CN117211673A

CN117211673A - Rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method with horizontal cantilever capable of expanding hole and digging

Info

Publication number: CN117211673A
Application number: CN202311091418.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵璐; 黄昌富; 姚铁军; 张帅龙
Original assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-29
Filing date: 2023-08-29
Publication date: 2023-12-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method with a horizontal cantilever for a reamer, which comprises the following steps: combining a plurality of drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole; controlling a cylindrical drilling assembly on a horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assemblies on all drilling machines to drill down into a stratum until the design depth of a horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached; the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly drills armpit holes to the side parts of the rectangular pile holes; controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive a cylindrical drilling assembly on a vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill a horizontal cantilever pile hole outwards; and continuously controlling the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly to vertically drill the stratum downwards to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole so as to form a built-in section of the rectangular pile hole. The invention has the advantages that: according to different sizes of the rectangular pile holes, corresponding numbers of drilling machines which form a rectangular structure are arranged on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine so as to drill the rectangular pile holes.

Description

Rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method with horizontal cantilever capable of expanding hole and digging

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular pile with a horizontal cantilever and capable of being drilled by a reamer.

Background

In the projects such as side slope support, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, tunnel entrance and exit construction and the like, the slide-resistant pile is the most effective measure capable of transmitting the side thrust of a rock-soil body into a stable stratum below a sliding surface, resisting the side thrust and treating the projects and geological disasters. The slide-resistant piles are divided into rectangular section slide-resistant piles and circular section slide-resistant piles. The rectangular anti-skid pile has the advantages of high lateral rigidity, high single pile bearing capacity and the like, and can effectively enhance the anti-skid force and improve the anti-skid coefficient. Therefore, rectangular-section slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields. The traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile has a larger section and can not fully utilize the strength of rock-soil mass in front of the pile. For the anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever structure, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of rock and soil mass in front of the pile, so that the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile is improved, but the hole forming difficulty of a horizontal cantilever pile hole of the rectangular anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever is extremely high. And traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile adopts artifical excavation and mechanical excavation mode generally, and the collapse that artifical hole pile construction caused accounts for 65% of the total number of collapse accident to inefficiency, with high costs, mechanical excavation is safer high-efficient. Therefore, the mechanical drilling of pile holes with the horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles in the rock and soil layers has important significance for ensuring the safety of constructors and improving the efficiency.

At present, rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment and mechanical excavation modes are various, for example:

the patent number CN 106836354A 'rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming device' is characterized in that a rectangular shovel head is formed by a plurality of cutting blades, and a counterweight or a hydraulic propulsion device is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head to drill rectangular pile holes.

The patent number CN 103244053A rectangular drilling machine mainly drives T-shaped cutter heads uniformly distributed at the lower parts of two steel frames to move in opposite directions and reciprocate through two cam bodies, and cuts soil into rectangular holes.

The patent number CN 104533300A rectangular drilling machine is characterized in that a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of a rectangular transmission case, cross-shaped long cutters are arranged on four sides of the rectangular transmission case, the conical drill bit drills to form a circular pile hole, and then the circular pile hole is trimmed into the rectangular pile hole through rotary cutting of the cross-shaped long cutters.

The patent No. CN 207715083U, a rectangular anti-slide pile hole-forming drilling machine, mainly sets a round drilling cylinder and a rectangular drilling cylinder at the bottom of a drill rod, the round drilling cylinder is screwed into a round pile hole, and then the rectangular pile hole is formed by cutting soil around the round pile hole through the rectangular drilling cylinder.

The patent No. CN 105951798A 'rectangular drilling machine' mainly uses a motor to drive four concave waist cylinders with stirring blades to cut soil body, and drills rectangular pile holes.

The existing drilling machine mainly forms vertical rectangular pile holes in a rock-soil body. But has the following problems: (1) The rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the horizontal cantilever or the haunched horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in the rock-soil body; (2) Other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the slag soil in the pile hole, and the drilling and deslagging equipment has low integration level, low construction efficiency and high cost.

In terms of a rectangular slide pile mechanical construction method, for example:

the patent No. CN 108678661A, square anti-slide pile pore-forming method and square drill bit for pore-forming, utilizes the circular drill bit of rotary drilling rig to drill at least one row of circular pilot holes along the length direction of the cross section of the square anti-slide pile pore sequentially, and the circular pilot holes of each row are connected, and the side wall of the square anti-slide pile pore is tangent with the edge of the adjacent circular pilot hole, then adopts the square drill bit to sweep the pore, so that the square drill bit cuts the residual soil downwards along the contour line of the square anti-slide pile pore, and circulates in sequence until the design requirement is met.

The patent number CN 110593753A 'quick mechanical drilling construction method of rectangular anti-slide pile', adopts a rotary drilling round drill bit to drill guiding holes at four corners, and the guiding holes are drilled until the elevation of the bottom of the designed pile is reached; then, trimming the guide holes by using a grooving machine in three parts, and constructing by using a grab bucket for three times: the first time along the long side leading hole position of the anti-slide pile is grabbed until the depth of the design hole is reached; the second time along the other long side leading hole position of the slide-resistant pile is grabbed until the depth of the design hole is reached; and grabbing the rest part in the middle for the third time until the depth of the designed hole is reached. If the soil is in contact with complex hard strata such as hard gingilite soil, calcareous cement layers and the like, the soil grabbing operation is stopped by the grooving machine, and the hard strata are broken by adopting a long-arm breaking hammer.

The patent number CN 110820733A 'an improved simple rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical quick hole forming construction method' mainly comprises the steps of rotary digging round pile holes twice, connecting the round pile holes and overexcavating the outline of the rectangular pile holes, and pouring the overexcavation part after placing a rectangular steel cylinder in the pile holes to form rectangular pile holes.

The patent number CN 110714460A 'a rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming construction method for reducing filling coefficient' and the patent number CN 113605387 'a rectangular anti-slide pile full-mechanical construction method' are both mainly characterized in that round pile holes are formed by rotary digging twice or more, the round pile holes are connected or partially overlapped and tangent to the outline of the rectangular pile hole, and slag digging and pore repairing are carried out on the inner periphery of the pile hole by a machine to form the rectangular pile hole.

The patent No. CN 111691408A, "construction method of rectangular anti-slide pile of soft rock stratum", mainly comprises the steps of firstly drilling a rectangular groove along the outline of a rectangular pile hole by a small-diameter rotary drilling tool, cutting the small-diameter pile hole tangentially with the outline of the rectangular pile hole, then drilling by a large-diameter rotary drilling tool and partially overlapping the small-diameter pile hole, and mechanically digging slag in the pile hole to repair the hole to form the rectangular pile hole.

But has the following problems: (1) The rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the horizontal cantilever or the haunched horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in the rock-soil body; (2) The hole repairing treatment is needed by adopting other mechanical or auxiliary measures, the drilling construction efficiency is low, the cost is high, and rectangular pile holes cannot be drilled at one time; (3) In actual engineering, pile hole sizes are various, and the existing rectangular anti-slide pile hole forming mechanical equipment is fixed in size and cannot cope with the change of pile hole sizes; (4) Other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the dregs in the pile holes, so that the construction cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers, which comprises the steps of combining a plurality of drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile holes, sequentially arranging a slag body treatment mechanism and a multifunctional drilling assembly on the drilling machines from top to bottom to drill rectangular anti-slide piles with the horizontal cantilevers, namely, firstly, drilling vertical rectangular pile holes to the design depth of the horizontal cantilevers by using a vertical drill bit of a multifunctional cylindrical drill driven by pressure generated by the self weight of the drilling machines; then a horizontal cantilever rectangular pile hole is drilled through a multifunctional cylindrical drill with a horizontal multistage hydraulic propulsion device arranged on the back, or a haunched pile hole and a horizontal cantilever pile hole are drilled through the multifunctional cylindrical drill along the vertical and horizontal directions at the same time, and the multifunctional cylindrical drill is retracted after the drilling is completed; finally, the multifunctional cylindrical drill continues to drill to the designed depth along the vertical direction.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the mechanical hole forming method for the rectangular pile with the horizontal cantilever and capable of being drilled by the reamer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1: combining a plurality of drilling machines according to the size of the rectangular pile hole to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole; a slag body treatment mechanism and a multifunctional drill assembly are sequentially arranged on each drilling machine from top to bottom; wherein:

The multifunctional drill assembly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drill assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding reaction frame and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, wherein the cylindrical drill assemblies are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate and are arranged in a matrix on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding reaction frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally;

s2: the piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders on all the drilling machines are in a standby state of minimum stroke, and the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the horizontal plane in all the multifunctional drilling assemblies on the drilling machines are controlled to drill down into strata until the design depth of a horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached, so that a free section of the rectangular pile hole is formed;

s3: moving all the multifunctional drilling components on the drilling machine upwards to the top design elevation of a haunched hole, starting the cylindrical drilling components on the vertical surface and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder in the multifunctional drilling components on the drilling machine, which are arranged close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, and drilling the haunched hole to the side part of the rectangular pile hole by the cylindrical drilling components on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling components under the driving of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder;

S4: controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole outwards until the design length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached;

s5: and retracting a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to a minimum stroke and stopping working, closing the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the vertical surfaces in the multifunctional drilling assemblies, starting the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the horizontal surfaces in the multifunctional drilling assemblies on all the drilling machines, and continuously controlling the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the horizontal surfaces in the multifunctional drilling assemblies to vertically drill down the stratum to the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole so as to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole, thereby forming the rectangular anti-skid pile hole.

In step S1, selecting a connection form between the drilling machine and a drill carriage positioned on the ground according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole, wherein the connection form is connected through a vertical drill rod or connected through a cable;

if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drilling rod, the vertical drilling rod is arranged on the drill carriage, and the lower end of the vertical drilling rod is connected with the drilling machine;

And if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drilling rod, arranging the cable on the drill carriage, and hoisting the drilling machine at the lower end of the cable.

The drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine by adopting the vertical drill rod, a rotating motor is arranged on the steel cantilever and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate;

when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine through the cable, a set of hoisting motors are fixedly arranged on the steel cantilever beam and drive the cable to hoist the drilling machine in the vertical direction, and a cable bracket is fixedly arranged below the steel cantilever beam.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is an earthen stratum;

the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system and a grouting system;

The stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism; the stirring box is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port and a slurry inlet; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or driven by a stirring motor, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

the slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe and multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes branched from the suction ports of the slag sucking main pipe, suction heads of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes are connected into the multifunctional drill assembly and are arranged close to the cylindrical drill assembly, multifunctional slag sucking valves are arranged at the suction heads, and the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes are connected with the slag sucking main pipe through telescopic pipes;

the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein one port of the grouting main pipe is communicated with a grouting port on the stirring box so as to send slurry into the stirring box;

The slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and one port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with a slag discharging port on the stirring box so as to pump sludge in the stirring box to the ground for collection.

The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, wherein the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills are composed of a cylinder and a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies which are uniformly arranged on the surface of the cylinder, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinder on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

the sliding reaction frame comprises a reaction plate, a rail plate and a connecting plate, wherein the rail plate is arranged at the top of the reaction plate, T-shaped sliding rails are respectively fixed at two sides of the bottom of the rail plate, the connecting plates are respectively fixed at two sides of a web of the U-shaped fork plate, a sliding block is fixed at the top of the connecting plate, a T-shaped sliding chute matched with the T-shaped sliding rail is arranged in the sliding block, the end face of a cylinder barrel of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected with the vertical web of the U-shaped fork plate.

In the step S2 and the step S5, in the process that all the multifunctional drilling components on the drilling machine vertically drill down earth formations, a slag sucking valve on the suction head, which is close to the cylindrical drilling components on the vertical surface, in the multifunctional drilling components is closed, and a slag sucking valve on the suction head, which is close to the cylindrical drilling components on the horizontal surface, in the multifunctional drilling components is opened, so that the crushed sludge of the multifunctional drilling components is sucked into the crushing device, the crushing device crushes the sucked sludge for the second time and then sends the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps mud into the stirring box in real time to mix with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

in step S3, in the process of forming the haunched hole by drilling the earth formation by the multifunctional drilling assembly on the drilling machine near the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, starting the slag sucking valves corresponding to all the suction heads on the drilling machine so as to suck the sludge crushed by the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, and sending the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring after secondary crushing by the crushing device, wherein the grouting system pumps slurry into the stirring box in real time to mix with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

In step S4, in the process of driving the multifunctional drilling assembly to horizontally move outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine near the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, closing a slag sucking valve on the suction head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly, and opening a slag sucking valve on the suction head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly so as to suck the sludge crushed by the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, and sending the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring after the crushing device secondarily crushes the sludge, wherein the grouting system pumps the sludge into the stirring box in real time so as to mix the sludge with the sludge; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the mud slag and mud mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is a rock stratum;

the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism arranged on the stirring box; the slag suction port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag suction system, and the slag discharge port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag discharge system; the grouting system is communicated into the multifunctional drill assembly; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven to rotate by a stirring motor or driven to rotate by the lower end of the vertical drill rod, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

the slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and the lower port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with the slag discharging port on the stirring box;

the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe, grouting pumps and multifunctional grouting branch pipes, one end of the grouting main pipe is connected with the grouting pumps which are located on the ground, the other end of the grouting main pipe is connected with a plurality of multifunctional grouting branch pipes, spray heads of the multifunctional grouting branch pipes are connected into the multifunctional drilling assembly and are close to the cylindrical drilling assembly, multifunctional grouting valves are arranged at the spray heads, and the multifunctional grouting branch pipes are connected with the grouting main pipe through telescopic pipes.

The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, wherein the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylinders, a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hob assemblies arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between the adjacent hob assemblies, wherein each hob assembly comprises a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, each reamer assembly comprises a reamer base and a reamer obliquely fixed on the reamer base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

In the steps S2 and S5, in the process of vertically downwards drilling rock strata by all the multifunctional drilling components on the drilling machine, closing a slag sucking valve on the suction head and a grouting valve on the spray head, which are arranged close to the cylindrical drilling components on the vertical surface, in the multifunctional drilling components, and opening a grouting valve on the spray head, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling components on the horizontal surface, in the multifunctional drilling components, so as to continuously inject slurry into the rock surface where the multifunctional drilling components drill, and simultaneously opening a slag sucking valve on the suction head, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling components on the horizontal surface, in the multifunctional drilling components, so as to suck the mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry of the multifunctional drilling components into the crushing device, and the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry and then delivering the mixture into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

In step S3, in the process of drilling a rock stratum to form the haunched hole by the multifunctional drilling assembly on the drilling machine near the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, grouting valves corresponding to all the spray heads on the drilling machine are opened so as to perform continuous slurry injection on a rock surface where the multifunctional drilling assembly drills, and simultaneously, slag sucking valves on all the suction heads are opened so as to suck the sludge crushed by the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, the crushing device crushes the sucked sludge for the second time and then sends the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps slurry into the stirring box in real time so as to mix the slurry with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

in step S4, in the process of driving the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine near the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part to move horizontally outwards, closing a slag sucking valve on the suction head and a grouting valve on the spray head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly, and opening a grouting valve on the spray head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly to perform continuous slurry injection on the rock surface where the multifunctional drilling assembly drills, and simultaneously opening a slag sucking valve on the suction head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly to suck the mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry in the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, wherein the crushing device is used for crushing the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry in the multifunctional drilling assembly for a second time and then sending the mixture into the stirring tank; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) According to different sizes of the rectangular pile holes, arranging corresponding number of drilling machines which form a rectangular structure on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machines so as to drill the rectangular pile holes;

(2) Based on the depth of the pile hole to be drilled, a drill rod or a cable can be selected to realize hoisting connection of the drilling machine; the multifunctional drilling assembly is arranged on the drilling machine to drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with haunched horizontal cantilever structures in the soil stratum or the rock stratum;

(3) The multifunctional cylindrical drill in the soil body or the rock body can realize the drilling of rectangular pile holes in mutually perpendicular directions;

(4) The haunching, the horizontal cantilever and the vertical pile body can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, so that the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost are achieved;

(5) Aiming at the soil stratum, the construction environment is improved and the slurry cost is saved by combining vacuum slag suction and slurry slag discharge; aiming at a rock stratum, the slurry is added into a drilling interface in a supplementing way to be mixed with rock so as to realize suction, and slag is crushed for the second time through a crushing box, so that pile holes can be better discharged, and the blockage of a slag discharge pipe is prevented;

(6) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, the uninterrupted synchronous running of drilling and deslagging is realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved;

(7) Rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever can be drilled in the rock stratum through the cylindrical drilling assembly with the reamer and the hob distributed at intervals.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view (one) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the positions of the cross sections of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view (II) of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a D-D cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a multi-function drill assembly according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 9 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the G-G of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a section view of the H-H of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view I-I of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic top view showing the mechanical hole forming method of rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever for reamer drilling according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of the mechanical hole forming process of rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever for reamer drilling according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever in the reamer-type hole forming method according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a cylindrical drill assembly according to example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing the structure of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

as shown in fig. 1-21, the labels in the figures are respectively:

1. the multifunctional drill assembly comprises a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag sucking system, a pipeline fixing frame, a slag discharging system, a grouting system and a drill carriage, wherein the stirring device, the crushing device, the slag sucking system, the pipeline fixing frame, the slag discharging system, the grouting system and the drill carriage are arranged in sequence;

11. a cylindrical drill assembly, 12. A U-shaped fork plate, 13. A sliding reaction frame, 14. A horizontal hydraulic cylinder, 111. A cylinder, 112. A reamer assembly, 113. A hob assembly, 114. A motor, 115. A motor shaft, 116. A reamer assembly, 1121. A reamer base, 1122, a reamer, 1131. A hob base, 1132. A hob, 121. A wing plate, 122. A vertical web, 123, a horizontal web plate, 124, a steel support, 125, a rotating shaft hole, 126, a multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole, 127, a multifunctional slag suction main pipe through hole, 128, a multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole, 129, a multifunctional grouting main pipe through hole, 131, a counter-force plate, 132, a rail plate, 133, a T-shaped sliding rail, 134, a sliding block, 135, a T-shaped sliding groove, 136 and a connecting plate;

21. The stirring box comprises a stirring box body 22, a double-layer large blade, a stirring main rotating shaft 23, a double-layer small blade, a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 25, a single-layer small blade, a main gear 27, a main gear 28, a main gear isolation pad 29, an auxiliary gear 210, an auxiliary gear isolation pad 211, a steel cover plate 212, a stirring motor 213 and a drill rod;

31. the crushing box 32, the middle partition plate 33, the connecting pipe 34, the rack 35, the fan motor 36, the fan blades 37, the crushing knife 38 and the filter screen;

41. the slag sucking main pipe is 42, the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe is 43, the telescopic pipe is 44, the suction head is 45, and the multifunctional slag sucking valve is 45;

51. the concrete pouring device comprises a top steel plate, a middle steel plate, a bottom steel plate, a side vertical plate, a square through hole, a slag discharging pipe fixing hole and a grouting pipe fixing hole, wherein the top steel plate, the middle steel plate, the bottom steel plate, the side vertical plate, the square through hole and the slag discharging pipe fixing hole are respectively formed in the bottom steel plate, the side vertical plate and the slag discharging pipe fixing hole, the slag discharging pipe fixing hole is respectively formed in the side vertical plate, the slag discharging;

61. slag discharging pipe 62. Slag discharging pump;

71. the grouting device comprises a grouting main pipe 72, a grouting pump 73, a multifunctional grouting branch pipe 74, a spray head 75 and a multifunctional grouting valve;

81. winch motor 82, fixed shaft 83, cable 84, cable bracket 85, steel cantilever beam 86, slide block 87, steel upright post 88, guide rail 89, hinge shaft 810, pull rod 811, vehicle platform 812, rotary motor;

a. rock-soil stratum b, drilling machine c, free section pile hole d, armpit hole e, horizontal cantilever pile hole f, embedding section pile hole and g, pile hole to be dug.

Description of the embodiments

The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings, to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

example 1: as shown in fig. 1-17, the present embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular pile with a horizontal cantilever by using a reamer, in this embodiment, a rock-soil stratum a and a rectangular deep hole slide-resistant pile are taken as examples, and when a haunched hole and a pile hole of the horizontal cantilever are simultaneously constructed, the method specifically includes the following steps:

(S1) combining a plurality of drills b according to the rectangular pile hole size to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the rectangular pile hole size. The method comprises the steps of installing a drill carriage 8 and a drilling machine b on the ground of a construction site, wherein the drilling machine b is hoisted by the lower end of a cable 83 on the drill carriage 8, and sequentially comprises a pipeline fixing frame 5, a slag body treatment mechanism and a multifunctional drill assembly 1 from top to bottom, and the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device 2, a crushing device 3, a slag suction system 4, a slag discharge system 6 and a grouting system 7.

As shown in fig. 1, the drill carriage 8 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 811, a steel upright post 87, a pull rod 810, a hinge shaft 89, a guide rail 88, a sliding block 86, a steel cantilever beam 85, a cable bracket 84, a hoisting motor 81, a fixed shaft 82 and a cable 83, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 811 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright post 87 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 811, the pull rod 810 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcement effect on the steel upright post 87, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 810 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post 87, and the lower end of the pull rod 810 is hinged with the hinge shaft 89 of the vehicle-mounted platform 811; the guide rail 88 is attached and fixed along the steel upright post 87 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 86 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 88 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 85 is fixed on the sliding block 86, the cable bracket 84 is fixed on the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 85, the hoisting motor 81 is fixed on the steel cantilever beam 85 through the fixed shaft 82, and the hoisting motor 81 is used for driving the cable 83 and a drilling machine hoisted at the lower end of the cable 83 to do lifting motion. Moreover, the drilling machine can move downwards under the dead weight pressure of the drilling machine due to the fact that the dead weight of the drilling machine is large, the effect that a drill rod is required to be pressed downwards in the past is not needed, and the cable 83 has a sufficient length, so that the drilling requirement for a rectangular deep hole can be met.

As shown in fig. 1-10, the multifunctional drill assembly 1 can be used for deep hole drilling of rectangular anti-slide piles, horizontal cantilever pile hole drilling and haunching hole drilling, respectively. The multifunctional drill assembly 1 comprises a plurality of cylindrical drill assemblies 11, a U-shaped fork plate 12, a sliding reaction frame 13 and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14, wherein the cylindrical drill assemblies 11 are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate 12 and are arranged in a matrix manner on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane, namely, the multifunctional drill assemblies 1 can form rectangular excavation surfaces on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, in the embodiment, the cylindrical drill assemblies 11 are arranged in a right-angle plane, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the sliding reaction frame 13 and drives the U-shaped fork plate 12 to move laterally so as to drive the cylindrical drill assemblies 11 to move laterally synchronously.

The U-shaped fork plate 12 is composed of a web plate, wing plates 121 arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support 124 arranged in the middle of the web plate, wherein the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate 123 and a vertical web plate 122, and the two web plates form a right-angle surface structure and correspond to the arrangement mode of the cylindrical drill assembly 11. The cylindrical drill assembly 11 includes two cylindrical drills and a motor 114 for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate, in this embodiment, the cylindrical drill assembly 11 is provided with 5 sets (10 cylindrical drills in total), 2 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (4 cylindrical drills in total) are provided on a vertical plane, and 4 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (8 cylindrical drills in total) are provided on a horizontal plane. The cylindrical drill consists of a cylinder 111, a plurality of hob assemblies 113 distributed on the surface of the cylinder 111 at intervals and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 distributed between adjacent hob assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111, specifically, the height of the hob assemblies 113 protruding out of the cylinder 111 is higher than that of the reamer assemblies 112, so that when a rock mass is cut, the hob 1132 on the hob assemblies 113 firstly contacts the rock mass, namely, the hob assemblies 113 firstly fracture the rock surface which is in a whole into a plurality of large rocks, and then further twist-cut the large rocks on the excavated surface into small-diameter rock masses (or rock slag) through the reamer assemblies 112; hob assembly 113 includes a hob base 1131 and a ring of hob 1132 secured to hob base 1131; the reamer assembly 112 includes a reamer base 1121 and a reamer 1122, and the reamer 1122 is in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the reamer base 1121 to facilitate the reaming of a rock formation. For rock mass, if the hob 1132 is adopted to directly crush the rock mass of the excavated surface or the reamer 1122 is directly used for cutting, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the hob and reamer materials are required to meet higher requirements, so that the development difficulty of the hob and reamer materials is increased, and the construction cost is increased. The hob 1132 and the reamer 1122 are combined, and the hob 1132 only fractures the rock mass of the excavated surface, so that the strength of the rock mass is reduced, the reamer 1122 is beneficial to cutting the rock mass more easily, the requirements on the strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of the hob and the reamer material can be correspondingly reduced, and the wear of the reamer and the hob can be reduced. Therefore, the method of combining the rock mass with the low strength after the hob 1132 is firstly used for fracturing the rock mass with the excavated face and then the reamer 1122 is used for cutting the rock mass with the low strength after the fracturing is adopted, so that the working efficiency can be improved, the cutter abrasion can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced. The steel support 124 is welded or bolted to the casing of the motor 114, and the motor shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the cylinders 111 on both sides to rotate, and the ends of the motor shaft 115 are supported in the shaft holes 125 of the wing plates 121 on both sides. The sliding reaction frame 13 comprises a reaction plate 131, a rail plate 132 and a connecting plate 136, the rail plate 132 is arranged at the top of the reaction plate 131, T-shaped sliding rails 133 are fixed on two sides of the bottom of the rail plate 132, the connecting plate 136 is respectively fixed on two sides of a web plate of the U-shaped fork plate 12, a sliding block 134 is fixed on the top of the connecting plate 136, a T-shaped sliding groove 135 matched with the T-shaped sliding rail 133 is formed in the sliding block 134, the cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the reaction plate 131 of the sliding reaction frame 13, a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected with the vertical web plate 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 drives the sliding block 134 on the connecting plate 136 to move laterally by driving the vertical web plate 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12, and as the T-shaped sliding groove 135 in the sliding block 134 is matched with the T-shaped sliding rail 133 on the rail plate 132, the guiding function can be achieved, and the stability and the safety of the lateral movement of the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 are ensured.

When the multifunctional drill assembly 1 performs deep hole drilling of the rectangular anti-slide pile, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 does not work (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is in the minimum stroke), the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drill assembly 1 works, and the multifunctional drill assembly 1 drills down the rectangular pile hole; when the multifunctional drill assembly 1 excavates the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 works (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 stretches to the side part), the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drill assembly 1 works, and the multifunctional drill assembly 1 drills the horizontal cantilever pile hole to the side part; when the multifunctional drill assembly 1 excavates the haunched hole, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 works (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 stretches to the side), the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drill assembly 1 works, and the multifunctional drill assembly 1 drills the haunched hole downwards and to the side.

In addition, the rail plate 132 is further provided with a multifunctional slag suction main pipe through hole 127 and a multifunctional grouting main pipe through hole 129 which are respectively used for fixing the slag suction main pipe 41 of the slag suction system 4 and the grouting main pipe 71 of the grouting system 7, and the web is provided with a multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole 126 and a multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole 128 which are respectively used for fixing the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 42 of the slag suction system 4 and the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73 of the grouting system 7. The multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 42 is connected with the slag suction main pipe 41 through the telescopic pipe 43, and the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73 is also connected with the grouting main pipe 71 through the telescopic pipe 43, so that the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73 move along with each other when the multifunctional drill assembly 1 moves laterally.

As shown in fig. 1-14, the rock slag treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device 2, a crushing device 3, a slag suction system 4, a slag discharge system 6 and a grouting system 7.

The stirring device 2 mainly comprises a stirring box 21 and a stirring mechanism, wherein the stirring box 21 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of a sliding reaction frame 13 (a rail plate 132), the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear 27 and a plurality of auxiliary gears 29 meshed with the main gear 27 for transmission, the main gear 27 is driven to rotate by a stirring motor 212 so as to further drive the auxiliary gears 29 to rotate, a stirring main rotating shaft 23 extending into the stirring box 21 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 27, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft 23, and the stirring blades adopt double-layer large blades 22; each auxiliary gear 29 is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 25 extending into the stirring box 21, the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 25 is also provided with stirring blades, part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 25 adopt double-layer small blades 24, and the other part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 25 adopt single-layer small blades 26, so that evenly mixed slurry can be obtained by stirring the rock slag and slurry of the stirring box 21, and the discharge is facilitated. In order to avoid that slurry in the stirring tank 21 permeates into the gear box where the main gear 27 and the auxiliary gear 29 are located during stirring, a main gear isolation pad 28 is arranged at the joint of the stirring main rotating shaft 23 and the stirring tank 21, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 210 is arranged at the joint of the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 25 and the stirring tank 21. As shown in fig. 4, a steel cover plate 211 is arranged on the top of the gear box where the main gear 27 and the auxiliary gear 29 are arranged and is used for being connected with the pipe fixing frame 5. The stirring tank 21 is provided with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

The slag sucking system 4 is connected to the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 21, the slag sucking system 4 mainly comprises a slag sucking main pipe 41 and a multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 42, one end of the slag sucking main pipe 41 is communicated with the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 21 through the crushing device 3, the other end (namely, a sucking end) of the slag sucking main pipe 41 is connected with a plurality of multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes 42, the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 42 extends into the multifunctional drilling assembly 1, a suction head 44 of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 42 is close to the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 so that the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 42 can suck and cut rock slag which is stirred out, and a multifunctional slag sucking valve 45 is arranged at the suction head 44 and used for controlling on-off of a pipeline.

The pumped rock slag is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 3 and then enters the stirring tank 21, the crushing device 3 mainly comprises a crushing tank 31, a middle partition plate 32, a connecting pipe 33, a rack 34, a fan motor 35, fan blades 36, crushing blades 37 and a filter screen 38, the middle partition plate 32 is obliquely arranged in the crushing tank 31 to form a ramp which is beneficial to the flow of the rock slag, the fan motor 35 is arranged on a top plate in the crushing tank 31 through the rack 34, the fan blades 36 are arranged on a rotating shaft of the fan motor 35, the fan motor 35 and the fan blades 36 rotating at high speed can form negative pressure pumping in a slag suction main pipe 41, a crushing cutter 37 is arranged at the installation position of the fan motor 35, so that the pumped rock slag can enter the stirring tank 21 through the connecting pipe 33 after being crushed by the crushing cutter 37, and a screen 38 is arranged at the end face of the fan motor 35 to filter the large-particle rock slag, and the rock slag is prevented from flowing into the stirring tank 21 from the fan motor 35.

The grout outlet of the grouting system 7 extends into the multifunctional drill assembly 1, the grouting system 7 mainly comprises a grouting main pipe 71, a grouting pump 72 and a multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73, one end of the grouting main pipe 71 is connected with the grouting pump 72 positioned on the ground, and the other end of the grouting main pipe is connected with the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73. The multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73 extends into the multifunctional drill assembly 1, a spray head 74 of the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73 is close to the cylindrical drill assembly 11, mud is injected into the rock slag through the grouting system 7, so that the rock slag is mixed with the mud, extraction of the slag suction system 4 is facilitated, and a multifunctional grouting valve 75 is arranged at the spray head 74 and used for controlling on-off of a pipeline.

The slag discharging port of the stirring tank 21 is connected with a slag discharging system 6 from the ground, the slag discharging system 6 comprises a slag discharging pipe 61 and a slag discharging pump 62, the lower end of the slag discharging pipe 61 is communicated with the slag discharging port of the stirring tank 21, and the port of the slag discharging pipe extends downwards to a certain depth so as to facilitate pumping more slurry, and the slag discharging pipe 61 pumps the uniformly stirred slurry from the stirring tank 21 to the ground through the slag discharging pump 62 for collection.

As shown in fig. 1 to 14, the pipe fixing frame 5 has a box-shaped structure, and includes a top steel plate 51, a middle steel plate 52, a bottom steel plate 53, and a plurality of side vertical plates 54 connecting the three, in addition, square through holes 55 are formed in the bottom steel plate 53 of the pipe fixing frame 5 for mounting the stirring motor 212, and in addition, slag pipe fixing holes 56 through which slag pipes 61 pass and grouting pipe fixing holes 57 through which grouting main pipes 71 pass are formed in the top steel plate 51, the middle steel plate 52, and the bottom steel plate 53. In order to avoid pipe wobble during drilling, the pipe holder 5 may provide a fixing for each pipe passing through.

As shown in fig. 15, in this embodiment, when the pile hole g to be dug is drilled on the rock-soil layer a, two or four drilling machines b may be provided on the rectangular slide-resistant pile drilling machine, and when two drilling machines b are provided, the free-section pile hole c, the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drilling machines (synchronous operation); when four drills b are provided, a free-section pile hole c is drilled by the four drills b (synchronous operation), and a haunched hole d and a horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drills b (synchronous operation) provided near the excavated portions of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

(S2) before preparing to drill downwards, the piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 14 on all drilling machines b are in a standby state of minimum stroke, and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 (on all drilling machines b) is controlled to drill vertical rectangular pile holes to form free section pile holes c until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile holes e.

In this process, the suction head 44 on the multifunctional suction slag branch pipe 42 and the spray head 74 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 (on all drilling machines b) on the horizontal plane are respectively used for sucking slag and grouting, and the crushing device 3 is used for crushing the sucked rock mass and slurry mixture for the second time and then sending the crushed rock mass and slurry mixture into the stirring box 21 for stirring; the slag discharging system 6 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 21 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S3) after the multi-functional drill assemblies 1 (on all the drills b) reach the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, moving the multi-functional drill assemblies 1 (on all the drills b) up to the top design elevation of the haunched hole d, as shown in fig. 17; the cylinder drilling assembly 11 and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 on the drilling machine b which are close to the excavation parts of the haunching hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e are started, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 stretches towards the side part of the rock mass while the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 moves downwards so as to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 to move laterally, so that the cylinder drilling assembly 11 on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 drills the rock mass to form the haunching hole d.

In the process, the suction head 44 on the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the spray head 74 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface (on the drilling machine b arranged near the excavation part of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) respectively suck slag and grouting, and the crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and slurry mixture for the second time and then sends the crushed rock and slurry mixture into the stirring box 21 for stirring; the slag discharging system 6 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 21 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S4) after the multifunctional drilling module 1 (on all drilling machines b) reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, the piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders 14 (on the drilling machines b arranged near the haunched hole d and the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) continue to extend towards the side of the rock mass so as to drive the multifunctional drilling module 1 to move laterally, so that the cylindrical drilling module 11 on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling module 1 drills the rock mass to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

In this process, the suction head 44 on the multifunctional suction slag branch pipe 42 and the spray head 74 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill component 11 on the vertical surface (on the drilling machine b arranged near the excavation part of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) respectively suck slag and grouting, and the crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and slurry mixture for the second time and then sends the crushed rock and slurry mixture into the stirring box 21 for stirring; the slag discharging system 6 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 21 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S5) after the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is drilled to the designed length, as shown in FIG. 17, the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 (on the drilling machine b arranged near the haunched hole d and the excavated part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) is closed, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is contracted to the minimum stroke, so that the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 moves back into the free section pile hole c.

In this process, the suction head 44 on the multifunctional slag suction manifold 42 and the shower head 74 on the multifunctional grouting manifold 73 on the vertical face (on the drill b provided near the excavated portion of the haunched hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) are closed.

The cylindrical drilling assembly 11 (on all drilling machines b) on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 is started, and the embedded section pile hole f is drilled downwards until the design depth of the embedded section pile hole f.

As shown in fig. 16, when only the horizontal cantilever pile hole is constructed, the construction method steps are as follows:

(S1) in the rock-soil layer a, a vertical rectangular pile hole is drilled to form a free section pile hole c by using the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 on all drilling machines b until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

(S2) after the multi-functional drill assembly 1 (on all drills b) reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, closing the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multi-functional drill assembly 1.

During this process, the suction head 44 on the multifunctional suction manifold 42 and the shower head 74 on the multifunctional grouting manifold 73 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane (on all drills b) are turned off.

And opening a cylindrical drilling assembly 11 and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 on a vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 on the drilling machine b, which are arranged near the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, wherein a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 extends towards the side part of the rock mass so as to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 to move laterally, so that the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 drills the rock mass to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

In this process, the suction head 44 on the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 42 and the spray head 74 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 73 near the cylindrical drill component 11 on the vertical surface (on the drilling machine b arranged near the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) respectively suck slag and grouting, and the crushing device 3 crushes the sucked rock and slurry mixture for the second time and then sends the crushed rock and slurry mixture into the stirring box 21 for stirring; the slag discharging system 6 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 21 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

And (S3) after the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is drilled to the designed length, closing the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 (on the drilling machine b arranged near the excavation part of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1, and retracting the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 to the minimum stroke to enable the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 to move back into the free section pile hole c.

In this process, the suction head 44 on the multifunctional slag suction manifold 42 and the shower head 74 on the multifunctional grouting manifold 73 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical face (on the drilling machine b provided near the excavated portion of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) are closed.

The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

(2) The horizontal and vertical multifunctional cylindrical drills with the reamer and the hob are distributed at intervals through the cable, so that a horizontal cantilever or a rectangular pile hole with a haunched horizontal cantilever structure is drilled in a deep rock body;

(3) The multifunctional cylindrical drill in the rock mass can realize the drilling of rectangular pile holes in mutually perpendicular directions;

(4) The haunching structure, the horizontal cantilever structure and the vertical pile body can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, so that the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost are achieved;

(5) Rock is crushed for the second time through the crushing box, so that the pile hole can be better discharged, and the slag discharge pipe is prevented from being blocked;

(6) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, uninterrupted synchronous drilling and deslagging are realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved.

Example 2: the present embodiment relates specifically to a mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers for reamer drilling, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the construction of rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua piles in the rock-soil layer a is required, as shown in fig. 18, the drill carriage 8 is connected to a drilling machine through a vertical drill pipe 213.

The drill carriage 8 comprises a vehicle-mounted platform 811, a steel upright post 87, a pull rod 810, a hinge shaft 89, a guide rail 88, a sliding block 86, a steel cantilever beam 85 and a rotating motor 812, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 811 is provided with a walking crawler wheel and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright post 87 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 811, the pull rod 810 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing effect on the steel upright post 87, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 810 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post 87, and the lower end of the pull rod 810 is hinged with the hinge shaft 89 on the vehicle-mounted platform 811; the guide rail 88 is attached and fixed along the steel upright post 87 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 86 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 88 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 85 is fixed on the sliding block 86, the rotating motor 812 is installed on the steel cantilever beam 85, and the vertically arranged drill rod 213 is driven by the rotating motor 812 to rotate and can move along with the sliding block 86 in the vertical direction, namely, the drill rod 213 can drill downwards under the drive of the sliding block 83.

When the drill carriage 8 is connected to the drill by using the drill rod 213, the main gear 27 in the stirring mechanism is not required to be additionally provided with the stirring motor 212 to drive the drill, and the lower end of the drill rod 213 may be directly connected to the main gear 27 to drive and rotate the drill.

The remaining steps of the hole forming construction method in this embodiment are identical to those in embodiment 1, and will not be described again.

Example 3: the present embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers for reamer drilling, and the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the construction of rectangular deep hole slide-resistant piles in the soil stratum is required, so the grouting system 7 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11 are improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 19, the grouting system 7 in the multifunctional drilling module 1 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 21, the drilled mud residue can be pumped into the stirring tank 21 by the slag suction system 4 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 7 can further adjust the mud residue concentration by grouting into the stirring tank 21 so as to be beneficial to the slag discharging system 6 to discharge the mud mixture in the stirring tank 21.

As shown in fig. 20, the soil stratum is dug in this example, the soil stratum intensity is lower, the surface of the cylinder 111 of the cylinder drill assembly 11 is uniformly provided with a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies 116 instead, the stirring cutter assemblies 116 comprise a stirring cutter base and stirring cutters, and the stirring cutters are in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the stirring cutter base, so that soil mass stirring and digging are facilitated.

Example 4: the present embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers in reamer drilling, which is different from embodiment 1 in that rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua piles are required to be constructed in an earthen stratum, so that the grouting system 7 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11 are improved, and the connection mode between the drill carriage 8 and the drilling machine is improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 21, the grouting system 7 in the multifunctional drilling module 1 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 21, the drilled mud residue can be pumped into the stirring tank 21 by the slag suction system 4 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 7 can further adjust the mud residue concentration by grouting into the stirring tank 21 so as to be beneficial to the slag discharging system 6 to discharge the mud mixture in the stirring tank 21.

As shown in fig. 21, the drill carriage 8 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 811, a steel upright post 87, a pull rod 810, a hinge shaft 89, a guide rail 88, a slide block 86, a steel cantilever beam 85 and a rotating motor 812, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 811 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright post 87 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 811, the pull rod 810 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing effect on the steel upright post 87, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 810 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post 87, and the lower end of the pull rod 810 is hinged with the hinge shaft 89 on the vehicle-mounted platform 811; the guide rail 88 is attached and fixed along the steel upright post 87 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 86 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 88 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 85 is fixed on the sliding block 86, the rotating motor 812 is installed on the steel cantilever beam 85, and the vertically arranged drill rod 213 is driven by the rotating motor 812 to rotate and can move along with the sliding block 86 in the vertical direction, namely, the drill rod 213 can drill downwards under the drive of the sliding block 83.

Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and thus are not repeated herein.

Claims

1. The mechanical hole forming method for the rectangular pile with the horizontal cantilever and capable of being drilled by the reamer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

2. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers for reamer drilling according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the connection form between the drilling machine and the drill carriage on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile holes, and the connection form is through a vertical drill pipe connection or through a cable connection;

3. The rectangular pile mechanical hole forming method of the horizontal cantilever of the expandable drill belt according to claim 2, wherein the drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright, a pull rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

4. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers for reamer drilling according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the drill is an earthen stratum;

5. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers for reamer drilling according to claim 4, wherein the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, and the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills are composed of a cylinder and a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies which are uniformly arranged on the surface of the cylinder, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinder on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

6. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers for reamer drilling according to claim 5, wherein in step S2 and step S5, in the process of vertically drilling down earth formation by all the multifunctional drilling modules on the drilling machine, a slag sucking valve on the suction head close to the cylindrical drilling module on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling modules is closed, and a slag sucking valve on the suction head close to the cylindrical drilling module on the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling modules is opened, so that the crushed sludge of the multifunctional drilling modules is sucked into the crushing device, the crushed sludge is crushed again by the crushing device and then is sent into the stirring tank for stirring, and the grouting system pumps the sludge into the stirring tank in real time so as to mix the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

7. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers for reamer drilling according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the drill is a rock stratum;

8. The mechanical hole forming method for the rectangular pile with the horizontal cantilever and the reamer capable of being drilled is characterized in that the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, and the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylinders, a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hob assemblies arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between the adjacent hob assemblies, wherein each hob assembly comprises a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, each reamer assembly comprises a reamer base and a reamer obliquely fixed on the reamer base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

9. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilevers for reamer drilling according to claim 8, wherein in the steps S2 and S5, during all the multi-purpose drilling assembly on the drilling machine vertically drills down rock strata, a slag sucking valve on the suction head and a slurry injecting valve on the spray head, which are arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane in the multi-purpose drilling assembly, are closed, and a slurry injecting valve on the spray head, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multi-purpose drilling assembly, are opened, so that continuous slurry injection is performed on the rock face where the multi-purpose drilling assembly drills, and a slag sucking valve on the suction head, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multi-purpose drilling assembly, is opened, so that the mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry in the multi-purpose drilling assembly is sucked into the crushing device, and the mixture is then sent into the stirring tank after the crushed rock blocks and slurry are crushed by the crushing device; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;