CN116905967A

CN116905967A - Mechanical pore-forming method for rectangular anti-slide pile with haunched horizontal cantilever

Info

Publication number: CN116905967A
Application number: CN202311091583.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵璐; 黄昌富; 姚铁军
Original assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-29
Filing date: 2023-08-29
Publication date: 2023-10-20

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical pore-forming method of a rectangular slide-resistant pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever, which comprises the following steps: a slag body treatment mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly and a multifunctional drill assembly are sequentially arranged on the drilling machine from top to bottom; controlling a cylindrical drilling assembly on a horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill the stratum downwards to the top design elevation of the haunched hole; controlling a vertical hydraulic cylinder to drive a multifunctional drilling assembly to continuously drill the stratum downwards to the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole; the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder stretches to drive the multifunctional drill assembly to laterally move, and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder stretches to drive the multifunctional drill assembly to downwardly move so as to drill the stratum to form a haunched hole; controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive a cylindrical drilling assembly on a vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill a horizontal cantilever pile hole outwards; and continuously controlling the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill the stratum downwards to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole.

Description

Mechanical pore-forming method for rectangular anti-slide pile with haunched horizontal cantilever

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment, and particularly relates to a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular anti-slide pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever.

Background

In the projects such as side slope support, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, tunnel entrance and exit construction and the like, the slide-resistant pile is the most effective measure capable of transmitting the side thrust of a rock-soil body into a stable stratum below a sliding surface, resisting the side thrust and treating the projects and geological disasters. The slide-resistant piles are divided into rectangular section slide-resistant piles and circular section slide-resistant piles. The rectangular anti-skid pile has the advantages of high lateral rigidity, high single pile bearing capacity and the like, and can effectively enhance the anti-skid force and improve the anti-skid coefficient. Therefore, rectangular-section slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields.

The traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile has a larger section and can not fully utilize the strength of rock-soil mass in front of the pile. For the anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever structure, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of rock and soil mass in front of the pile, so that the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile is improved, but the hole forming difficulty of a horizontal cantilever pile hole of the rectangular anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever is extremely high. The traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile adopts a manual excavation and mechanical excavation mode, collapse caused by manual hole digging pile construction accounts for 65% of the total number of collapse accidents, and the traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile is low in efficiency, high in cost, and safer and more efficient in mechanical excavation. Therefore, the mechanical drilling of pile holes with the horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles in the rock and soil layers has important significance for ensuring the safety of constructors and improving the efficiency.

At present, rectangular drilling equipment and excavation modes are various, for example:

the patent number CN 106836354A 'rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming device' is characterized in that a rectangular shovel head is formed by a plurality of cutting blades, and a counterweight or a hydraulic propulsion device is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head to drill rectangular pile holes.

The patent number CN 103244053A rectangular drilling machine mainly drives T-shaped cutter heads uniformly distributed at the lower parts of two steel frames to move in opposite directions and reciprocate through two cam bodies, and cuts soil into rectangular holes.

The patent number CN 104533300A rectangular drilling machine is characterized in that a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of a rectangular transmission case, cross-shaped long cutters are arranged on four sides of the rectangular transmission case, the conical drill bit drills to form a circular pile hole, and then the circular pile hole is trimmed into the rectangular pile hole through rotary cutting of the cross-shaped long cutters.

The patent No. CN 207715083U, a rectangular anti-slide pile hole-forming drilling machine, mainly sets a round drilling cylinder and a rectangular drilling cylinder at the bottom of a drill rod, the round drilling cylinder is screwed into a round pile hole, and then the rectangular pile hole is formed by cutting soil around the round pile hole through the rectangular drilling cylinder.

The patent No. CN 105951798A 'rectangular drilling machine' mainly uses a motor to drive four concave waist cylinders with stirring blades to cut soil body, and drills rectangular pile holes.

The existing drilling machine mainly forms vertical rectangular pile holes in a rock-soil body, but has the following problems: (1) The rectangular anti-slide pile hole with the horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in the soil body, and the drilling in rock bodies (broken stone, pebble, hard rock and other strata) cannot be realized; (2) The rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever structure and the vertical pile body cannot be synchronously drilled in the rock body; (3) Other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the slag soil in the pile holes, and the integration level of drilling and deslagging equipment is low, the drilling construction efficiency is low and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mechanical hole forming method for a rectangular slide-resistant pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever, wherein a slag body processing mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly and a multifunctional drilling assembly are sequentially arranged on a drilling machine from top to bottom so as to drill the rectangular slide-resistant pile with the haunched horizontal cantilever, namely, firstly, a vertical drill bit of a multifunctional cylindrical drill is driven to drill a vertical rectangular pile hole to the design depth of the haunched pile hole; then drilling a vertical rectangular pile hole to the design depth of the horizontal cantilever through a vertical drill bit of the vertical multi-stage hydraulic driving multifunctional cylindrical drill, and withdrawing the multifunctional cylindrical drill after drilling is completed; firstly drilling or not drilling the haunched pile holes by using a horizontal and vertical multi-stage hydraulic multifunctional cylindrical drill, then drilling a horizontal cantilever rectangular pile hole, and recovering the multifunctional cylindrical drill after drilling is completed; finally, the multifunctional cylindrical drill continues to drill to the designed depth along the vertical direction.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a mechanical pore-forming method for rectangular slide-resistant piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: a slag body treatment mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly and a multifunctional drill assembly are sequentially arranged on the drilling machine from top to bottom; wherein:

The vertical hydraulic assembly comprises a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders, the end faces of cylinder barrels of the vertical hydraulic cylinders are fixed at the bottom of the slag body treatment mechanism, and piston rods of the vertical hydraulic cylinders are connected with the multifunctional drill assembly;

the multifunctional drill assembly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drill assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding reaction frame and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, wherein the cylindrical drill assemblies are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate and are arranged in a matrix on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding reaction frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally;

s2: the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder are in a standby state with minimum travel, and the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly is controlled to drill the stratum downwards to the top design elevation of the haunched hole; controlling the vertical hydraulic cylinder to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly to continuously drill the stratum downwards to the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole so as to form a free section of the rectangular pile hole;

s3: the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is retracted to the minimum stroke; starting the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly, simultaneously starting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and the vertical hydraulic cylinder, enabling a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to extend to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly to laterally move, enabling the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder to extend to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly to move downwards so as to drill the stratum to form the haunched hole;

S4: controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole outwards until the design length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached;

s5: the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is retracted to the minimum stroke and stops working, and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is retracted to the minimum stroke and stops working; and continuously controlling the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill the stratum downwards to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole so as to form a built-in section of the rectangular pile hole.

In step S1, selecting a connection form between the drilling machine and a drill carriage positioned on the ground according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole, wherein the connection form is connected through a vertical drill rod or connected through a cable;

if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drilling rod, the vertical drilling rod is arranged on the drill carriage, and the lower end of the vertical drilling rod is connected with the drilling machine;

and if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drilling rod, arranging the cable on the drill carriage, and hoisting the drilling machine at the lower end of the cable.

The drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine by adopting the vertical drill rod, a rotating motor is arranged on the steel cantilever and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate;

when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine through the cable, a set of hoisting motors are fixedly arranged on the steel cantilever beam and drive the cable to hoist the drilling machine in the vertical direction, and a cable bracket is fixedly arranged below the steel cantilever beam.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is an earthen stratum;

the slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system and a grouting system;

the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism; the stirring box is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port and a slurry inlet; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or driven by a stirring motor, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

The slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe and multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes branched from the suction ports of the slag sucking main pipe, suction heads of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes are connected into the multifunctional drill assembly and are arranged close to the cylindrical drill assembly, multifunctional slag sucking valves are arranged at the suction heads, and the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes are connected with the slag sucking main pipe through telescopic pipes;

the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein one port of the grouting main pipe is communicated with a grouting port on the stirring box so as to send slurry into the stirring box;

the slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and one port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with a slag discharging port on the stirring box so as to pump sludge in the stirring box to the ground for collection.

The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, wherein the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills are composed of a cylinder and a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies which are uniformly arranged on the surface of the cylinder, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinder on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

The sliding reaction frame comprises a reaction plate, a rail plate and a connecting plate, wherein the rail plate is arranged at the top of the reaction plate, T-shaped sliding rails are fixed on two sides of the bottom of the rail plate, the connecting plates are respectively fixed on two sides of a web plate of the U-shaped fork plate, a sliding block is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, a T-shaped sliding groove matched with the T-shaped sliding rails is formed in the sliding block, the end face of a cylinder barrel of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected with the vertical web plate of the U-shaped fork plate;

the vertical hydraulic assembly further comprises a rigid enclosing block arranged along the circumference of the bottom of the stirring tank, and a circle of rubber pad is arranged at the bottom of the rigid enclosing block.

In the steps S2 and S5, in the process that the multifunctional drilling assembly vertically drills down the earth formation, a slag sucking valve on the suction head close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly is closed, and a slag sucking valve on the suction head close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly is opened, so that the sludge crushed by the multifunctional drilling assembly is sucked into the crushing device, the crushing device secondarily crushes the sucked sludge and then sends the crushed sludge into the stirring tank for stirring, and the grouting system pumps mud into the stirring tank in real time to mix with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

In step S3, in the process of forming the haunched hole by drilling and excavating the soil stratum by the multifunctional drilling assembly, starting slag sucking valves on all the suction heads so as to suck the sludge crushed by the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, crushing the sucked sludge secondarily by the crushing device, and then sending the crushed sludge into the stirring tank for stirring, and pumping the slurry into the stirring tank by the grouting system in real time so as to mix the slurry with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

in step S4, in the process of driving the multifunctional drilling assembly to move horizontally outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, closing a slag sucking valve on the suction head close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly, and opening a slag sucking valve on the suction head close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly so as to suck the sludge crushed by the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, and sending the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring after secondary crushing by the crushing device, wherein the grouting system pumps mud into the stirring box in real time to mix with the sludge; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the mud slag and mud mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is a rock stratum;

the stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism arranged on the stirring box; the slag suction port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag suction system, and the slag discharge port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag discharge system; the grouting system is communicated into the multifunctional drill assembly; the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven to rotate by a stirring motor or driven to rotate by the lower end of the vertical drill rod, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft; the auxiliary gear is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box, and the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft is provided with stirring blades;

The slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and the lower port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with the slag discharging port on the stirring box;

the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe, grouting pumps and multifunctional grouting branch pipes, one end of the grouting main pipe is connected with the grouting pumps which are located on the ground, the other end of the grouting main pipe is connected with a plurality of multifunctional grouting branch pipes, spray heads of the multifunctional grouting branch pipes are connected into the multifunctional drilling assembly and are close to the cylindrical drilling assembly, multifunctional grouting valves are arranged at the spray heads, and the multifunctional grouting branch pipes are connected with the grouting main pipe through telescopic pipes.

The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, wherein the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylinders, a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hob assemblies arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between the adjacent hob assemblies, wherein each hob assembly comprises a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, each reamer assembly comprises a reamer base and a reamer obliquely fixed on the reamer base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

In the steps S2 and S5, in the process that the multifunctional drilling assembly drills down the rock stratum vertically, a slag sucking valve on the suction head and a slurry injecting valve on the spray head, which are arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly, are closed, and a slurry injecting valve on the spray head, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly, is opened so as to continuously inject slurry into the rock surface where the multifunctional drilling assembly drills, and meanwhile, a slag sucking valve on the suction head, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly, is opened so as to suck the mixture of the crushed rock blocks and slurry in the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, and the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry and then sends the mixture into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

In step S3, in the process of drilling the rock stratum to form the haunched hole by the multifunctional drilling assembly, grouting valves on all the spray heads are opened to perform continuous slurry injection on the rock surface where the multifunctional drilling assembly is drilled, and simultaneously, slag sucking valves on all the suction heads are opened to suck the broken sludge of the multifunctional drilling assembly into the breaking device, the breaking device is used for feeding the sucked sludge into the stirring box for stirring after secondary breaking, and the grouting system is used for pumping slurry into the stirring box in real time to mix the slurry with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

in step S4, in the process of driving the multifunctional drilling assembly to move horizontally outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, closing a slag sucking valve on the suction head and a grouting valve on the nozzle, which are arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on a horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly, and opening a grouting valve on the nozzle, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on a vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly, so as to perform continuous slurry injection on a rock surface where the multifunctional drilling assembly drills, and simultaneously opening a slag sucking valve on the suction head, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on a vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly, so as to suck a mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry in the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, and the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the sucked rock blocks and slurry mixture and then delivering the crushed rock blocks and slurry mixture into the stirring box for stirring; and the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) Based on the depth of the pile hole to be drilled, a drill rod or a cable can be selected to realize hoisting connection of the drilling machine; a vertical hydraulic assembly is arranged on the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with haunched horizontal cantilever structures in soil strata or rock strata;

(2) The multifunctional cylindrical drill can realize synchronous expansion and deformation in soil or rock mass, and achieve the purpose of drilling rectangular pile holes in mutually perpendicular directions;

(3) The haunching, the horizontal cantilever and the vertical pile body can be formed at one time without other mechanical assistance, so that the purposes of improving the construction efficiency and saving the construction and equipment cost are achieved;

(4) Aiming at the soil stratum, the construction environment is improved and the slurry cost is saved by combining vacuum slag suction and slurry slag discharge; aiming at a rock stratum, the slurry is added into a drilling interface in a supplementing way to be mixed with rock so as to realize suction, and slag is crushed for the second time through a crushing box, so that pile holes can be better discharged, and the blockage of a slag discharge pipe is prevented;

(5) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, the uninterrupted synchronous running of drilling and deslagging is realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved;

(6) Rectangular pile holes of the horizontal cantilever can be drilled in the rock stratum through the cylindrical drilling assembly with the reamer and the hob distributed at intervals.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the cross sections of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view D-D of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a multi-function drill assembly according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view E-E of FIG. 8 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the G-G of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a section view of the H-H of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view I-I of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the J-J of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the K-K of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the construction steps of a rectangular deep hole drilling machine adapted to synchronous expansion and contraction and turning of a rock stratum drill bit in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a cylindrical drill assembly according to example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

as shown in fig. 1-20, the labels in the figures are respectively:

1. the multifunctional drill assembly comprises a multifunctional drill assembly, a vertical hydraulic assembly, a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag sucking system, a pipeline fixing frame, a slag discharging system, a grouting system and a drill carriage, wherein the multifunctional drill assembly is characterized in that the multifunctional drill assembly is composed of the vertical hydraulic assembly, the stirring device, the crushing device, the slag sucking system, the pipeline fixing frame, the slag discharging system, the grouting system and the drill carriage;

11. a cylindrical drill assembly, 12. A U-shaped fork plate, 13. A sliding reaction frame, 14. A horizontal hydraulic cylinder, 111. A cylinder, 112. A reamer assembly, 113. A hob assembly, 114. A motor, 115. A motor shaft, 116. A reamer assembly, 1121. A reamer base, 1122, a reamer, 1131. A hob base, 1132. A hob, 121. A wing plate, 122. A vertical web, 123, a horizontal web plate, 124, a steel support, 125, a rotating shaft hole, 126, a multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole, 127, a multifunctional slag suction main pipe through hole, 128, a multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole, 129, a multifunctional grouting main pipe through hole, 131, a counter-force plate, 132, a rail plate, 133, a T-shaped sliding rail, 134, a sliding block, 135, a T-shaped sliding groove, 136 and a connecting plate;

21. a vertical hydraulic cylinder 22, a rigid enclosure and a rubber pad 23;

31. the stirring box 32, the double-layer large blade 33, the stirring main rotating shaft 34, the double-layer small blade 35, the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 36, the single-layer small blade 37, the main gear 38, the main gear isolation pad 39, the auxiliary gear 310, the auxiliary gear isolation pad 311, the steel cover plate 312, the stirring motor 313 and the drill rod;

41. The crushing box, 42, middle partition plates, 43, connecting pipes, 44, a rack, 45, a fan motor, 46, fan blades, 47, crushing cutters and 48, and a filter screen;

51. the slag sucking main pipe is 52, the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe is 53, the telescopic pipe is 54, the suction head is 55, and the multifunctional slag sucking valve is 55;

61. the grouting device comprises a top steel plate, a middle steel plate, a bottom steel plate, a side vertical plate, a square through hole, a slag discharge pipe fixing hole and a grouting pipe fixing hole, wherein the top steel plate, the middle steel plate, the bottom steel plate, the side vertical plate, the square through hole and the slag discharge pipe fixing hole are respectively arranged in the top steel plate and the middle steel plate, the bottom steel plate, the side vertical plate, the square through hole and the side steel plate respectively;

71. slag discharging pipe 72. Slag discharging pump;

81. the grouting device comprises a grouting main pipe, 82, a grouting pump, 83, a multifunctional grouting branch pipe, 84, a spray head and 85, and a multifunctional grouting valve;

91. winch motor 92, fixed shaft 93, cable 94, cable bracket 95, steel cantilever beam 96, slide block 97, steel upright post 98, guide rail 99, hinge shaft 910, pull rod 911, vehicle platform 912, rotary motor;

a. rock stratum b, drilling machine c, free section pile hole d, armpit hole e, horizontal cantilever pile hole f, embedding section pile hole.

Description of the embodiments

The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings, to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

example 1: as shown in fig. 1-16, the embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for rectangular slide-resistant piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers, in this embodiment, a rock stratum a and rectangular deep hole slide-resistant piles are taken as an example for illustration, and specifically includes the following steps:

(S1) installing a drill carriage 9 and a drilling machine b on the ground of a construction site, wherein the drilling machine is hoisted by the lower end of a cable 93 on the drill carriage 9, and the drilling machine b sequentially comprises a pipeline fixing frame 6, a slag body processing mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly 2 and a multifunctional drilling assembly 1 from top to bottom, wherein the slag body processing mechanism comprises a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7 and a grouting system 8.

As shown in fig. 1, the drill carriage 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel upright 97, a pull rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slide block 96, a steel cantilever beam 95, a cable bracket 94, a winch motor 91, a fixed shaft 92 and a cable 93, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 911 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 97 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911, the pull rod 910 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcement effect on the steel upright 97, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 97, and the lower end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the hinge shaft 99 of the vehicle-mounted platform 911; the guide rail 98 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 97 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 96 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 98 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the sliding block 96, the cable support 94 is fixed on the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 95, the winch motor 91 is fixed on the steel cantilever beam 95 through the fixed shaft 92, and the winch motor 91 is used for driving the cable 93 and a drilling machine hoisted at the lower end of the cable 93 to do lifting motion. Moreover, the drilling machine can move downwards under the dead weight pressure of the drilling machine due to the fact that the dead weight of the drilling machine is large, the effect that a drill rod is required to be pressed downwards in the past is not needed, and the cable 93 has a sufficient length, so that the drilling requirement for a rectangular deep hole can be met.

As shown in fig. 1-11, the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 comprises a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders 21, a rigid enclosing block 22 and a rubber pad 23, the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are circumferentially arranged along the bottom of a stirring box 31 of the stirring device 3, and the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 synchronously move, in the embodiment, six vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are arranged, the cylinder barrel end faces of the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are fixed at the bottom of the stirring box 31, the piston rods of the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are connected with a sliding reaction frame 13 of the multifunctional drill assembly 1, and the synchronous movement of the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 can drive the multifunctional drill assembly 1 to do lifting movement. The rigidity encloses fender 22 and is provided with the round along agitator tank 31 bottom circumference to vertical pneumatic cylinder 21 is located the inboard that the rigidity enclosed fender 22, and the rigidity encloses the vertical length that keeps off 22 the height equal to when vertical pneumatic cylinder 21 shrink to minimum stroke, and the rigidity encloses fender 22 can protect vertical pneumatic cylinder 21. The rubber pad 23 is provided with a circle along the bottom of the rigid enclosure 22, and when the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is contracted to the minimum stroke, the rigid enclosure 22 can be prevented from colliding with the sliding reaction frame 13 of the multifunctional drill assembly 1, so that a buffering effect is achieved.

As shown in fig. 1-9, the multifunctional drill assembly 1 can be used for deep hole drilling of rectangular anti-slide piles, horizontal cantilever pile hole drilling and haunching hole drilling, respectively. The multifunctional drill assembly 1 comprises a plurality of cylindrical drill assemblies 11, a U-shaped fork plate 12, a sliding reaction frame 13 and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14, wherein the cylindrical drill assemblies 11 are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate 12 and are arranged in a matrix manner on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane, namely, the multifunctional drill assemblies 1 can form rectangular excavation surfaces on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, in the embodiment, the cylindrical drill assemblies 11 are arranged in a right-angle plane, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the sliding reaction frame 13 and drives the U-shaped fork plate 12 to move laterally so as to drive the cylindrical drill assemblies 11 to move laterally synchronously.

The U-shaped fork plate 12 is composed of a web plate, wing plates 121 arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support 124 arranged in the middle of the web plate, wherein the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate 123 and a vertical web plate 122, and the two web plates form a right-angle surface structure and correspond to the arrangement mode of the cylindrical drill assembly 11. The cylindrical drill assembly 11 includes two cylindrical drills and a motor 114 for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate, in this embodiment, the cylindrical drill assembly 11 is provided with 5 sets (10 cylindrical drills in total), 2 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (4 cylindrical drills in total) are provided on a vertical plane, and 4 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (8 cylindrical drills in total) are provided on a horizontal plane. The cylindrical drill consists of a cylinder 111, a plurality of hob assemblies 113 distributed on the surface of the cylinder 111 at intervals and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 distributed between adjacent hob assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111, specifically, the height of the hob assemblies 113 protruding out of the cylinder 111 is higher than that of the reamer assemblies 112, so that when a rock mass is cut, the hob 1132 on the hob assemblies 113 firstly contacts the rock mass, namely, the hob assemblies 113 firstly fracture the rock surface which is in a whole into a plurality of large rocks, and then further twist-cut the large rocks on the excavated surface into small-diameter rock masses (or rock slag) through the reamer assemblies 112; hob assembly 113 includes a hob base 1131 and a ring of hob 1132 secured to hob base 1131; the reamer assembly 112 includes a reamer base 1121 and a reamer 1122, and the reamer 1122 is in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the reamer base 1121 to facilitate the reaming of a rock formation. For rock mass, if the hob 1132 is adopted to directly crush the rock mass of the excavated surface or the reamer 1122 is directly used for cutting, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the hob and reamer materials are required to meet higher requirements, so that the development difficulty of the hob and reamer materials is increased, and the construction cost is increased. The hob 1132 and the reamer 1122 are combined, and the hob 1132 only fractures the rock mass of the excavated surface, so that the strength of the rock mass is reduced, the reamer 1122 is beneficial to cutting the rock mass more easily, the requirements on the strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of the hob and the reamer material can be correspondingly reduced, and the wear of the reamer and the hob can be reduced. Therefore, the method of combining the rock mass with the low strength after the hob 1132 is firstly used for fracturing the rock mass with the excavated face and then the reamer 1122 is used for cutting the rock mass with the low strength after the fracturing is adopted, so that the working efficiency can be improved, the cutter abrasion can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced. The steel support 124 is welded or bolted to the casing of the motor 114, and the motor shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the cylinders 111 on both sides to rotate, and the ends of the motor shaft 115 are supported in the shaft holes 125 of the wing plates 121 on both sides. The sliding reaction frame 13 comprises a reaction plate 131, a rail plate 132 and a connecting plate 136, the rail plate 132 is arranged at the top of the reaction plate 131, T-shaped sliding rails 133 are fixed on two sides of the bottom of the rail plate 132, the connecting plate 136 is respectively fixed on two sides of a web plate of the U-shaped fork plate 12, a sliding block 134 is fixed on the top of the connecting plate 136, a T-shaped sliding groove 135 matched with the T-shaped sliding rail 133 is formed in the sliding block 134, the cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the reaction plate 131 of the sliding reaction frame 13, a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected with the vertical web plate 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 drives the sliding block 134 on the connecting plate 136 to move laterally by driving the vertical web plate 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12, and as the T-shaped sliding groove 135 in the sliding block 134 is matched with the T-shaped sliding rail 133 on the rail plate 132, the guiding function can be achieved, and the stability and the safety of the lateral movement of the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 are ensured.

When the multifunctional drill assembly 1 performs deep hole drilling of the rectangular anti-slide pile, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 does not work (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is in the minimum stroke), the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drill assembly 1 works, and the multifunctional drill assembly 1 drills down the rectangular shallow hole; when the multifunctional drill assembly 1 excavates the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 works (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 stretches to the side part), the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drill assembly 1 works, and the multifunctional drill assembly 1 drills the horizontal cantilever pile hole to the side part; when the multifunctional drill assembly 1 excavates the haunched hole, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 works (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 stretches to the side), the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drill assembly 1 works, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 works (the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 stretches downwards), and the multifunctional drill assembly 1 drills the haunched hole downwards and to the side.

In addition, the rail plate 132 is further provided with a multifunctional slag suction main pipe through hole 127 and a multifunctional grouting main pipe through hole 129 which are respectively used for fixing the slag suction main pipe 51 of the slag suction system 5 and the grouting main pipe 81 of the grouting system 8, and the web is provided with a multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole 126 and a multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole 128 which are respectively used for fixing the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 52 of the slag suction system 5 and the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 of the grouting system 8. The multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 52 is connected with the slag suction main pipe 51 through the telescopic pipe 53, and the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 is connected with the grouting main pipe 81 through the telescopic pipe 53, so that the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 move along with each other when the multifunctional drill assembly 1 moves laterally.

As shown in fig. 1-15, the slag body processing mechanism comprises a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag sucking system 5, a slag discharging system 7 and a grouting system 8.

The stirring device 3 mainly comprises a stirring box 31 and a stirring mechanism, wherein the stirring box 31 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of a sliding reaction frame 13 (a rail plate 132), the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear 37 and a plurality of auxiliary gears 39 meshed with the main gear 37 for transmission, the main gear 37 is driven to rotate by a stirring motor 312 so as to further drive the auxiliary gears 39 to rotate, a stirring main rotating shaft 33 extending into the stirring box 31 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 37, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft 33, and the stirring blades adopt double-layer large blades 32; each auxiliary gear 39 is coaxially provided with a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 extending into the stirring box 31, the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 is also provided with stirring blades, part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 adopt double-layer small blades 34, and the other part of stirring blades on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 adopt single-layer small blades 36, so that uniformly mixed slurry can be obtained by stirring soil residues and slurry of the stirring box 31, and the stirring box is beneficial to discharge. In order to avoid slurry in the stirring tank 31 from penetrating into the gear box where the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gear 39 are located during stirring, a main gear isolation pad 38 is provided at the junction of the stirring main rotating shaft 33 and the stirring tank 31, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is provided at the junction of the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft 35 and the stirring tank 31. As shown in fig. 3, a steel cover plate 311 is arranged on the top of the gear box where the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gear 39 are arranged, and is used for being connected with the pipe fixing frame 6. The stirring tank 31 is provided with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

The slag sucking system 5 is connected to the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 31, the slag sucking system 5 mainly comprises a slag sucking main pipe 51 and a multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 52, one end of the slag sucking main pipe 51 is communicated with the slag sucking port of the stirring tank 31 through the crushing device 4, the other end (namely, a sucking end) of the slag sucking main pipe 51 is connected with a plurality of multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes 52, the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 52 extends into the multifunctional drilling assembly 1, a suction head 54 of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 52 is close to the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 so that the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipe 52 can suck and cut rock slag which is stirred out, and a multifunctional slag sucking valve 55 is arranged at the suction head 54 and used for controlling on-off of a pipeline.

The pumped rock slag is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 4 and then enters the stirring tank 31, the crushing device 4 mainly comprises a crushing tank 41, a middle partition plate 42, a connecting pipe 43, a rack 44, a fan motor 45, fan blades 46, a crushing knife 47 and a filter screen 48, the middle partition plate 42 is obliquely arranged in the crushing tank 41 to form a ramp which is beneficial to the flow of the rock slag, the fan motor 45 is arranged on a top plate in the crushing tank 41 through the rack 44, the fan blades 46 are arranged on a rotating shaft of the fan motor 45, the fan motor 45 and the fan blades 46 rotating at high speed can form negative pressure suction in a slag suction main pipe 51, a crushing knife 47 is arranged at the installation position of the fan motor 45, so that the pumped rock slag can enter the stirring tank 31 through the connecting pipe 43 after being crushed by the crushing knife 47, and a screen 48 is arranged at the end face of the fan motor 45 to filter the large-particle rock slag, and prevent the rock slag from flowing into the stirring tank 31 from the fan motor 45.

The grout outlet of the grouting system 8 extends into the multifunctional drill assembly 1, the grouting system 8 mainly comprises a grouting main pipe 81, a grouting pump 82 and a multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83, one end of the grouting main pipe 81 is connected with the grouting pump 82 located on the ground, and the other end of the grouting main pipe 81 is connected with the multifunctional grouting branch pipes 83. The multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 extends into the multifunctional drilling assembly 1, the spray head 84 of the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 is close to the cylindrical drilling assembly 11, mud is injected into the rock slag through the grouting system 8, so that the rock slag is mixed with the mud, the extraction of the slag suction system 5 is facilitated, and a multifunctional grouting valve 85 is arranged at the spray head 84 and used for controlling the on-off of a pipeline.

The slag discharging port of the stirring box 31 is connected with a slag discharging system 7 from the ground, the slag discharging system 7 comprises a slag discharging pipe 71 and a slag discharging pump 72, the lower end of the slag discharging pipe 71 is communicated with the slag discharging port of the stirring box 31, and the port of the slag discharging pipe is extended downwards to a certain depth so as to facilitate pumping more slurry, and the slag discharging pipe 71 pumps the uniformly stirred slurry from the stirring box 31 to the ground through the slag discharging pump 72 for collection.

As shown in fig. 1 to 15, the pipe fixing frame 6 has a box-shaped structure, and includes a top steel plate 61, a middle steel plate 62, a bottom steel plate 63, and a plurality of side vertical plates 64 connecting the three, in addition, square through holes 65 are formed in the bottom steel plate 63 of the pipe fixing frame 6 for mounting the stirring motor 312, and in addition, slag pipe fixing holes 66 through which slag pipes 71 pass and grouting pipe fixing holes 67 through which grouting main pipes 81 pass are formed in the top steel plate 61, the middle steel plate 62, and the bottom steel plate 63. In order to avoid pipe wobble during drilling, the pipe holder 6 may provide a fixing for each pipe passing. It should be noted that four hanging points are provided on the top steel plate 61 for connecting the cables 93 and ensuring stable hanging of the pipe fixing frame 6.

(S2) before preparing to drill downwards, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 are in a standby state of minimum stroke, and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 is controlled to drill downwards the stratum to the top design elevation of the haunched hole d as shown in FIG. 16.

In the process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the spray head 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane respectively suck slag and grouting, and the crushing device 4 crushes the sucked rock mass and slurry mixture for the second time and sends the crushed rock mass and slurry mixture into the stirring box 31 for stirring; the slag discharging system 7 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 31 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S3) after the multifunctional drilling module 1 reaches the top design elevation of the haunched hole d, starting the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic module 2, and extending the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 downwards, continuing to drill the cylindrical drilling module 11 on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling module 1 downwards until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e to form the free section pile hole c of the rectangular pile hole, as shown in fig. 16.

(S4) as shown in FIG. 16, after the multifunctional drill assembly 1 reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 is retracted to the minimum stroke, that is, the multifunctional drill assembly 1 is positioned at the top design elevation of the haunched hole d.

In this process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slag suction manifold 52 and the shower head 84 on the multifunctional grouting manifold 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane are closed.

(S5) as shown in FIG. 16, the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 is started, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 of the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 are started at the same time, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 stretches towards the side of the rock mass to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 to move laterally, and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 stretches downwards to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 to move downwards, so that the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 drills the rock mass to the side and downwards to form the haunching hole d.

In the process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the spray head 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface respectively suck slag and grouting, and the crushing device 4 crushes the sucked rock and slurry mixture for the second time and sends the crushed rock and slurry mixture into the stirring box 31 for stirring; the slag discharging system 7 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 31 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S6) after the multifunctional drilling module 1 reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, as shown in FIG. 16, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 continues to extend towards the side of the rock mass to drive the multifunctional drilling module 1 to move laterally, so that the cylindrical drilling module 11 on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling module 1 drills the rock mass to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

In the process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the spray head 84 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical surface respectively suck slag and grouting, and the crushing device 4 crushes the sucked rock mass and slurry mixture for the second time and sends the crushed rock mass and slurry mixture into the stirring box 31 for stirring; the slag discharging system 7 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 31 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

(S7) after the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is drilled to the designed length, as shown in FIG. 16, the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 is closed, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is contracted to the minimum stroke, so that the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 moves back into the free section pile hole c, the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is contracted to the minimum stroke, and the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 is moved to the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

In this process, the suction head 54 on the multifunctional slag suction manifold 52 and the shower head 84 on the multifunctional grouting manifold 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical face are closed.

(S8) as shown in FIG. 16, the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly 1 is started, and the setting section pile hole f is drilled downwards until the design depth of the setting section pile hole f.

In the process, the suction heads 54 on the multifunctional grouting branch pipes 83 on the multifunctional suction head 54 on the multifunctional suction head branch pipes 52 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane respectively suck slag and grouting, and the crushing device 4 crushes the sucked rock mass and slurry mixture for the second time and sends the crushed rock mass and slurry mixture into the stirring box 31 for stirring; the slag discharging system 7 pumps and discharges the rock mass and slurry mixture in the stirring box 31 to the ground in real time for collection and treatment.

The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

(1) The horizontal and vertical multifunctional cylindrical drills with the reamer and the hob are distributed at intervals through the cable, so that a horizontal cantilever or a rectangular pile hole with a haunched horizontal cantilever structure is drilled in a deep rock body;

(2) The multifunctional cylindrical drill in the rock mass can realize synchronous expansion and deformation, so as to achieve the purpose of drilling rectangular pile holes in mutually perpendicular directions;

(4) Rock is crushed for the second time through the crushing box, so that the pile hole can be better discharged, and the slag discharge pipe is prevented from being blocked;

(5) Meanwhile, the drilling machine has the functions of drilling and deslagging, the integration level of the drilling machine is high, uninterrupted synchronous drilling and deslagging are realized, the construction procedures are reduced, the construction cost is saved, and the drilling construction efficiency is improved.

Example 2: the present embodiment relates to a mechanical hole forming method for rectangular slide piles with haunched horizontal cantilever, and is different from embodiment 1 in that the construction of rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua piles in a rock stratum is required, and as shown in fig. 17, a drill carriage 9 is connected with a drilling machine through a vertical drill pipe 313.

The drill carriage 9 comprises a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel upright 97, a pull rod 910, a hinged shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a sliding block 96, a steel cantilever beam 95 and a rotary motor 912, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 911 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 97 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911, the pull rod 910 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing effect on the steel upright 97, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 97, and the lower end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the hinged shaft 99 on the vehicle-mounted platform 911; the guide rail 98 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 97 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 96 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 98 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the slide block 96, the rotary motor 912 is installed on the steel cantilever beam 95, and the vertically arranged drilling rod 313 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 912 and can move along with the slide block 96 in the vertical direction, namely, the drilling rod 313 can drill downwards under the drive of the slide block 93.

When the drill carriage 9 is connected to the drill by using the drill rod 313, the main gear 37 in the stirring mechanism is not required to be additionally provided with the stirring motor 312 to drive the drill, and the lower end of the drill rod 313 can be directly connected to the main gear 37 to drive and rotate the drill.

The remaining steps of the hole forming construction method in this embodiment are identical to those in embodiment 1, and will not be described again.

Example 3: the present embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for rectangular slide piles with haunched horizontal cantilever, and the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the construction of rectangular deep hole slide piles is required in the soil stratum, so the grouting system 8 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11 are improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 18, the grouting system 8 in the multifunctional drilling module 1 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 31, the drilled mud residue can be pumped into the stirring tank 31 by the slag suction system 5 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 8 can further adjust the mud residue concentration by grouting into the stirring tank 31 so as to be beneficial to the slag discharging system 7 to discharge the mud mixture in the stirring tank 31.

As shown in fig. 19, the soil stratum is dug in this example, the soil stratum intensity is lower, the surface of the cylinder 111 of the cylinder drill assembly 11 is uniformly provided with a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies 116 instead, the stirring cutter assemblies 116 comprise a stirring cutter base and stirring cutters, and the stirring cutters are in an inclined installation posture under the fixation of the stirring cutter base, so as to facilitate stirring and digging of soil.

Example 4: the present embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical hole forming method for rectangular slide piles with haunched horizontal cantilever, which is different from embodiment 1 in that rectangular shallow Kong Kanghua piles are required to be constructed in an earthen stratum, so that the grouting system 8 and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 are improved, and the connection mode between the drill carriage 9 and the drilling machine is improved, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 20, the grouting system 8 in the multifunctional drilling module 1 in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be led into the stirring tank 31, the drilled mud residue can be pumped into the stirring tank 31 by the slag suction system 5 without supplementing grouting for stirring, and the grouting system 8 can further adjust the mud residue concentration by grouting into the stirring tank 31 so as to be beneficial to the slag discharging system 7 to discharge the mud mixture in the stirring tank 31.

As shown in fig. 20, the drill carriage 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel upright 97, a pull rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slide block 96, a steel cantilever beam 95 and a rotating motor 912, wherein the vehicle-mounted platform 911 is provided with a track wheel capable of running and is positioned on the ground, the steel upright 97 is vertically erected at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911, the pull rod 910 forms a diagonal bracing reinforcing function on the steel upright 97, and in particular, the upper end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright 97, and the lower end of the pull rod 910 is hinged with the hinge shaft 99 on the vehicle-mounted platform 911; the guide rail 98 is attached and fixed along the steel upright 97 to form a track in the vertical direction, and the sliding block 96 is slidably assembled on the guide rail 98 and can slide in the vertical direction under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the slide block 96, the rotary motor 912 is installed on the steel cantilever beam 95, and the vertically arranged drilling rod 313 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 912 and can move along with the slide block 96 in the vertical direction, namely, the drilling rod 313 can drill downwards under the drive of the slide block 93.

Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and thus are not repeated herein.

Claims

1. A mechanical pore-forming method for rectangular slide-resistant piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular slide piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S1, the connection form between the drilling machine and the drill carriage on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile holes, wherein the connection form is through a vertical drill pipe connection or through a cable connection;

3. The mechanical pore-forming method for the rectangular slide-resistant pile with the haunched horizontal cantilever according to claim 2, wherein the drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright, a pull rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block;

4. The mechanical pore-forming method for rectangular slide-resistant piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling machine is an earthen stratum;

5. The mechanical pore-forming method for the rectangular slide-resistant pile with the haunched horizontal cantilever according to claim 4, wherein the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, and the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills are composed of a cylinder and a plurality of stirring cutter assemblies which are uniformly arranged on the surface of the cylinder, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinder on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

6. The mechanical pore-forming method of rectangular slide pile with haunched horizontal cantilever according to claim 5, characterized in that in step S2 and step S5, in the process of vertically drilling down earth formation by the multifunctional drilling assembly, a slag sucking valve on the suction head arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly is closed, and a slag sucking valve on the suction head arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly is opened, so as to suck the sludge crushed by the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, the crushing device crushes the sucked sludge again and then sends the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps the sludge into the stirring box in real time to mix the sludge with the sludge; the deslagging system pumps and discharges the sludge and slurry mixture in the stirring tank to the ground in real time for collection treatment;

7. The mechanical pore-forming method for rectangular slide-resistant piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S1, the stratum drilled by the driller is a rock stratum;

8. The mechanical pore-forming method for the rectangular slide-resistant pile with the haunched horizontal cantilever according to claim 7, wherein the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged on two sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, and the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly comprises two cylinders, a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hob assemblies arranged on the surfaces of the cylinders at intervals and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between the adjacent hob assemblies, wherein each hob assembly comprises a hob base and a circle of hob fixed on the hob base, each reamer assembly comprises a reamer base and a reamer obliquely fixed on the reamer base, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders on two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in rotating shaft holes of wing plates on two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support;

9. The mechanical pore-forming method of rectangular slide pile with haunched horizontal cantilever according to claim 8, characterized in that in the process of step S2 and step S5, the multifunctional drilling assembly drills down rock stratum vertically, the slag sucking valve on the suction head and the grouting valve on the injection head, which are arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly, are closed, and the grouting valve on the injection head, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly, is opened, so as to perform continuous slurry injection onto the rock surface where the multifunctional drilling assembly drills, and simultaneously, the slag sucking valve on the suction head, which is arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly, is opened, so that the mixture of the crushed rock blocks and slurry in the multifunctional drilling assembly is sucked into the crushing device, and the crushing device crushes the mixture of the sucked rock blocks and slurry again, and then sends the mixture of the rock blocks and slurry into the stirring box for stirring; the slag discharging system pumps and discharges the rock and slurry mixture in the stirring box to the ground in real time for collection treatment;