when the supporting mechanism tightly supports the well wall, and the propelling cylinder extends out to dig downwards, a drill rod moves downwards together with the driving/stabilizer/cutter head.
The lower part of the fixed sliding box of the stabilizer is provided with the anti-falling disc, the cutter head moves in the anti-falling disc through the anti-falling rod, so that the phenomenon that an extreme condition occurs in case is prevented, when the cutter head is disconnected with the transmission shaft, the cutter head can be integrally discharged out of a well together with underground structures such as the stabilizer, when the shoe plate of the stabilizer is in a complete retraction state, the cutter head, the stabilizer, the shoe supporting mechanism and the propulsion system can be connected into a whole through the linkage pin, the integral rotation is realized, the design of supporting the shoes in the well is avoided under the special condition, and the construction is changed into the construction of the original drilling method.
The cutter head is provided with a plurality of slurry suction ports which are distributed on different slag suction radiuses of the cutter head, so that the coverage area of the slurry suction ports is increased, and the slurry suction ports are matched with the transmission shaft 905 and used for conveying slurry into the sludge treatment station; the cutter head bottom is provided with a plurality of hobbing cutters, and the hobbing cutter adopts ripe spherical tooth hobbing cutter design for spherical tooth hobbing cutter 1101 or disc type hobbing cutter 1102, considers the installation of disc type hobbing cutter simultaneously, and two kinds of cutters adopt unified mounting means, and simultaneously, the bearing capacity of blade holder, the intensity and the rigidity of blade disc are according to disc type hobbing cutter design, guarantee the design of knife interval, can realize that disc type hobbing cutter roll extrusion breaks the rock, can improve tunnelling efficiency, reduction construction energy consumption greatly.
The construction idea of the tunnel boring machine is introduced into shaft construction, power submersible driving is adopted, no counter weight exists underground, a drill rod does not need to transmit torque and only bears gravity load, ultra-deep drilling construction is achieved, a driving system, a supporting shoe propulsion system, a stabilizer and other structures are all placed underground, a cutter head is directly driven to break rock, supporting shoes provide tensioning force, a propulsion oil cylinder provides propulsion force, the rock breaking capacity and efficiency of the cutter head are improved, efficient and accurate drilling construction is achieved, the upper portion of the supporting shoe mechanism is used for propulsion, the lower portion of the supporting shoe mechanism is used for stabilizing shock absorption, the upper portion of the supporting shoe mechanism and the lower portion of the supporting shoe mechanism are used for guiding in a matched mode, the stability and the pressure of the cutter head are improved, the rock breaking capacity of the cutter head is improved, and the problem that the flexibility of the drill rod is large, the cutter head cannot be stable, and the drilling efficiency of equipment is low is solved.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 2, a drill rod assembling manipulator 306 is fixedly arranged on one side of a main upright column 303, and the drill rod assembling manipulator 306 is used for assembling drill rods, so that the automation of drill rod assembling is improved, the labor intensity of personnel is reduced, and the operation time is shortened; the base underframe 301 is movably connected with the main upright column 302 through the upright column inclined oil cylinder 305, when the equipment goes out of the well, the main upright column 302 can incline at a certain angle under the action of the upright column inclined oil cylinder 305 so as to make the well head out, and the hoisting equipment can be conveniently hoisted.
The rest of the structure is the same as in example 1.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 4, a novel well boring machine adopting a drilling method is characterized in that a cutter beam is fixedly arranged at the upper part of a fixed sliding box 801-3 and sleeved on a drill rod 7; the cutter beam is fixedly provided with a plurality of cutters 801-4, the plurality of cutters are arranged on the cutter beam in parallel, the problem that the equipment cannot lift the well due to convergence of a soft soil stratum in the construction process is solved by the cutters, and the converged shaft can be cut by the cutters when the problem occurs, so that the equipment can lift the well smoothly.
The rest of the structure is the same as in example 1.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A novel well drilling method shaft boring machine comprises a derrick and a hydraulic pump station (2), wherein a lifting mechanism is arranged on the upper portion of the derrick, the lifting mechanism is connected with a sliding frame (303), and the sliding frame (303) is arranged on the derrick in a sliding mode; the hydraulic pump station (2) is respectively connected with the lifting mechanism, the propelling mechanism and the stabilizer;
the lower part of the stabilizer is provided with a cutter head anti-falling device, the cutter head is movably arranged in the anti-falling disc through an anti-falling rod, when the cutter head is connected and disconnected with the transmission shaft, the cutter head can be integrally discharged out of a well together with the stabilizer and a related underground structure, when the shoe plate of the stabilizer is in a completely retracted state, the cutter head, the stabilizer, the shoe supporting mechanism and the propulsion system can be connected into a whole through a linkage pin, the whole rotation is realized, the design of underground shoe supporting is avoided under the special condition, and the drilling construction is carried out.
2. The novel drilling method shaft boring machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the derrick comprises a base chassis (301), a main upright (302), a sealing flat car (307) and a sealing flat car opening and closing cylinder (308), the main upright (302) is connected with the base chassis (301), the sealing flat car (307) and the sealing flat car opening and closing cylinder (308) are both mounted on the base chassis (301), and the sealing flat car (307) is connected with the sealing flat car opening and closing cylinder (308); the main upright post (302) is provided with a lifting mechanism, and the sliding frame (303) is arranged in a sliding way on the main upright post (302) in a sliding way.
3. The novel drilling method shaft boring machine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a drill rod assembling mechanical arm (306) is fixedly arranged at one side of the main upright column (302); the foundation underframe (301) is movably connected with the main upright post (302) through an upright post inclined oil cylinder (305).
4. The novel drilling shaft boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder (304), the rod of the lifting cylinder (304) is fixed on the main upright (302) in the derrick, and the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder (304) is connected with the sliding frame (303) through a flange; the lifting oil cylinder (304) is connected with the hydraulic pump station (2).
5. The novel drilling method shaft boring machine is characterized in that the tightening mechanism comprises a fixed sliding box (801-3) and a shoe plate (801-2), the shoe plate (801-2) is movably connected with the fixed sliding box (801-3) through a shoe supporting oil cylinder (801-1), the shoe plate (801-2) is arranged in the fixed sliding box (801-3) in a sliding mode, the shoe plate (801-2) and the fixed sliding box (801-3) are integrally connected to form a cylinder, the fixed sliding box (801-3) is sleeved on a drill rod (7), and the fixed sliding box (801-3) is connected with the drill rod (7) in a sliding mode; the lower part of the fixed sliding box (801-3) is fixedly connected with the propelling mechanism; the shoe supporting oil cylinder (801-1) is connected with the hydraulic pump station (2).
6. The novel shaft boring machine for the drilling method according to claim 5, characterized in that a cutter beam is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the fixed sliding box (801-3), the cutter beam is sleeved on the drill rod (7) and is connected with the drill rod (7) in a sliding way; the cutter beam is fixedly provided with a plurality of cutters (801-4).
7. The novel well drilling method shaft boring machine according to claim 1, 5 or 6, characterized in that the propulsion mechanism comprises a main driving box, a propulsion oil cylinder (802-2) and a telescopic sliding sleeve (802-1), the main driving box is connected with the drill rod (7), and the propulsion oil cylinder (802-2) and the telescopic sliding sleeve (802-1) are both connected with the main driving box and a fixed sliding box (801-3) in the tightening mechanism; the lower part of the main driving box is connected with the stabilizer.
8. The novel well drilling method shaft boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the telescopic sliding sleeve (802-1) comprises an outer sliding sleeve and an inner sliding sleeve, the outer sliding sleeve is connected with the inner sliding sleeve in a sliding manner and fixedly connected with a fixed sliding box (801-3), the inner sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with a main driving box, and the main driving box is connected with a stabilizer; and a seal is arranged between the outer sliding sleeve and the inner sliding sleeve.
9. The novel drilling method shaft boring machine is characterized in that a driving execution element (901) is arranged in the main driving box, the driving execution element (901) is connected with a speed reducer (902), the speed reducer (902) is connected with a pinion (904), the pinion is meshed with a transmission shaft (905), the transmission shaft (905) penetrates through a main bearing (903) and a cutter head respectively, and the transmission shaft (905) is communicated with a drill rod (7).
10. The novel shaft boring machine with the drilling method according to claim 1, 8 or 9, characterized in that the stabilizer comprises a stabilizer fixed sliding box (1003) and a stabilizer shoe plate (1001), the stabilizer shoe plate (1001) is movably connected with the stabilizer fixed sliding box (1003) through a stabilizer cylinder (1002), the stabilizer shoe plate (1001) is slidably arranged in the stabilizer fixed sliding box (1003), the stabilizer cylinder (1002) is connected with the hydraulic pump station (2), the stabilizer fixed sliding box (1003) is fixedly connected with a main driving box in the propelling mechanism, and the stabilizer fixed sliding box is matched with the cutter head; the cutter head is provided with a plurality of pulp sucking ports which are matched with the transmission shaft (905); the bottom of the cutter head is provided with a plurality of hobbing cutters, and the hobbing cutters are spherical tooth hobbing cutters (1101) or disc-shaped hobbing cutters (1102).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910819331.0A CN112443330B (en) | 2019-08-31 | 2019-08-31 | Novel well drilling method shaft entry driving machine |
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| CN201910819331.0A CN112443330B (en) | 2019-08-31 | 2019-08-31 | Novel well drilling method shaft entry driving machine |
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| CN112443330B true CN112443330B (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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| CN113404497A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-17 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Shaft heading machine suitable for tunneling under water |
| CN113356857A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-09-07 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Shaft drilling machine |
| CN114542095A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Disc type hob type drill bit |
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| CN103899316B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2016-06-08 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Shaft drilling method shaft drilling machine |
| DE202015000589U1 (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-03-19 | Spritz-Plast Gmbh | spacer |
| CN108756888B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2024-02-20 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Small-diameter hard rock shaft heading machine |
| CN112523712B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2023-11-14 | 吉林大学 | Device and method for repairing damaged well wall |
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