CN110818470A - Multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants and fertilizing method - Google Patents
Multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants and fertilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/04—Fertilisers containing potassium from minerals or volcanic rocks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants and a fertilizing method thereof. According to the soil condition and the plant species, selecting a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer in a ratio, wherein the weight of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer accounts for 20-80% of the total weight of the fertilizer; when in fertilization, the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer are mixed and then applied to the land, or are not mixed and then applied to the land. The invention can increase the yield and quality of plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical fertilizers, and particularly relates to a high-yield high-quality multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting plants, and a fertilizing method of the high-yield high-quality multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting plants.
Background
The inventor's patent No. 92111690.X issued by 04/06/1994 in 1994 is a production method of a potash-calcium fertilizer, which is characterized in that the mixture ratio (weight ratio) of potassium ore (potassium feldspar or potassium-containing silicate rock) to limestone or dolomite is 0.7-1.4, the sintering temperature is 1150-1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-90 minutes to prepare the potash-calcium fertilizer. A fertilizer efficiency test is carried out in a hybrid rice experimental field of 100 tons transported in 2006 for 04 months to Yuanhuan county Yuanying, Hunan province, and the test shows that the fertilizer efficiency test has obvious growth vigor and yield increase of rice. In order to reduce the cost and open up a new application way of industrial waste residue phosphogypsum, the inventor uses the phosphogypsum to replace limestone to prepare the potassium-calcium fertilizer, and submits a patent application of 'a method for producing the potassium-calcium fertilizer and co-producing sulfuric acid by using insoluble potassium-containing rock and phosphogypsum' on 09.12.2008, wherein the mass ratio of the insoluble potassium-containing rock, the phosphogypsum and the anthracite is 1: 0.7-2.2: 0.05 to 0.25, grinding to 80 to 120 meshes, preparing into small balls with the diameter of 10 to 30mm or corresponding blocks, roasting in a rotary kiln, a vertical kiln or a tunnel kiln for 20 to 150 minutes at the temperature of 1000 to 1200 ℃, crushing sintered clinker, grinding, and packaging to obtain the potassium-calcium fertilizer product, wherein the product is authorized by the invention patent (patent number 200810069029. X) obtained in 2009, 05 and 13. Through fertilizer efficiency tests on more than 20 plants such as rice, corn, wheat, potatoes, sweet potatoes, rape, flue-cured tobacco, sugarcane, grapes, citrus, tomatoes, kohlrabi, ┅ ┅ and the like, the fertilizer can make green seedlings of the plants strong and strong, develop root systems, increase the setting rate, enable crops to have the functions of disease resistance, insect resistance, drought resistance, cold resistance and lodging resistance, and obviously increase the yield. Generally, the yield can reach more than 10 percent, and some yield can reach 30 to 40 percent. The yield of tuber crops is increased, and particularly, the fertilizer is used for producing agricultural products, and the quality of grains, vegetables and fruits is very good.
The fertilizer prepared by the first patent is originally developed only as a potassium-calcium fertilizer, and the fertilizer efficiency test shows that the fertilizer has obvious yield increase compared with equivalent potassium fertilizer, and the inventor is researched by silicon fertilizer engineering technical center of academy of sciences in Henan province, realizes that the potassium-calcium fertilizer produced by potassium feldspar is originally a high-quality silicon fertilizer, so the inventor changes the name of the potassium-calcium fertilizer named in the patent into the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer during commercialization, and develops a large amount of physicochemical tests and theoretical research, realizes that the silicon fertilizer is a fertilizer for plants to form silicified cells, and is a body fertilizer for the plants to grow.
The plant needs to be calcium metasilicate (chemical formula: CaSiO)3) And magnesium metasilicate (chemical formula: MgSiO3) A typical organic fertilizer and a typical nutritional fertilizer for promoting high yield of plants, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are required by plants. Such asOnly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied to fruits, and a long matrix silicon fertilizer is not applied, so that the plant body is not strong, plant diseases and insect pests are easy to occur, the plant yield is reduced from one year to one year, and the quality is poor; if only the organic fertilizer silicon fertilizer is applied, the plant yield can not be high without applying the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer. However, the aqueous solution of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer (silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer) is alkaline, the aqueous solution of the nitrogen-phosphorus (or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium) compound fertilizer is acidic, and the fertilizer cannot achieve the expected effect due to acid-base neutralization reaction when the two fertilizers are compounded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer which can increase the yield of plants and improve the quality of the plants and promote the high yield and high quality of the plants.
The invention also aims to provide a fertilizing method of the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of plants.
The main technical problems of the invention are realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants, which consists of a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer, wherein the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer are respectively and independently packaged and are mixed during fertilization.
The preparation method of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer comprises the following steps: the mixture ratio (weight ratio) of potassium ore (potassium feldspar or potassium-containing silicate rock) to limestone or dolomite is 0.7-1.4, the sintering temperature is 1150-1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-90 minutes.
The preparation method of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer comprises the following steps: insoluble potassium-containing rock, phosphogypsum and anthracite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.7-2.2: mixing 0.05-0.25 proportion, grinding to 80-120 meshes, preparing into small balls with the diameter of 10-30 mm or corresponding blocks, roasting in a rotary kiln, a vertical kiln or a tunnel kiln for 20-150 minutes at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, crushing sintered clinker, and grinding to obtain the finished product.
The multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of the plants comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer can also be a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and is a conventional fertilizer on the market.
The invention relates to a fertilizing method of a multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the soil condition and the plant species, selecting a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer in a ratio, wherein the weight of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer accounts for 20-80% of the total weight of the fertilizer;
(2) when in fertilization, the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer are mixed and then applied to the land, or are not mixed and then applied to the land.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, and the technical scheme can show that: the invention uses silicon fertilizer and nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer as the multielement fertilizer, the two fertilizers are separately packed and mixed for application when in use, thereby avoiding the decomposition of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer on the nitrogen fertilizer in the nitrogen-phosphorus (potassium) compound fertilizer and simultaneously being capable of being stored for a long time. The silicon fertilizer promotes plants to form silicified cells, is a body fertilizer for plant growth, develops the silicified cells of the plants, ensures that nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are unblocked in the plants, enhances the photosynthesis, and can increase the yield and improve the quality of the plants through the synergistic effect with a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a multi-element high-quality efficient fertilizer for promoting the high yield of plant is prepared from Si-Ca-K fertilizer (K feldspar or rock containing K silicate) and lime stone or dolomite in the weight ratio of 0.7-1.4, and N-P compound fertilizer (92111690X) at 1150-1350 deg.C for 20-90 min. The nitrogen content of the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer is 15 percent. A conventional fertilizer with 15 percent of phosphorus content on the market is prepared by mixing a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 8: 6, and packaging respectively.
Test example 1: example 1 Multi-element high-efficiency fertile rice potting test for promoting high yield and high quality of plants
The pot experiment can avoid the occurrence of large experiment errors in field experiments, the reliability of the experiment result is high, the method is one of the most effective methods for identifying the effect of the novel fertilizer, and the experiment is carried out in the potting field of the college of agriculture of Guizhou university.
The test method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking cultivated soil in a field, wherein the soil is the most common yellow soil in Guizhou, the soil fertility is lower soil, carrying out air drying, crushing and screening treatment, accurately weighing, and then loading into pots, wherein the soil weight of each pot is consistent. The rice was cultivated in a pot filled with soil for testing. One treatment was arranged per bowl so that each treatment was tested under essentially the same conditions. The tested rice variety is high-quality rice rabdosia bouquet selected and bred by the agricultural college of Guizhou university, and the quality of the cultivated seedlings is as consistent as possible (the quality is the same as that measured by calipers and the growth vigor is the same). The fertilizer dosage, the water management, the sunlight management and the like of each group are relatively consistent.
Test groups: the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer prepared in the example 1 is prepared by applying 80 kilograms of silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and 60 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer (nitrogen content is 15 percent, phosphorus content is 15 percent) to each mu, which are respectively and independently packaged, mixing the fertilizers and applying the mixture in a pot, and then making 8 samples.
Control group: only using commercial nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer with 15% of nitrogen and 15% of phosphorus, fertilizing 60 kg per mu, and making 8 samples.
And (3) test results:
the statistical average value of the rice yield of 8 samples in the test group is 31 kg;
the statistical average value of the rice yield of 8 samples in the control group is 15 kg.
Compared with the control group, the yield of the multi-element high-efficiency fertilizer is increased by 106 percent only by applying the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer, and the paddy quality is excellent.
Example 2
A multi-element high-quality fertilizer for promoting the high yield of plant is prepared from Si-Ca-K fertilizer and N fertilizer. The silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer is prepared by the method of 92111690.X, namely the mixture ratio (weight ratio) of potassium ore (potassium feldspar or potassium-containing silicate rock) to limestone or dolomite is 0.7-1.4, the sintering temperature is 1150-1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-90 minutes. The nitrogen fertilizer is conventional urea fertilizer, and the nitrogen content is 46 percent. Mixing silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and urea according to the weight ratio of 6: and (4) separately and respectively packaging.
Test example 2:
the multi-element high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants prepared in example 2 is used for rice field test in the Tanshike towns of Fuquan city, Guizhou province.
The silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer is prepared by a method of patent No. 92111690.X, and the other fertilizer is commercial urea (containing 46% of nitrogen).
The test method comprises the following steps: the same cold rotten rust field with the area of 3.4 mu is divided into two parts by ridges. As the test field is in a phosphate mine area, the phosphate fertilizer is used for a long time, and the field is not lack of phosphorus, only the nitrogen fertilizer is used, and the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer is not used. The rice seedlings, the transplanting time, the field management and the like used by the test group and the control group are the same.
Test groups: the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer prepared in the example 2 is prepared by mixing the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and the nitrogen fertilizer (urea) which are respectively and independently packaged, and applying 50 kilograms per mu to 1.7 mu of rice field.
Control group: applying 50 kg of urea (nitrogen content 46%) per mu in 1.7 mu of rice field.
And (3) test results:
1400 kg of rice is produced in a test group.
The control group produced 600 kg of rice.
Compared with the control group, the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer test group increases the yield by 133 percent and has excellent rice quality.
Example 3
A multi-element high-effect fertilizer for promoting the high yield and quality of plant is composed of Si-Ca-K fertilizer and N-P-K compound fertilizer. The silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer is prepared by a method with the patent number of 200810069029.X, namely insoluble potassium-containing rock, phosphogypsum and anthracite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.7-2.2: mixing 0.05-0.25 proportion, grinding to 80-120 meshes, preparing into small balls with the diameter of 10-30 mm or corresponding blocks, roasting in a rotary kiln, a vertical kiln or a tunnel kiln for 20-150 minutes at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, crushing sintered clinker, and grinding to obtain the finished product. The nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is a flue-cured tobacco conventional fertilizer containing 9% of nitrogen, 11% of phosphorus and 23% of potassium, and the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer are mixed according to the proportion of 5: and (4) separately and respectively packaging.
Test example 3:
the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of plants prepared in example 3 is subjected to flue-cured tobacco field test in Tianzhu county in southeast of Guizhou province.
The test method comprises the following steps: dividing a field with 120 mu of planted flue-cured tobacco into a test field and a control field with 60 mu each. The flue-cured tobacco seedlings, the planting time, the field management and the like used by the test group and the control group are the same.
Test groups: 160 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and 200 kilograms of silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer is applied per mu after 15 days and is applied to 60 mu of flue-cured tobacco field blocks.
Control group: applying 160 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to 60 mu of flue-cured tobacco field according to the quantity of the fertilizer per mu.
And (3) test results:
the yield of flue-cured tobacco per mu in the test group is 121.2 kilograms. The purchase price is 27.16 yuan/kg. The output value is 3291.7 yuan.
The yield per mu of the control group of flue-cured tobacco is 69.36 kilograms. The purchase price is 19.69 yuan/kg. The output value is 1365.76 yuan.
Compared with a control group, the yield value of the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer test group is increased by 141%.
The flue-cured tobacco has good quality:
1. plant height: the height (100-105 cm) of the flue-cured tobacco plant of the test group is 20-30cm higher than that (75-80 cm) of the flue-cured tobacco plant of the control group;
2. the number of blades is as follows: the average effective leaf of the flue-cured tobacco in the test group is 18, and 2-3 leaves are more than that in the control group;
3. the size of the blade is as follows: the length of each flue-cured tobacco leaf slice in the test group is 10 cm, and the width of each flue-cured tobacco leaf slice in the test group is about 5 cm; the flue-cured tobacco leaves of the test group were thicker than those of the control group.
4. Pest and disease damage: the flue-cured tobacco of the test group has no diseases and insect pests basically, while most of the flue-cured tobacco of the control group has diseases and insect pests.
In addition: since Tianzhu county suffered from continuous high-temperature drought for one and a half months in the tobacco leaf maturation period in the year, the yield of the flue-cured tobacco was affected, but the yield of the test group was still increased by 141% compared with the control group.
Example 4:
a multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants consists of a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, wherein the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer is prepared by a method with the patent number of 200810069029.X, namely, insoluble potassium-containing rock, phosphogypsum and anthracite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.7-2.2: mixing 0.05-0.25 proportion, grinding to 80-120 meshes, preparing into small balls with the diameter of 10-30 mm or corresponding blocks, roasting in a rotary kiln, a vertical kiln or a tunnel kiln for 20-150 minutes at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, crushing sintered clinker, and grinding to obtain the finished product. The nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is a conventional fertilizer containing 25% of nitrogen, 16% of phosphorus and 15% of potassium on the market, and the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer are mixed according to the proportion of 5: and (4) separately and respectively packaging.
When in fertilization, the two fertilizers are mixed and then applied in a flowerpot.
Test example 4: the multi-element high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of the plants prepared in the example 4 is tested in potted bougainvillea glabra.
The test method comprises the following steps: the trees planted in the same large flowerpot are 2.5 meters high and the crown diameter is 2 meters.
Test groups: in 8 months in 2019, the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer prepared in example 4 is applied to a triangular plum blossom flowerpot with 1 kg of silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and 1 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Control group: in 2019, 1 kg of bougainvillea spectabilis flower pot containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied in 6 middle of the month.
And (3) test results:
test groups: in 8 months in 2018, the flowering period of bougainvillea spectabilis is over, 1 kg of compound fertilizer and 1 kg of silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer are applied at the bottom of 8 months, and in the middle ten days of 9 months, the bougainvillea spectabilis blossoms again and is flourishing until the bottom of 11 months, the flowering period is as long as three months, and the flowers are many.
Control group: short flowering phase and few flowers. The flowers withered in less than one month.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A multi-element high-quality efficient fertilizer for promoting the high yield of plant is prepared from Si-Ca-K fertilizer and N-P compound fertilizer, which are respectively packed individually and mixed during application.
2. The multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer comprises the following steps: the mixture ratio (weight ratio) of potassium ore (potassium feldspar or potassium-containing silicate rock) to limestone or dolomite is 0.7-1.4, the sintering temperature is 1150-1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-90 minutes.
3. The multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer comprises the following steps: insoluble potassium-containing rock, phosphogypsum and anthracite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.7-2.2: mixing 0.05-0.25 proportion, grinding to 80-120 meshes, preparing into small balls with the diameter of 10-30 mm or corresponding blocks, roasting in a rotary kiln, a vertical kiln or a tunnel kiln for 20-150 minutes at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, crushing sintered clinker, and grinding to obtain the finished product.
4. The multi-element high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and the high quality of plants as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer can also be a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and is a conventional fertilizer on the market.
5. A method for applying a multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the soil condition and the plant species, selecting a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer in a ratio, wherein the weight of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer accounts for 20-80% of the total weight of the fertilizer;
(2) when in fertilization, the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer are mixed and then applied to the land, or are not mixed and then applied to the land.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113149781A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-23 | 华南理工大学 | All-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety and preparation method thereof |
| CN114916278A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-19 | 海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所 | Soil improvement method for vegetable planting |
| CN115745686A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-07 | 方城县华裕肥料有限公司 | Special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of tobacco leaves |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113149781A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-23 | 华南理工大学 | All-element disease and pest prevention type fertilizer variety and preparation method thereof |
| CN114916278A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-19 | 海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所 | Soil improvement method for vegetable planting |
| CN115745686A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-07 | 方城县华裕肥料有限公司 | Special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of tobacco leaves |
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