CN113123126A - 一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN113123126A
CN113123126A CN201911410544.4A CN201911410544A CN113123126A CN 113123126 A CN113123126 A CN 113123126A CN 201911410544 A CN201911410544 A CN 201911410544A CN 113123126 A CN113123126 A CN 113123126A
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cotton yarn
fiber
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蔡裕明
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Nantong Giriya Textile Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱，所述再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品20‑30份；棉纱边角料15‑20份；竹炭纤维10‑20份；丙乙烯纤维10‑20份；氧化石墨烯1‑4份；聚赖氨酸1‑4份；纳米二氧化钛1‑4份。本发明中，丙烯酸、乙烯醇在叔丁基过氧化氢和焦亚硫酸钠的催化作用下生成的乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物具有较高的吸水性，超声波震荡的作用下使得竹炭纤维形成单纤状，此时乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物会被吸附在竹炭纤维的表面或者是孔隙中，保证了乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物在竹炭纤维上的比表面积，从而使得再生纤维棉纱具有良好的吸湿快干性能，从而保证了再生纤维棉纱的舒适性。

Description

一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域，尤其涉及一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱及其制备工艺。
背景技术
随着全球人口剧增，世界各国都将控制耕地的利用，棉花、麻、养蚕的桑树的种植都将受到限制，传统棉纺织原料受到多重制约。相关资料显示，2010年国内再生棉纱使用的边角料等原料量共计能达到300万吨左右。按50％的是棉型再生纱来估算，按每亩棉花产量200公斤计算，相当于约700余万亩棉田的产量。再生纱既实现了资源的循环利用，节约了有限的资源，又解决了边角料处理难题，为环境治理作出了贡献。
目前，现有的再生纤维棉纱仍存咋一些不足之处，其一，目前运用于贴身着装的针织服装面料大都采用棉、莫代尔、粘胶、羊毛羊绒、桑蚕丝、麻类等天然的纤维素纤维、蛋白质纤维和再生纤维素纤维及其混纺的原料纱线，辅之于氨纶弹性纱线的导入，针织服装具有了比梭织成衣更好的塑身效果和自由舒展功能，但这些面料存在导湿放湿动力不足的问题，长时间着装，稍微运动会出汗并吸附在面料上，大量汗液得不到及时排出，在人体运动量减少或静止不动时无法及时排出的汗液，黏在身上会产生湿冷感，舒适性能较差。其次，现有的再生纤维棉纱经过开松后，其纤维长度缩短，使得纤维强力下降，导致抗菌性变差且容易霉变，降低了再生纤维棉纱使用效果；其三，现有的再生纤维棉纱大部分由棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维组成，而传统的棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维耐热与耐老化性均较差，从而降低了再生纤维棉纱的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述问题，而提出的一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱及其制备工艺。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱，所述再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品20-30份；棉纱边角料15-20份；竹炭纤维10-20份；丙乙烯纤维10-20份；氧化石墨烯1-4份；聚赖氨酸1-4份；纳米二氧化钛1-4份；明胶粉剂2-10份；水性聚氨酯1-5份；液体石蜡1-7份；羟甲基纤维素1-3份。
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：
所述再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品25份；棉纱边角料18份；竹炭纤维15份；丙乙烯纤维15份；氧化石墨烯3份；聚赖氨酸3份；纳米二氧化钛3份；明胶粉剂8份；水性聚氨酯3份；液体石蜡5份；羟甲基纤维素2份。
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：
所述明胶粉剂由丙烯酸与乙烯醇混合制备而成。
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：
所述丙乙烯纤维、氧化石墨烯与聚赖氨酸质量份比为1：1：1。
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：
所述的一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱制备工艺，具体步骤如下：
步骤一：制备明胶粉剂，将丙烯酸与乙烯醇投放至反应釜内，并投放催化剂，生成乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物，将乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物导入到蒸发皿中得到明胶粉剂，备用；
步骤一：原料预处理，将废旧棉织品、棉纱边角料、竹炭纤维与丙乙烯纤维捣碎并浸泡在无水乙醇中进行消毒除菌处理，在经过烘干装置进行脱水处理，经梳棉机处理得到混合纤维棉条，备用；
步骤三：改性处理，将羟甲基纤维素与水性聚氨酯溶于水中，加热至50-60摄氏度，加入氢氧化钠与氯乙酸，搅拌至形成透明溶液为止，将步骤二中的混合纤维棉条投放进透明溶液中，在依次加入纳米氧化锌、氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛与步骤一中的明胶粉剂，恒温浸泡1-2小时后，经超声波震荡分散20-25分钟，得到混合浆料；
步骤四：将混合浆料脱水处理后，进行烘干处理，在经过梳棉、精梳与并条后，即可获得吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱。
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：
所述步骤一中催化剂为叔丁基过氧化氢和焦亚硫酸钠的混合溶液。
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：
所述步骤三种羟甲基纤维素与水性聚氨酯以及水份质量比份为1:1:30。
作为上述技术方案的进一步描述：
所述步骤四中烘干温度维持为80-120摄氏度。
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明中，丙烯酸、乙烯醇在叔丁基过氧化氢和焦亚硫酸钠的催化作用下生成的乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物具有较高的吸水性，混合棉条进行改性的过程中，超声波震荡的作用下使得竹炭纤维形成单纤状，此时乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物会被吸附在竹炭纤维的表面或者是孔隙中，保证了乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物在竹炭纤维上的比表面积，从而使得再生纤维棉纱具有良好的吸湿快干性能，从而保证了再生纤维棉纱的舒适性。
2、本发明中，在超声波震荡的作用下，氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛会均匀的分散在棉纤维的孔隙中，通过氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛自身物理性能不仅能影响细菌繁殖力，而且能破坏细菌的细胞膜结构，达到彻底降解细菌，防止内毒素引起的二次污染，且在降解有机污染物和杀灭菌的同时，氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛自身不会发生分解与溶出，以此保证了再生纤维棉纱持久的杀菌与降解污染物性能，从而提高了再生纤维棉纱的使用效果。
3、本发明中，通过氢氧化钠与氯乙酸会对棉纤维进行改性处理，氢氧化钠与氯乙酸回发生反应并附着在棉纤维外表面，而通过纳米氧化锌则对聚丙烯纤维进行改性，调和了棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维的物理特性，以此弥补了棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维的耐热与耐老化性能，从而提高了再生纤维棉纱的使用寿命。
4、本发明中，通过本加工工艺中棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维同时进行改性处理的同时进行混合纤维的抗菌处理，保证了再生纤维棉纱的产品质量的同时提高了生产速率，并且降低了生产成本。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一：
一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱，所述再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品20-30份；棉纱边角料15-20份；竹炭纤维10-20份；丙乙烯纤维10-20份；氧化石墨烯1-4份；聚赖氨酸1-4份；纳米二氧化钛1-4份；明胶粉剂2-10份；水性聚氨酯1-5份；液体石蜡1-7份；羟甲基纤维素1-3份，所述再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品25份；棉纱边角料18份；竹炭纤维15份；丙乙烯纤维15份；氧化石墨烯3份；聚赖氨酸3份；纳米二氧化钛3份；明胶粉剂8份；水性聚氨酯3份；液体石蜡5份；羟甲基纤维素2份，所述丙乙烯纤维、氧化石墨烯与聚赖氨酸质量份比为1：1：1。
丙烯酸、乙烯醇在叔丁基过氧化氢和焦亚硫酸钠的催化作用下生成的乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物具有较高的吸水性，混合棉条进行改性的过程中，超声波震荡的作用下使得竹炭纤维形成单纤状，此时乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物会被吸附在竹炭纤维的表面或者是孔隙中，保证了乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物在竹炭纤维上的比表面积，从而使得再生纤维棉纱具有良好的吸湿快干性能，从而保证了再生纤维棉纱的舒适性
实施例二：
一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱，再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品20-30份；棉纱边角料15-20份；竹炭纤维10-20份；丙乙烯纤维10-20份；氧化石墨烯1-4份；聚赖氨酸1-4份；纳米二氧化钛1-4份；明胶粉剂2-10份；水性聚氨酯1-5份；液体石蜡1-7份；羟甲基纤维素1-3份，再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品25份；棉纱边角料18份；竹炭纤维15份；丙乙烯纤维15份；氧化石墨烯3份；聚赖氨酸3份；纳米二氧化钛3份；明胶粉剂8份；水性聚氨酯3份；液体石蜡5份；羟甲基纤维素2份，所述丙乙烯纤维、氧化石墨烯与聚赖氨酸质量份比为1：1：1。
通过氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛自身物理性能不仅能影响细菌繁殖力，而且能破坏细菌的细胞膜结构，达到彻底降解细菌，防止内毒素引起的二次污染，且在降解有机污染物和杀灭菌的同时，氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛自身不会发生分解与溶出，以此保证了再生纤维棉纱持久的杀菌与降解污染物性能。
实施例三：
一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱，再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品20-30份；棉纱边角料15-20份；竹炭纤维10-20份；丙乙烯纤维10-20份；氧化石墨烯1-4份；聚赖氨酸1-4份；纳米二氧化钛1-4份；明胶粉剂2-10份；水性聚氨酯1-5份；液体石蜡1-7份；羟甲基纤维素1-3份，再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品25份；棉纱边角料18份；竹炭纤维15份；丙乙烯纤维15份；氧化石墨烯3份；聚赖氨酸3份；纳米二氧化钛3份；明胶粉剂8份；水性聚氨酯3份；液体石蜡5份；羟甲基纤维素2份，所述丙乙烯纤维、氧化石墨烯与聚赖氨酸质量份比为1：1：1。
通过氢氧化钠与氯乙酸会对棉纤维进行改性处理，氢氧化钠与氯乙酸回发生反应并附着在棉纤维外表面，而通过纳米氧化锌则对聚丙烯纤维进行改性，调和了棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维的物理特性，以此弥补了棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维的耐热与耐老化性能，从而提高了再生纤维棉纱的使用寿命。
实施例四：
一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱制备工艺，具体步骤如下：
步骤一：制备明胶粉剂，将丙烯酸与乙烯醇投放至反应釜内，并投放催化剂，该催化剂为叔丁基过氧化氢和焦亚硫酸钠的混合溶液，生成乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物，将乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物导入到蒸发皿中得到明胶粉剂，备用；
步骤一：原料预处理，将废旧棉织品、棉纱边角料、竹炭纤维与丙乙烯纤维捣碎并浸泡在无水乙醇中进行消毒除菌处理，在经过烘干装置进行脱水处理，经梳棉机处理得到混合纤维棉条，备用；
步骤三：改性处理，将羟甲基纤维素与水性聚氨酯溶于水中，羟甲基纤维素与水性聚氨酯以及水份质量比份为1:1:30，加热至50-60摄氏度，加入氢氧化钠与氯乙酸，搅拌至形成透明溶液为止，将步骤二中的混合纤维棉条投放进透明溶液中，在依次加入纳米氧化锌、氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛与步骤一中的明胶粉剂，恒温浸泡1-2小时后，经超声波震荡分散20-25分钟，得到混合浆料；
步骤四：将混合浆料脱水处理后，进行80-120摄氏度烘干处理，在经过梳棉、精梳与并条后，即可获得吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱。
通过本加工工艺中棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维同时进行改性处理的同时进行混合纤维的抗菌处理，保证了再生纤维棉纱的产品质量的同时提高了生产速率，并且降低了生产成本。
工作原理：使用时，丙烯酸、乙烯醇在叔丁基过氧化氢和焦亚硫酸钠的催化作用下生成的乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物具有较高的吸水性，混合棉条进行改性的过程中，超声波震荡的作用下使得竹炭纤维形成单纤状，此时乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物会被吸附在竹炭纤维的表面或者是孔隙中，保证了乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物在竹炭纤维上的比表面积，从而使得再生纤维棉纱具有良好的吸湿快干性能，从而保证了再生纤维棉纱的舒适性，在超声波震荡的作用下，氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛会均匀的分散在棉纤维的孔隙中，通过氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛自身物理性能不仅能影响细菌繁殖力，而且能破坏细菌的细胞膜结构，达到彻底降解细菌，防止内毒素引起的二次污染，且在降解有机污染物和杀灭菌的同时，氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛自身不会发生分解与溶出，以此保证了再生纤维棉纱持久的杀菌与降解污染物性能，从而提高了再生纤维棉纱的使用效果，通过氢氧化钠与氯乙酸会对棉纤维进行改性处理，氢氧化钠与氯乙酸回发生反应并附着在棉纤维外表面，而通过纳米氧化锌则对聚丙烯纤维进行改性，调和了棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维的物理特性，以此弥补了棉纤维与聚丙烯纤维的耐热与耐老化性能，从而提高了再生纤维棉纱的使用寿命。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱，其特征在于，所述再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品20-30份；棉纱边角料15-20份；竹炭纤维10-20份；丙乙烯纤维10-20份；氧化石墨烯1-4份；聚赖氨酸1-4份；纳米二氧化钛1-4份；明胶粉剂2-10份；水性聚氨酯1-5份；液体石蜡1-7份；羟甲基纤维素1-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱，其特征在于，所述再生纤维棉纱由下列重量份的原料制备而成：废旧棉织品25份；棉纱边角料18份；竹炭纤维15份；丙乙烯纤维15份；氧化石墨烯3份；聚赖氨酸3份；纳米二氧化钛3份；明胶粉剂8份；水性聚氨酯3份；液体石蜡5份；羟甲基纤维素2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱，其特征在于，所述明胶粉剂由丙烯酸与乙烯醇混合制备而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱，其特征在于，所述丙乙烯纤维、氧化石墨烯与聚赖氨酸质量份比为1：1：1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱制备工艺，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
步骤一：制备明胶粉剂，将丙烯酸与乙烯醇投放至反应釜内，并投放催化剂，生成乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物，将乙烯醇共聚丙烯酸共聚物导入到蒸发皿中得到明胶粉剂，备用；
步骤一：原料预处理，将废旧棉织品、棉纱边角料、竹炭纤维与丙乙烯纤维捣碎并浸泡在无水乙醇中进行消毒除菌处理，在经过烘干装置进行脱水处理，经梳棉机处理得到混合纤维棉条，备用；
步骤三：改性处理，将羟甲基纤维素与水性聚氨酯溶于水中，加热至50-60摄氏度，加入氢氧化钠与氯乙酸，搅拌至形成透明溶液为止，将步骤二中的混合纤维棉条投放进透明溶液中，在依次加入纳米氧化锌、氧化石墨烯、聚赖氨酸、纳米二氧化钛与步骤一中的明胶粉剂，恒温浸泡1-2小时后，经超声波震荡分散20-25分钟，得到混合浆料；
步骤四：将混合浆料脱水处理后，进行烘干处理，在经过梳棉、精梳与并条后，即可获得吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱制备工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤一中催化剂为叔丁基过氧化氢和焦亚硫酸钠的混合溶液。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱制备工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤三种羟甲基纤维素与水性聚氨酯以及水份质量比份为1:1:30。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种吸湿快干抗菌防霉改性再生纤维棉纱制备工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤四中烘干温度维持为80-120摄氏度。
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