CN113149781A - All-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

All-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113149781A
CN113149781A CN202110447828.1A CN202110447828A CN113149781A CN 113149781 A CN113149781 A CN 113149781A CN 202110447828 A CN202110447828 A CN 202110447828A CN 113149781 A CN113149781 A CN 113149781A
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potassium
fertilizer
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calcium
percent
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石林
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South China University of Technology SCUT
Zhongshan Institute of Modern Industrial Technology of South China University of Technology
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South China University of Technology SCUT
Zhongshan Institute of Modern Industrial Technology of South China University of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer by adopting potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite and an additive through the steps of material mixing, drying, roasting, cooling and crushing; (2) stirring and mixing the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer and the pyroligneous liquor; (3) and (3) adding urea, monopotassium phosphate and water into the mixture obtained in the step (2), stirring and mixing, and drying to obtain the all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety. The prepared all-element pest-disease type fertilizer contains macroelements, medium elements and trace elements, has complete nutrient nutrients, achieves the purposes of balanced fertilization and exertion of wood vinegar for preventing crop pests, and becomes an all-element pest-disease prevention type fertilizer with higher cost performance.

Description

All-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizer pesticides, in particular to a full-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of traditional chemical fertilizer2O5) Potassium (K)2O) is used as three major elements essential for the growth of crops, and although the yield and income of the crops can be increased, the long-term excessive use of the fertilizer can bring about a series of cachexia, including the problems of soil acidification, soil hardening, increase of plant diseases and insect pests, soil exchangeable cation content (CEC), reduction of microbial population and quantity, agricultural non-point source pollution, reduction of crop quality and the like. Improve soil quality, inhibit soil acidification, and prevent soil hardening. The mineral fertilizer, also called quality element fertilizer, can inhibit soil acidification, prevent soil hardening, and increase soil exchangeable cation content (CEC) and microbial population and quantity while improving crop quality; after the research of the subject group in the past 20 years, the theory of the rock mineral land balling chemical evolution process is started, the molecular assembly theory and the technology are adopted, the low-cost and high-efficiency production of the mineral fertilizer by using the potassium-rich rock, the limestone, the dolomite and the additive is successfully realized, the provincial level technical achievement identification is completed, and the identification conclusion is that: the technology belongs to the domestic pioneering technology and reaches the international advanced level. The product produced by activation contains a large amount of potassium, more importantly contains medium elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and the like and more than 30 trace elements such as copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, chlorine, molybdenum, selenium and the like, and the conditioner has very obvious effects on improving soil, increasing crop yield and improving crop quality. The pyroligneous liquor is black brown liquid obtained by condensing water vapor volatilized in the dry distillation operation process of the biomass. The components of the wood vinegar are complex, the wood vinegar contains organic acids, phenols, ketones and aldehydes, the biomass sources of the wood vinegar are different, and the obtained wood vinegar has larger component difference. These biomasses include trunks, branches, kernels, husks, corn, cores, wood chips, straw, and the like. The wood vinegar has the effects of improving soil, improving quality and efficiency, sterilizing, preventing plant diseases and insect pests and the like. The field plot experiment shows that: the wood vinegar for soil irrigation can improve the contents of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, organic matters, quick-acting potassium and available phosphorus in soil, and increase the yield and quality of crops. Meanwhile, the wood vinegar also has good antivirus and sterilization effects,can obviously inhibit the peach rhizopus nigricans colony, potato late blight pathogen and anthracnose pathogen, and has good antibacterial stability. The wood vinegar has an inhibiting effect on 2-instar larvae of the root-knot nematodes, has a control effect on pomegranate root-knot nematode disease and tomato root-knot nematode disease, has a good control effect on apple canker, rice damping off, watermelon fusarium wilt and cucumber downy mildew, can resist fungi, and has moth-killing activity and termite-killing activity.
The method for producing the potassium-calcium-silicon-sulfur compound fertilizer by compounding and roasting ZL200610123966.X desulfurization ash and potassium ore provides a method for producing a multi-element potassium fertilizer, but can not achieve the aims of inhibiting soil acidification and soil hardening, reducing soil-borne diseases, repairing soil and improving crop quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at various negative effects brought by the existing chemical fertilizers, the invention aims to provide a full-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety and a preparation method thereof, aiming at inhibiting soil acidification, soil hardening, low utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus, serious agricultural non-point source pollution, reduction of soil cation exchange amount and increase of soil-borne diseases brought by a large amount of element fertilizers, and comprehensively solving the problems of soil remediation, crop quality improvement and disease and pest prevention and control by increasing mineral fertilizers and exerting the virus killing and sterilizing capability of pyroligneous liquor.
The application adopts a coupling technology of mineral fertilizer, pyroligneous liquor and macroelement fertilizer, so as to obtain a full-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety, and achieve the purposes of increasing yield, improving quality and preventing diseases and pests, namely the invention provides a preparation technology of the full-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a full-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer by adopting potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite and an additive through the steps of material mixing, drying, roasting, cooling and crushing;
(2) stirring and mixing the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer in the step (1) with wood vinegar;
(3) and (3) adding urea, monopotassium phosphate and water into the mixture obtained in the step (2), stirring and mixing, and drying to obtain the all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety.
Furthermore, the potassium-rich rock requires that the content (mass percent) of potassium oxide in the ore is more than or equal to 6.0 percent; heavy metal elements (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, cadmium and compounds) contained in the ore meet the ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-;
furthermore, the limestone requires that the content (wt%) of calcium oxide in the ore is more than or equal to 50.0%; heavy metal elements (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, cadmium and compounds) contained in the ore meet the ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-;
furthermore, the content (wt%) of calcium oxide in the ore is required to be more than or equal to 28.5% by weight of dolomite; the content of magnesium oxide (wt%) is greater than or equal to 20.0%; heavy metal elements (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, cadmium and compounds) contained in the ore meet the ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-;
further, in the step (1), the potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite and additives are calculated according to the mass parts: 20-50 parts of potassium-rich rock, 20-35 parts of limestone, 18-30 parts of dolomite and 3-5 parts of an additive.
Furthermore, the additive is formed by mixing two or more of sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride and calcium chloride. Heavy metal elements (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, cadmium and compounds) contained in the additive meet ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-;
further, the roasting temperature in the step (1) is 850-.
Further, the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer in the step (2) to the pyroligneous liquor is 100: 3.5-8.5; the stirring speed is 100-145r/min, and the stirring time is 20-45 min.
Further, the pyroligneous liquor in the step (2) is a black brown liquid obtained by condensing water vapor volatilized in the process of dry distillation operation of biomass, wherein the total mass of formic acid and acetic acid contained in the black brown liquid is more than or equal to 2.0%.
Further, in the step (3), the mass of the urea is 30.0-55.0% of the mass of the mixture, and the mass of the monopotassium phosphate is 25.0-50.0% of the mass of the mixture; the adding amount of the water is 4.0-8.0% of the total mass of the mixture, the urea, the monopotassium phosphate and the water; the stirring speed is 100-145r/min, and the stirring time is 20-45 min.
Further, after stirring and mixing in the step (3), granulating, wherein the granularity is controlled to be 3-25 mm; the drying time is 30-300 min, and the water content of the obtained all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%.
The full-element disease and pest prevention fertilizer variety prepared by the preparation method.
Furthermore, the water content in the fertilizer variety is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%; n, P2O5、K2The content of O is more than or equal to 5.0 wt%; the content of citrate-soluble silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 8.0 wt%, the content of citrate-soluble calcium oxide is more than or equal to 15.0 wt%, the content of citrate-soluble magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the total content of formic acid and acetic acid is more than or equal to 1.0 wt%, and the total effective components of the nutrients are not less than 80.0 wt%.
Furthermore, the produced all-element pest-preventing fertilizer is rich in medium elements such as magnesium and sulfur and more than 30 trace elements such as copper, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, chlorine, molybdenum, selenium and the like;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and innovations:
(1) the invention is in the original granted patent: patent No.: the ZL200610123966.X desulfurated ash and potassium ore compound roasting method for producing potassium-calcium-silicon-sulfur compound fertilizer, the inventor: shilin, authorized announcement day: 2009-6-17 and inventor of method for producing potash fertilizer and building bricks by using dry or semi-dry desulphurization ash slag: shilin, authorized announcement day: 2012-6-20, introducing wood vinegar and a macroelement fertilizer to produce a novel full-element disease and pest prevention fertilizer variety; thereby achieving the purposes of inhibiting soil acidification and soil hardening, reducing soil-borne diseases, restoring soil and improving crop quality;
(2) the novel fertilizer variety prepared by the invention contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, calcium, magnesium, sodium, sulfur and a plurality of trace element components, has complete nutrient types, and can achieve the effect of balanced fertilization, thereby comprehensively improving the mineral element content and soil environment quality in soil and reducing the using amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farmlands.
(3) The novel fertilizer variety prepared by the invention is alkalescent, and has obvious effects of improving and repairing acid soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the preparation method of the all-element pest-control fertilizer variety of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the examples and the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection and the implementation manner of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As shown in figure 1, the process flow of the preparation method of the all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety is schematically shown, and the specific process flow is as follows:
(1) the method comprises the steps of preparing the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer by using potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite and a self-made additive through the steps of material metering mixing, drying, roasting activation, cooling, crushing and the like;
(2) mixing the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer obtained in the step (1) with the pyroligneous liquor according to a proportion, and uniformly stirring;
(3) and (3) adding chemical fertilizers such as urea and monopotassium phosphate into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2), fully stirring, and drying to obtain the all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety.
In the step (1), the raw and auxiliary materials are as follows by mass percent: potassium-rich rock: 20-50%, limestone 20-35%, dolomite 18.0-30.0%, and additive 3.0-5.0%; the additive is formed by mixing two or more of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride and potassium chloride; the roasting temperature is 850-;
in the step (2), mixing the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer prepared in the step (1) with the pyroligneous liquor according to a mass ratio of 100: 3.5-8.5, the stirring speed is 100-145r/min, and the stirring time is 20-45 min; wherein the pyroligneous is a black brown liquid obtained by condensing water vapor volatilized in the dry distillation operation process of biomass. The total content of formic acid and acetic acid in the wood vinegar is more than or equal to 2 percent.
In the step (3), 30-55% of urea and 25-50% of monopotassium phosphate by total mass are added into the mixture obtained in the step (2), then water is added until the water content of the total materials is 4.0-8.0%, the materials are stirred together, the stirring speed is 145r/min, and the stirring time is 20-45 min. And then, dry powder granulation is carried out, the granularity is controlled to be 3-25mm, and the dried powder is bagged, wherein the drying time is 30-300 min, so that the water content of the material is lower than 2.0%.
The water content of the all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety prepared by the method is lower than 2.0 percent; nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P)2O5) Potassium (K)2O) content is more than 5.0 percent; the content of citrate-soluble silicon dioxide is more than 8.0 percent, the content of citrate-soluble calcium oxide is more than 15.0 percent, the content of citrate-soluble magnesium oxide is more than 2.0 percent, the content of wood vinegar is not less than 1.0 percent, and the total effective components of nutrients are not less than 80.0 percent.
The preparation of a novel all-element disease and pest prevention fertilizer variety can be realized according to the process flow shown in figure 1.
Example 1
An inner Mongolia fertilizer enterprise adopts the process to produce the novel full-element disease and pest prevention fertilizer, wherein the raw and auxiliary materials comprise potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite, sodium sulfate and sodium chloride additives, wood vinegar, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the detection and analysis of the potassium-rich rock show that: 8.97 wt% of potassium oxide, 64.67 wt% of silicon dioxide, 17.25 wt% of aluminum oxide and 1.38 wt% of iron oxide, wherein heavy metals (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, and cadmium and compounds) meet ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-one 2009 fertilizer, the content (unit: mg/kg) of the heavy metals respectively accounts for 35.1 of As, 2.13 of Cd, 36.59 of Pb, 235.80 of Cr and 3.59 of Hg, and the granularity of ores is more than or equal to 200 meshes (less than or equal to 0.074 mm); limestone detection analysis shows that: 52.35 wt% of calcium oxide, contains a small amount of iron and silicon, and does not contain heavy metal elements; the detection and analysis of dolomite show that: calcium oxide content 29.30 wt%; the content of magnesium oxide is 20.23 wt%, heavy metal elements (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, cadmium and compounds) contained in dolomite meet ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-; the second additive, including sodium sulfate (mirabilite) and sodium chloride (salt), and macroelement chemical fertilizer including urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are purchased chemical raw materials; the wood vinegar is a product sold in agriculture company of Shandong.
The operation process comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, mixing, drying, roasting, cooling and crushing the potassium-rich rock, limestone and dolomite with a self-made additive to prepare the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer. Wherein the contents of the raw materials and the auxiliary materials are as follows: potassium-rich rock: 47.63 percent of the total weight of the raw materials, 22.65 percent of limestone, 24.72 percent of dolomite, and 2.5 percent of sodium sulfate (mirabilite) and 2.5 percent of sodium chloride (salt) as additives. The calcination temperature was 870 ℃ and the calcination time was 1.5 hours. And cooling, crushing and sieving the roasted product by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer.
(2) Adding wood vinegar into the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer obtained in the step (1), wherein the adding amount is as follows: the mass ratio of the wood vinegar liquid is 100: 3.5, uniformly stirring the components together, wherein the stirring speed is 115r/min, and the stirring time is 45 min;
(3) and (3) continuously adding two chemical raw materials of urea and monopotassium phosphate into the intermediate product obtained in the step (2), wherein the adding amount of the two chemical raw materials is 42.5% of the total mass of the intermediate product of urea and 37.5% of monopotassium phosphate, then adding water until the water content of the total material is 5.5%, stirring the materials together, wherein the stirring speed is 120r/min, and the stirring time is 45 min. Then dry powder granulation is carried out, the granularity is controlled to be 4.5mm, and bagging is carried out after drying, the drying time is 45min, so that the water content of the material is less than or equal to 2.0 percent.
Through the three steps, the prepared all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer finished product has the water content of 1.45 percent, the nitrogen (N) content of 17.2 percent and the phosphorus (P)2O5) Content 10.52%, potassium (K)211.95 percent of O), 11.2 percent of citrate soluble silicon dioxide, more than 17.2 percent of citrate soluble calcium oxide, more than 4.25 percent of citrate soluble magnesium oxide, 2.46 percent of available sulfur, 1.2 percent of wood vinegar and 81.98 percent of total effective components of nutrients.
The farmland test shows that: 125 kilograms of farmland dosage per mu, crop yield increase of 35.8 percent, soil acidification inhibition, soil pH value increase of 0.6, fertilizer decrement of more than 35 percent, obvious reduction of soil-borne diseases and comprehensive improvement of crop quality.
Example 2
A certain Liaoning chemical fertilizer enterprise adopts the process to produce a novel full-element disease and pest prevention fertilizer, wherein the raw and auxiliary materials comprise potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride additives, wood vinegar, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the detection and analysis of the potassium-rich rock show that: 11.26 wt% of potassium oxide, 66.89 wt% of silicon dioxide, 15.67 wt% of aluminum oxide and 0.89 wt% of iron oxide, wherein heavy metals (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, and cadmium and compounds) meet ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-one 2009 fertilizer, the content (unit: mg/kg) of the heavy metals respectively is 32.12 percent of As, 0.59 percent of Cd, 11.29 percent of Pb, 23.86 percent of Cr and 1.26 percent of Hg, and the granularity of ores is more than or equal to 200 meshes (less than or equal to 0.074 mm); limestone detection analysis shows that: 54.69 wt% of calcium oxide, containing a small amount of iron and silicon, and not containing heavy metal elements; the detection and analysis of dolomite show that: the content of calcium oxide is 30.13 wt%; the content of magnesium oxide is 20.69 wt%, heavy metal elements (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, cadmium and compounds) contained in dolomite meet ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-; the additives (potassium sulfate and potassium chloride), urea and monopotassium phosphate are purchased chemical raw materials; the wood vinegar is a product sold in agriculture company in Henan province.
The operation process comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, crushing potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite and an additive which are raw and auxiliary materials for producing the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer mineral fertilizer to more than 200 meshes (less than or equal to 0.074mm), and adopting the technological processes of mixing, drying, roasting, cooling, crushing and the like of the 4 raw and auxiliary materials to prepare the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer mineral fertilizer meeting the requirements. Wherein the potassium-rich rock: 39.89 percent, 25.69 percent of limestone, 30.42 percent of dolomite, and 2.0 percent of each addition of additive potassium sulfate and potassium chloride, the roasting temperature is 950 ℃, and the roasting time is 45 min. Crushing and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer.
(2) Adding wood vinegar into the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer obtained in the step (1), wherein the adding amount is as follows: the weight ratio of the wood vinegar liquid is 100: 8.5, uniformly stirring the components together, wherein the stirring speed is 145r/min, and the stirring time is 35 min;
(3) and (3) continuously adding two chemical raw materials of urea and monopotassium phosphate into the intermediate product obtained in the step (2), wherein the adding amount of the two chemical raw materials is 35% of the total mass of the intermediate product, 28% of monopotassium phosphate, then adding water until the water content of the total material is 4.5%, stirring the two chemical raw materials together, and the stirring speed is 140r/min and the stirring time is 40 min. Then dry powder granulation is carried out, the granularity is controlled to be 20mm, the dried powder is packaged, the drying time is 60min, and the water content of the material is less than or equal to 2.0 percent.
Through the three steps, the prepared all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer finished productMedium water content of only 1.75%, nitrogen (N) content of 18.30%, phosphorus (P)2O5) Content 12.06%, potassium (K)2O) content of 12.35 percent, citrate soluble silicon dioxide content of 10.71 percent, citrate soluble calcium oxide content of more than 18.73 percent, citrate soluble magnesium oxide content of more than 3.78 percent, available sulfur content of 3.16 percent, pyroligneous liquor content of 1.1 percent and total effective nutrient content of 80.19 percent.
The farmland test shows that: the dosage of the fertilizer is 150 kg per mu, the crop yield is increased by 40.35%, the soil pH value is increased by 0.8, the soil acidification is inhibited, the fertilizer is reduced by more than 40%, the soil-borne diseases are obviously reduced, and the crop quality is comprehensively improved.
Example 3
A fertilizer enterprise in Shanxi province adopts the process to produce a novel all-element disease and pest prevention fertilizer, wherein the raw and auxiliary materials comprise potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite, sodium sulfate and potassium chloride additives, wood vinegar, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and detection and analysis of the potassium-rich rock show that: the fertilizer comprises 9.55 wt% of potassium oxide, 58.94 wt% of silicon dioxide, 14.11 wt% of aluminum oxide and 1.48 wt% of iron oxide, wherein heavy metals (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, and cadmium and compounds) meet ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-one 2009 fertilizer, the content (unit: mg/kg) of the heavy metals respectively is 23.99 percent of As, 1.65 percent of Cd, 31.98 percent of Pb, 44.76 percent of Cr and 2.83 percent of Hg, and the granularity of ores is more than or equal to 200 meshes (less than or equal to 0.074 mm); limestone detection analysis shows that: 51.88 wt% of calcium oxide, containing a small amount of iron and silicon, and not containing heavy metal elements; the detection and analysis of dolomite show that: the content of calcium oxide is 31.95 wt%; the content of magnesium oxide is 19.89 wt%, heavy metal elements (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, cadmium and compounds) contained in dolomite meet ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-; the additives (sodium sulfate and potassium chloride), urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the like are purchased chemical raw materials; the wood vinegar is a product sold in Shanxi agriculture company.
The operation process comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, crushing potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite and an additive which are raw and auxiliary materials for producing the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer mineral fertilizer to more than 200 meshes (less than or equal to 0.074mm), and adopting the technological processes of mixing, drying, roasting, cooling, crushing and the like of the 4 raw and auxiliary materials to prepare the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer mineral fertilizer meeting the requirements. Wherein the potassium-rich rock: 49.78 percent, limestone 24.89 percent and dolomite 22.33 percent, and the additive consists of sodium sulfate and potassium chloride, and the addition amount is 1.5 percent respectively; the roasting temperature is 1020 ℃ and the roasting time is 60 min. Crushing and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer.
(2) Adding wood vinegar into the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer obtained in the step (1), wherein the adding amount is as follows: the weight ratio of the wood vinegar liquid is 100: 5, uniformly stirring the components together, wherein the stirring speed is 125r/min, and the stirring time is 45 min;
(3) and (3) continuously adding two chemical raw materials of urea and monopotassium phosphate into the intermediate product obtained in the step (2), wherein the adding amount of the two chemical raw materials is 50% of the total mass of the intermediate product, 38% of monopotassium phosphate, then adding water until the water content of the total materials is 6.0%, stirring the materials together, and the stirring speed is 120r/min and the stirring time is 45 min. Then dry powder granulation is carried out, the granularity is controlled to be 12mm, and the dried powder is bagged after being dried for 50min, so that the water content of the material is less than or equal to 2.0 percent.
Through the two steps, the water content of the prepared all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer finished product is only 1.35%, the nitrogen (N) content is 22.11%, and phosphorus (P) is2O5) Content 13.75%, potassium (K)211.09 percent of O), 11.83 percent of citrate soluble silicon dioxide, more than 16.55 percent of citrate soluble calcium oxide, more than 6.16 percent of citrate soluble magnesium oxide, 4.35 percent of available sulfur, 2.75 percent of pyroligneous liquor and 88.59 percent of total effective components of nutrients.
The farmland test shows that: the dosage of the fertilizer is 130 kg per mu, the crop yield is increased by 37.5%, the pH value of the soil is increased by 0.7, the soil acidification is inhibited, the fertilizer is reduced by over 38%, the soil-borne diseases are obviously reduced, and the crop quality is comprehensively improved.
Example 4
A fertilizer enterprise in Guangdong province adopts the process to produce the novel full-element disease and pest prevention fertilizer, wherein the raw and auxiliary materials comprise potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite, potassium sulfate and sodium chloride (salt) additive, wood vinegar liquid, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and detection and analysis of the potassium-rich rock show that: the fertilizer comprises 10.23 wt% of potassium oxide, 68.07 wt% of silicon dioxide, 17.36 wt% of aluminum oxide and 3.58 wt% of ferric oxide, wherein heavy metals (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, and cadmium and compounds) meet ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-one 2009 fertilizer, the content (unit: mg/kg) of the heavy metals respectively accounts for 12.09 of As, 0.25 of Cd, 39.85 of Pb, 12.64 of Cr and 0.25 of Hg, and the granularity of ores is more than or equal to 200 meshes (less than or equal to 0.074 mm); limestone detection analysis shows that: 53.07 wt% of calcium oxide, containing a small amount of iron and silicon, and not containing heavy metal elements; the detection and analysis of dolomite show that: calcium oxide content 29.86 wt%; the content of magnesium oxide is 20.77 wt%, heavy metal elements (including lead and compounds, mercury and compounds, arsenic and compounds, chromium and compounds, cadmium and compounds) contained in dolomite meet ecological indexes of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury in national GB/T23349-2009 fertilizers, the content (unit: mg/kg) of the heavy metal elements respectively is 3.18 percent of As, 0.23 percent of Cd, 10.38 percent of Pb, 44.31 percent of Cr and 0.09 percent of Hg, and the granularity of ore is more than or equal to 200 meshes (less than or equal to 0.074 mm); the additives (potassium sulfate and sodium chloride (salt)), urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the like are purchased chemical raw materials; the wood vinegar is a product sold in agriculture company of Shandong.
The operation process comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, crushing potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite and an additive which are raw auxiliary materials for producing the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer mineral fertilizer to more than 200 meshes (less than or equal to 0.074mm), and adopting the technological processes of mixing, drying, roasting, cooling, crushing and the like of the four raw auxiliary materials to prepare the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer mineral fertilizer meeting the requirements. Wherein the potassium-rich rock: 52.65 percent, 35.98 percent of limestone and 29.31 percent of dolomite, wherein the additive consists of two types of sodium sulfate and potassium chloride, and the addition amount is respectively 2.0 percent; the roasting temperature is 998 ℃, and the roasting time is 115 min. Crushing and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer.
(2) Adding wood vinegar into the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer obtained in the step (1), wherein the adding amount is as follows: the weight ratio of the wood vinegar liquid is 100: 4, stirring uniformly, wherein the stirring speed is 113r/min, and the stirring time is 38 min;
(3) and (3) continuously adding two chemical raw materials of urea and monopotassium phosphate into the intermediate product obtained in the step (2), wherein the adding amount of the two chemical raw materials is 45% of the total mass of the intermediate product of urea and 40% of monopotassium phosphate, then adding water until the water content of the total material is 6.0%, stirring the two chemical raw materials together, wherein the stirring speed is 113r/min, and the stirring time is 36 min. And then carrying out dry powder granulation, controlling the granularity to be 8mm, drying and bagging, wherein the drying time is 100 min.
Through the 3 steps, the water content of the prepared finished product of the all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer is only 1.92 percent, the nitrogen (N) content is 17.37 percent, and the phosphorus (P) is2O5) Content 15.62%, potassium (K)2O) content of 12.64 percent, citrate soluble silicon dioxide content of 13.38 percent, citrate soluble calcium oxide content of more than 18.08 percent, citrate soluble magnesium oxide content of more than 5.46 percent, available sulfur content of 3.37 percent, pyroligneous liquid content of 1.52 percent and total effective nutrient components of 87.44 percent.
The farmland test shows that: the dosage of the fertilizer per mu is 140 kg, the crop yield is increased by 34.8%, the pH value of the soil is increased by 0.65, the soil acidification is inhibited, the fertilizer is reduced by more than 42%, the soil-borne diseases are obviously reduced, and the crop quality is comprehensively improved.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, modifications, etc. without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention, and all such changes, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a full-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer by adopting potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite and an additive through the steps of material mixing, drying, roasting, cooling and crushing;
(2) stirring and mixing the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer in the step (1) with wood vinegar;
(3) and (3) adding urea, monopotassium phosphate and water into the mixture obtained in the step (2), stirring and mixing, and drying to obtain the all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the potassium-rich rock, limestone, dolomite and additives are calculated according to the mass parts: 20-50 parts of potassium-rich rock, 20-35 parts of limestone, 18-30 parts of dolomite and 3-5 parts of an additive.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the additive is a mixture of two or more of sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, and calcium chloride.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calcination temperature in step (1) is 850-1050 ℃, and the calcination time is 0.5-2.0 hours.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium mineral fertilizer to the pyroligneous liquor in the step (2) is 100: 3.5-8.5; the stirring speed is 100-145r/min, and the stirring time is 20-45 min.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the pyroligneous liquor of step (2) is a dark brown liquid obtained by condensing water vapor volatilized during the dry distillation operation of biomass, wherein the total mass of formic acid and acetic acid contained in the dark brown liquid is not less than 2.0%.
7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the urea in the step (3) is 30.0 to 55.0% of the mass of the mixture, and the mass of the monopotassium phosphate is 25.0 to 50.0% of the mass of the mixture; the adding amount of the water is 4.0-8.0% of the total mass of the mixture, the urea, the monopotassium phosphate and the water; the stirring speed is 100-145r/min, and the stirring time is 20-45 min.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring and mixing in step (3) is followed by granulation with a particle size of 3 to 25 mm; the drying time is 30-300 min, and the water content of the obtained all-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%.
9. The all-element disease and pest prevention fertilizer variety prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The all-element pest and disease prevention fertilizer variety according to claim 9, wherein the moisture content in the fertilizer variety is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%; n, P2O5、K2The content of O is more than or equal to 5.0 wt%; the content of citrate-soluble silicon dioxide is more than or equal to 8.0 wt%, the content of citrate-soluble calcium oxide is more than or equal to 15.0 wt%, the content of citrate-soluble magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the total content of formic acid and acetic acid is more than or equal to 1.0 wt%, and the total effective components of the nutrients are not less than 80.0 wt%.
CN202110447828.1A 2021-04-25 2021-04-25 All-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety and preparation method thereof Pending CN113149781A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101838160A (en) * 2010-06-12 2010-09-22 西北农林科技大学 Silico-calcium magnesium-potassium mineral multielement compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN106631618A (en) * 2017-01-05 2017-05-10 山东大学 Biological slow-release fertilizer prepared from biomass ash and pyroligneous liquor and preparation method of biological slow-release fertilizer
CN106810320A (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-06-09 华南农业大学 Application and manufacture method of the activator in terms of cooling calcining manufacture activation potash fertilizer
CN110818470A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-21 贵州大学 Multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants and fertilizing method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101838160A (en) * 2010-06-12 2010-09-22 西北农林科技大学 Silico-calcium magnesium-potassium mineral multielement compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN106631618A (en) * 2017-01-05 2017-05-10 山东大学 Biological slow-release fertilizer prepared from biomass ash and pyroligneous liquor and preparation method of biological slow-release fertilizer
CN106810320A (en) * 2017-01-17 2017-06-09 华南农业大学 Application and manufacture method of the activator in terms of cooling calcining manufacture activation potash fertilizer
CN110818470A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-02-21 贵州大学 Multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants and fertilizing method

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