CN117145383A

CN117145383A - Rectangular slide-resistant pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and synchronously drilling horizontal cantilever

Info

Publication number: CN117145383A
Application number: CN202311091386.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵璐; 黄昌富; 姚铁军; 李少华
Original assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-29
Filing date: 2023-08-29
Publication date: 2023-12-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a rectangular slide pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and synchronously drilling and excavating a horizontal cantilever, which comprises the following steps: combining a plurality of drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole; controlling vertical drilling devices on all drilling machines to drill down into the stratum until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached; controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder on a drilling machine which is arranged close to the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole to drive a cylindrical drilling assembly on a horizontal drilling device to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole outwards; simultaneously, continuously controlling the vertical drilling devices on all drilling machines to drill down into the stratum; and retracting a piston rod of a horizontal hydraulic cylinder on a drilling machine which is arranged close to the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole to the minimum stroke and stopping working, and continuously controlling the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines to drill down the stratum to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole. The invention has the advantages that: according to different sizes of the rectangular pile holes, corresponding numbers of drilling machines which form a rectangular structure are arranged on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine so as to drill the rectangular pile holes.

Description

Rectangular slide-resistant pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and synchronously drilling horizontal cantilever

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment, and particularly relates to a rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical hole forming method capable of synchronously drilling holes in a reaming mode and provided with a horizontal cantilever.

Background

In the projects such as side slope support, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, tunnel entrance and exit construction and the like, the slide-resistant pile is the most effective measure capable of transmitting the side thrust of a rock-soil body into a stable stratum below a sliding surface, resisting the side thrust and treating the projects and geological disasters. The slide-resistant piles are divided into rectangular section slide-resistant piles and circular section slide-resistant piles. The rectangular anti-skid pile has the advantages of high lateral rigidity, high single pile bearing capacity and the like, and can effectively enhance the anti-skid force and improve the anti-skid coefficient. Therefore, rectangular-section slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields. The traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile has a larger section and can not fully utilize the strength of rock-soil mass in front of the pile. For the anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever structure, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of rock and soil mass in front of the pile, so that the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile is improved, but the hole forming difficulty of a horizontal cantilever pile hole of the rectangular anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever is extremely high. And traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile adopts artifical excavation and mechanical excavation mode generally, and the collapse that artifical hole pile construction caused accounts for 65% of the total number of collapse accident to inefficiency, with high costs, mechanical excavation is safer high-efficient. Therefore, the mechanical drilling of pile holes with the horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles in the rock and soil layers has important significance for ensuring the safety of constructors and improving the efficiency.

At present, rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment and mechanical excavation modes are various, for example:

the patent number CN 106836354A 'rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming device' is characterized in that a rectangular shovel head is formed by a plurality of cutting blades, and a counterweight or a hydraulic propulsion device is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head to drill rectangular pile holes.

The patent number CN 103244053A rectangular drilling machine mainly drives T-shaped cutter heads uniformly distributed at the lower parts of two steel frames to move in opposite directions and reciprocate through two cam bodies, and cuts soil into rectangular holes.

The patent number CN 104533300A rectangular drilling machine is characterized in that a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of a rectangular transmission case, cross-shaped long cutters are arranged on four sides of the rectangular transmission case, the conical drill bit drills to form a circular pile hole, and then the circular pile hole is trimmed into the rectangular pile hole through rotary cutting of the cross-shaped long cutters.

The patent No. CN 207715083U, a rectangular anti-slide pile hole-forming drilling machine, mainly sets a round drilling cylinder and a rectangular drilling cylinder at the bottom of a drill rod, the round drilling cylinder is screwed into a round pile hole, and then the rectangular pile hole is formed by cutting soil around the round pile hole through the rectangular drilling cylinder.

The patent No. CN 105951798A 'rectangular drilling machine' mainly uses a motor to drive four concave waist cylinders with stirring blades to cut soil body, and drills rectangular pile holes.

The existing drilling machine mainly forms vertical rectangular pile holes in a rock-soil body. But has the following problems: (1) Rectangular anti-slide pile holes with horizontal cantilever structures cannot be drilled in a rock-soil body; (2) Other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the slag soil in the pile hole, and the drilling and deslagging equipment has low integration level, low construction efficiency and high cost.

In terms of a rectangular slide pile mechanical construction method, for example:

the patent No. CN 108678661A, square anti-slide pile pore-forming method and square drill bit for pore-forming, utilizes the circular drill bit of rotary drilling rig to drill at least one row of circular pilot holes along the length direction of the cross section of the square anti-slide pile pore sequentially, and the circular pilot holes of each row are connected, and the side wall of the square anti-slide pile pore is tangent with the edge of the adjacent circular pilot hole, then adopts the square drill bit to sweep the pore, so that the square drill bit cuts the residual soil downwards along the contour line of the square anti-slide pile pore, and circulates in sequence until the design requirement is met.

The patent number CN 110593753A 'quick mechanical drilling construction method of rectangular anti-slide pile', adopts a rotary drilling round drill bit to drill guiding holes at four corners, and the guiding holes are drilled until the elevation of the bottom of the designed pile is reached; then, trimming the guide holes by using a grooving machine in three parts, and constructing by using a grab bucket for three times: the first time along the long side leading hole position of the anti-slide pile is grabbed until the depth of the design hole is reached; the second time along the other long side leading hole position of the slide-resistant pile is grabbed until the depth of the design hole is reached; and grabbing the rest part in the middle for the third time until the depth of the designed hole is reached. If the soil is in contact with complex hard strata such as hard gingilite soil, calcareous cement layers and the like, the soil grabbing operation is stopped by the grooving machine, and the hard strata are broken by adopting a long-arm breaking hammer.

The patent number CN 110820733A 'an improved simple rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical quick hole forming construction method' mainly comprises the steps of rotary digging round pile holes twice, connecting the round pile holes and overexcavating the outline of the rectangular pile holes, and pouring the overexcavation part after placing a rectangular steel cylinder in the pile holes to form rectangular pile holes.

The patent number CN 110714460A 'a rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming construction method for reducing filling coefficient' and the patent number CN 113605387 'a rectangular anti-slide pile full-mechanical construction method' are both mainly characterized in that round pile holes are formed by rotary digging twice or more, the round pile holes are connected or partially overlapped and tangent to the outline of the rectangular pile hole, and slag digging and pore repairing are carried out on the inner periphery of the pile hole by a machine to form the rectangular pile hole.

The patent No. CN 111691408A, "construction method of rectangular anti-slide pile of soft rock stratum", mainly comprises the steps of firstly drilling a rectangular groove along the outline of a rectangular pile hole by a small-diameter rotary drilling tool, cutting the small-diameter pile hole tangentially with the outline of the rectangular pile hole, then drilling by a large-diameter rotary drilling tool and partially overlapping the small-diameter pile hole, and mechanically digging slag in the pile hole to repair the hole to form the rectangular pile hole.

But has the following problems: (1) Rectangular anti-slide pile holes with horizontal cantilever structures cannot be drilled in a rock-soil body; (2) The hole repairing treatment is needed by adopting other mechanical or auxiliary measures, the drilling construction efficiency is low, the cost is high, and rectangular pile holes cannot be drilled at one time; (3) In actual engineering, pile hole sizes are various, and the existing rectangular anti-slide pile hole forming mechanical equipment is fixed in size and cannot cope with the change of pile hole sizes; (4) Other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the dregs in the pile holes, so that the construction cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular slide-resistant pile with a horizontal cantilever, which is capable of reaming and synchronously drilling, wherein a plurality of drilling machines are combined to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole, a slag body treatment mechanism, a sliding horizontal drilling assembly and a vertical drilling device are sequentially arranged on the drilling machines from top to bottom so as to synchronously drill the rectangular slide-resistant pile hole with the horizontal cantilever, namely, the vertical drilling device is used for excavating a vertical rectangular pile hole by adopting a cylindrical drilling assembly distributed in a matrix form, and after the vertical rectangular pile hole is excavated to the design depth of the horizontal cantilever, the horizontal drilling device is driven by a horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole while the vertical drilling device continues to drill the vertical pile hole; and retracting the sliding horizontal drilling assembly after the drilling of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is completed, and finally continuously downwards drilling the rectangular pile hole to the designed depth through the vertical drilling device.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a mechanical pore-forming method for a rectangular slide-resistant pile with a horizontal cantilever and capable of reaming and synchronously drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps:

S1: combining a plurality of drilling machines according to the size of the rectangular pile hole to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole; the slag body treatment mechanism, the sliding horizontal drilling assembly and the vertical drilling device are sequentially arranged on each drilling machine from top to bottom, and the sliding horizontal drilling assembly is positioned at the top of the vertical drilling device and can move up and down along the vertical direction; wherein:

the sliding horizontal drilling assembly comprises a horizontal drilling device, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a horizontal drilling reaction frame, wherein the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the horizontal drilling reaction frame and drives the horizontal drilling device to laterally move, and the horizontal drilling device comprises a plurality of cylindrical drilling assemblies which are horizontally arranged and vertically form a rectangular excavation surface;

the vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components which are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate and form a rectangular excavation surface in the horizontal direction;

s2: the piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders on all the drilling machines are in a standby state of minimum travel, and the cylindrical drilling components on the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines are controlled to drill down into a stratum until the design depth of a horizontal cantilever pile hole so as to form a free section of the rectangular pile hole;

S3: after the sliding horizontal drilling assemblies on all the drilling machines reach the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinders on the drilling machines, which are arranged close to the excavation parts of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, to drive the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the horizontal drilling devices to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole outwards until the design length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached; simultaneously continuously controlling the cylindrical drilling components on the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines to drill down into a stratum;

s4: and retracting a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, to a minimum stroke and stopping working, closing the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal drilling device, enabling the sliding horizontal drilling assembly to move downwards under the dead weight and contact with the vertical drilling device, and continuously controlling all the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the vertical drilling device on the drilling machine to drill down the stratum to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole so as to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole.

In step S1, selecting a connection form between the drilling machine and a drill carriage positioned on the ground according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole, wherein the connection form is connected through a vertical drill rod or connected through a cable;

If the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drilling rod, the vertical drilling rod is arranged on the drill carriage, and the lower end of the vertical drilling rod is connected with the drilling machine;

and if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drilling rod, arranging the cable on the drill carriage, and hoisting the drilling machine at the lower end of the cable.

The drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine by adopting the vertical drill rod, a rotating motor is arranged on the steel cantilever and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate;

when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine through the cable, a set of hoisting motors are fixedly arranged on the steel cantilever beam and drive the cable to hoist the drilling machine in the vertical direction, and a cable bracket is fixedly arranged below the steel cantilever beam.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is an earthen stratum;

the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system and a grouting system;

the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism; the stirring box is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port and a slurry inlet; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or driven by a stirring motor, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

the slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe and a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe, wherein the vertical slag sucking branch pipe and the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe are branched from a suction port of the slag sucking main pipe; the slag suction port of the stirring box is connected with the slag suction main pipe, and the crushing device is arranged between the slag suction main pipe and the slag suction port; the crushing device comprises a fan for sucking and a crushing knife for crushing sludge; the suction head of the vertical slag suction branch pipe is connected into the vertical drilling device, the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is connected into the sliding horizontal drilling assembly, slag suction valves are arranged at the suction heads, and the pipe bodies of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe and the vertical slag suction branch pipe are telescopic pipes;

The grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein one port of the grouting main pipe is communicated with a grouting port on the stirring box so as to send slurry into the stirring box;

the slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and one port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with a slag discharging port on the stirring box so as to pump sludge in the stirring box to the ground for collection.

The U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly of the vertical drill device comprises two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills are composed of a cylinder and a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies which are all arranged on the surface of the cylinder, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinder on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

the horizontal drilling reaction frame of the sliding horizontal drilling assembly comprises a reaction plate, an upper side plate, a lower side plate and a hydraulic side guard plate, wherein the upper side plate and the lower side plate are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the reaction plate, the hydraulic side guard plates are respectively arranged at the two sides of the reaction plate, the horizontal drilling device is arranged between the upper side plate and the lower side plate, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is arranged in a space formed by the upper side plate, the lower side plate, the hydraulic side guard plate and the reaction plate, the end face of a cylinder barrel of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate, a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected with the horizontal drilling device, vertical guide grooves for installing vertical guide plates are respectively formed in the upper side plate and the lower side plate, the vertical guide plates penetrate through the vertical guide grooves on the upper side plate and the lower side plate, two ends of the vertical guide plates are respectively connected with the stirring box and the vertical drilling device, a circle of rigid rubber pad is arranged on the lower side plate along the circumference of the bottom surface of the lower side plate.

In the step S2 and the step S4, in the process of vertically downwards drilling the soil stratum by the vertical drilling devices on all drilling machines, a slag sucking valve at the suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe is closed, and the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened so as to suck the sludge crushed by the vertical drilling devices into the crushing devices, the crushing devices secondarily crush the sucked sludge and then send the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps slurry into the stirring box in real time so as to mix the slurry with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

in step S3, in the process of driving the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine arranged near the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, starting a slag sucking valve at the suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe to suck the broken sludge of the horizontal drilling device into the breaking device, and sending the sucked sludge into the stirring box for stirring after secondary breaking by the breaking device, wherein the grouting system pumps mud into the stirring box in real time to be mixed with the sludge; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the mud slag and mud mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is a rock stratum;

the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism arranged on the stirring box; the slag suction port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag suction system, and the slag discharge port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag discharge system; the grouting system is communicated into the sliding horizontal drill assembly and the vertical drill device; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven to rotate by a stirring motor or driven to rotate by the lower end of the vertical drill rod, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

the slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe, the crushing device is arranged between the slag sucking main pipe and the slag sucking port of the stirring box, the crushing device comprises a fan for sucking and a crushing cutter for crushing mud slag, the suction port of the slag sucking main pipe is bifurcated into a vertical slag sucking branch pipe and a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe, the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the vertical drilling device, the suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the sliding horizontal drilling assembly, slag sucking valves are arranged at the suction head, and telescopic pipes are adopted for the pipe bodies of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe and the vertical slag sucking branch pipe;

The slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and the lower port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with the slag discharging port on the stirring box;

the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and grouting pumps arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein the lower port of the grouting main pipe is branched into a vertical grouting branch pipe and a horizontal grouting branch pipe, a spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device and is close to the position of the cylindrical drilling component on the vertical drilling device, a spray head of the horizontal grouting branch pipe extends into the sliding horizontal drilling component and is close to the position of the cylindrical drilling component on the horizontal drilling device, grouting valves are arranged at the spray head positions, and telescopic pipes are adopted for the pipe bodies of the vertical grouting branch pipe and the horizontal grouting branch pipe.

The U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the web plate; the cylindrical drilling assembly of the vertical drilling device comprises two cylinders, a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hob assemblies arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between the adjacent hob assemblies, wherein each hob assembly comprises a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, each reamer assembly comprises a reamer base and a reamer obliquely fixed on the reamer base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

In the step S2 and the step S4, in the process that all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine vertically drill down rock strata, a slag sucking valve at the suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe and a grouting valve at the spray head of the horizontal grouting branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject slurry into the rock surface where the vertical drilling devices drill, meanwhile, the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck the mixture of the crushed rock blocks and slurry of the vertical drilling devices into the crushing device, and the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry and then sending the mixture into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

In step S3, in the process of driving the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine near the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, starting a grouting valve at a nozzle of the horizontal grouting branch pipe to perform continuous slurry injection on a rock surface where the horizontal drilling device drills, and simultaneously starting a slag sucking valve at a suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe to suck a mixture of crushed rock and slurry of the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device, wherein the crushing device crushes the mixture of the sucked rock and slurry for the second time and sends the mixture into the stirring box for stirring; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the mixture of the rock mass and the slurry in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) According to different sizes of the rectangular pile holes, arranging corresponding number of drilling machines which form a rectangular structure on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machines so as to drill the rectangular pile holes;

(2) Based on the depth of the pile hole to be drilled, a drill rod or a cable can be selected to realize hoisting connection of the drilling machine; a sliding horizontal drilling assembly capable of horizontally stretching is arranged on the vertical drilling device in a combined mode, so that rectangular anti-slide pile holes with horizontal cantilever structures are drilled in soil strata or rock strata;

(3) The aim of improving the construction efficiency can be achieved by synchronously drilling the horizontal cantilever and the pile hole of the embedded section;

(4) The horizontal cantilever and the vertical pile body can be drilled at one time without other mechanical assistance, so that the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost are achieved;

(5) Aiming at the soil stratum, the construction environment is improved and the slurry cost is saved by combining vacuum slag suction and slurry slag discharge; aiming at a rock stratum, the slurry is added into a drilling interface in a supplementing way to be mixed with rock so as to realize suction, and slag is crushed for the second time through a crushing box, so that pile holes can be better discharged, and the blockage of a slag discharge pipe is prevented;

(6) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, the uninterrupted synchronous running of drilling and deslagging is realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved;

(7) Rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever can be drilled in the rock stratum through the cylindrical drilling assembly with the reamer and the hob distributed at intervals.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view (one) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the positions of the cross sections of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view (II) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the vertical drilling apparatus of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a D-D sectional view of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a sliding horizontal drilling assembly according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the G-G of FIG. 12 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view H-H of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view I-I of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the J-J of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the K-K of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the L-L of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic top view showing the mechanical hole forming method of rectangular slide pile with horizontal cantilever for simultaneous reaming and drilling in accordance with the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the steps of a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular slide pile with a horizontal cantilever for simultaneous reaming and drilling in accordance with example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of a cylindrical drill assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

as shown in fig. 1-24, the labels in the figures are respectively:

1. the vertical drilling device comprises a vertical drilling device, a sliding horizontal drilling assembly, a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag sucking system, a pipeline fixing frame, a slag discharging system, a grouting system and a drill carriage, wherein the vertical drilling device comprises a vertical drilling device, a sliding horizontal drilling assembly, a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag sucking system, a pipeline fixing frame, a slag discharging system, a grouting system and a drill carriage;

11. the vertical grouting device comprises a cylindrical drill assembly 111, a cylinder 112, a reamer assembly 113, a hob assembly 114, a motor 115, a motor rotating shaft 116, a stirring cutter assembly 1121, a reamer base 1122, a reamer 1131, a hob base 1132, a hob, a U-shaped fork plate 12, a wing plate 121, a web 122, a 123, a steel support 124, a rotating shaft hole 125, a vertical slag suction branch pipe through hole 126 and a vertical grouting branch pipe through hole.

21. The horizontal drilling device comprises 211 parts of horizontal slag suction branch pipe through holes, 212 parts of horizontal grouting branch pipe through holes, 22 parts of horizontal hydraulic cylinders, 23 parts of horizontal drilling reaction frames, 231 parts of hydraulic side guard plates, 232 parts of upper side plates, 233 parts of lower side plates, 234 parts of reaction plates, 235 parts of slag suction main pipe through holes, 236 parts of grouting main pipe through holes, 237 parts of vertical guide grooves, 238 parts of rigid enclosing blocks, 239 parts of rubber pads, 2310 parts of vertical guide plates;

31. the stirring box 32, the double-layer large blade 33, the stirring main rotating shaft 34, the double-layer small blade 35, the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 36, the single-layer small blade 37, the main gear 38, the main gear isolation pad 39, the auxiliary gear 310, the auxiliary gear isolation pad 311, the steel cover plate 312, the stirring motor 313 and the drill rod;

41. The crushing box, 42, middle partition plates, 43, connecting pipes, 44, a rack, 45, a fan motor, 46, fan blades, 47, crushing cutters and 48, and a filter screen;

51. the slag sucking main pipe is 52, the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is 53, the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe is 54, the telescopic pipe is 55, the suction head is 56, the vertical slag sucking valve is 57;

61. the grouting device comprises a top steel plate, a middle steel plate, a bottom steel plate, a side vertical plate, a square through hole, a slag discharge pipe fixing hole and a grouting pipe fixing hole, wherein the top steel plate, the middle steel plate, the bottom steel plate, the side vertical plate, the square through hole and the slag discharge pipe fixing hole are respectively arranged in the top steel plate and the middle steel plate, the bottom steel plate, the side vertical plate, the square through hole and the side steel plate respectively;

71. slag discharging pipe 72. Slag discharging pump;

81. the grouting device comprises a grouting main pipe, 82, a grouting pump, 83, a vertical grouting branch pipe, 84, a horizontal grouting branch pipe, 85, a spray head, 86, a vertical grouting valve and 87;

91. winch motor 92, fixed shaft 93, cable 94, cable bracket 95, steel cantilever beam 96, slide block 97, steel upright post 98, guide rail 99, hinge shaft 910, pull rod 911, vehicle platform 912, rotary motor;

a. rock-soil stratum b, drilling machine c, free section pile hole d, horizontal cantilever pile hole e, embedding and fixing section pile hole f, pile hole to be dug.

Description of the embodiments

The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings, to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

example 1: as shown in fig. 1-20, the embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular slide-resistant pile with a horizontal cantilever for simultaneous reaming and drilling, and in the embodiment, a rock-soil stratum a and a rectangular deep hole slide-resistant pile are taken as an example for explanation, and specifically comprises the following steps:

(S1) combining a plurality of drills b according to the rectangular pile hole size to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the rectangular pile hole size. The method comprises the steps of installing a drill carriage 9 and a drilling machine b on the ground of a construction site, wherein the drilling machine b is hoisted by the lower end of a cable 93 on the drill carriage 9, and the drilling machine b sequentially comprises a pipeline fixing frame 6, a slag body treatment mechanism, a sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 and a vertical drilling device 1 from top to bottom, wherein the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7 and a grouting system 8.

As shown in fig. 1, the drill carriage 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel upright 97, a pull rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slide block 96, a steel cantilever beam 95, a cable bracket 94, a winch motor 91, a fixed shaft 92 and a cable 93, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 911 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 97 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911, the pull rod 910 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcement effect on the steel upright 97, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 97, and the lower end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the hinge shaft 99 of the vehicle-mounted platform 911; the guide rail 98 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 97 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 96 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 98 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the sliding block 96, the cable support 94 is fixed on the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 95, the winch motor 91 is fixed on the steel cantilever beam 95 through the fixed shaft 92, and the winch motor 91 is used for driving the cable 93 and a drilling machine hoisted at the lower end of the cable 93 to do lifting motion. Moreover, the drilling machine can move downwards under the dead weight pressure of the drilling machine due to the fact that the dead weight of the drilling machine is large, the effect that a drill rod is required to be pressed downwards in the past is not needed, and the cable 93 has a sufficient length, so that the drilling requirement for a rectangular deep hole can be met.

As shown in fig. 1-10, the vertical drilling device 1 can be used for performing drilling of rectangular deep holes. The vertical drilling device 1 mainly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 and a U-shaped fork plate 12 used as a mounting frame, wherein the U-shaped fork plate 12 mainly comprises a web 122 and wing plates 121 positioned on two sides of the web 122, and a steel support 123 is vertically welded in the middle of the web 122 based on the number of the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11. Each set of cylindrical drill assembly 11 is composed of two cylindrical drills, a motor 114 and a motor shaft 115, and in this embodiment, the number of cylindrical drills of the vertical drill device 1 is 4, and the cylindrical drills are distributed in a matrix to form rectangular cutting surfaces, and rectangular pile holes are formed in the downward cutting process. The cylindrical drill comprises a cylinder 111, a plurality of hob assemblies 113 distributed on the surface of the cylinder 111 at intervals, and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 distributed between adjacent hob assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111 at intervals, a centrally arranged steel support 123 is welded or bolted with the shell of a motor 114, a motor rotating shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the cylinders 111 on two sides to rotate, and the end parts of the motor rotating shaft 115 are supported in rotating shaft holes 124 of wing plates 121 on two sides. As shown in fig. 1-8, the height of the hob assembly 113 protruding above the cylinder 111 is higher than the reamer assembly 112, so that when cutting a rock mass, the hob 1132 on the hob assembly 113 first contacts the rock mass, i.e., the hob assembly 113 first breaks the rock face in its entirety into a plurality of large pieces of rock, and then further twists the large pieces of rock on the excavated face into small diameter rock pieces (or slag) by the reamer assembly 112; hob assembly 113 includes a hob base 1131 and a ring of hob 1132 secured to hob base 1131; the reamer assembly 112 includes a reamer base 1121 and a reamer 1122, and the reamer 1122 is in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the reamer base 1121 to facilitate the reaming of a rock formation. For rock mass, if the hob 1132 is adopted to directly crush the rock mass of the excavated surface or the reamer 1122 is directly used for cutting, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the hob and reamer materials are required to meet higher requirements, so that the development difficulty of the hob and reamer materials is increased, and the construction cost is increased. The hob 1132 and the reamer 1122 are combined, and the hob 1132 only fractures the rock mass of the excavated surface, so that the strength of the rock mass is reduced, the reamer 1122 is beneficial to cutting the rock mass more easily, the requirements on the strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of the hob and the reamer material can be correspondingly reduced, and the wear of the reamer and the hob can be reduced. Therefore, the method of combining the rock mass with the low strength after the hob 1132 is firstly used for fracturing the rock mass with the excavated face and then the reamer 1122 is used for cutting the rock mass with the low strength after the fracturing is adopted, so that the working efficiency can be improved, the cutter abrasion can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced. In addition, the web 122 is further provided with a vertical slag sucking branch pipe through hole 125 and a vertical grouting branch pipe through hole 126, which are respectively used for fixing the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 of the slag sucking system 5 and the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 of the grouting system 8.

As shown in fig. 1-14, the sliding horizontal drill bit assembly 2 may be used to perform excavation of horizontal cantilever pile holes. The sliding horizontal drill assembly 2 comprises a horizontal drill device 21, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 and a horizontal drill reaction frame 23, wherein the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixed on the horizontal drill reaction frame 23 and drives the horizontal drill device 21 to move laterally.

The horizontal drilling device 21 also includes a plurality of cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 and a U-shaped fork plate 12 used as an installation frame, and the structures of the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 and the U-shaped fork plate 12 of the horizontal drilling device 21 are identical to the structures of the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 and the U-shaped fork plate 12 of the vertical drilling device 1, and only the setting directions are different (the horizontal drilling device 21 is vertically set, and the vertical drilling device 1 is horizontally set), so that details are not repeated herein. In this embodiment, the number of cylindrical drills of the sliding horizontal drill component 2 is also 4, and the cylindrical drills are distributed in a matrix to form rectangular cutting surfaces, and rectangular horizontal cantilever pile holes are formed in the process of cutting the cylindrical drills to the side. The horizontal drill reaction frame 23 includes a reaction plate 234, an upper side plate 232, a lower side plate 233, and a hydraulic side guard 231, the upper side plate 232 and the lower side plate 233 are respectively disposed at the upper and lower parts of the reaction plate 234, the hydraulic side guard 231 is respectively disposed at two sides of the reaction plate 234, the horizontal drill device 21 is disposed between the upper side plate 232 and the lower side plate 233, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is disposed in a space formed by the upper side plate 232, the lower side plate 233, the hydraulic side guard 231, and the reaction plate 234, and the hydraulic side guard 231 can prevent a rock body from contacting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 during excavation, thereby protecting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixed on the counter-force plate 234, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected with the horizontal drilling device 21, vertical guide grooves 237 are formed in the upper side plate 232 and the lower side plate 233, the size and the shape of each vertical guide groove 237 are matched with those of each vertical guide plate 2310, each vertical guide groove 237 is used for installing each vertical guide plate 2310, each vertical guide plate 2310 penetrates through each vertical guide groove 237 in the upper side plate 232 and the lower side plate 233, two ends of each vertical guide plate 2310 are respectively connected with the stirring box 31 of the stirring device 3 and the vertical drilling device 1, wherein the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 can move along the height direction of the vertical guide plate 2310, and meanwhile, the vertical guide plates 2310 can limit the horizontal position of the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 (the horizontal drilling counter-force frame 23) and prevent the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 (the horizontal drilling counter-force frame 23) from moving in the horizontal direction. The lower side plate 233 is circumferentially provided with a rigid enclosure 238 along the bottom surface thereof, and the rigid enclosure 238 is provided with a ring of rubber pads 239, so that when the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 is in contact with the vertical drilling device 1, the rubber pads 239 can prevent the rigid enclosure 238 from colliding with the horizontal drilling reaction frame 23 of the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2, thereby playing a role in buffering. In addition, the U-shaped fork plate 12 of the horizontal drilling device 21 is provided with a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe through hole 211 and a horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole 212, which are respectively used for fixing the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 53 of the slag sucking system 5 and the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 of the grouting system 8, the upper side plate 232 is provided with a slag sucking main pipe through hole 235 and a grouting main pipe through hole 236, which are respectively used for fixing the slag sucking main pipe 51 of the slag sucking system 5 and the grouting main pipe 81 of the grouting system 8, and the lower side plate 233 is provided with a vertical slag sucking branch pipe through hole 125 and a vertical grouting branch pipe through hole 126, which are respectively used for fixing the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 of the slag sucking system 5 and the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 of the grouting system 8.

As shown in fig. 1-18, the slag handling mechanism comprises a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag sucking system 5, a slag discharging system 7 and a grouting system 8.

The stirring device 3 mainly comprises a stirring box 31 and a stirring mechanism, wherein the stirring box 31 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the sliding horizontal drill component 2 (a vertical guide plate 2310), the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear 37 and a plurality of auxiliary gears 39 meshed with the main gear 37, the main gear 37 is driven to rotate by a stirring motor 312 so as to drive the auxiliary gears 39 to rotate, a stirring main rotating shaft 33 extending into the stirring box 31 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 37, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft 33, and the stirring blades adopt double-layer large blades 32; each auxiliary gear 39 is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 extending into the stirring box 31, the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 is also provided with stirring blades, part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 adopt double-layer small blades 34, and the other part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 adopt single-layer small blades 36, so that evenly mixed slurry can be obtained by stirring the rock slag and slurry of the stirring box 31, and the discharge is facilitated. In order to avoid slurry in the stirring tank 31 from penetrating into the gear box where the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gear 39 are located during stirring, a main gear isolation pad 38 is provided at the junction of the stirring main rotating shaft 33 and the stirring tank 31, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is provided at the junction of the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 and the stirring tank 31. As shown in fig. 4, a steel cover plate 311 is arranged on the top of the gear box where the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gear 39 are arranged, and is used for being connected with the pipe fixing frame 6. The stirring tank 31 is provided with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

The slag sucking system 5 is connected to the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 31, the slag sucking system 5 mainly comprises a slag sucking main pipe 51, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 and a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 53, one end of the slag sucking main pipe 51 is communicated with the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 31 through the crushing device 4, the other end (namely a sucking end) of the slag sucking main pipe 51 is connected with the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 and the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 53, wherein the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 extends into the vertical drilling device 1, a suction head 55 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 is close to a cylindrical drilling component 11 of the vertical drilling device 1 so that slag can be sucked and cut out, and a vertical slag sucking valve 56 is arranged at the suction head 55 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 and used for controlling on-off of a pipeline; the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 53 extends into the horizontal drilling device 21, the suction head 55 of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 53 is close to the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 of the horizontal drilling device 21 so that the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 53 can suck and cut the slag which is cut and dug, and the suction head 55 of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 53 is provided with a horizontal slag sucking valve 57 for controlling the on-off of a pipeline. In addition, the pipe body of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 and the pipe body of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 53 adopt telescopic pipes 54.

The pumped rock slag is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 4 and then enters the stirring tank 31, the crushing device 4 mainly comprises a crushing tank 41, a middle partition plate 42, a connecting pipe 43, a rack 44, a fan motor 45, fan blades 46, a crushing knife 47 and a filter screen 48, the middle partition plate 42 is obliquely arranged in the crushing tank 41 to form a ramp which is beneficial to the flow of the rock slag, the fan motor 45 is arranged on a top plate in the crushing tank 41 through the rack 44, the fan blades 46 are arranged on a rotating shaft of the fan motor 45, the fan motor 45 and the fan blades 46 rotating at high speed can form negative pressure suction in a slag suction main pipe 51, a crushing knife 47 is arranged at the installation position of the fan motor 45, so that the pumped rock slag can enter the stirring tank 41 through the connecting pipe 43 after being crushed by the crushing knife 47, and a screen 48 is arranged at the end face of the fan motor 45 to filter the large-particle rock slag, and prevent the rock slag from flowing into the stirring tank 31 from the fan motor 45.

The grout outlet of the grouting system 8 extends into the vertical drilling device 1 and the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2, and the grouting system 8 mainly comprises a grouting main pipe 81, a grouting pump 82, a vertical grouting branch pipe 83 and a horizontal grouting branch pipe 84, wherein one end of the grouting main pipe 81 is connected with the grouting pump 82 positioned on the ground, and the other end is connected with the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 and the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84. The vertical grouting branch pipe 83 extends into the vertical drilling device 1, a spray head 85 of the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 is close to a cylindrical drilling assembly 11 of the vertical drilling device 1, slurry is injected into a rock slag position through a grouting system 8, so that the rock slag is mixed with the slurry, extraction of the slag suction system 5 is facilitated, and a vertical grouting valve 86 is arranged at the spray head 85 of the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 and used for controlling on-off of a pipeline; the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 extends into the horizontal drilling device 21, the spray head 85 of the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 is close to the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 of the horizontal drilling device 21, slurry is injected into the rock slag through the grouting system 8, so that the rock slag is mixed with the slurry, the extraction of the slag suction system 5 is facilitated, and a horizontal grouting valve 87 is arranged at the spray head 85 of the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 and used for controlling the on-off of a pipeline. In addition, the pipe bodies of the vertical grouting branch pipes 83 and the horizontal grouting branch pipes 84 are telescopic pipes.

As shown in fig. 1 to 18, the pipe fixing frame 6 has a box-shaped structure, and includes a top steel plate 61, a middle steel plate 62, a bottom steel plate 63, and a plurality of side vertical plates 64 connecting the three, in addition, square through holes 65 are formed in the bottom steel plate 63 of the pipe fixing frame 6 for mounting the stirring motor 312, and in addition, slag pipe fixing holes 66 through which slag pipes 71 pass and grouting pipe fixing holes 67 through which grouting main pipes 81 pass are formed in the top steel plate 61, the middle steel plate 62, and the bottom steel plate 63. In order to avoid pipe wobble during drilling, the pipe holder 6 may provide a fixing for each pipe passing.

As shown in fig. 19, in this embodiment, when the pile hole f to be dug is drilled on the rock-soil layer a, two or four drilling machines b may be provided on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine, and when two drilling machines b are provided, the free-section pile hole c and the horizontal cantilever pile hole d are drilled by the two drilling machines (synchronous operation); when four drills b are provided, a free-section pile hole c is drilled by the four drills b (synchronous operation), and a horizontal cantilever pile hole d is drilled by two drills b (synchronous operation) provided near the excavated portion of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d.

(S2) before preparing to drill down, as shown in fig. 20, the horizontal drilling apparatuses 21 in the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 on all the drills b are put on minimum stroke and standby; then controlling (on all drills b) the vertical drilling device 1 to vertically drill the rock stratum a downwards until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d is reached, so as to form a free section pile hole c of the rectangular pile hole;

In the process, the suction head 55 on the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 and the spray head 85 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 of the vertical drilling device 1 (on all drilling machines b) respectively suck slag and grouting, and the crushing device 4 is used for crushing the sucked rock mass and slurry mixture for the second time and then sending the crushed rock mass and slurry mixture into the stirring box 31 for stirring; the slag discharging system 7 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 31 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment. At this point (on all drills b) the sliding horizontal drill assembly 2 is located on the vertical drilling device 1.

(S3) after the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d (on all the drilling machines b), controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 on the drilling machine b arranged near the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal drilling device 21 to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole d to the side until the design length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d is reached, and simultaneously (on all the drilling machines b) continuing to drill the vertical drilling device 1 downwards;

in the process, the suction head 55 on the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 and the spray head 85 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 of the vertical drilling device 1 (on all drilling rigs b) are used for respectively sucking slag and grouting, the suction head 55 on the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 and the spray head 85 on the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 of the horizontal drilling device 21 (on the drilling rig b arranged near the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d) are used for respectively sucking slag and grouting, and the crushing device 4 is used for crushing the sucked rock mass and slurry mixture for the second time and then sending the crushed rock mass and slurry mixture into the stirring box 31 for stirring; the slag discharging system 7 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 31 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S4) after the construction of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d is completed, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 (on the drilling machine b arranged close to the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d) is contracted to the minimum stroke, so that the horizontal drilling device 21 is retracted into the pile hole c of the free section, the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 (on the drilling machine b arranged close to the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d) moves downwards under the self weight and is contacted with the vertical drilling device 1, and the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 (on all the drilling machines b) on the vertical drilling device 1 continue to drill downwards to the design depth of the pile hole e of the embedded section;

in the process, the suction head 55 on the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 and the spray head 85 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 of the vertical drilling device 1 (on all drilling machines b) respectively suck slag and grouting, and the crushing device 4 is used for crushing the sucked rock mass and slurry mixture for the second time and then sending the crushed rock mass and slurry mixture into the stirring box 31 for stirring; the slag discharging system 7 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 31 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

(2) Rectangular pile holes with horizontal cantilever structures are drilled in deep rock bodies through cables and telescopic horizontal cylindrical drills with interval reamer and hob;

(4) The horizontal cantilever structure and the vertical pile body can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, so that the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost are achieved;

(5) Rock is crushed for the second time through the crushing box, so that the pile hole can be better discharged, and the slag discharge pipe is prevented from being blocked;

(6) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, uninterrupted synchronous drilling and deslagging are realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved.

Example 2: the present embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular slide-resistant pile with a horizontal cantilever by reaming and synchronous drilling, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the construction of a rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua pile in a rock-soil stratum a is required, and as shown in fig. 21, a drill carriage 9 is connected with a drilling machine through a vertical drill pipe 313.

The drill carriage 9 comprises a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel upright 97, a pull rod 910, a hinged shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a sliding block 96, a steel cantilever beam 95 and a rotary motor 912, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 911 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 97 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911, the pull rod 910 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing effect on the steel upright 97, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 97, and the lower end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the hinged shaft 99 on the vehicle-mounted platform 911; the guide rail 98 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 97 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 96 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 98 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the slide block 96, the rotary motor 912 is installed on the steel cantilever beam 95, and the vertically arranged drilling rod 313 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 912 and can move along with the slide block 96 in the vertical direction, namely, the drilling rod 313 can drill downwards under the drive of the slide block 93.

When the drill carriage 9 is connected to the drill by using the drill rod 313, the main gear 37 in the stirring mechanism is not required to be additionally provided with the stirring motor 312 to drive the drill, and the lower end of the drill rod 313 can be directly connected to the main gear 37 to drive and rotate the drill.

The remaining steps of the hole forming construction method in this embodiment are identical to those in embodiment 1, and will not be described again.

Example 3: the present embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular slide-resistant pile with a horizontal cantilever capable of reaming and synchronously drilling, and the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the construction of the rectangular deep-hole slide-resistant pile is required in the soil stratum, so that the grouting system 8 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11 are improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 22, the grouting system 8 in the vertical drilling equipment 1 and the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 31, the drilled mud residue can be pumped into the stirring tank 31 by the slag suction system 5 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 8 can further adjust the mud residue concentration by grouting into the stirring tank 31 so as to be beneficial to the slag discharging system 7 to discharge the mud mixture in the stirring tank 31.

As shown in fig. 23, the soil stratum is dug in this example, the soil stratum strength is lower, the surface of the cylinder 111 of the cylinder drill assembly 11 is uniformly provided with a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies 116 instead, the stirring cutter assemblies 116 comprise a stirring cutter base and stirring cutters, and the stirring cutters are in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the stirring cutter base, so as to facilitate stirring and digging of soil.

Example 4: the present embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular slide pile with a horizontal cantilever for reaming and synchronous drilling, which is different from embodiment 1 in that a rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua pile is required to be constructed in an earthen stratum, so that a grouting system 8 and a cylindrical drilling assembly 11 are improved, and a connection mode between a drill carriage 9 and a drilling machine is improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 24, the grouting system 8 in the vertical drilling equipment 1 and the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 31, the drilled sludge can be pumped into the stirring tank 31 by the sludge suction system 5 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 8 can further adjust the concentration of the sludge by grouting into the stirring tank 31 so as to be beneficial to the sludge discharge system 7 to discharge the sludge mixture in the stirring tank 31.

As shown in fig. 24, the drill carriage 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel upright 97, a pull rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slide block 96, a steel cantilever beam 95 and a rotating motor 912, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 911 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 97 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911, the pull rod 910 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing function on the steel upright 97, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 97, and the lower end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the hinge shaft 99 on the vehicle-mounted platform 911; the guide rail 98 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 97 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 96 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 98 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the slide block 96, the rotary motor 912 is installed on the steel cantilever beam 95, and the vertically arranged drilling rod 313 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 912 and can move along with the slide block 96 in the vertical direction, namely, the drilling rod 313 can drill downwards under the drive of the slide block 93.

Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and thus are not repeated herein.

Claims

1. A mechanical pore-forming method for a rectangular slide-resistant pile with a horizontal cantilever and capable of reaming and synchronously drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for mechanically forming the rectangular slide pile with the horizontal cantilever by the reamers and synchronously drilling the holes is characterized in that in the step S1, a connection form between the drilling machine and a drill carriage on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole, wherein the connection form is connected through a vertical drill rod or a cable;

3. The method for mechanically forming the rectangular slide-resistant pile with the horizontal cantilever by reaming and synchronous drilling according to claim 2, wherein the drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

4. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular slide piles with horizontal cantilevers in a simultaneous boring and drilling mode according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is an earthen stratum;

5. The mechanical hole forming method for the rectangular slide-resistant pile with the horizontal cantilever and capable of reaming and synchronously drilling is characterized in that a U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly of the vertical drill device comprises two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills are composed of a cylinder and a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies which are all arranged on the surface of the cylinder, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinder on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

6. The method for mechanically forming holes on a rectangular slide pile with a horizontal cantilever through simultaneous boring and drilling, according to claim 5, characterized in that in step S2 and step S4, in the process of vertically drilling down an earthen stratum by the vertical drilling device on all the drilling machines, a slag sucking valve at the suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe is closed, and a slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck sludge crushed by the vertical drilling device into the crushing device, the crushing device crushes the sucked sludge for the second time and then sends the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps slurry into the stirring box in real time to mix with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

7. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular slide piles with horizontal cantilevers in a simultaneous boring and drilling process according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is a rock stratum;

8. The mechanical hole forming method for the rectangular slide-resistant pile with the horizontal cantilever and capable of reaming and synchronously drilling is characterized in that a U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the web plate; the cylindrical drilling assembly of the vertical drilling device comprises two cylinders, a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hob assemblies arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between the adjacent hob assemblies, wherein each hob assembly comprises a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, each reamer assembly comprises a reamer base and a reamer obliquely fixed on the reamer base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

9. The mechanical pore-forming method of the rectangular slide pile with the horizontal cantilever capable of reaming and synchronously drilling is characterized in that in the steps S2 and S4, in the process of vertically downwards drilling a rock stratum by all vertical drilling devices on a drilling machine, a slag sucking valve at a suction head of a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe and a grouting valve at a spray head of a horizontal grouting branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject slurry onto a rock surface where the vertical drilling devices drill, and meanwhile, the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck a mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry of the vertical drilling devices into the crushing devices, and the crushed rock blocks and the slurry mixture are crushed again by the crushing devices and then are conveyed into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;