CN116905964A

CN116905964A - Rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and asynchronous drilling and digging with haunching horizontal cantilever

Info

Publication number: CN116905964A
Application number: CN202311091220.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵璐; 黄昌富; 张帅龙
Original assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-29
Filing date: 2023-08-29
Publication date: 2023-10-20

Abstract

The invention discloses a reaming asynchronous type rectangular pile mechanical pore-forming method with a haunched horizontal cantilever, which comprises the following steps: combining a plurality of drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole; a slag body treatment mechanism, a haunching drill assembly, a horizontal drill assembly and a vertical drill device are sequentially arranged on each drilling machine from top to bottom; controlling vertical drilling devices on all drilling machines to vertically drill down into the stratum until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever; opening an armpit drill assembly on a drilling machine which is arranged close to the armpit hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part; controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive a horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outwards to drill a stratum to a designed length; and continuously controlling the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines to vertically drill the stratum downwards to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole so as to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole. The invention has the advantages that: according to different sizes of the rectangular pile holes, corresponding numbers of drilling machines which form a rectangular structure are arranged on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine so as to drill the rectangular pile holes.

Description

Rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and asynchronous drilling and digging with haunching horizontal cantilever

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment, and particularly relates to a reaming asynchronous rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method for drilling a horizontal cantilever with a haunch.

Background

In the projects such as side slope support, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, tunnel entrance and exit construction and the like, the slide-resistant pile is the most effective measure capable of transmitting the side thrust of a rock-soil body into a stable stratum below a sliding surface, resisting the side thrust and treating the projects and geological disasters. The slide-resistant piles are divided into rectangular section slide-resistant piles and circular section slide-resistant piles. The rectangular anti-skid pile has the advantages of high lateral rigidity, high single pile bearing capacity and the like, and can effectively enhance the anti-skid force and improve the anti-skid coefficient. Therefore, rectangular-section slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields. The traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile has a larger section and can not fully utilize the strength of rock-soil mass in front of the pile. For the anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever structure, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of rock and soil mass in front of the pile, so that the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile is improved, but the hole forming difficulty of a horizontal cantilever pile hole of the rectangular anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever is extremely high. And traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile adopts artifical excavation and mechanical excavation mode generally, and the collapse that artifical hole pile construction caused accounts for 65% of the total number of collapse accident to inefficiency, with high costs, mechanical excavation is safer high-efficient. Therefore, the mechanical drilling of pile holes with the horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles in the rock and soil layers has important significance for ensuring the safety of constructors and improving the efficiency.

At present, rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment and mechanical excavation modes are various, for example:

the patent number CN 106836354A 'rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming device' is characterized in that a rectangular shovel head is formed by a plurality of cutting blades, and a counterweight or a hydraulic propulsion device is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head to drill rectangular pile holes. The patent number CN 103244053A 'rectangular drilling machine' mainly drives T-shaped cutter heads uniformly distributed at the lower parts of two steel frames to move in opposite directions and reciprocate through two cam bodies, and cuts soil into rectangular holes.

The patent number CN 104533300A rectangular drilling machine is characterized in that a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of a rectangular transmission case, cross long cutters are arranged on four sides of the rectangular transmission case, the conical drill bit drills to form a circular pile hole, and then the circular pile hole is trimmed into a rectangular pile hole through rotary cutting of the cross long cutters.

The patent No. CN 207715083U, a rectangular anti-slide pile hole-forming drilling machine, mainly sets a round drilling cylinder and a rectangular drilling cylinder at the bottom of a drill rod, the round drilling cylinder is screwed into a round pile hole, and then soil around the round pile hole is cut through the rectangular drilling cylinder to form a rectangular pile hole.

The patent No. CN 105951798A, a rectangular drilling machine, mainly uses a motor to drive four concave waist cylinders with stirring blades to cut soil bodies, and drills rectangular pile holes.

The existing drilling machine mainly forms vertical rectangular pile holes in a rock-soil body. But has the following problems: (1) The rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the haunched horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in the rock soil; (2) Other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the slag soil in the pile hole, and the drilling and deslagging equipment has low integration level, low construction efficiency and high cost.

In terms of a rectangular slide pile mechanical construction method, for example:

the patent number CN 108678661A 'square anti-slide pile pore-forming method and square drill bit for pore-forming', which utilizes a round drill bit of a rotary drilling rig to drill at least one row of round guiding holes in sequence along the length direction of the cross section of the square anti-slide pile hole, the round guiding holes of each row are connected, the side walls of the square anti-slide pile holes are tangent to the edges of the adjacent round guiding holes, and then the square drill bit is adopted to sweep the pores, so that the square drill bit cuts residual soil downwards along the contour line of the square anti-slide pile hole, and the circular drill bit is sequentially circulated until the design requirement is met.

The patent number CN110593753A 'quick mechanical drilling construction method of rectangular anti-slide pile', adopts a rotary drilling round drill bit to drill guiding holes at four corners, and the guiding holes are drilled until the elevation of the bottom of the designed pile is reached; then, trimming the guide holes by using a grooving machine in three parts, and constructing by using a grab bucket for three times: the first time along the long side leading hole position of the anti-slide pile is grabbed until the depth of the design hole is reached; the second time along the other long side leading hole position of the slide-resistant pile is grabbed until the depth of the design hole is reached; and grabbing the rest part in the middle for the third time until the depth of the designed hole is reached. If the soil is in contact with complex hard strata such as hard gingilite soil, calcareous cement layers and the like, the soil grabbing operation is stopped by the grooving machine, and the hard strata are broken by adopting a long-arm breaking hammer.

The patent number CN 110820733A 'an improved simple rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical quick hole forming construction method' mainly comprises the steps of rotary digging round pile holes twice, connecting the round pile holes and overexcavating the outline of the rectangular pile holes, and pouring the overexcavation part after placing a rectangular steel cylinder in the pile holes to form rectangular pile holes.

The patent number CN 110714460A 'a rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming construction method for reducing filling coefficient' and the patent number CN 113605387 'a rectangular anti-slide pile full-mechanical construction method' are both mainly characterized in that round pile holes are formed by twice or more rotary digging, are connected or partially overlapped and are tangential to the outline of the rectangular pile holes, and the rectangular pile holes are formed by mechanically carrying out slag digging and pore repairing on the inner periphery of the pile holes.

The patent No. CN 111691408A "construction method of rectangular anti-slide pile of soft rock stratum" mainly comprises the steps of firstly drilling a rectangular groove along the outline of a rectangular pile hole by a small-diameter rotary drilling tool, cutting the small-diameter pile hole tangentially with the outline of the rectangular pile hole, then drilling by a large-diameter rotary drilling tool and partially overlapping the small-diameter pile hole, and mechanically digging slag in the pile hole to repair the hole to form the rectangular pile hole.

But has the following problems: (1) The rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the haunched horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in the rock soil; (2) The hole repairing treatment is needed by adopting other mechanical or auxiliary measures, the drilling construction efficiency is low, the cost is high, and rectangular pile holes cannot be drilled at one time; (3) In actual engineering, pile hole sizes are various, and the existing rectangular anti-slide pile hole forming mechanical equipment is fixed in size and cannot cope with the change of pile hole sizes; (4) Other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the dregs in the pile holes, so that the construction cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular pile with an axillary horizontal cantilever, which comprises the steps of combining a plurality of drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole, sequentially arranging a slag processing mechanism, an axillary drilling assembly, a horizontal drilling assembly and a vertical drilling assembly on the drilling machines from top to bottom to perform asynchronous drilling of the rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the axillary horizontal cantilever, namely, stopping the vertical drilling device after the rectangular pile hole is excavated to the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever by adopting a cylindrical drilling assembly distributed in a matrix mode, simultaneously drilling the axillary part and the rectangular pile hole with the horizontal cantilever structure by adopting the axillary drilling assembly and the horizontal drilling assembly, or outwards drilling the rectangular pile hole with the axillary drilling assembly by adopting the axillary drilling assembly, then driving the horizontal drilling assembly to horizontally elongate the rectangular pile hole with the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, or horizontally extending the horizontal drilling assembly to drill the rectangular pile hole with the horizontal cantilever structure by adopting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder driving the horizontal drilling assembly to horizontally elongate the horizontal drilling assembly, or horizontally extending the rectangular pile hole with the horizontal drilling assembly horizontally drilling assembly by adopting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder driving the horizontal drilling assembly to horizontally extending the horizontal drilling assembly, and finally drilling the rectangular pile hole with the axillary cantilever structure by adopting the axillary drilling assembly, and horizontally drilling assembly is continuously retracted after the rectangular pile hole is drilled to the rectangular pile hole with the axillary horizontal cantilever.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a mechanical hole forming method for a reamed asynchronous type drilling rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: combining a plurality of drilling machines according to the size of the rectangular pile hole to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole; a slag body treatment mechanism, an armpit drill assembly, a horizontal drill assembly and a vertical drill device are sequentially arranged on each drilling machine from top to bottom; wherein:

the haunching drill assembly comprises a haunching drill device, a rotary hydraulic cylinder, a crank hydraulic cylinder and a haunching drill reaction frame, wherein the haunching drill reaction frame is of a box-shaped structure with a lateral opening, an upper swinging plate at the lower end of the haunching drill device and a lower swinging plate on the bottom surface of the haunching drill reaction frame are in rotary connection through a connecting shaft, the rotary hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the middle part or the upper part of the haunching drill device, the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the upper swinging plate through a crank shaft, and the crank shaft is positioned right below the connecting shaft;

the haunching drill device is driven by the rotary hydraulic cylinder and the crank hydraulic cylinder to outwards rotate and dig in a rotary mode to form haunched parts of the horizontal cantilever;

The horizontal drilling assembly comprises a horizontal drilling device and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder for driving the horizontal drilling device to move laterally;

the vertical drilling device comprises a plurality of cylindrical drilling components which are horizontally arranged and form a rectangular excavation surface;

s2: the haunching drill devices on all the drilling machines are located in the box-shaped space of the haunching drill counter-force frame, the horizontal drill devices in the horizontal drill assemblies on all the drilling machines are in a standby state of minimum travel, and the vertical drill devices on all the drilling machines are controlled to drill the stratum vertically downwards until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever so as to form a free section of the rectangular pile hole;

s3: stopping drilling by the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines, starting the haunching drilling assemblies on the drilling machines, which are arranged close to the haunching holes and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation parts, and gradually rotating outwards by taking the connecting shaft as a rotation center and simultaneously drilling stratum until the haunching drilling devices rotate from a vertical state to a horizontal state under the driving of the rotating hydraulic cylinder and the crank hydraulic cylinder so as to form the haunching holes;

s4: controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, to drive the horizontal drilling device to horizontally move outwards to drill the stratum to the designed length so as to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole;

S5: retracting the horizontal drilling device on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunching hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, to a minimum stroke and stopping working, and returning the haunching drilling device to a vertical state; and continuously controlling all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine to vertically drill the stratum downwards to the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole so as to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole.

In step S1, selecting a connection form between the drilling machine and a drill carriage positioned on the ground according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole, wherein the connection form is connected through a vertical drill rod or connected through a cable;

if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drilling rod, the vertical drilling rod is arranged on the drill carriage, and the lower end of the vertical drilling rod is connected with the drilling machine;

and if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drilling rod, arranging the cable on the drill carriage, and hoisting the drilling machine at the lower end of the cable.

The drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

When the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine by adopting the vertical drill rod, a rotating motor is arranged on the steel cantilever and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate;

when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine through the cable, a set of hoisting motors are fixedly arranged on the steel cantilever beam and drive the cable to hoist the drilling machine in the vertical direction, and a cable bracket is fixedly arranged below the steel cantilever beam.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is an earthen stratum;

the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system and a grouting system;

the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism; the stirring box is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port and a slurry inlet; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or driven by a stirring motor, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

The slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe, a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe and an armpit slag sucking branch pipe, wherein the vertical slag sucking branch pipe, the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe and the armpit slag sucking branch pipe are branched from a suction port of the slag sucking main pipe; the slag suction port of the stirring box is connected with the slag suction main pipe, and the crushing device is arranged between the slag suction main pipe and the slag suction port; the crushing device comprises a fan for sucking and a crushing knife for crushing sludge; the suction head of the vertical slag suction branch pipe is connected into the vertical drilling device, the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is connected into the horizontal drilling assembly, the suction head of the haunching slag suction branch pipe is connected into the haunching drilling assembly, slag suction valves are arranged at the suction head, and the pipe bodies of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe and the haunching slag suction branch pipe are telescopic pipes;

the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein one port of the grouting main pipe is communicated with a grouting port on the stirring box so as to send slurry into the stirring box;

the slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and one port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with a slag discharging port on the stirring box so as to pump sludge in the stirring box to the ground for collection.

The vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components arranged on the U-shaped fork plate, and the cylindrical drilling components are distributed in a matrix; the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylinders, a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies and a motor, the stirring cutter assemblies are all arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders, the motor drives the cylinders to rotate, the stirring cutter assemblies consist of a stirring cutter base and stirring cutters obliquely fixed on the stirring cutter base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders and is correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of the wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and the steel supports are welded on a motor shell;

the horizontal drill component further comprises a horizontal drill reaction frame which is of a box-shaped structure with an opening in the lateral direction, wherein the upper surface of the horizontal drill reaction frame is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the haunching drill reaction frame, and the lower surface of the horizontal drill reaction frame is fixedly connected with the U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drill device; the cylinder barrel end surface of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the inner side wall surface of the horizontal drill reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder drives the horizontal drill device to horizontally extend and retract laterally;

The haunching drill reaction frame comprises a haunching hydraulic reaction plate, a haunching hydraulic upper side plate arranged at the upper end of the haunching hydraulic reaction plate, a haunching hydraulic lower side plate arranged at the lower end of the haunching hydraulic reaction plate and haunching hydraulic side guard plates arranged at two sides of the haunching hydraulic reaction plate; the rear end of the cylinder barrel of the rotary hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate through a hinged support; the rear end of the cylinder barrel of the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate through a hinged support; the upper swing plate is semicircular; the haunching drill device comprises a haunching drill web plate, haunching drill wing plates positioned on two sides of the haunching drill web plate, and a plurality of haunching cylindrical drill assemblies, wherein each haunching cylindrical drill assembly is distributed along the vertical surface and the top surface at intervals.

In the step S2 and the step S5, in the process of vertically downwards drilling the soil stratum by the vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine, closing the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the haunching slag sucking branch pipes and the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes, and opening the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes to suck the sludge crushed by the vertical drilling devices into the crushing devices, wherein the crushing devices crush the sucked sludge for the second time and then send the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps slurry into the stirring box in real time so as to mix the slurry with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

In the step S3, in the process that the haunching device on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunching hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, outwards rotates to drill a rock-soil body to form the haunching hole, the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes and the vertical slag sucking branch pipes are closed, and the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the haunching slag sucking branch pipes are opened to suck the sludge crushed by the haunching device into the crushing device, the crushing device is used for crushing the sucked sludge for the second time and then sends the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system is used for pumping mud into the stirring box in real time so as to mix the sludge with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

in step S4, in the process of driving the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine near the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, closing the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the haunched slag sucking branch pipe and the vertical slag sucking branch pipe, and opening the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe to suck the sludge crushed by the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device, wherein the crushing device crushes the sucked sludge for the second time and then sends the crushed sludge into the stirring box to stir, and the grouting system pumps the slurry into the stirring box in real time to mix the slurry with the sludge; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the mud slag and mud mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is a rock stratum;

the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism arranged on the stirring box; the slag suction port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag suction system, and the slag discharge port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag discharge system; the grouting system is communicated into the haunching drill assembly, the horizontal drill assembly and the vertical drill device; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven to rotate by a stirring motor or driven to rotate by the lower end of the vertical drill rod, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

the slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe, the crushing device is arranged between the slag sucking main pipe and the slag sucking port of the stirring box, the crushing device comprises a fan for sucking and a crushing cutter for crushing mud slag, the suction port of the slag sucking main pipe is branched into an haunching slag sucking branch pipe, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe and a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe, the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the vertical drilling device, the suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the horizontal drilling assembly, the suction head of the haunching slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the haunching drilling assembly, slag sucking valves are arranged at the suction head, and telescopic pipes are adopted for the haunching slag sucking branch pipe and the pipe body of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe;

The slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and the lower port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with the slag discharging port on the stirring box;

the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein the lower port of the grouting main pipe is branched into a vertical grouting branch pipe, a horizontal grouting branch pipe and a haunching grouting branch pipe, a spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device at a position close to the cylindrical drilling assembly, a spray head of the horizontal grouting branch pipe extends into the horizontal drilling assembly at a position close to the horizontal drilling device, and a spray head of the haunching grouting branch pipe extends into the haunching drilling assembly at a position close to the haunching drilling device; and grouting valves are arranged at the positions of the spray heads, telescopic pipes are adopted by the pipe body parts of the horizontal grouting branch pipes, which are positioned in the horizontal drilling assembly, so as to move back and forth along with the horizontal drilling device, and telescopic pipes are adopted by the pipe body parts of the haunching grouting branch pipes, which are positioned in the haunching drilling reaction frames, so as to stretch and retract along with the rotation of the haunching drilling device.

The vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components arranged on the U-shaped fork plate, wherein the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylindrical drills and motors for driving the two cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills comprise cylinders, a plurality of hob components arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer components arranged between the adjacent hob components, each hob component comprises a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, and each reamer component comprises a reamer base and a reamer obliquely fixed on the reamer base; the shell of the motor is fixed on the steel support, and the motor drives the cylinders at two sides to rotate;

1. In the step S2 and the step S5, in the process that all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine vertically drill down rock strata, a grouting valve at a spray head of the horizontal grouting branch pipe and a slag sucking valve at a suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe are closed, a grouting valve at a spray head of the haunching grouting branch pipe and a slag sucking valve at a suction head of the haunching slag sucking branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject slurry into a rock surface where the vertical drilling devices drill, and meanwhile, the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck a mixture of the crushed rock blocks and slurry of the vertical drilling devices into the crushing device, and the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry and then delivering the mixture into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

in step S3, in the process that the haunching drill device on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunching hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, outwards rotates to drill a rock stratum to form the haunching hole, the grouting valve at the spray head of the horizontal grouting branch pipe and the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe and the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the spray head of the haunching grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject slurry to the rock surface where the haunching drill device drills, and meanwhile, the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the haunching slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck the mixture of crushed rock and slurry of the haunching drill device into the crushing device, and the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the mixture of the sucked rock and slurry and then sends the mixture of the crushed rock and slurry into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

In step S4, in the process of driving the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine near the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, closing the grouting valve at the vertical grouting branch pipe nozzle and the slag suction valve at the vertical slag suction branch pipe suction head, closing the grouting valve at the haunched grouting branch pipe nozzle and the slag suction valve at the haunched slag suction branch pipe suction head, and opening the grouting valve at the horizontal grouting branch pipe nozzle to perform continuous slurry injection on the rock surface where the horizontal drilling device drills, and simultaneously opening the slag suction valve at the horizontal slag suction branch pipe suction head to suck the mixture of crushed rock and slurry of the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device, and sending the mixture of the sucked rock and slurry into the stirring tank for stirring after secondary crushing by the crushing device; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the mixture of the rock mass and the slurry in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) According to different sizes of the rectangular pile holes, arranging corresponding number of drilling machines which form a rectangular structure on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machines so as to drill the rectangular pile holes;

(2) Based on the depth of the pile hole to be drilled, a drill rod or a cable can be selected to realize hoisting connection of the drilling machine; a horizontal drilling assembly capable of horizontally stretching and contracting and an armpit drilling assembly capable of outwards and rotatably digging are arranged on the vertical drilling device in a combined mode, and therefore rectangular anti-slide pile holes with the armpit holes and the horizontal cantilever structure are drilled in an earthen stratum or a rock stratum;

(3) The horizontal cantilever structure with the haunching and the vertical pile body can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, so that the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost are achieved;

(4) Aiming at the soil stratum, the construction environment is improved and the slurry cost is saved by combining vacuum slag suction and slurry slag discharge; aiming at a rock stratum, the drilling interface is supplemented with injection mud and rock blocks to be mixed so as to realize suction, and the rock blocks are crushed for the second time through a crushing box, so that pile holes are better discharged, and the blockage of a slag discharge pipe is prevented;

(5) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, the uninterrupted synchronous running of drilling and deslagging is realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved;

(6) The rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever and the haunching structure can be drilled in the rock stratum through the telescopic horizontal cylindrical drill with the reamer and the hob distributed at intervals and the rotatable haunching cylindrical drill.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view (one) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the positions of the cross sections of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view (II) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the vertical drilling apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a D-D sectional view of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a side view of a horizontal drill assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of FIG. 11 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the G-G of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view H-H of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a side view of the haunch drill assembly of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view I-I of FIG. 15 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a J-J cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of K-K of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the L-L of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of M-M of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic top view of a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever in an asynchronous drilling operation capable of reaming in accordance with the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the steps of a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever in an asynchronous drilling method capable of reaming in embodiment 1 of the invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a cylindrical drill assembly according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

as shown in fig. 1-26, the labels in the figures are respectively:

1. the vertical drilling device comprises a vertical drilling device, a horizontal drilling assembly, a haunching drilling assembly, a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag sucking system, a pipeline fixing frame, a slag discharging system, a grouting system and a drill carriage, wherein the vertical drilling device, the horizontal drilling assembly, the haunching drilling assembly, the stirring device, the crushing device, the slag sucking system, the pipeline fixing frame, the slag discharging system, the grouting system and the drill carriage are arranged in sequence;

11. the cylindrical drilling assembly, 12. U-shaped fork plates, 111. Cylinders, 112. Reamer assembly, 113. Hob assembly, 114. Motor, 115. Motor shaft, 116. Stirring cutter assembly, 121. Wing plates, 122. Web, 123. Steel support, 124. Shaft hole, 125. Vertical slag suction branch pipe through hole, 126. Vertical grouting branch pipe through hole, 1121. Reamer base, 1122. Reamer, 1131. Hob base, 1132. Hob;

21. the horizontal drilling device comprises a horizontal drilling device 22, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 23, a horizontal drilling reaction frame 211, a horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole 212, a horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole 231, a horizontal hydraulic side guard plate 232, a horizontal hydraulic upper side plate 233, a horizontal hydraulic lower side plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 235, a slag suction main pipe through hole 236 and a grouting main pipe through hole;

31. The hydraulic system comprises a haunching drill device 32, a rotary hydraulic cylinder 33, a crank hydraulic cylinder 34, a haunching drill reaction frame 311, a U-shaped connector 3111, a bottom plate 3112, an upper swing plate 3113, a connecting shaft hole 3114, a connecting shaft 3115, a crank shaft 312, a haunching drill wing plate 313, a haunching drill web plate 314, a haunching slag suction branch pipe through hole 315, a haunching grouting branch pipe through hole 341, a haunching hydraulic side guard plate 342, a haunching hydraulic upper side plate 343, a haunching hydraulic lower side plate 344, a haunching hydraulic reaction plate 345, a lower swing plate 346 and a hinged seat.

41. Stirring box 42, double-layer big blade 43, stirring main rotating shaft 44, double-layer small blade 45, stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 46, single-layer small blade 47, main gear, 48, a main gear isolation pad, 49, an auxiliary gear, 410, an auxiliary gear isolation pad, 411, a steel cover plate, 412, a stirring motor, 413 and a vertical drill rod;

51. the crushing box 52, the middle partition plate 53, the connecting pipe 54, the rack 55, the fan motor 56, the fan blades 57, the crushing knife 58 and the screen;

61. the slag sucking main pipe comprises a vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62, a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63, a haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64, a telescopic pipe 65, a suction head 66, a vertical slag sucking valve 67, a horizontal slag sucking valve 68 and a haunching slag sucking valve 69;

71. the grouting device comprises a top steel plate, a middle steel plate, a bottom steel plate, a side vertical plate, a square through hole, a slag discharge pipe fixing hole and a grouting pipe fixing hole, wherein the top steel plate, the middle steel plate, the bottom steel plate, the side vertical plate, the square through hole and the slag discharge pipe fixing hole are respectively arranged in sequence, the slag discharge pipe fixing hole and the grouting pipe fixing hole are respectively arranged in sequence, and the slag discharge pipe fixing hole is respectively arranged in the slag discharge pipe fixing hole and the grouting pipe fixing hole;

81. Slag discharging pipe 82. Slag discharging pump;

91. the grouting device comprises a grouting main pipe, 92, a grouting pump, 93, a vertical grouting branch pipe, 94, a horizontal grouting branch pipe, 95, a haunching grouting branch pipe, 96, a spray head, 97, a vertical grouting valve, 98, a horizontal grouting valve and 99;

101. winch motor 102, fixed shaft 103, cable 104, cable bracket 105, steel cantilever beam 106, slide block 107, steel upright post 108, guide rail 109, hinge shaft 1010, pull rod 1011, vehicle-mounted platform 1012;

a. rock-soil stratum b, drilling machine c, free section pile hole d, armpit hole e, horizontal cantilever pile hole f, embedding section pile hole and g, pile hole to be dug.

Detailed Description

The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings, to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

example 1: as shown in fig. 1-22, the embodiment specifically relates to a method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by reaming and asynchronous drilling, in which a rock-soil stratum a and rectangular deep-hole slide-resistant piles are taken as an example for illustration, and specifically comprises the following steps:

(S1) combining a plurality of drills b according to the rectangular pile hole size to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the rectangular pile hole size. The method comprises the steps of installing a drill carriage 10 and a drilling machine b on the ground of a construction site, wherein the drilling machine b is hoisted by the lower end of a cable 103 on the drill carriage 10, and sequentially comprises a pipeline fixing frame 7, a slag body treatment mechanism, a haunching drill assembly 3, a horizontal drill assembly 2 and a vertical drill device 1 from top to bottom, wherein the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device 4, a crushing device 5, a slag suction system 6, a slag discharge system 8 and a grouting system 9.

As shown in fig. 1, the drill carriage 10 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 1011, a steel upright post 107, a pull rod 1010, a hinge shaft 109, a guide rail 108, a sliding block 106, a steel cantilever beam 105, a cable bracket 104, a winch motor 101, a fixed shaft 102 and a cable 103, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 1011 has a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright post 107 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011, the pull rod 1010 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcement effect on the steel upright post 107, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post 107, and the lower end is hinged with the hinge shaft 109 of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011; the guide rail 108 is attached and fixed along the steel upright post 107 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 106 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 108 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 105 is fixed on the sliding block 106, the cable bracket 104 is fixed on the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 105, the winch motor 101 is fixed on the steel cantilever beam 105 through the fixed shaft 102, and the winch motor 101 is used for driving the cable 103 and a drilling machine hoisted at the lower end of the cable 103 to do lifting motion. Moreover, the drilling machine can move downwards under the dead weight pressure of the drilling machine due to the fact that the dead weight of the drilling machine is large, the effect that a drill rod is required to be pressed downwards in the past is not needed, and the cable 103 has a sufficient length, so that the drilling requirement for a rectangular deep hole can be met.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the vertical drilling device 1 is used for drilling rectangular deep holes, and mainly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 and a U-shaped fork plate 12 used as a mounting frame, wherein the U-shaped fork plate 12 mainly comprises a web 122 and wing plates 121 positioned on two sides of the web 122, and steel supports 123 are vertically welded in the middle position of the web 122 based on the number of the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11. The cylindrical drill assembly 11 is composed of two cylindrical drills, a motor 113 and a motor shaft 114, in this embodiment, the number of cylindrical drills is 4, and the cylindrical drills are distributed in a matrix form to form rectangular cutting surfaces, and rectangular pile holes are formed in the downward cutting process, wherein the matrix distribution refers to that the cylindrical drills are respectively arranged at two sides of the steel support 123. The cylindrical drill comprises a cylinder 111, a plurality of hob assemblies 113 distributed on the surface of the cylinder 111 at intervals, and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 distributed between adjacent hob assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111 at intervals, a centrally arranged steel support 123 is welded or bolted with the shell of a motor 114, a motor rotating shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the cylinders 111 on two sides to rotate, and the end parts of the motor rotating shaft 115 are supported in rotating shaft holes 124 of wing plates 121 on two sides. As shown in fig. 6-9, the height of the hob assembly 113 protruding above the cylinder 111 is higher than the reamer assembly 112, so that when cutting a rock mass, the hob 1132 on the hob assembly 113 first contacts the rock mass, i.e., the hob assembly 113 first breaks the rock face in its entirety into a plurality of large pieces of rock, and then further twists the large pieces of rock on the excavated face into small diameter rock pieces (or slag) by the reamer assembly 112; hob assembly 113 includes a hob base 1131 and a ring of hob 1132 secured to hob base 1131; the reamer assembly 112 includes a reamer base 1121 and a reamer 1122, and the reamer 1122 is in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the reamer base 1121 to facilitate the reaming of a rock formation. For rock mass, if the hob 1132 is adopted to directly crush the rock mass of the excavated surface or the reamer 1122 is directly used for cutting, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the hob and reamer materials are required to meet higher requirements, so that the development difficulty of the hob and reamer materials is increased, and the construction cost is increased. The hob 1132 and the reamer 1122 are combined, and the hob 1132 only fractures the rock mass of the excavated surface, so that the strength of the rock mass is reduced, the reamer 1122 is beneficial to cutting the rock mass more easily, the requirements on the strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of the hob and the reamer material can be correspondingly reduced, and the wear of the reamer and the hob can be reduced. Therefore, the method of combining the rock mass with the low strength after the hob 1132 is firstly used for fracturing the rock mass with the excavated face and then the reamer 1122 is used for cutting the rock mass with the low strength after the fracturing is adopted, so that the working efficiency can be improved, the cutter abrasion can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced.

In addition, a plurality of vertical slag sucking branch pipe through holes 125 and vertical grouting branch pipe through holes 126 are formed in the web 122, wherein the vertical slag sucking branch pipe through holes 125 are arranged so that the suction heads 66 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes 62 in the slag sucking system 6 extend into the U-shaped fork plates 12 to suck the excavated rock slag; the vertical grouting branch pipe through holes 126 can facilitate the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 on the grouting system 9 to penetrate through and extend into the U-shaped fork plate 12 for supplementary grouting, so as to mix with the cut and broken rock slag to form slurry fluid, and the suction of the vertical slag suction branch pipe 62 is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 1-4 and 10-12, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 is used for excavating a horizontal cantilever pile hole, and mainly comprises a horizontal drilling reaction frame 23, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 and a horizontal drilling device 21. The horizontal drill reaction frame 23 is of a laterally open box-type structure, and comprises a horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic upper side plate 232 mounted above the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic lower side plate 233 mounted below the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, and horizontal hydraulic side guard plates 231 mounted on two sides of the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, so as to form the open box-type structure. The number of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 is required to ensure that the horizontal drilling device 21 can be stably pushed or retracted, the horizontal drilling device 21 is provided with an upper group and a lower group to drill rectangular pile holes of a horizontal cantilever, based on the two groups, the rear ends of cylinder barrels of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 are fixed on the horizontal hydraulic counter-force plates 234, the front ends of piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 are connected with a mounting frame of the horizontal drilling device 21 to drive the horizontal drilling device 21 to do lateral horizontal telescopic movement towards an opening direction, the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 drive the horizontal drilling device 21 forward under the counter-force support provided by the horizontal drilling counter-force frame 23 to cut and drill rock bodies to form the rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever, and after the rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever are excavated, the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 drive the horizontal drilling device 21 to retract into a box space of the horizontal drilling counter-force frame 23. It should be noted that the horizontal drilling device 21 has the same structure as the cylindrical drilling assembly 11, and also adopts a hob assembly and a reamer assembly to adapt to the rock stratum; in addition, a slag suction main pipe through hole 235 is formed in the horizontal hydraulic upper side plate 232, a horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole 211 and a horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole 212 are formed in a mounting frame partition plate of the horizontal drilling device 21, a slag suction main pipe 61 in the slag suction system 6 extends into a box space of the horizontal drilling reaction frame 23 through the slag suction main pipe through hole 235, and a horizontal slag suction branch pipe 63 forked on the slag suction main pipe 61 extends into a position of the horizontal drilling device 21 through the horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole 211 so as to suck excavated mud slag (rock slag and mud mixture); the branched horizontal grouting branch pipes 94 on the grouting main pipe 91 extend to the position close to the horizontal drilling device 21 through the horizontal grouting branch pipe through holes 212 for supplementary grouting so as to mix with the cut and broken rock slag to form slurry fluid which is convenient for the suction of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 63.

As shown in fig. 1-4 and 13-16, the haunching drill assembly 3 includes a haunching drill device 31, a rotary hydraulic cylinder 32, a crank hydraulic cylinder 33, and a haunching drill reaction frame 34; wherein: the haunching drill reaction frame 34 includes a haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344, haunching hydraulic side guard plates 341 arranged on both sides of the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344, a haunching hydraulic upper side plate 342 arranged on the top of the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344, and a haunching hydraulic lower side plate 343 arranged on the bottom of the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344, so that the haunching drill reaction frame 34 forms a box-shaped structure with lateral openings. The haunching drill device 31 is arranged in a box of the haunching drill reaction frame 34 and positioned at an opening part of the haunching drill reaction frame, and comprises haunching drill wing plates 312, haunching drill webs 313, U-shaped connectors 311 and a plurality of haunching cylindrical drill components, the haunching drill wing plates 312 are arranged on two sides of the haunching drill webs 313 to form mounting frame bodies of the haunching cylindrical drill components, the haunching cylindrical drill components are distributed on a vertical surface and a top surface at intervals, the structure adopted by the haunching cylindrical drill components is the same as that adopted by the cylindrical drill components 11, and the hob components and the reamer components are adopted to adapt to a rock stratum. The U-shaped connector 311 is disposed at the bottom of the haunched drill web 313 for articulation with a lower swing plate 345 on the haunched hydraulic lower side plate 343. The U-shaped connector 311 comprises a bottom plate 3111 and upper swing plates 3112 welded to both sides of the bottom plate 3111, wherein the bottom plate 3111 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the haunched drill web 313 and the bottom of the haunched drill wing plate 312, the upper swing plates 3112 are semi-arc-shaped and are hinged to the lower swing plates 345 via connecting shafts 3114, and the connecting shafts 3114 penetrate through the lower swing plates 345 and connecting shaft holes 3113 in the upper swing plates 3112. One end of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 32 is hinged to the haunching hydraulic counterforce plate 344, the other end of the rotary hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the hinged support 346 on the back surface of the haunching drill web 313, and the hinged support 346 is positioned in the middle or upper part of the haunching drill web 313; in addition, one end of the crank cylinder 33 is hinged to the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344, and the other end is hinged to the upper swing plate 3112 via the crank shaft 3115, it is to be noted that the hinge base hinged to the crank cylinder 33 on the haunching hydraulic reaction plate 344 and the connecting shaft 3114 are at the same horizontal position, and the crank shaft 3115 is located right under the connecting shaft 3114; with the connecting shaft 3114 as a rotation center, the rotary hydraulic cylinder 32 pushes the haunching drill device 31 outwards to rotate around the connecting shaft 3114, and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 assists the haunching drill device 31 to rotate around the connecting shaft 3114, so that the aim of forming haunching pile holes by driving the haunching drill device 31 outwards in a combined mode through the rotary hydraulic cylinder 32 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 is achieved. The method has the advantages that: first, increasing the cutting force of the haunching drill device 31 during the rotary cutting of the rock formation; and secondly to increase the stability of the haunching drill device 31 during the rotary cutting of the rock formation. In addition, a first through hole is formed in the haunching hydraulic counterforce plate 344, and a haunching slag suction branch pipe through hole 314 is formed in the haunching drill web 313, and the haunching slag suction branch pipe 64 is branched from the slag suction main pipe 61 in the slag suction system 6, so that the suction head 66 extends into the haunching drill device 31 to suck the excavated sludge (a mixture of rock slag and slurry) through the first through hole in the haunching hydraulic counterforce plate 344 and the slag suction branch pipe through hole 314 in the haunching drill web 313. Also, a second through hole is formed on the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate 344, and a haunching grouting branch pipe through hole 315 is formed on the haunching drill web 313, and the spray head 96 of the haunching grouting branch pipe 95 in the grouting system 9 extends into the haunching drill device 31 for supplementary grouting through the second through hole on the haunching hydraulic counter-force plate 344 and the haunching grouting branch pipe through hole 315 on the haunching drill web 313 so as to mix with the cut and crushed rock slag to form slurry fluid, thereby facilitating the suction of the haunching slag suction branch pipe 64. In order to accommodate the rotational movement of the haunching drill device 31, the haunching slag suction manifold 64 and the haunching grouting manifold 95 take the form of telescoping tubes.

As shown in fig. 1-20, the slag body processing mechanism comprises a stirring device 4, a crushing device 5, a slag sucking system 6, a slag discharging system 8 and a grouting system 9.

The stirring device 4 comprises a stirring box 41 and a stirring mechanism, the stirring box 41 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the haunched drill reaction frame 34, the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear 47 and a plurality of auxiliary gears 49 meshed with the main gear 47, wherein the main gear 47 is driven to rotate by a stirring motor 412 so as to drive the auxiliary gears 49 to rotate, a stirring main rotating shaft 43 extending into the stirring box 41 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 47, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft 43, and the stirring blades adopt double-layer large blades 42; each auxiliary gear 49 is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 45 extending into the stirring box 41, the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 45 is also provided with stirring blades, part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 45 adopt double-layer small blades 44, and the other part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 45 adopt single-layer small blades 46, so that evenly mixed slurry can be obtained by stirring the slurry body containing rock slag in the stirring box 41, and the slurry is favorable for discharge. In order to avoid that slurry in the stirring tank 41 permeates into the gear box where the main gear 47 and the auxiliary gear 49 are located during stirring, a main gear isolation pad 48 is arranged at the joint of the stirring main rotating shaft 43 and the stirring tank 41, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is arranged at the joint of the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 45 and the stirring tank 41. As shown in fig. 4, a steel cover 411 is arranged on the top of the gear box where the main gear 47 and the auxiliary gear 49 are arranged, and is used for being connected with the pipe fixing frame 7. The stirring tank 41 is provided with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

The slag sucking system 6 is connected to the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 41, the slag sucking system 6 mainly comprises a slag sucking main pipe 61, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62, a horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63, an axillary slag sucking branch pipe 64 and a crushing device 5, one end of the slag sucking main pipe 61 is communicated with the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 41 through the crushing device 5, the other end (namely, a sucking end) of the slag sucking main pipe 61 is branched into the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62, the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63 and the axillary slag sucking branch pipe 64, as shown in fig. 4, the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62 extends into the vertical drilling device 1, a suction head 66 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 62 is close to the cylindrical drilling component 11 so that the suction head can suck the dredged mud (a rock slag and mud mixture), and a vertical slag sucking valve 67 is arranged at the suction head 66 for controlling the on-off of a pipeline. The horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63 extends into the horizontal drilling assembly 2, the suction head 66 of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63 is close to the horizontal drilling device 21 so that the suction head 66 can suck the cut and dug mud slag (a rock slag and mud mixture), and a horizontal slag sucking valve 68 is arranged at the suction head 66 and used for controlling the on-off of a pipeline, wherein part of the pipeline of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe 63 is in the form of a telescopic pipe 65 so as to adapt to the front-back movement of the horizontal drilling device 21. The haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64 extends into the haunching drill assembly 3, the suction head 66 of the haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64 is close to the haunching drill device 31 so that the haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64 can suck and cut out dredged mud (a rock slag and mud mixture), an haunching slag sucking valve 69 is arranged at the suction head 66 and used for controlling on-off of a pipeline, and the haunching slag sucking branch pipe 64 adopts a telescopic pipe mode in order to adapt to the rotation action of the haunching drill device 31.

The pumped sludge is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 5 and then enters the stirring tank 41, the crushing device 5 mainly comprises a crushing tank 51, a middle partition plate 52, a connecting pipe 53, a frame 54, a fan motor 55, a fan blade 56, a crushing blade 57 and a filter screen 58, the middle partition plate 52 is obliquely arranged in the crushing tank 51 to form a ramp which is beneficial to the flow of the sludge, the fan motor 55 is arranged on a top plate in the crushing tank 51 through the frame 54, the fan blade 56 is arranged on a rotating shaft of the fan motor 55, the fan motor 55 and the fan blade 56 rotating at high speed can form negative pressure suction in a sludge suction main pipe 61, a crushing blade 57 is arranged at the installation position of the fan motor 55, so that the pumped sludge (a mixture of the sludge and the rock) can enter the stirring tank 41 through the connecting pipe 53 after being crushed by the crushing blade 57, and the end face of the fan motor 55 is provided with the filter screen 58 to filter the large-particle rock sludge, and prevent the rock sludge from flowing into the stirring tank 41 from the fan motor 55.

The grouting system 9 mainly comprises a main grouting pipe 91, a grouting pump 92, a vertical grouting branch pipe 93, a horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 and an armpit grouting branch pipe 95, since the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine in the embodiment is applied to a rock stratum, the cut rock slag is the rock slag, and granular pure solid is difficult to be pumped and transported, so that the grouting system 9 mainly aims at pumping the supplemented slurry to the cutting part, so that the rock slag and the slurry are mixed for being convenient for pumping, and the grouting pump 92 is responsible for pumping operation. The grouting pipe 91 extends into the haunching drill grouting 3, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the vertical drilling device 1 from the ground, the lower port of the grouting pipe is bifurcated into a haunching grouting branch pipe 95, a horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 and a vertical grouting branch pipe 93, the grouting pipe extends into the haunching drill assembly 3, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the vertical drilling device 1 respectively for pumping slurry, the injection end of the haunching grouting branch pipe 95 is a spray head 96, the haunching grouting valve 99 is arranged at the spray head 96, the injection end of the horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 is a spray head 96, the horizontal grouting valve 98 is arranged at the spray head 96, and the injection end of the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 is a spray head 96 and the vertical grouting valve 97 is arranged at the spray head 96; in the drilling process, the on-off of the haunching grouting valve 99, the horizontal grouting valve 98 and the vertical grouting valve 97 is determined according to whether the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine is used for downwards excavating rectangular drilling holes or laterally excavating horizontal cantilever pile holes or excavating haunching holes.

The slag discharging port of the stirring box 41 is connected with a slag discharging system 8 from the ground, the slag discharging system 8 comprises a slag discharging pipe 81 and a slag discharging pump 82, the lower end of the slag discharging pipe 81 is communicated with the slag discharging port of the stirring box 81, and the port of the slag discharging pipe extends downwards to a certain depth so as to facilitate pumping more slurry, and the slag discharging pipe 81 pumps the uniformly stirred slurry from the stirring box 41 to the ground through the slag discharging pump 82 for collection.

As shown in fig. 1 to 14 and 20, the pipe fixing frame 7 has a box-shaped structure, and includes a top steel plate 71, a middle steel plate 72, a bottom steel plate 73, and a plurality of side vertical plates 74 connecting the three, in addition, square through holes 75 are formed in the bottom steel plate 73 of the pipe fixing frame 7 for mounting the stirring motor 412, and in addition, slag pipe fixing holes 76 through which slag pipes 81 pass and grouting pipe fixing holes 77 through which grouting main pipes 91 pass are formed in the top steel plate 71, the middle steel plate 72 and the bottom steel plate 73. In order to avoid pipe wobble during drilling, the pipe holder 7 may provide a fixing for each pipe passing.

As shown in fig. 21, in this embodiment, when a pile hole g to be dug is drilled on a rock-soil layer a, two or four drilling machines b may be provided on a rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine, and when two drilling machines b are provided, a free-section pile hole c, a haunched hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drilling machines (synchronous operation); when four drills b are provided, a free-section pile hole c is drilled by the four drills b (synchronous operation), and a haunched hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drills b (synchronous operation) provided near the excavated portions of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

(S2) before preparing to drill downwards, the horizontal drilling devices 21 in the horizontal drilling assemblies 2 on all drilling machines b are in minimum stroke and stand by, and the arming drilling devices 31 in the arming drilling assemblies 3 (on all drilling machines b) are in an arming drill reaction frame 34 and are in a vertical state as shown in fig. 22; then controlling the vertical drilling devices 1 on all drilling machines b to vertically drill the rock-soil stratum a downwards until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e so as to form a free section pile hole c of the rectangular pile hole;

during this down-hole process, the shower nozzles 96 on the vertical grouting branch pipes 93 are continuously opened by the vertical grouting valves 97 (on all drilling rigs b) to perform continuous slurry injection onto the rock face where the vertical drilling apparatus 1 is drilling, the shower nozzles 96 on the horizontal grouting branch pipes 94 are closed by the horizontal grouting valves 98 (on all drilling rigs b), and the shower nozzles 96 on the haunching grouting branch pipes 95 are closed by the haunching grouting valves 99 (on all drilling rigs b);

at the same time, the suction heads 66 of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes 63 and the haunched slag sucking branch pipes 64 (on all drilling machines b) are closed, and the suction heads 66 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes 62 (on all drilling machines b) are opened to continuously suck slag so as to suck the mixture of the crushed rock mass and the slurry of the vertical drilling device 1 into the crushing device 5, and the crushing device 5 crushes the mixture of the sucked rock mass and the slurry for the second time and sends the crushed mixture into the stirring box 41 for stirring; the slag discharging system 8 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 41 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S3) as shown in fig. 22, stopping the vertical drilling device 1 (on all the drilling machines b) from drilling and maintaining at the depth, starting the haunching drill assembly 3 on the drilling machine b arranged near the haunching hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, gradually rotating the haunching drill device 31 outwards with the connecting shaft 3114 as the rotating shaft and simultaneously performing roll-cutting on the rock-soil stratum a under the driving of the rotating hydraulic cylinder 32 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 until the haunching drill device 31 rotates from the vertical state to the horizontal state, and performing cumulative rotation for 90 degrees to form the haunching hole d;

in this process, the shower nozzles 96 on the haunched branch pipes 95 are continuously opened by the haunched grouting valves 99 (on the drilling machine b disposed near the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e excavation part) to perform continuous slurry injection onto the rock face where the haunched drill device 31 is drilled, and the shower nozzles 96 on the horizontal grouting branch pipes 94 are closed by the horizontal grouting valves 98 (on all the drilling machines b), and the shower nozzles 96 on the vertical grouting branch pipes 93 are closed by the vertical grouting valves 97 (on all the drilling machines b);

at the same time, the suction heads 66 of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes 63 and the vertical slag sucking branch pipes 62 (on all drilling machines b) are closed, and the suction heads 66 of the haunching slag sucking branch pipes 64 (on the drilling machines b arranged near the excavation parts of the haunching holes d and the horizontal cantilever pile holes e) are opened to continuously suck slag so as to suck the mixture of the crushed rock mass and the slurry of the haunching drilling device 31 into the crushing device 5, and the crushing device 5 crushes the mixture of the sucked rock mass and the slurry for the second time and sends the crushed rock mass and the slurry into the stirring box 41 for stirring; the slag discharging system 8 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 41 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S4) as shown in FIG. 22, controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 (on a drilling machine b arranged near the digging parts of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) to drive a horizontal drilling device 21 to horizontally move outwards to drill to a designed length so as to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e;

in the horizontal drilling process, continuously opening a spray head 96 on a horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 through a horizontal grouting valve 98 (on a drilling machine b arranged near the excavation part of a haunching hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e) to perform continuous slurry injection on a rock surface where the horizontal drilling device 21 is drilled, closing the spray head 96 on the haunching grouting branch pipe 95 through haunching grouting valves 99 (on all drilling machines b), and closing the spray head 96 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 through a vertical grouting valve 97 (on all drilling machines b);

at the same time, the suction heads 66 of the haunched slag suction branch pipes 64 and the vertical slag suction branch pipes 62 (on all drilling machines b) are closed, and the suction heads 66 of the horizontal slag suction branch pipes 63 (on the drilling machines b arranged near the haunched holes d and the horizontal cantilever pile holes e) are opened to continuously suck slag so as to suck the mixture of the crushed rock mass and the slurry of the horizontal drilling device 21 into the crushing device 5, and the crushing device 5 crushes the mixture of the sucked rock mass and the slurry for the second time and sends the crushed rock mass and the slurry into the stirring box 41 for stirring; the slag discharging system 8 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 41 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S5) after the construction of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is completed, as shown in FIG. 22, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 (on a drilling machine b arranged near the excavated part of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) drives a horizontal drilling device 21 to shrink inwards to a minimum stroke, and a rotary hydraulic cylinder 32 and a crank hydraulic cylinder 33 drive a haunched drilling device 31 to rotate and reset to a vertical state; then, the vertical drilling device 1 (on all drilling machines b) is used for continuously drilling to the designed depth to form a pile hole f of the embedded section, in the process, slurry injection is continuously carried out through the spray heads 96 of the vertical grouting branch pipes 93 (on all drilling machines b), and the haunching grouting branch pipes 95 (on all drilling machines b) and the spray heads 96 on the horizontal grouting branch pipes 94 are closed; at the same time, the suction heads 66 of the vertical suction manifold 62 (on all drills b) continue to suck the slag, while the suction heads 66 of the horizontal suction manifold 63 and the haunched suction manifold 64 (on all drills b) are closed.

In this embodiment, the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled simultaneously by the haunched assembly 3 and the horizontal drilling assembly 2, or the haunched hole d is formed by the haunched assembly 3 being rotated outwards, then the horizontal drilling assembly 2 drills the horizontal cantilever pile hole e by driving the horizontal drilling device 21 to horizontally elongate laterally by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22, or the horizontal drilling assembly 2 drills the horizontal cantilever pile hole e by driving the horizontal drilling device 21 to horizontally elongate laterally by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22, and then the haunched hole d is formed by the haunched assembly 3 being rotated outwards.

The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

(2) The horizontal cantilever and rectangular pile holes with haunched structures are drilled in deep rock bodies through a cable, a telescopic horizontal cylindrical drill with a reamer and a hob which are distributed at intervals, and a rotatable haunched cylindrical drill;

(3) The haunched, the horizontal cantilever and the vertical pile body hole can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost;

(4) Rock is crushed for the second time through the crushing box, so that the pile hole can be better discharged, and the slag discharge pipe is prevented from being blocked;

(5) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, uninterrupted synchronous drilling and deslagging are realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved.

Example 2: the present embodiment relates to a method for mechanically forming holes in a reapable asynchronous rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever, and is different from embodiment 1 in that a rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua pile is required to be constructed in a rock-soil stratum a, and as shown in fig. 23, a drill carriage 10 is connected with a drilling machine through a vertical drill pipe 413.

The drill carriage 10 comprises a vehicle-mounted platform 1011, a steel upright post 107, a pull rod 1010, a hinge shaft 1099, a guide rail 108, a sliding block 106, a steel cantilever beam 105 and a rotating motor 1012, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 1011 is provided with a walking crawler wheel and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright post 107 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011, the pull rod 1010 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcement effect on the steel upright post 107, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post 107, and the lower end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the hinge shaft 109; the guide rail 108 is attached and fixed along the steel upright post 107 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 106 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 108 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 105 is fixed on the sliding block 106, the rotating motor 1012 is arranged on the steel cantilever beam 105, and the vertical drill rod 413 which is vertically arranged is driven to rotate by the rotating motor 1012 and can move along with the sliding block 96 in the vertical direction, namely, the vertical drill rod 413 can downwards drill under the driving of the sliding block 106.

When the drill carriage 10 is connected to the drilling machine by using the vertical drill pipe 413, the main gear 47 in the stirring mechanism is not required to be additionally provided with the stirring motor 412 to drive the main gear, and the lower end of the vertical drill pipe 413 can be directly connected to the main gear 47 to drive and rotate the main gear.

The remaining steps of the hole forming construction method in this embodiment are identical to those in embodiment 1, and will not be described again.

Example 3: the present embodiment specifically relates to a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever by reaming and asynchronous drilling, and the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the construction of a rectangular deep hole slide-resistant pile is required in an earthen stratum, so that the grouting system 9 and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 are improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 24, the grouting system 9 in the vertical drilling device 1, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the haunched drilling assembly 3 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 41, the drilled sludge can be pumped into the stirring tank 41 by the sludge suction system 6 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 9 can further adjust the concentration of the sludge by grouting into the stirring tank 41 so as to be beneficial to the sludge discharge system 8 to discharge the sludge mixture in the stirring tank 41.

As shown in fig. 25, the soil stratum is dug in this example, the soil stratum intensity is lower, the surface of the cylinder 111 of the cylinder drill assembly 11 is uniformly provided with a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies 116 instead, the stirring cutter assemblies 116 comprise a stirring cutter base and stirring cutters, and the stirring cutters are in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the stirring cutter base, so as to facilitate stirring and digging of soil. Likewise, the construction of the haunched cylindrical drill assembly in the haunched drill assembly 3 is identical to that of the cylindrical drill assembly 11, and the construction of the horizontal drill device 21 in the horizontal drill assembly 2 is identical to that of the cylindrical drill assembly 11.

Example 4: the present embodiment specifically relates to a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever by reaming and asynchronous drilling, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the construction of a rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua pile is required in an earthen stratum, so that the grouting system 9 and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 are improved, and the connection mode between the drill carriage 10 and the drilling machine is improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 26, the grouting system 9 in the vertical drilling device 1, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 and the haunched drilling assembly 3 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 41, the drilled sludge can be pumped into the stirring tank 41 by the sludge suction system 6 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 9 can further adjust the concentration of the sludge by grouting into the stirring tank 41 so as to be beneficial to the sludge discharge system 8 to discharge the sludge mixture in the stirring tank 41.

As shown in fig. 26, the drill carriage 10 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 1011, a steel upright post 107, a pull rod 1010, a hinge shaft 1099, a guide rail 108, a slider 106, a steel cantilever beam 105 and a rotating motor 1012, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 1011 has a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright post 107 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011, the pull rod 1010 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing function on the steel upright post 107, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 1010 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post 107, and the lower end is hinged with the hinge shaft 109; the guide rail 108 is attached and fixed along the steel upright post 107 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 106 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 108 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 105 is fixed on the sliding block 106, the rotating motor 1012 is arranged on the steel cantilever beam 105, and the vertical drill rod 413 which is vertically arranged is driven to rotate by the rotating motor 1012 and can move along with the sliding block 96 in the vertical direction, namely, the vertical drill rod 413 can downwards drill under the driving of the sliding block 106. When the drill carriage 10 is connected to the drilling machine by using the vertical drill pipe 413, the main gear 47 in the stirring mechanism is not required to be additionally provided with the stirring motor 412 to drive the same, and the lower end of the vertical drill pipe 413 can be directly connected to the main gear 47 to drive and rotate the same.

Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and thus are not repeated herein.

Claims

1. A mechanical hole forming method for a reamed asynchronous type drilling rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by reamers according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S1, the connection form between the driller and the drill carriage on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile holes, wherein the connection form is through vertical drill pipe connection or through cable connection;

3. The method for mechanically forming the holes on the rectangular piles with the haunched horizontal cantilevers by using the asynchronous drilling machine capable of reaming according to claim 2, wherein the drilling carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

4. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by using reamers according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the driller is an earthen stratum;

5. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by using an asynchronous drilling machine capable of reaming according to claim 4, wherein the vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling assemblies arranged on the U-shaped fork plate, and the cylindrical drilling assemblies are distributed in a matrix; the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylinders, a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies and a motor, the stirring cutter assemblies are all arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders, the motor drives the cylinders to rotate, the stirring cutter assemblies consist of a stirring cutter base and stirring cutters obliquely fixed on the stirring cutter base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders and is correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of the wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and the steel supports are welded on a motor shell;

6. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers for asynchronous drilling of claim 5, wherein in step S2 and step S5, in the process of drilling down soil formations vertically by the vertical drilling device on all the drilling machine, the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the haunched slag sucking branch pipes and the horizontal slag sucking branch pipes are closed, and the slag sucking valves at the suction heads of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes are opened to suck the broken sludge of the vertical drilling device into the breaking device, the breaking device breaks the sucked sludge for the second time and then sends the broken sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps the sludge into the stirring box in real time to mix with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

7. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by using reamers according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the driller is a rock stratum;

8. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers for asynchronous drilling of claim 7, wherein the vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components mounted on the U-shaped fork plate, the U-shaped fork plate is composed of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylindrical drills and motors for driving the two cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills comprise cylinders, a plurality of hob components arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer components arranged between the adjacent hob components, the hob components comprise a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, and the reamer components comprise reamer bases and cutters obliquely fixed on the hob base; the shell of the motor is fixed on the steel support, and the motor drives the cylinders at two sides to rotate;

9. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers in an asynchronous drilling method as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the steps S2 and S5, in the process of drilling rock strata vertically downwards by all vertical drilling devices on a drilling machine, a grouting valve at a nozzle of a horizontal grouting branch pipe and a slag sucking valve at a suction head of the horizontal slag sucking branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the nozzle of the haunched grouting branch pipe and the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the haunched slag sucking branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the nozzle of the vertical grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject slurry into a rock surface where the vertical drilling devices drill, and meanwhile, the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck a mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry of the vertical drilling devices into the crushing devices, and the crushing devices are used for crushing the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry again and then are sent into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;