CN111749010A - 一种桃花纤维素纤维及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种桃花纤维素纤维及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111749010A CN111749010A CN202010687864.0A CN202010687864A CN111749010A CN 111749010 A CN111749010 A CN 111749010A CN 202010687864 A CN202010687864 A CN 202010687864A CN 111749010 A CN111749010 A CN 111749010A
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- peach blossom
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种桃花纤维素纤维及其制备工艺，所述桃花纤维素纤维由桃花提取物和经过预处理的纤维素纤维复合制得，所述纤维素纤维的预处理为将纤维素纤维与预处理液按1:6‑15混合浸泡，所述预处理液为阳离子季铵盐和碱的混合物。本发明通过将纤维素纤维与预处理液按1:6‑15混合浸泡进行预处理，能够显著提高桃花提取物与纤维素纤维复合时的结合力、结合均匀性、植物活性物质利用率、使桃花纤维素纤维富含植物活性功能性成分能够适应小批量散纤维缸式生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及功能性纤维制备技术领域，具体涉及一种桃花纤维素纤维及其制备工艺。
背景技术
随着人们对生活质量和生产技术的提高，对绿色环保功能性纺织产品的需求日益剧增，多数功能性纺织产品采用从植物提取有效物质，直接或间接加入纺丝液中进行共混纺丝生产，因天然提取液物质分子量较小与粘胶反应极差，很容易流失，并且天然物质不耐强酸、强碱、高温在空气中容易变质，最终导致有效物质失效影响其功能性，且采用纺丝工艺生产属于单品种大批量生产，而功能性纤维属于量少多品种特点，纺丝生产具有一定的局限性。
桃花作为一种集医药、美容、保健、食用及观赏为一体的纯天然绿色植物，深受人们喜爱，桃花含有大量不同种类色素、黄酮类、酚类、糖类、油脂类、香料类等功能性物质，使用价值巨大。桃花提取物在美容行业应用较多，但是还没有应用于纤维制备领域。
桃花提取物属于植物提取有效物质，与粘胶反应极差，很容易流失，且不耐强酸、强碱、高温在空气中容易变质，最终导致有效物质失效影响其功能性，因此，制备桃花纤维素纤维需要克服桃花提取物与粘胶纤维的结合力差的问题，以及避免使用强酸、强碱、高温等破坏桃花提取的天然有效物质的工艺条件，最大可能的保留天然活性物质的活性，发挥其功效。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种桃花纤维素纤维，其纤维富含天然活性成分，并解决桃花提取物与粘胶纤维的结合力差的问题，且结合的均匀性较好。
此外，本发明还提供上述桃花纤维素纤维的制备工艺，以解决桃花提取物与粘胶纤维的结合力、均匀性、色牢度、活性物质利用率、功效差等问题
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：
一种桃花纤维素纤维，所述桃花纤维素纤维由桃花提取物和经过预处理的纤维素纤维复合制得，所述纤维素纤维的预处理为将纤维素纤维与预处理液按1:6-15混合浸泡，所述预处理液为阳离子季铵盐和碱的混合物。
若纤维素纤维与预处理液比例小于1：6导致处理纤维不均匀，最终导致纤维素纤维与桃花提取物复合不均匀，比例大于1：15纤维素纤维预处理程度不理想，最终导致纤维素纤维与桃花提取物复合较少，成本较高。
桃花纤维素纤维为功能性纤维，属于量少多品种特点，采用散纤维缸式生产灵活度大，具有纤维密度较大的特点，进一步导致桃花提取物与纤维素纤维的结合力差，且结合的均匀性较差
本发明通过将纤维素纤维与预处理液按1:6-15混合浸泡进行预处理，能够显著提高桃花提取物与纤维素纤维复合时的结合力和结合均匀性，使桃花纤维素纤维能够适应小批量生产的散纤维缸式生产。
同时，本发明所述桃花提取物具有桃花芬香缓解压力、保持精神愉悦，富含多种黄酮类、酚类、油脂类、香料类、多糖类等多种对人体有益成分，具有抗氧化、抗菌消炎、减少化学物质对人体的刺激、能够保护肌肤、长久保湿功能、修复干燥皮肤，使得桃花纤维素纤维不仅具有常规粘胶纤维的吸湿、透气、柔爽等特点，同时还具备桃花物质带来一定的抗氧化、抗菌、消炎、贴肤护肤养肤等功能，，是一种具有较高附加值的功能性纤维。
进一步地，纤维素纤维的预处理过程如下：
将纤维素纤维打饼，然后与预处理液按1:6-15混合浸泡，预处理温度为40-90℃，升温速率为1-3℃/min，处理时间30-90min。
温度较低阳离子季铵盐和纤维反应性较低，纤维预处理程度较低，温度过高导致阳离子季铵盐在强碱性条件下水解，也导致纤维反应改性程度较低，同时纤维在高温强碱条件下会出现强力损失，升温速率为1-3℃/min，若升温速率过快，导致纤维改性不均匀，最终导致与桃花提取物复合布均匀；当预处理时间大于30min，纤维改性程度达到最大值，时间过长纤维在长时间强碱条件下强力损失且增加能耗。
进一步地，1L预处理液中含有阳离子季铵盐5-20g，碱8-20g。
若阳离子季铵盐加入过少纤维改性程度较低，当达到20g/L,纤维改性程度趋于平稳，碱加入量较少阳离子季铵盐与纤维不起反应，随着碱浓度的增加纤维改性程度增加，当达到20g/L时达到最佳值，高于20g/L时纤维改性程度反而下降，因在强碱条件下阳离子季铵盐发生水解，导致改性程度下降。
进一步地，阳离子季铵盐为低分子季铵盐、聚季铵盐、双季铵盐或多季铵盐，如：3-丙烯酰胺-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵、聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵、氯化双十八烷基二甲基羟丙基多铵或3-氯-2-羟丙基-三甲基氯化铵，所述碱至少包括NaOH、NaCO3、NaHCO3中的一种。
进一步地，桃花提取物的制备过程如下：
将桃花和溶剂按固液比为：20-40混合，常温超声波100-300w提取2-3次，提取后依次经过蒸发浓缩、真空干燥。
因桃花天然成分黄酮类、酚类、油脂类、香料类、多糖类等成分在酸性、碱性、高温有氧环境中易氧化变质，失去部分功效，为了尽量保证其物质活性本提取过程采用醇作为溶剂，常温超声波提取2-3次后混合采用低温浓缩真空干燥工艺。
进一步地，溶剂为甲醇、乙醇中的至少一种，所述桃花为新鲜桃花或干桃花。
进一步地，桃花提取物与纤维素纤维复合的过程如下：
将桃花提取物用水溶解，然后加入含有经过预处理的纤维素纤维的缸中，常温运行40-60min，然后经过脱水、红外烘干制得桃花纤维。
本发明的复合工艺不使用强酸、强碱、高温等，以防止桃花提取的天然有效物质破坏，使其纤维在服用过成中功效保持更持久。
进一步地，桃花提取物包括以下组分：
槲皮苷400-600mg/kg，桃皮素300-500mg/kg，山萘酚200-300mg/kg，硬脂酰胺500-800mg/kg，十三酸100-300mg/kg，甲基环戊烯醇酮，异戊醛300-600mg/kg，巴豆醛600-900mg/kg，1,6-脱水-β-D-葡萄糖100-200mg/kg。
本发明所述桃花提取物富含多种黄酮类、酚类、油脂类、香料类、多糖类等多种对人体有益成分，具有抗氧化、抗菌消炎、减少化学物质对人体的刺激、能够保护肌肤、长久保湿功能、修复干燥皮肤。
进一步地，纤维素纤维至少包括粘胶纤维、莫代尔、天丝中的一种。
一种桃花纤维素纤维的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、桃花活性物质的提取：
将桃花和溶剂按固液比为1：20-40混合，常温超声波100-300w提取2-3次，提取后依次经过蒸发浓缩、真空干燥获得桃花提取物；
S2、纤维素纤维预处理：
将纤维素纤维打饼，然后与预处理液按1:6-15混合浸泡，预处理温度为40-90℃，升温速率为1-3℃/min，处理时间30-90min，所述预处理液为阳离子季铵盐和碱的混合物；
S3、桃花提取物与纤维素纤维的复合：
将桃花提取物用水溶解，然后加入含有经过预处理的纤维素纤维的缸中，常温运行40-60min，然后经过脱水、红外烘干制得桃花纤维，所述桃花提取物与纤维的用量比为0.01-0.1：1。
本发明选用桃花的桃花提取物为原料，经特殊工艺与天然纤维素纤维复合制得桃花纤维，不添加任何化学物质，适合于各种纤维混纺，特别适合内衣和面膜满足各种绿色环保织物要求。
本发明制得的桃花纤维吸湿保湿性好、手感柔软，贴肤性好、富有光泽，外观为桃粉色，与肤色完美匹配，合无需后处理染色等可直接用于纺纱织布，减少染色废水排放，对环境友好，并且色牢度较好。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下的优点和有益效果：
1、本发明通过将纤维素纤维与预处理液按1:6-15混合浸泡进行预处理，能够显著提高桃花提取物与纤维素纤维复合时的结合力和结合均匀性，使桃花纤维素纤维能够适应小批量生产的散纤维缸式生产。
2、本发明桃花纤维素纤维不仅具有常规粘胶纤维的吸湿、透气、柔爽等特点，同时还具备桃花物质带来一定的抗氧化、抗菌、消炎、贴肤护肤养肤等功能，，是一种具有较高附加值的功能性纤维。
3、本发明选用桃花的桃花提取物为原料，经特殊工艺与天然纤维素纤维复合制得桃花纤维，不添加任何化学物质，适合于各种纤维混纺，特别适合内衣和面膜满足各种绿色环保织物要求。
4、本发明制得的桃花纤维吸湿保湿性好、手感柔软，贴肤性好、富有光泽，外观为桃粉色，与肤色完美匹配，合无需后处理染色等可直接用于纺纱织布，减少染色废水排放，对环境友好，并且色牢度较好。
5、本发明首次提出了功能性纤维-桃花纤维，为行业发展提供了新的研究方向，具有潜在的经济价值和社会价值。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例，对本发明作进一步的详细说明，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1：
一种桃花纤维素纤维的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
S1、桃花活性物质的提取：
将桃花和乙醇按固液比为1：20混合，常温超声波200w提取3次，提取后依次经过旋转蒸发仪蒸发浓缩、真空干燥获得桃花提取物，所述桃花为新鲜桃花，也可以干桃花；
S2、纤维素纤维预处理：
将纤维素纤维打饼，然后与预处理液按1:10混合浸泡，预处理温度为60℃，升温速率为2℃/min，处理时间60min，所述预处理液为阳离子季铵盐聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和NaOH的混合物；1L预处理液中含有阳离子季铵盐15g，碱12g；
S3、桃花提取物与纤维素纤维的复合：
将桃花提取物用水溶解，然后加入含有经过预处理的纤维素纤维的缸中，常温运行50min，然后经过脱水、红外烘干制得桃花纤维；所述纤维素纤维为粘胶纤维，也可以是莫代尔或天丝，桃花提取物和纤维素纤维的用量比为0.01：1。
实施例2：
本实施例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
步骤S2中，预处理液中含有阳离子季铵盐为氯化双十八烷基二甲基羟丙基多铵。
实施例3：
本实施例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
步骤S2中，预处理液中含有阳离子季铵盐为3-氯-2-羟丙基-三甲基氯化铵.
实施例4：
本实施例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
步骤S1中，桃花和乙醇按固液比为1：30混合，常温超声波300w提取3次；步骤S2中，纤维素纤维与预处理液按1:15混合浸泡，预处理温度为90℃，升温速率为3℃/min，处理时间30min，1L预处理液中含有阳离子季铵盐20g，碱20g；步骤S3中，常温运行40min。
实施例5：
本实施例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
步骤S1中，桃花和乙醇按固液比为1：40混合，常温超声波100w提取2-3次；步骤S2中，纤维素纤维与预处理液按1:6混合浸泡，预处理温度为40℃，升温速率为1℃/min，处理时间90min，1L预处理液中含有阳离子季铵盐5g，碱8g；步骤S3中，常温运行60min。
对比例1：
本对比例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
不包括步骤S2，将桃花提取物直接与纤维素纤维复合。
对比例2：
本对比例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
桃花活性物质的提取方法不同，采用1:20溶剂为水提取。
对比例3：
本对比例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
步骤S1中，预处理温度为30℃。
对比例4：
本对比例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
步骤S1中，预处理温度为95℃。
对比例5：
本对比例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
步骤S1中，预处理NaOH用量为5g/l。
对比例6：
本对比例基于实施例1，与实施例1的区别在于：
步骤S1中，预处理NaOH用量为25g/l。
将实施例1-实施例5、对比例1-对比例6制备的挑花纤维素纤维进行以下试验，试验结果如表1所示：
表1
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种桃花纤维素纤维，其特征在于，所述桃花纤维素纤维由桃花提取物和经过预处理的纤维素纤维复合制得，所述纤维素纤维的预处理为将纤维素纤维与预处理液按1:6-15混合浸泡，所述预处理液为阳离子季铵盐和碱的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种桃花纤维素纤维，其特征在于，所述纤维素纤维的预处理过程如下：
将纤维素纤维打饼，然后与预处理液按1:6-15混合浸泡，预处理温度为40-90℃，升温速率为1-3℃/min，处理时间30-90min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种桃花纤维素纤维，其特征在于，1L预处理液中含有阳离子季铵盐5-20g，碱8-20g。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种桃花纤维素纤维，其特征在于，所述阳离子季铵盐为低分子季铵盐、聚季铵盐、双季铵盐或多季铵盐，所述碱至少包括NaOH、NaCO3、NaHCO3中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种桃花纤维素纤维，其特征在于，所述桃花提取物的制备过程如下：
将桃花和溶剂按固液比为1：20-40混合，常温超声波100-300w提取2-3次，提取后依次经过蒸发浓缩、真空干燥。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种桃花纤维素纤维，其特征在于，所述溶剂为甲醇、乙醇中的至少一种，所述桃花为新鲜桃花或干桃花。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种桃花纤维素纤维，其特征在于，所述桃花提取物与纤维素纤维复合的过程如下：
将桃花提取物用水溶解，然后加入含有经过预处理的纤维素纤维的缸中，常温运行40-60min，然后经过脱水、红外烘干制得桃花纤维。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种桃花纤维素纤维，其特征在于，所述桃花提取物包括以下组分：
槲皮苷400-600mg/kg，桃皮素300-500mg/kg，山萘酚200-300mg/kg，硬脂酰胺500-800mg/kg，十三酸100-300mg/kg，甲基环戊烯醇酮，异戊醛300-600mg/kg，巴豆醛600-900mg/kg，1,6-脱水-β-D-葡萄糖100-200mg/kg。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的一种桃花纤维素纤维，其特征在于，所述纤维素纤维至少包括粘胶纤维、莫代尔、天丝中的一种。
10.一种桃花纤维素纤维的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、桃花活性物质的提取：
将桃花和溶剂按固液比为1：20-40混合，常温超声波100-300w提取2-3次，提取后依次经过蒸发浓缩、真空干燥获得桃花提取物；
S2、纤维素纤维预处理：
将纤维素纤维打饼，然后与预处理液按1:6-15混合浸泡，预处理温度为40-90℃，升温速率为1-3℃/min，处理时间30-90min，所述预处理液为阳离子季铵盐和碱的混合物；
S3、桃花提取物与纤维素纤维的复合：
将桃花提取物用水溶解，然后加入含有经过预处理的纤维素纤维的缸中，常温运行40-60min，然后经过脱水、红外烘干制得桃花纤维。
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