CN113149785A - Bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113149785A CN113149785A CN202110319643.2A CN202110319643A CN113149785A CN 113149785 A CN113149785 A CN 113149785A CN 202110319643 A CN202110319643 A CN 202110319643A CN 113149785 A CN113149785 A CN 113149785A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000589152 Azotobacter chroococcum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193385 Geobacillus stearothermophilus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000187654 Nocardia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000222393 Phanerochaete chrysosporium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000223260 Trichoderma harzianum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100001240 inorganic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a biological organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biological organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing a microbial flora, a culture medium, seafood shell powder, humic acid powder and a pre-fermentation base material according to the weight ratio of 0.5-2: 8-12: 5-8: 3-6: 200. Compared with the prior art, the invention firstly adopts the seafood shell powder to roast at high temperature to prepare the fine granular material, thereby increasing the stability of the fertilizer, improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer, playing a good role in passivating the heavy metals in the soil after fertilizing, and simultaneously having a good role in improving the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation and soil improvement, in particular to a method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil by adopting synergistic action of mineral powder and microorganisms and simultaneously providing fertilizer for soil improvement.
Background
The heavy metal pollution of soil is an important environmental pollution problem faced by China at present. The heavy metal pollution of the soil has the characteristics of durability and concealment, the treatment is difficult, the soil is harmful to various soil organisms, and the food chain can cause great threat to the human health. 18 th month 4 in 2014, national soil pollution condition survey bulletins were issued by the ministry of environmental protection and the ministry of homeland resources, and the standard exceeding rate of cultivated land soil point locations reached 19.4%, forest land soil 10.0%, and grassland soil 10.4%. From the condition that the pollutants exceed the standard, the point position exceeding rates of 8 inorganic pollutants of cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium, zinc and nickel are respectively 7.0%, 1.6%, 2.7%, 2.1%, 1.5%, 1.1%, 0.9% and 4.8%. Therefore, the situation of heavy metal pollution of soil in China is very severe, and the treatment of heavy metal pollution of farmlands is urgent.
The method can reduce the exchangeable content of heavy metals, reduce the biological effectiveness of the heavy metals and reduce the absorption of animals and plants, thereby achieving the purpose of soil pollution remediation.
Patent CN201310324576.9 discloses a biological organic fertilizer capable of passivating soil heavy metals, which is composed of a microbial strain, a carrier, a culture medium and livestock and poultry manure, wherein the microbial strain is prepared from a silicate microbial agent, an organic material decomposition agent and a bioremediation agent according to the ratio of bacteria to bacteria of 1: 1: 0.25, the poultry manure is mainly cow manure, the organic matter is more than or equal to 45 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 25 percent; the special strains contained in the product can convert heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic and the like in ionic state with higher activity in soil into heavy metals in complex state with lower activity, thereby reducing the absorption of crops on the heavy metals and reducing the content of the heavy metals in agricultural products. The technology mainly passivates heavy metals by special bacteria, has low passivation efficiency and high cost, and is not suitable for large-area use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the biological organic fertilizer which has high passivation efficiency on the heavy metals in the soil and provides high-efficiency fertilizer for the soil and can effectively passivate the heavy metals in the soil.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating the heavy metals in soil is characterized by being prepared by mixing a microbial flora, a culture medium, seafood shell powder, humic acid powder and a pre-fermentation base material in a weight ratio of 0.5-2: 8-12: 5-8: 3-6: 200.
The microbial flora comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of bacillus megaterium, 1-2 parts of bacillus cereus, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1-2 parts of bifidobacterium, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus stearothermophilus, 1-2 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1-2 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 0.5-1.5 parts of nocardia, 0.5-1.5 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 0.5-1.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae and 0.5-1.5 parts of trichoderma harzianum.
The culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of corn soaking powder, 1-3 parts of yeast soaking powder, 2-6 parts of inorganic salt and 80-90 parts of brown sugar.
The inorganic salt is prepared from potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride and ferrous sulfate according to the weight ratio of 20: 15-18: 2-6: 2-7: 0.1-1.
The seafood shell powder is prepared by the following method: crushing the seafood shells, roasting at 920-1120 ℃ for 30-40 min to remove organic matters and ashable components in the seafood shells, and preparing the seafood shells into fine particles with the particle size of 60-80 mu m
The pre-fermentation base material comprises: and (3) primarily fermenting the livestock and poultry manure and the straws according to the weight ratio of 3-5: 1 to obtain a product.
The livestock and poultry manure comprises chicken manure, pig manure or cow manure, and the straw is crushed and has a particle size of 10-100 mm.
The preliminary fermentation is to stack the livestock and poultry manure and the straws naturally for 1-2 days.
A preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the microbial flora with a culture medium, and performing flora expansion culture at 37 +/-5 ℃ for 10 days;
(2) diluting the expanded bacterial liquid by 10 times with water;
(3) uniformly mixing the diluted bacterial liquid, the seafood shell powder and the humic acid powder, and fully mixing the obtained mixture with a pre-fermentation base material;
(4) and (4) carrying out aerobic composting fermentation on the mixture obtained in the step (3), measuring the temperature once a day in the fermentation process, turning the pile every 1-2 days when the temperature rises to be higher than 60 ℃, and packaging and discharging the pile until the temperature of the pile is reduced to room temperature.
And (3) adopting deionized water as water for diluting the bacterial liquid in the step (2).
The traditional passivating agent has the advantage that due to the special surface property, the passivating efficiency of the seafood shell is obviously higher than that of the traditional material. Some microorganisms also have the effect of passivating heavy metals. If the passivation material is combined with the microorganisms and organically integrated in the fertilizer manufacturing process, the heavy metals can be efficiently passivated while fertilizing, the soil pollution treatment, the soil improvement and the soil fertility improvement are effectively combined, and the farmland pollution treatment and planting efficiency is obviously improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) according to the invention, the seafood shell powder is firstly roasted at high temperature to prepare the fine particle material, and the material has the functions of fixing nitrogen, fixing potassium and fixing organic fertilizer. The stability of the fertilizer is increased, and the fertilizer utilization rate is improved. Meanwhile, the seafood shell powder has a good effect of adsorbing and fixing heavy metals, and can play a good role of passivating the heavy metals in the soil after fertilization.
2) The humic acid also has a good effect of adsorbing and chelating heavy metal ions. The microbial agent has good fermentation and decomposition effects on materials through screening and proportioning, and a plurality of microorganisms also have passivation effects on active heavy metal ions contained in excrement and soil, and the main mechanism is that a large amount of secretion (such as lactic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid and the like) generated by the microorganisms can carry out chelation reaction with the heavy metal ions, so that the activated heavy metal ions are reduced, and meanwhile, the microorganisms can absorb a certain amount of heavy metal ions. The fine seafood shell, humic acid and microorganisms have a synergistic effect, and the adsorption and passivation effects of the product on heavy metals are greatly enhanced.
3) The material can also increase soil organic matters, increase the granular structure of soil, provide the activity of soil microorganisms, improve soil ecology, promote the circulation of soil nutrients and the utilization of crops, and has good soil improvement effect.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A novel biological organic fertilizer capable of passivating soil heavy metals; in particular to a method for preparing a novel bio-organic fertilizer by utilizing seafood shell powder and specific microorganisms to passivate heavy metals in soil and provide high-efficiency fertilizer for the soil.
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components: the method comprises the following steps of preparing a microbial flora, a culture medium, seafood shell powder, humic acid powder and a pre-fermentation base material according to the weight ratio of 1:9:6:5: 200.
Wherein the microbial flora comprises 1.5 parts of bacillus megaterium, 1.5 parts of bacillus cereus, 1 part of bacillus licheniformis, 1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1.5 parts of bifidobacterium, 1 part of bacillus stearothermophilus, 1.5 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1.5 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 1 part of nocardia, 1 part of azotobacter chroococcum, 1 part of aspergillus oryzae and 1 part of trichoderma harzianum.
The culture medium consists of 8 parts of corn extract powder, 2 parts of yeast extract powder, 5 parts of inorganic salt and 85 parts of brown sugar; wherein the inorganic salt is prepared from potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride and ferrous sulfate according to the proportion of 20:17:17:5:5.5: 0.5.
The preparation method of the seafood shell powder comprises the steps of crushing the seafood shell, roasting at 920-1120 ℃ for 30-40 min, and preparing into fine particles with the particle size of 70 mu m.
The pre-fermented base material is a product obtained by performing primary fermentation on livestock and poultry manure such as chicken manure and the like and straws in a ratio of 4: 1.
The preparation steps of the organic fertilizer are as follows:
(1) proportionally mixing the microbial flora with a culture medium, and performing flora expansion culture at 37 +/-5 ℃ for 10 days;
(2) diluting the expanded bacterial liquid by 10 times with water;
(3) uniformly mixing the diluted bacterial liquid, the seafood shell powder and the humic acid powder, and fully mixing the mixed liquid with a pre-fermentation base material;
(4) and (3) carrying out aerobic composting fermentation on the mixture, measuring the temperature once a day in the fermentation process, turning the pile every 1-2 days when the temperature rises to be higher than 60 ℃, and packaging and discharging the pile after the temperature of the pile is reduced to room temperature.
Example 2
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing microbial flora, a culture medium, seafood shell powder, humic acid powder and a pre-fermentation base material according to the weight ratio of 0.5:8:5:3: 200.
The microbial flora comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of bacillus megaterium, 1 part of bacillus cereus, 0.5 part of bacillus licheniformis, 0.5 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 0.5 part of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1 part of bifidobacterium, 0.5 part of bacillus stearothermophilus, 1 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1 part of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 0.5 part of nocardia, 0.5 part of azotobacter chroococcum, 0.5 part of aspergillus oryzae and 0.5 part of trichoderma harzianum.
The culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of corn soaking powder, 1 part of yeast soaking powder, 2 parts of inorganic salt and 80 parts of brown sugar.
The inorganic salt is prepared from potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride and ferrous sulfate according to the weight ratio of 20:15:15:2:2: 0.1.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 3
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing microbial flora, a culture medium, seafood shell powder, humic acid powder and a pre-fermentation base material according to the weight ratio of 2:12:8:6: 200.
The microbial flora comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of bacillus megaterium, 2 parts of bacillus cereus, 1.5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1.5 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1.5 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 2 parts of bifidobacterium, 1.5 parts of bacillus stearothermophilus, 2 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 1.5 parts of nocardia, 1.5 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 1.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae and 1.5 parts of trichoderma harzianum.
The culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of corn soaking powder, 3 parts of yeast soaking powder, 6 parts of inorganic salt and 90 parts of brown sugar.
The inorganic salt is prepared from potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride and ferrous sulfate according to the weight ratio of 20:18:18:6:7: 1.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 1
The biological organic fertilizer does not contain seafood shell powder, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
No biological organic fertilizer is used.
In a land contaminated by cadmium and lead, the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in the above examples 1 to 3 and comparative example was used in an amount of 1 ton/mu as a base fertilizer, and rice and chinese cabbage were planted respectively. And collecting soil samples before fertilization, soil samples after crop harvest, rice samples and Chinese cabbage samples. Effective cadmium and effective lead in soil are measured by GB/T23739-2009, residual cadmium and lead in rice and vegetable center are measured by GB/T5009.268-2016, and a control group without biological organic fertilizer is set. The results of the residual amount of heavy metals are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Rice and Chinese cabbage heavy Metal residual amount (mg/kg)
It can be seen that the cadmium in the rice applied with the organic fertilizer is reduced by more than 90 percent, and the lead is reduced by more than 80 percent; the cadmium content in the Chinese cabbage is reduced by over 80 percent. The cadmium and lead contents in the rice and the Chinese cabbage in all the treated plots are lower than the national standard. When the organic fertilizer does not contain the seafood shell powder, although the cadmium and lead content can be reduced to a certain degree, the reduction degree is far lower than that of the organic fertilizer added with the seafood shell powder, and the comparative example 2 exceeds the standard.
The material can also increase soil organic matters, increase the granular structure of soil, provide the activity of soil microorganisms, improve soil ecology, promote the circulation of soil nutrients and the utilization of crops, and has good promotion effect on plant growth. The growth of the rice and the Chinese cabbage is compared as shown in the following Table 2.
TABLE 2 Rice and Chinese cabbage yields
It can be seen that after the organic fertilizer is applied, the thousand-grain weight of the rice is higher than that of the comparative example 2 without the biological organic fertilizer by more than 35 percent and is higher than that of the comparative example 1 without the seafood shell powder by more than 6 percent; the yield is improved by more than 40% compared with the comparative example 2 and is improved by more than 8% compared with the comparative example 1. The weight of each single plant of the Chinese cabbage is higher than that of the comparative example 2 without the biological organic fertilizer by more than 45 percent, and is higher than that of the comparative example 1 without the seafood shell powder by more than 7 percent; the yield is improved by more than 40% compared with the comparative example 2 and is improved by more than 10% compared with the comparative example 1.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating the heavy metals in soil is characterized by being prepared by mixing a microbial flora, a culture medium, seafood shell powder, humic acid powder and a pre-fermentation base material in a weight ratio of 0.5-2: 8-12: 5-8: 3-6: 200.
2. The bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals according to claim 1, wherein the microbial flora comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of bacillus megaterium, 1-2 parts of bacillus cereus, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1-2 parts of bifidobacterium, 0.5-1.5 parts of bacillus stearothermophilus, 1-2 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1-2 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 0.5-1.5 parts of nocardia, 0.5-1.5 parts of azotobacter chroococcum, 0.5-1.5 parts of aspergillus oryzae and 0.5-1.5 parts of trichoderma harzianum.
3. The bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of corn soaking powder, 1-3 parts of yeast soaking powder, 2-6 parts of inorganic salt and 80-90 parts of brown sugar.
4. The bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals according to claim 3, wherein the inorganic salt is prepared from potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride and ferrous sulfate according to a weight ratio of 20: 15-18: 2-6: 2-7: 0.1-1.
5. The bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that the seafood shell powder is prepared by the following method: the seafood shells are crushed and then roasted at 920-1120 ℃ for 30-40 min to prepare fine particles with the particle size of 60-80 mu m.
6. The bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals according to claim 1, wherein the pre-fermented base material is: and (3) primarily fermenting the livestock and poultry manure and the straws according to the weight ratio of 3-5: 1 to obtain a product.
7. The bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals according to claim 6, wherein the livestock manure comprises chicken manure, pig manure or cow manure, and the straw is crushed straw with a particle size of 10-100 mm.
8. The bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preliminary fermentation is that livestock and poultry manure and straw are naturally stacked for 1-2 days.
9. The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating soil heavy metals according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the microbial flora with a culture medium, and performing flora expansion culture at 37 +/-5 ℃ for 10 days;
(2) diluting the expanded bacterial liquid by 10 times with water;
(3) uniformly mixing the diluted bacterial liquid, the seafood shell powder and the humic acid powder, and fully mixing the obtained mixture with a pre-fermentation base material;
(4) and (4) carrying out aerobic composting fermentation on the mixture obtained in the step (3), measuring the temperature once a day in the fermentation process, turning the pile every 1-2 days when the temperature rises to be higher than 60 ℃, and packaging and discharging the pile until the temperature of the pile is reduced to room temperature.
10. The method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer capable of effectively passivating the heavy metals in the soil according to claim 7, wherein the water used for diluting the bacterial liquid in the step (2) is deionized water.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114700362A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-07-05 | 山东大学 | Method for preventing and treating soil heavy metal pollution by using microbial agent |
| CN117903813A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-04-19 | 山东植知源生态工程有限公司 | Microbial soil activation microbial agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN105732220A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-07-06 | 临沂市农业科学院 | Microbial organic fertilizer for improving soil that has been used for planting multi-batch vegetable and fruit and preparation method thereof |
| CN109852395A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-07 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Oyster shell powder and preparation method thereof, soil heavy metal passivant and organic fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105732220A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-07-06 | 临沂市农业科学院 | Microbial organic fertilizer for improving soil that has been used for planting multi-batch vegetable and fruit and preparation method thereof |
| CN109852395A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-07 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Oyster shell powder and preparation method thereof, soil heavy metal passivant and organic fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114700362A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-07-05 | 山东大学 | Method for preventing and treating soil heavy metal pollution by using microbial agent |
| CN117903813A (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-04-19 | 山东植知源生态工程有限公司 | Microbial soil activation microbial agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117903813B (en) * | 2024-03-14 | 2024-06-04 | 山东植知源生态工程有限公司 | Microbial soil activation microbial agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210723 |