CN117072058A

CN117072058A - Rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming step by step and drilling rectangular pile with haunched horizontal cantilever

Info

Publication number: CN117072058A
Application number: CN202311091196.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵璐; 黄昌富; 姚铁军; 张帅龙
Original assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-29
Filing date: 2023-08-29
Publication date: 2023-11-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles by reaming step-by-step drilling with haunched horizontal cantilevers, which comprises the following steps: combining a plurality of rectangular drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole; arranging a slag body treatment mechanism, a multifunctional drill assembly and a vertical drill device on each drilling machine; controlling all vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine to drill the stratum vertically downwards so as to form a free section; starting a multifunctional drilling assembly on a drilling machine which is arranged close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part to drill a stratum so as to form the haunched hole; controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder on a drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, to drive a multifunctional drilling device to move horizontally outwards to drill a stratum so as to form a horizontal cantilever pile hole; and continuously controlling all vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine to drill the stratum vertically downwards so as to form a built-in section. The invention has the advantages that: and setting rectangular drilling machines with corresponding numbers and rectangular structures on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machines according to different sizes of the rectangular pile holes so as to drill the rectangular pile holes.

Description

Rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming step by step and drilling rectangular pile with haunched horizontal cantilever

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment, and particularly relates to a rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and step-by-step drilling with a haunched horizontal cantilever.

Background

In the projects such as side slope support, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, tunnel entrance and exit construction and the like, the slide-resistant pile is the most effective measure capable of transmitting the side thrust of a rock-soil body into a stable stratum below a sliding surface, resisting the side thrust and treating the projects and geological disasters. The slide-resistant piles are divided into rectangular section slide-resistant piles and circular section slide-resistant piles. The rectangular anti-skid pile has the advantages of high lateral rigidity, high single pile bearing capacity and the like, and can effectively enhance the anti-skid force and improve the anti-skid coefficient. Therefore, rectangular-section slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields. The traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile has a larger section and can not fully utilize the strength of rock-soil mass in front of the pile. For the anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever structure, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of rock and soil mass in front of the pile, so that the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile is improved, but the hole forming difficulty of a horizontal cantilever pile hole of the rectangular anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever is extremely high. And traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile adopts artifical excavation and mechanical excavation mode generally, and the collapse that artifical hole pile construction caused accounts for 65% of the total number of collapse accident to inefficiency, with high costs, mechanical excavation is safer high-efficient. Therefore, the mechanical drilling of pile holes with the horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles in the rock and soil layers has important significance for ensuring the safety of constructors and improving the efficiency.

At present, rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment and mechanical excavation modes are various, for example:

the patent number CN 106836354A 'rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming device' is characterized in that a rectangular shovel head is formed by a plurality of cutting blades, and a counterweight or a hydraulic propulsion device is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head to drill rectangular pile holes.

The patent number CN 103244053A rectangular drilling machine mainly drives T-shaped cutter heads uniformly distributed at the lower parts of two steel frames to move in opposite directions and reciprocate through two cam bodies, and cuts soil into rectangular holes.

The patent number CN 104533300A rectangular drilling machine is characterized in that a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of a rectangular transmission case, cross-shaped long cutters are arranged on four sides of the rectangular transmission case, the conical drill bit drills to form a circular pile hole, and then the circular pile hole is trimmed into the rectangular pile hole through rotary cutting of the cross-shaped long cutters.

The patent No. CN 207715083U, a rectangular anti-slide pile hole-forming drilling machine, mainly sets a round drilling cylinder and a rectangular drilling cylinder at the bottom of a drill rod, the round drilling cylinder is screwed into a round pile hole, and then the rectangular pile hole is formed by cutting soil around the round pile hole through the rectangular drilling cylinder.

The patent No. CN 105951798A 'rectangular drilling machine' mainly uses a motor to drive four concave waist cylinders with stirring blades to cut soil body, and drills rectangular pile holes.

The existing drilling machine mainly forms vertical rectangular pile holes in a rock-soil body. But has the following problems: (1) The rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the haunched horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in the rock soil; (2) Other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the slag soil in the pile hole, and the drilling and deslagging equipment has low integration level, low construction efficiency and high cost.

In terms of a rectangular slide pile mechanical construction method, for example:

the patent No. CN 108678661A, square anti-slide pile pore-forming method and square drill bit for pore-forming, utilizes the circular drill bit of rotary drilling rig to drill at least one row of circular pilot holes along the length direction of the cross section of the square anti-slide pile pore sequentially, and the circular pilot holes of each row are connected, and the side wall of the square anti-slide pile pore is tangent with the edge of the adjacent circular pilot hole, then adopts the square drill bit to sweep the pore, so that the square drill bit cuts the residual soil downwards along the contour line of the square anti-slide pile pore, and circulates in sequence until the design requirement is met.

The patent number CN 110593753A 'quick mechanical drilling construction method of rectangular anti-slide pile', adopts a rotary drilling round drill bit to drill guiding holes at four corners, and the guiding holes are drilled until the elevation of the bottom of the designed pile is reached; then, trimming the guide holes by using a grooving machine in three parts, and constructing by using a grab bucket for three times: the first time along the long side leading hole position of the anti-slide pile is grabbed until the depth of the design hole is reached; the second time along the other long side leading hole position of the slide-resistant pile is grabbed until the depth of the design hole is reached; and grabbing the rest part in the middle for the third time until the depth of the designed hole is reached. If the soil is in contact with complex hard strata such as hard gingilite soil, calcareous cement layers and the like, the soil grabbing operation is stopped by the grooving machine, and the hard strata are broken by adopting a long-arm breaking hammer.

The patent number CN 110820733A 'an improved simple rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical quick hole forming construction method' mainly comprises the steps of rotary digging round pile holes twice, connecting the round pile holes and overexcavating the outline of the rectangular pile holes, and pouring the overexcavation part after placing a rectangular steel cylinder in the pile holes to form rectangular pile holes.

The patent number CN 110714460A 'a rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming construction method for reducing filling coefficient' and the patent number CN 113605387 'a rectangular anti-slide pile full-mechanical construction method' are both mainly characterized in that round pile holes are formed by rotary digging twice or more, the round pile holes are connected or partially overlapped and tangent to the outline of the rectangular pile hole, and slag digging and pore repairing are carried out on the inner periphery of the pile hole by a machine to form the rectangular pile hole.

The patent No. CN 111691408A, "construction method of rectangular anti-slide pile of soft rock stratum", mainly comprises the steps of firstly drilling a rectangular groove along the outline of a rectangular pile hole by a small-diameter rotary drilling tool, cutting the small-diameter pile hole tangentially with the outline of the rectangular pile hole, then drilling by a large-diameter rotary drilling tool and partially overlapping the small-diameter pile hole, and mechanically digging slag in the pile hole to repair the hole to form the rectangular pile hole.

But has the following problems: (1) The rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the haunched horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in the rock soil; (2) The hole repairing treatment is needed by adopting other mechanical or auxiliary measures, the drilling construction efficiency is low, the cost is high, and rectangular pile holes cannot be drilled at one time; (3) In actual engineering, pile hole sizes are various, and the existing rectangular anti-slide pile hole forming mechanical equipment is fixed in size and cannot cope with the change of pile hole sizes; (4) Other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the dregs in the pile holes, so that the construction cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and step-by-step drilling rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers, which combines a plurality of rectangular drilling machines to form rectangular structures corresponding to the sizes of the rectangular piles, and sequentially sets a slag body treatment mechanism, a multifunctional drilling assembly and a vertical drilling assembly on the drilling machines from top to bottom so as to drill rectangular anti-slide pile piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers step by step, namely, the vertical drilling device excavates the vertical rectangular piles by adopting cylindrical drilling assemblies distributed in a matrix form, then stops the work of the vertical drilling device after the vertical rectangular piles are excavated to the design depth with haunched horizontal cantilevers, outwards digs the rectangular piles to form haunched parts by the multifunctional drilling assemblies, and then drives the multifunctional drilling device to outwards move horizontally by a horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the multifunctional drilling assembly so as to drill the horizontal cantilever structures in rock soil, thereby forming horizontal cantilever holes with haunched horizontal cantilevers; and then retracting the multifunctional drilling device, rotating and resetting to a vertical state, and finally continuing to dig rectangular pile holes to the designed depth through the vertical drilling device.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and step-by-step drilling with a haunched horizontal cantilever is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: combining a plurality of rectangular drilling machines according to the size of the rectangular pile holes to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile holes; a slag body treatment mechanism, a multifunctional drill assembly and a vertical drill device are sequentially arranged on each drilling machine from top to bottom; wherein:

the multifunctional drill component comprises a multifunctional drill device, a rotary hydraulic cylinder, a crank hydraulic cylinder, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a multifunctional drill reaction frame, wherein the multifunctional drill reaction frame is of a box-shaped structure with a lateral opening, an upper swinging plate at the lower end of the multifunctional drill device and a lower swinging plate on the bottom surface of the multifunctional drill reaction frame are in rotary connection through a connecting shaft, the rotary hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the middle part or the upper part of the multifunctional drill device, the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the upper swinging plate through a crank shaft, and the crank shaft is positioned right below the connecting shaft; the lower swing plate is connected with the bottom surface of the multifunctional drill reaction frame in a sliding manner, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected with the lower swing plate and drives the lower swing plate to move in the horizontal direction;

The vertical drilling device comprises a plurality of cylindrical drilling components which are horizontally arranged and form a rectangular excavation surface;

s2: the multifunctional drilling devices on all the drilling machines are located in the box-shaped space of the multifunctional drilling reaction frame, the horizontal hydraulic cylinders on all the drilling machines are in a standby state with minimum travel, and the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines are controlled to vertically drill down into a stratum until the design depth of a horizontal cantilever is reached, so that a free section of the rectangular pile hole is formed;

s3: stopping drilling by the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines, starting the multifunctional drilling assembly on the drilling machines, which is arranged close to the haunching holes and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation parts, and gradually rotating outwards by taking the connecting shaft as a rotation center and simultaneously drilling stratum by the multifunctional drilling devices under the driving of the rotating hydraulic cylinder and the crank hydraulic cylinder until the multifunctional drilling devices rotate from a vertical state to a horizontal state so as to form the haunching holes;

s4: controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, to drive the multifunctional drilling device to horizontally move outwards to drill the stratum to the designed length so as to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole;

S5: retracting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, to a minimum stroke and stopping working, and enabling the multifunctional drilling device to return to a vertical state; and continuously controlling all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine to vertically drill the stratum downwards to the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole so as to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole.

In step S1, selecting a connection form between the drilling machine and a drill carriage positioned on the ground according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole, wherein the connection form is connected through a vertical drill rod or connected through a cable;

if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drilling rod, the vertical drilling rod is arranged on the drill carriage, and the lower end of the vertical drilling rod is connected with the drilling machine;

and if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drilling rod, arranging the cable on the drill carriage, and hoisting the drilling machine at the lower end of the cable.

The drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

When the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine by adopting the vertical drill rod, a rotating motor is arranged on the steel cantilever and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate;

when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine through the cable, a set of hoisting motors are fixedly arranged on the steel cantilever beam and drive the cable to hoist the drilling machine in the vertical direction, and a cable bracket is fixedly arranged below the steel cantilever beam.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is an earthen stratum;

the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system and a grouting system;

the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism; the stirring box is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port and a slurry inlet; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or driven by a stirring motor, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

The slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe and a multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe, wherein the vertical slag sucking branch pipe and the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe are branched from a suction port of the slag sucking main pipe, a suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the vertical drilling device, and a suction head of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe is connected into the multifunctional drilling device; a slag sucking valve is arranged at each suction head, and a telescopic pipe is adopted as a pipe body of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe;

the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein one port of the grouting main pipe is communicated with a grouting port on the stirring box so as to send slurry into the stirring box;

the slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and one port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with a slag discharging port on the stirring box so as to pump sludge in the stirring box to the ground for collection.

The vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components which are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate and distributed in a matrix, wherein the U-shaped fork plate is composed of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports which are vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylindrical drilling components and a motor for driving the cylindrical drilling components to rotate, the cylindrical drilling components are composed of a cylinder and a plurality of stirring knife components which are uniformly distributed on the surface of the cylinder, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinder on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of the wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel supports;

The multifunctional drill counterforce frame comprises a multifunctional hydraulic counterforce plate, a multifunctional hydraulic upper side plate arranged at the upper end of the multifunctional hydraulic counterforce plate, a multifunctional hydraulic lower side plate arranged at the lower end of the multifunctional hydraulic counterforce plate and multifunctional hydraulic side guard plates arranged at two sides of the multifunctional hydraulic counterforce plate, and the multifunctional hydraulic lower side plate is fixed on the vertical drill device; the rear end of the cylinder barrel of the rotary hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the multifunctional hydraulic counter-force plate through a hinged support, the rear end of the cylinder barrel of the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the multifunctional hydraulic counter-force plate through a hinged support, and the rear end of the cylinder barrel of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the multifunctional hydraulic counter-force plate; the upper swing plate is semicircular;

the multifunctional drilling device comprises a mounting frame and a plurality of multifunctional cylindrical drilling components positioned on the mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame consists of a multifunctional drilling web plate and multifunctional drilling wing plates positioned on two sides of the multifunctional drilling web plate, and each multifunctional cylindrical drilling component is distributed at intervals along the vertical surface and the top surface of the mounting frame;

the sliding connection between the lower swing plate and the bottom surface of the multifunctional drill reaction frame means that: the multifunctional hydraulic lower side plate is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove, the lower swing plate is provided with a T-shaped sliding block, and the T-shaped sliding block on the lower swing plate is assembled in the T-shaped sliding groove of the multifunctional hydraulic lower side plate to form sliding connection.

In the step S2 and the step S5, in the process of vertically downwards drilling the soil stratum by the vertical drilling devices on all drilling machines, a slag sucking valve at the suction head of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe is closed, and the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened so as to suck the sludge crushed by the vertical drilling devices into the crushing devices, the crushing devices crush the sucked sludge for the second time and then send the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps slurry into the stirring box in real time so as to mix the slurry with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

in the step S3, in the process that the multifunctional drilling device on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunching holes and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, outwards and rotationally drills the soil stratum to form haunching holes, a slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is closed, and the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck mud and slag crushed by the multifunctional drilling device into the crushing device, the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the sucked mud and slag and then sending the crushed mud and slag into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system is used for pumping mud into the stirring box in real time so as to mix the mud and slag; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

In step S4, in the process of driving the multifunctional drilling device to horizontally move outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine near the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, closing a slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe, and opening the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe to suck the sludge crushed by the multifunctional drilling device into the crushing device, and sending the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring after secondary crushing by the crushing device, wherein the grouting system pumps mud into the stirring box in real time to mix with the sludge; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the mud slag and mud mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is a rock stratum;

the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism arranged on the stirring box; the slag suction port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag suction system, and the slag discharge port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag discharge system; the grouting system is communicated into the multifunctional drill assembly and the vertical drill device; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven to rotate by a stirring motor or driven to rotate by the lower end of the vertical drill rod, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

the slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and the lower port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with the slag discharging port on the stirring box;

the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein the lower port of the grouting main pipe is bifurcated into a vertical grouting branch pipe and a multifunctional grouting branch pipe, a spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device at a position close to the cylindrical drilling assembly, and a spray head of the multifunctional grouting branch pipe extends into the multifunctional drilling assembly at a position close to the multifunctional drilling device; and grouting valves are arranged at the positions of the spray heads, and the pipe bodies of the multifunctional grouting branch pipes adopt telescopic pipes.

The vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components which are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate and distributed in a matrix, wherein the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylinders, a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hob components which are arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer components which are arranged between the adjacent hob components, each hob component comprises a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, and each reamer component comprises a reamer base and a reamer which is obliquely fixed on the reamer base; the motor is fixed on the steel support and drives the cylinder to rotate;

In the step S2 and the step S5, in the process that all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling machine vertically drill down rock strata, a grouting valve at a spray head of the multifunctional grouting branch pipe and a slag sucking valve at a suction head of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject slurry into a rock surface where the vertical drilling devices drill, and meanwhile, the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck a mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry of the vertical drilling devices into the crushing device, and the crushing device secondarily crushes the sucked rock blocks and slurry mixture and then sends the crushed rock blocks and slurry mixture into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

In the step S3, in the process that the multifunctional drilling device on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunching holes and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, outwards rotates to drill a rock stratum to form haunched holes, a grouting valve at a vertical grouting branch pipe nozzle and a slag sucking valve at a vertical slag sucking branch pipe suction head are closed, the grouting valve at the multifunctional grouting branch pipe nozzle is opened to continuously inject slurry to a rock surface where the multifunctional drilling device drills, and meanwhile, the slag sucking valve at the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe suction head is opened to suck a mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry of the multifunctional drilling device into the crushing device, and the crushing device secondarily crushes the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry and sends the mixture into the stirring box to stir; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

in step S4, in the process of driving the multifunctional drilling device to move horizontally outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine near the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, closing the grouting valve at the vertical grouting branch pipe nozzle and the slag suction valve at the vertical slag suction branch pipe suction head, opening the grouting valve at the multifunctional grouting branch pipe nozzle to perform continuous slurry injection on a rock surface where the multifunctional drilling device is drilled, and simultaneously opening the slag suction valve at the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe suction head to suck a mixture of crushed rock and slurry of the multifunctional drilling device into the crushing device, wherein the crushing device secondarily crushes the mixture of the sucked rock and slurry and sends the mixture into the stirring box to stir; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the mixture of the rock mass and the slurry in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) According to different sizes of the rectangular pile holes, rectangular drilling machines which correspond to the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machines in number and form a rectangular structure are arranged on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machines so as to drill the rectangular pile holes;

(2) Based on the depth of the pile hole to be drilled, a drill rod or a cable can be selected to realize hoisting connection of the drilling machine; a multifunctional drilling assembly which can horizontally stretch out and draw back and can be outwards and rotatably drilled is arranged on the vertical drilling device in a combined mode, so that rectangular anti-slide pile holes with haunched holes and of a horizontal cantilever structure are drilled in an earthen stratum or a rock stratum;

(3) The horizontal cantilever structure with the haunching and the vertical pile body can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, so that the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost are achieved;

(4) Aiming at the soil stratum, the construction environment is improved and the slurry cost is saved by combining vacuum slag suction and slurry slag discharge; aiming at a rock stratum, the drilling interface is supplemented with injection mud and rock blocks to be mixed so as to realize suction, and the rock blocks are crushed for the second time through a crushing box, so that pile holes are better discharged, and the blockage of a slag discharge pipe is prevented;

(5) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, the uninterrupted synchronous running of drilling and deslagging is realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved;

(6) The rotatable and horizontal sliding multifunctional cylindrical drill with the reamer and the hob distributed at intervals can drill rectangular pile holes with horizontal cantilevers and haunched structures in rock strata.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view (one) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the positions of the cross sections of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view (II) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the vertical drilling apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a D-D sectional view of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the G-G of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of H-H of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a side view of the multi-function drill assembly of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view I-I of FIG. 14 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a J-J cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of K-K of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the L-L of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of M-M of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic top view showing the mechanical hole forming method of rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers for step-by-step drilling capable of reaming in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic illustration of the steps of the method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever by reaming step-by-step drilling in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a cylindrical drill assembly according to example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

as shown in fig. 1-25, the labels in the figures are respectively:

1. the vertical drilling device comprises a vertical drilling device, a multifunctional drilling assembly, a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag sucking system, a pipeline fixing frame, a slag discharging system, a grouting system and a drill carriage, wherein the vertical drilling device comprises a vertical drilling device, a multifunctional drilling assembly, a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag sucking system, a pipeline fixing frame, a slag discharging system, a grouting system and a drill carriage;

11. the vertical drilling machine comprises a cylindrical drilling assembly 12, a vertical drilling U-shaped fork plate 111, a cylinder 112, a reamer assembly 113, a hob assembly 114, a motor 115, a motor rotating shaft 116, a stirring cutter assembly 121, a vertical drilling wing plate 122, a vertical drilling middle web plate 123, a vertical drilling upper web plate 124, a vertical drilling steel support 125, a rotating shaft hole 126, a vertical slag suction branch pipe through hole 127, a vertical grouting branch pipe through hole 128, a vertical slag suction main pipe through hole 1121, a reamer base 1122, a reamer 1131, a hob base 1132 and a hob.

21. The hydraulic system comprises a multifunctional drilling device 22, a rotary hydraulic cylinder 23, a crank hydraulic cylinder 24, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 25, a multifunctional drilling reaction frame 211, a multifunctional drilling U-shaped fork plate 2111, a multifunctional drilling wing plate 2112, a multifunctional drilling web plate 2113, a groove 2114, a multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole 2115, a multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole 212, a U-shaped thick plate 2121, a rotary shaft hydraulic cylinder wing plate 2122, a rotary shaft hydraulic cylinder web plate 2123, a rotary shaft 213, a U-shaped connector 2131, a bottom plate 2132, an upper swing plate 2133, a connecting shaft hole 2134, a connecting shaft 2135, a crank shaft 251, a multifunctional hydraulic side guard plate 252, a multifunctional hydraulic lower side plate 253, a 254, a 255T-shaped chute, a 256, a lower swing plate 257T-shaped slide block 258 and a hinge seat.

31. The stirring box 32, the double-layer large blade 33, the stirring main rotating shaft 34, the double-layer small blade 35, the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 36, the single-layer small blade 37, the main gear 38, the main gear isolation pad 39, the auxiliary gear 310, the auxiliary gear isolation pad 311, the steel cover plate 312, the stirring motor 313 and the vertical drill rod;

41. the crushing box, 42, middle partition plates, 43, connecting pipes, 44, racks, 45, fan motors, 46, fan blades, 47, crushing cutters and 48, screen cloth;

51. The slag sucking main pipe is 52, the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is 53, the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe is 54, the telescopic pipe is 55, the suction head is 56, the vertical slag sucking valve is 57;

61. the grouting device comprises a top steel plate, a middle steel plate, a bottom steel plate, a side vertical plate, a square through hole, a slag discharge pipe fixing hole and a grouting pipe fixing hole, wherein the top steel plate, the middle steel plate, the bottom steel plate, the side vertical plate, the square through hole and the slag discharge pipe fixing hole are respectively arranged in the top steel plate and the middle steel plate, the bottom steel plate, the side vertical plate, the square through hole and the side steel plate respectively;

71. slag discharging pipe 72. Slag discharging pump;

81. the grouting device comprises a grouting main pipe, 82, a grouting pump, 83, a vertical grouting branch pipe, 84, a multifunctional grouting branch pipe, 85, a spray head, 86, a vertical grouting valve and 87;

91. winch motor 92, fixed shaft 93, cable 94, cable bracket 95, steel cantilever beam 96, slide block 97, steel upright post 98, guide rail 99, hinge shaft 910, pull rod 911, vehicle platform 912, rotary motor;

a. rock stratum b, drilling machine c, free section pile hole d, armpit hole e, horizontal cantilever pile hole f, embedding section pile hole.

Detailed Description

The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings, to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

example 1: as shown in fig. 1-21, the embodiment specifically relates to a method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by reaming step-by-step drilling, which is illustrated by taking a rock stratum a and a rectangular deep hole slide-resistant pile as an example, and specifically comprises the following steps:

(S1) combining a plurality of rectangular drills b according to the rectangular pile hole size to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the rectangular pile hole size. The method comprises the steps of installing a drill carriage 9 and a drilling machine b on the ground of a construction site, wherein the drilling machine b is hoisted by the lower end of a cable 93 on the drill carriage 9, and the drilling machine b sequentially comprises a pipeline fixing frame 6, a slag body treatment mechanism, a multifunctional drill assembly 2 and a vertical drill device 1 from top to bottom, wherein the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7 and a grouting system 8.

As shown in fig. 1, the drill carriage 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel upright 97, a pull rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slide block 96, a steel cantilever beam 95, a cable bracket 94, a winch motor 91, a fixed shaft 92 and a cable 93, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 911 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 97 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911, the pull rod 910 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcement effect on the steel upright 97, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 97, and the lower end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the hinge shaft 99 of the vehicle-mounted platform 911; the guide rail 98 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 97 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 96 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 98 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the sliding block 96, the cable support 94 is fixed on the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 95, the winch motor 91 is fixed on the steel cantilever beam 95 through the fixed shaft 92, and the winch motor 91 is used for driving the cable 93 and a drilling machine hoisted at the lower end of the cable 93 to do lifting motion. Moreover, the drilling machine can move downwards under the dead weight pressure of the drilling machine due to the fact that the dead weight of the drilling machine is large, the effect that a drill rod is required to be pressed downwards in the past is not needed, and the cable 93 has a sufficient length, so that the drilling requirement for a rectangular deep hole can be met.

As shown in fig. 1-9, the vertical drilling device 1 is used for deep hole drilling of rectangular anti-slide piles, and mainly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 and vertical drilling U-shaped fork plates 12 used as mounting frames, wherein the vertical drilling U-shaped fork plates 12 mainly comprise a vertical drilling middle web 122, vertical drilling upper webs 123 and vertical drilling wing plates 121 positioned on two sides of the vertical drilling middle web 122, and a vertical drilling steel support 124 is vertically welded in the middle position of the vertical drilling middle web 122 based on the number of the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11. Each set of cylindrical drill assembly 11 is composed of two cylindrical drills, a motor 114 and a motor shaft 115, in this embodiment, the number of cylindrical drills is 4, and the cylindrical drills are distributed in a matrix form to form rectangular cutting surfaces, and rectangular pile holes are formed in the downward cutting process, wherein the matrix distribution refers to that the cylindrical drills are respectively arranged on two sides of the vertical drill steel support 124. The cylindrical drill comprises a cylinder 111, a plurality of hob assemblies 113 distributed on the surface of the cylinder 111 at intervals, and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 distributed between adjacent hob assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111, a centrally arranged vertical drill steel support 124 is welded or bolted with a shell of a motor 114, a motor rotating shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the cylinders 111 on two sides to rotate, and the end parts of the motor rotating shaft 115 are supported in rotating shaft holes 125 of two vertical drill wing plates 121 on two sides. As shown in fig. 6-9, the height of the hob assembly 113 protruding above the cylinder 111 is higher than the reamer assembly 112, so that when cutting a rock mass, the hob 1132 on the hob assembly 113 first contacts the rock mass, i.e., the hob assembly 113 first breaks the rock face in its entirety into a plurality of large pieces of rock, and then further twists the large pieces of rock on the excavated face into small diameter rock pieces (or slag) by the reamer assembly 112; hob assembly 113 includes a hob base 1131 and a ring of hob 1132 secured to hob base 1131; the reamer assembly 112 includes a reamer base 1121 and a reamer 1122, and the reamer 1122 is in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the reamer base 1121 to facilitate the reaming of a rock formation. For rock mass, if the hob 1132 is adopted to directly crush the rock mass of the excavated surface or the reamer 1122 is directly used for cutting, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the hob and reamer materials are required to meet higher requirements, so that the development difficulty of the hob and reamer materials is increased, and the construction cost is increased. The hob 1132 and the reamer 1122 are combined, and the hob 1132 only fractures the rock mass of the excavated surface, so that the strength of the rock mass is reduced, the reamer 1122 is beneficial to cutting the rock mass more easily, the requirements on the strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of the hob and the reamer material can be correspondingly reduced, and the wear of the reamer and the hob can be reduced. Therefore, the method of combining the rock mass with the low strength after the hob 1132 is firstly used for fracturing the rock mass with the excavated face and then the reamer 1122 is used for cutting the rock mass with the low strength after the fracturing is adopted, so that the working efficiency can be improved, the cutter abrasion can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced.

In addition, a vertical slag suction main pipe through hole 128 is formed in the vertical drilling upper web 123 and is used for fixing the slag suction main pipe 51; the vertical drilling center web 122 is also provided with a plurality of vertical slag sucking branch pipe through holes 126 and vertical grouting branch pipe through holes 127 for fixing the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 53 and the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 respectively.

As shown in fig. 1-4 and 10-15, the multifunction drill assembly 2 includes a multifunction drill device 21, a rotary hydraulic cylinder 22, a crank hydraulic cylinder 23, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 24, and a multifunction drill reaction frame 25; the multifunctional drill reaction frame 25 includes a multifunctional hydraulic reaction plate 254, multifunctional hydraulic side guard plates 251 disposed on both sides of the multifunctional hydraulic reaction plate 254, a multifunctional hydraulic upper side plate 252 disposed on the top of the multifunctional hydraulic reaction plate 254, and a multifunctional hydraulic lower side plate 253 disposed on the bottom of the multifunctional hydraulic reaction plate 254, so that the multifunctional drill reaction frame 25 forms a box-type structure with lateral openings. The multifunctional drilling device 21 is arranged in a box of the multifunctional drilling reaction frame 25 and positioned at an opening part of the box, and comprises a plurality of multifunctional cylindrical drilling components and a mounting frame for mounting the multifunctional cylindrical drilling components, wherein the mounting frame specifically comprises a multifunctional drilling web 2112 and multifunctional drilling wing plates 2111 positioned at two sides of the multifunctional drilling web, and each multifunctional cylindrical drilling component is distributed at intervals on a vertical surface and a top surface of the mounting frame, so that the multifunctional cylindrical drilling components can drill a rock body in a lateral movement process in a rotation process and in a horizontal state. The multifunctional cylindrical drill assembly in the embodiment comprises a cylinder, a plurality of hob assemblies arranged on the surface of the cylinder at intervals and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between the adjacent hob assemblies, wherein the cylinder is fixed on a mounting frame through a multifunctional U-shaped fork plate 211 of the drill, the height of the hob assemblies protruding out of the cylinder is higher than that of the reamer assemblies, the hob assemblies comprise hob bases and a circle of hob fixed on the hob bases, the reamer assemblies comprise reamer bases and reamers, and the reamer realizes inclined mounting postures under the fixation of the reamer bases so as to facilitate the reaming of rock strata. The bottom of the mounting frame is provided with a U-shaped connector 213 for hinging with a lower swing plate 256 on the multifunctional hydraulic lower side plate 253. The U-shaped connector 213 includes a bottom plate 2131 and upper swing plates 2132 welded to both sides of the bottom plate 2131, wherein the bottom plate 2131 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the multifunctional drilling web 2112 and the bottom of the multifunctional drilling wing 2111, the upper swing plates 2132 are semi-arc-shaped and are hinged to the lower swing plates 256 via connecting shafts 2134, and the connecting shafts 2134 penetrate through the lower swing plates 256 and connecting shaft holes 2133 on the upper swing plates 2132.

As shown in fig. 1-4 and 10-15, one end of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 22 is hinged to the multifunctional hydraulic counter-force plate 254, the other end is hinged to the U-shaped thick plate 212 on the back surface of the multifunctional drilling web 2112, the U-shaped thick plate 212 is specifically composed of a rotary shaft hydraulic cylinder wing plate 2121 and a rotary shaft hydraulic cylinder web 2122, the front end of the rotary hydraulic cylinder 22 is hinged to the U-shaped thick plate 212 through a rotary shaft 2123, the U-shaped thick plate 212 is located in the middle or upper position of the multifunctional drilling web 2112, and a groove 2113 is formed in the back surface of the multifunctional drilling web 2112 to facilitate setting of the U-shaped thick plate 212. The crank cylinder 23 is hinged at one end to the multifunction hydraulic reaction plate 254 via a hinge bracket 258, and is hinged at the other end to the upper swing plate 256 via a crank shaft 2135, and the hinge bracket 258, which is hinged to the crank cylinder 23 on the multifunction hydraulic reaction plate 254, and the connecting shaft 2134 are positioned at the same horizontal position, and the crank shaft 2135 is positioned directly below the connecting shaft 2134. One end of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 24 is connected to the multifunctional hydraulic counter-force plate 254, the other end is connected to the lower swing plate 256, in this embodiment, a T-shaped chute 255 is formed on the multifunctional hydraulic lower side plate 253, a T-shaped slide block 257 is connected to the bottom of the lower swing plate 256, and the T-shaped slide block 257 and the T-shaped chute 255 form a sliding fit after being assembled, when the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 24 pushes the lower swing plate 256, the T-shaped slide block 257 thereon can move horizontally along the T-shaped chute 255. As shown in fig. 21, the connecting shaft 2134 is taken as a rotation center, the rotary hydraulic cylinder 22 pushes the multifunctional drilling device 21 outwards to rotate around the connecting shaft 2134, and meanwhile the crank hydraulic cylinder 23 assists the multifunctional drilling device 21 to rotate around the connecting shaft 2134, so that the aim of forming a haunched pile hole by driving the multifunctional drilling device 21 outwards in a combined manner by the rotary hydraulic cylinder 22 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 23 is fulfilled; after that, when the multifunction drilling device 21 is rotated from the vertical state to the horizontal state, the lower swing plate 256 is pushed to the outside by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 24, and the rotary hydraulic cylinder 22 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 23 are also extended simultaneously during the outside movement. The method has the advantages that: first, increasing the cutting force of the multifunctional drilling device 21 in the process of rotationally cutting the rock-soil body; and secondly to increase the stability of the multifunction drilling device 21 during the rotary cutting of the rock and soil.

In addition, through holes are formed in the multifunctional hydraulic counter-force plate 254, and a multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole 2114 and a multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole 2115 are formed in the multifunctional drilling web 2112, the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 53 which is branched off from the slag suction main pipe 51 in the slag suction system 5 extends the suction head 55 of the multifunctional drilling device 21 to suck the excavated sludge through the through holes in the multifunctional hydraulic counter-force plate 254 and the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole 2114 in the multifunctional drilling web 2112, and the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 53 adopts a telescopic pipe form in order to adapt to the rotation and horizontal extension action of the multifunctional drilling device 21; the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 84 branched from the grouting main pipe 81 in the grouting system 8 extends the nozzle 85 into the multi-functional drilling device 21 for grouting through the through hole on the multi-functional hydraulic counter-force plate 254 and the multi-functional grouting branch pipe through hole 2115 on the multi-functional drilling web 2112, and the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 84 adopts a telescopic pipe form in order to adapt to the rotation and horizontal extension actions of the multi-functional drilling device 21.

As shown in fig. 1-19, the rock slag treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7 and a grouting system 8.

The stirring device 3 comprises a stirring box 31 and a stirring mechanism, wherein the stirring box 31 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the multifunctional drill reaction frame 25, the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear 37 and a plurality of auxiliary gears 39 meshed with the main gear 37 for transmission, the main gear 37 is driven to rotate by a stirring motor 312 so as to further drive each auxiliary gear 39 to rotate, a stirring main rotating shaft 33 extending into the stirring box 31 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 37, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft 33, and the stirring blades adopt double-layer large blades 32; each auxiliary gear 39 is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 extending into the stirring box 31, the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 is also provided with stirring blades, part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 adopt double-layer small blades 34, and the other part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 adopt single-layer small blades 36, so that evenly mixed slurry can be obtained by stirring the sludge and the slurry of the stirring box 31, and the stirring box is beneficial to discharge. In order to avoid slurry in the stirring tank 31 from penetrating into the gear box where the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gear 39 are located during stirring, a main gear isolation pad 38 is provided at the junction of the stirring main rotating shaft 33 and the stirring tank 31, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is provided at the junction of the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 and the stirring tank 31. As shown in fig. 4, a steel cover plate 311 is arranged on the top of the gear box where the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gear 39 are arranged, and is used for being connected with the pipe fixing frame 6. The stirring tank 31 is provided with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

The slag sucking system 5 is connected to the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 31, the slag sucking system 5 mainly comprises a slag sucking main pipe 51, a vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52, a multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 53 and a crushing device 4, one end of the slag sucking main pipe 51 is communicated with the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 31 through the crushing device 4, the other end (namely a sucking end) of the slag sucking main pipe 51 is branched into the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 and the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 53, as shown in fig. 4, the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 extends into the vertical drilling device 1, a suction head 55 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe 52 is close to a cylindrical drilling component 11 so that the vertical slag sucking branch pipe can suck and cut out rock sludge, and a vertical slag sucking valve 56 is arranged at the suction head 55 and used for controlling on-off of a pipeline. The multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 53 extends into the multifunctional drilling assembly 2, the suction head 55 of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 53 is close to the multifunctional drilling device 21 so that the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe can suck and cut the stirred out rock sludge, and the multifunctional slag sucking valve 57 is arranged at the suction head 55 and used for controlling on-off of a pipeline, wherein the pipeline of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 53 is in the form of a telescopic pipe 54 so as to adapt to rotation and forward and backward movement of the multifunctional drilling device 21.

The pumped rock slag is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 4 and then enters the stirring tank 31, the crushing device 4 mainly comprises a crushing tank 41, a middle partition plate 42, a connecting pipe 43, a rack 44, a fan motor 45, fan blades 46, a crushing knife 47 and a screen 48, the middle partition plate 42 is obliquely arranged in the crushing tank 41 to form a ramp which is beneficial to the flow of the mud slag, the fan motor 45 is arranged on a top plate in the crushing tank 41 through the rack 44, the fan blades 46 are arranged on a rotating shaft of the fan motor 45, the fan motor 45 and the fan blades 46 rotating at high speed can form negative pressure pumping in the slag suction main pipe 5, a crushing knife 47 is arranged at the installation position of the fan motor 45, so that the pumped mud slag can enter the stirring tank 31 through the connecting pipe 43 after being crushed by the crushing knife 47, and the screen 48 is arranged at the end face of the fan motor 45 to filter the large-particle rock slag, and prevent the rock slag from flowing into the stirring tank 31 from the fan motor 45.

The grouting system 8 mainly comprises a grouting main pipe 81, a grouting pump 82, a vertical grouting branch pipe 83 and a multifunctional grouting branch pipe 84, and since the rectangular deep hole drilling machine in the embodiment is applied to a rock stratum, the cut rock slag is the rock slag, and granular pure solids are difficult to be pumped and transported, the main function of the grouting system 8 is to pump the supplemented slurry to the cutting part, so that the rock slag and the slurry are mixed for convenient pumping, and the grouting pump 82 is responsible for pumping operation. The grouting main pipe 81 extends into the multifunctional drilling assembly 2 and the vertical drilling device 1 from the ground, the lower port of the grouting main pipe is bifurcated into a multifunctional grouting branch pipe 84 and a vertical grouting branch pipe 83, the multifunctional grouting main pipe extends into the multifunctional drilling assembly 2 and the vertical drilling device 1 to pump slurry, the injection end of the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 84 is provided with a spray head 85, the spray head 85 is provided with a multifunctional grouting valve 87, and the injection end of the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 is provided with a spray head 85, and the spray head 85 is provided with a vertical grouting valve 86; in the drilling process, the on-off of the multifunctional grouting valve 87 and the vertical grouting valve 86 are determined according to whether the rectangular deep hole drilling machine is used for downwards excavating rectangular drilling holes or laterally excavating horizontal cantilever pile holes or excavating haunched holes.

The slag discharging port of the stirring box 31 is connected with a slag discharging system 7 from the ground, the slag discharging system 7 comprises a slag discharging pipe 71 and a slag discharging pump 72, the lower end of the slag discharging pipe 71 is communicated with the slag discharging port of the stirring box 31, and the port of the slag discharging pipe is extended downwards to a certain depth so as to facilitate pumping more slurry and rock slag mixture, and the slag discharging pipe 71 pumps the uniformly stirred slurry and rock slag mixture from the stirring box 31 to the ground through the slag discharging pump 72 for collecting and processing.

As shown in fig. 1-4 and 19, the pipe fixing frame 6 has a box-shaped structure, and includes a top steel plate 61, a middle steel plate 62, a bottom steel plate 63, and a plurality of side vertical plates 64 connecting the three, in addition, square through holes 65 are formed on the bottom steel plate 63 for setting a stirring motor 312; further, the top steel plate 61, the middle steel plate 62, and the bottom steel plate 63 are provided with a slag discharging pipe fixing hole 66 through which the slag discharging main pipe 71 passes, and a grouting pipe fixing hole 67 through which the grouting main pipe 81 passes. In order to avoid pipe wobble during drilling, the pipe holder 6 may provide a fixing for each pipe passing.

As shown in fig. 20, in this embodiment, when a pile hole g to be dug is drilled on a rock stratum a, two or four drilling machines b may be provided on a rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine, and when two drilling machines b are provided, a free-section pile hole c, a haunched hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drilling machines (synchronous operation); when four drills b are provided, a free-section pile hole c is drilled by the four drills b (synchronous operation), and a haunched hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drills b (synchronous operation) provided near the excavated portions of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

(S2) before preparing to drill down, the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 24 on all the drilling machines b are set in minimum stroke and stand by, and the multi-function drill device 21 in the multi-function drill assembly 2 (on all the drilling machines b) is set in the multi-function drill reaction frame 25 and in a vertical state, as shown in fig. 21; then controlling the vertical drilling devices 1 on all drilling machines b to vertically drill the rock stratum a downwards until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e so as to form a free section pile hole c of the rectangular pile hole;

during the downward drilling process, the spray heads 85 on the vertical grouting branch pipes 83 are continuously opened through the vertical grouting valves 86 (on all drilling rigs b) to perform continuous slurry injection on the rock surface where the vertical drilling device 1 drills, and the spray heads 85 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipes 84 are closed through the multifunctional grouting valves 87 (on all drilling rigs b);

at the same time, the suction heads 55 of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes 53 (on all drilling machines b) are closed, and the suction heads 55 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes 52 (on all drilling machines b) are opened to continuously suck slag so as to suck the mixture of the crushed rock and slurry of the vertical drilling device 1 into the crushing device 4, and the crushing device 4 crushes the mixture of the crushed rock and slurry for the second time and sends the crushed rock and slurry into the stirring box 31 for stirring; the slag discharging system 7 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 31 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S3) as shown in fig. 21, stopping the vertical drilling device 1 (on all the drilling machines b) from drilling and maintaining at the depth, starting the multifunctional drilling assembly 2 on the drilling machine b arranged near the digging part of the haunching hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, gradually rotating the multifunctional drilling device 21 outwards by taking the connecting shaft 2134 as a rotating shaft and simultaneously stirring and cutting the rock mass under the driving of the rotating hydraulic cylinder 22 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 23 until the multifunctional drilling device 21 rotates from the vertical state to the horizontal state, and performing accumulated rotation for 90 degrees to form the haunching hole d;

in this process, the shower nozzles 85 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipes 84 are continuously opened through the multi-functional grouting valves 87 (on the drilling machine b arranged near the excavation parts of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) to perform continuous slurry injection on the rock face where the multi-functional drilling device 21 drills, and the shower nozzles 85 on the vertical grouting branch pipes 83 are closed through the vertical grouting valves 86 (on all the drilling machines b);

at the same time, the suction heads 55 of the vertical slag sucking branch pipes 52 (on all drilling machines b) are closed, and the suction heads 55 of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes 53 (on the drilling machines b arranged near the excavation parts of the haunched holes d and the horizontal cantilever pile holes e) are opened to continuously suck slag so as to suck the mixture of the crushed rock mass and the slurry of the multifunctional drilling device 21 into the crushing device 4, and the crushing device 4 secondarily crushes the mixture of the sucked rock mass and the slurry and sends the crushed mixture into the stirring box 31 for stirring; the slag discharging system 7 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 31 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S4) as shown in FIG. 21, controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 (on a drilling machine b arranged near the digging parts of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) to drive the multifunctional drilling device 21 to horizontally move outwards to drill to a designed length so as to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e;

in the horizontal drilling process, continuously opening a spray head 85 on a multifunctional grouting branch pipe 84 through a multifunctional grouting valve 87 on a drilling machine b (arranged near the digging part of a haunched hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e) to continuously inject slurry on a rock surface where the multifunctional drilling device 21 is drilled, and closing the spray head 85 on a vertical grouting branch pipe 83 through vertical grouting valves 86 (on all drilling machines b);

(S5) after the construction of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is completed, as shown in FIG. 21, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 24 (on a drilling machine b arranged near the excavated part of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) drives the multifunctional drilling device 21 to shrink inwards to a minimum stroke, and a rotary hydraulic cylinder 22 and a crank hydraulic cylinder 23 drive the multifunctional drilling device 21 to rotate and reset to a vertical state; then, the vertical drilling device 1 (on all drilling machines b) is used for continuously drilling to the designed depth to form a pile hole f of the embedded section, in the process, slurry injection is continuously carried out through the spray heads 85 of the vertical grouting branch pipes 83 (on all drilling machines b), and the spray heads 85 of the multifunctional grouting branch pipes 84 (on all drilling machines b) are closed; at the same time, the suction heads 55 of the vertical suction manifold 52 (of all the drilling machines b) continue to suck the slag, while the suction heads 55 of the multifunctional suction manifold 53 (of all the drilling machines b) are closed.

The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

(2) The cable and the rotatable and horizontal sliding multifunctional cylindrical drill with the reamer and the hob distributed at intervals are used for realizing the drilling of rectangular pile holes of a horizontal cantilever and a haunched structure in deep rock;

(3) The haunching, the horizontal cantilever and the vertical pile body can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, so that the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost are achieved;

(4) Rock is crushed for the second time through the crushing box, so that the pile hole can be better discharged, and the slag discharge pipe is prevented from being blocked;

(5) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, uninterrupted synchronous drilling and deslagging are realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved.

Example 2: the present embodiment specifically relates to a method for mechanically forming holes by reaming and stepwise drilling rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the construction of rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua piles in a rock stratum a is required, and as shown in fig. 22, a drill carriage 9 is connected with a drilling machine through a vertical drill pipe 313.

The drill carriage 9 comprises a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel upright 97, a pull rod 910, a hinged shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a sliding block 96, a steel cantilever beam 95 and a rotary motor 912, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 911 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 97 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911, the pull rod 910 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing effect on the steel upright 97, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 97, and the lower end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the hinged shaft 99; the guide rail 98 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 97 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 96 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 98 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the sliding block 96, the rotating motor 912 is arranged on the steel cantilever beam 95, and the vertically arranged vertical drilling rod 313 is driven by the rotating motor 912 to rotate and can move along with the sliding block 96 in the vertical direction, namely, the vertical drilling rod 313 can downwards drill under the driving of the sliding block 96.

When the drill carriage 9 is connected to the drilling machine by using the vertical drill pipe 313, the main gear 37 in the stirring mechanism is not required to be additionally provided with the stirring motor 312 to drive the main gear, and the lower end of the vertical drill pipe 313 can be directly connected to the main gear 37 to drive and rotate.

The remaining steps of the hole forming construction method in this embodiment are identical to those in embodiment 1, and will not be described again.

Example 3: the present embodiment specifically relates to a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever by reaming step-by-step drilling, and the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the construction of a rectangular deep hole slide-resistant pile is required in an earthen stratum, so that the grouting system 8 and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 are improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 23, the grouting system 8 in the vertical drilling device 1 and the multifunctional drilling module 2 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 31, the drilled sludge can be pumped into the stirring tank 31 for stirring by the sludge suction system 5 without supplementing grouting, and the grouting system 7 can further adjust the concentration of the sludge by grouting the stirring tank 31 so as to be beneficial to the sludge discharging system 7 to discharge the sludge mixture in the stirring tank 31.

As shown in fig. 24, the soil stratum is dug in this example, the soil stratum strength is lower, the surface of the cylinder 111 of the cylinder drill assembly 11 is uniformly provided with a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies 116 instead, the stirring cutter assemblies 116 comprise stirring cutter bases and stirring cutters, and the stirring cutters are in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the stirring cutter bases, so that soil stirring is facilitated. Likewise, the multi-functional cylindrical drill assembly of the multi-functional drill assembly 2 is identical in construction to the cylindrical drill assembly 11.

Example 4: the present embodiment specifically relates to a method for mechanically forming holes in a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever by reaming step-by-step drilling, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the construction of a rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua pile is required in an earthen stratum, and therefore, the grouting system 8 and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 are improved, and the connection mode between the drill carriage 9 and the drilling machine is improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 25, the grouting system 8 in the vertical drilling device 1 and the multifunctional drilling module 2 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 31, the drilled sludge can be pumped into the stirring tank 31 for stirring by the sludge suction system 5 without supplementing grouting, and the grouting system 7 can further adjust the concentration of the sludge by grouting the stirring tank 31 so as to be beneficial to the sludge discharging system 7 to discharge the sludge mixture in the stirring tank 31.

As shown in fig. 25, the drill carriage 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel upright 97, a pull rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slide block 96, a steel cantilever beam 95 and a rotating motor 912, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 911 has a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 97 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911, the pull rod 910 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing function on the steel upright 97, specifically, the upper end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 97, and the lower end is hinged with the hinge shaft 99; the guide rail 98 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 97 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 96 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 98 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the sliding block 96, the rotating motor 912 is arranged on the steel cantilever beam 95, and the vertically arranged vertical drilling rod 313 is driven by the rotating motor 912 to rotate and can move along with the sliding block 96 in the vertical direction, namely, the vertical drilling rod 313 can downwards drill under the driving of the sliding block 96. When the drill carriage 9 is connected to the drilling machine by using the vertical drill pipe 313, the main gear 37 in the stirring mechanism is not required to be additionally provided with the stirring motor 312 to drive the main gear, and the lower end of the vertical drill pipe 313 can be directly connected to the main gear 37 to drive and rotate the main gear.

Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and thus are not repeated herein.

Claims

1. A rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method capable of reaming and step-by-step drilling with a haunched horizontal cantilever is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for mechanically forming holes on a rectangular pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever by step-by-step drilling capable of reaming according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, a connection form between the drilling machine and a drill carriage on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole, and the connection form is a connection through a vertical drill pipe or a connection through a cable;

3. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by reaming step-by-step drilling according to claim 2, wherein the drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

4. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by step-by-step drilling capable of reaming according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is an earthen stratum;

5. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by step-by-step drilling capable of reaming according to claim 4, wherein the vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components which are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate and distributed in a matrix, the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and steel supports vertically welded on the web plate, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylindrical drilling components and a motor for driving the cylindrical drilling to rotate, the cylindrical drilling components consist of a cylinder and a plurality of stirring cutter components which are all arranged on the surface of the cylinder, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in the rotating shaft holes of the wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel supports;

6. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by step-wise drilling capable of reaming according to claim 5, wherein in step S2 and step S5, in the process of drilling the soil stratum vertically downwards by the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines, a slag sucking valve at the suction head of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe is closed, and the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck the sludge crushed by the vertical drilling devices into the crushing devices, the crushing devices secondarily crush the sucked sludge and then send the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps slurry into the stirring box in real time to mix with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

7. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by step-by-step drilling capable of reaming according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is a rock stratum;

8. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by step-wise drilling capable of reaming according to claim 7, wherein the vertical drilling device comprises a U-shaped fork plate and a plurality of cylindrical drilling components which are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate and distributed in a matrix, the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web and steel supports vertically welded on the web, the cylindrical drilling components comprise two cylinders, a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hob components which are arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer components which are arranged between the adjacent hob components, the hob components comprise a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, and the reamer components comprise a reamer base and a reamer fixed on the reamer base in an inclined manner; the motor is fixed on the steel support and drives the cylinder to rotate;

9. The method for mechanically forming holes on rectangular piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers by step-wise drilling, according to claim 8, characterized in that in step S2 and step S5, in the process of vertically drilling down rock formations by the vertical drilling device on all the drilling machine, the grouting valve at the spray head of the multifunctional grouting branch pipe and the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe are closed, the grouting valve at the spray head of the vertical grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject slurry into the rock face where the vertical drilling device drills, and simultaneously the slag sucking valve at the suction head of the vertical slag sucking branch pipe is opened to suck the mixture of the crushed rock blocks and slurry of the vertical drilling device into the crushing device, and the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry and then delivering the mixture into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;