CN113106026A - Comprehensive utilization method based on edible fungus culture medium - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization method based on edible fungus culture medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN113106026A CN113106026A CN202110386210.9A CN202110386210A CN113106026A CN 113106026 A CN113106026 A CN 113106026A CN 202110386210 A CN202110386210 A CN 202110386210A CN 113106026 A CN113106026 A CN 113106026A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
- A23K50/15—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants containing substances which are metabolically converted to proteins, e.g. ammonium salts or urea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for utilizing an edible fungus culture medium, which is characterized in that each leaf is dried by microwave and crushed into 24-50 meshes, 40-70 percent of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 10-15 percent of pecan leaves, 1-5 percent of mulberry leaves and 5-15 percent of elm leaves are taken according to the weight percentage, 5-10 percent of bean cake powder, 5-10 percent of wheat bran, 1.5-2.5 percent of brown granulated sugar, 1-2 percent of urea and 1.5-2.5 percent of yeast powder are added, the mixture is uniformly mixed, the water content is adjusted to be 60-65 percent by weight, the pH value is 7.2-8.2, and the mixture is bottled or bagged, sterilized, inoculated, cultured, dried and crushed to obtain the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product; microwave drying the leaves, crushing to 30-50 meshes, taking 40-70% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 10-15% of locust tree leaves, 1-5% of ginkgo leaves and 5-15% of elm leaves according to weight percentage, adding 5-10% of bean cake powder, 5-10% of wheat bran, 1.5-2.5% of brown granulated sugar, 1.5-2.5% of calcium carbonate and 1-2% of yeast extract, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65% (weight), adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8.5, bottling or bagging, sterilizing, inoculating, culturing, fermenting by beer yeast, drying, crushing, and preparing the edible culture medium bacterium high-protein feed product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a comprehensive utilization method of an edible fungus culture medium. The main method aims to inoculate edible and medicinal fungi strains in a culture medium and prepare a high-protein-enriched feed product after culture.
Background
With the development of the animal husbandry, the production and utilization of feeds, particularly protein-rich feeds, become a worldwide hotspot problem, and due to the increasing demand of the protein feeds in the animal husbandry, the price of food proteins is continuously increased, the cost of the animal husbandry is increased, the profit margin is low, so that the price of meat products is increased, and the consumption of the meat products by the public is directly influenced. The method for producing protein feed by utilizing wastes of various plant leaves, tender stems and the like is a subject which is continuously researched and developed by feed production and processing enterprises, raw material matrixes comprising protein-rich broussonetia papyrifera leaves, pecan leaves, elm leaves, locust tree leaves, flavone-rich mulberry leaves, ginkgo leaves and the like are utilized to inoculate edible fungus strains for culture, and a large amount of strain culture base materials of mycelia are formed, wherein the strain culture base materials not only contain various amino acids, carbohydrates, mineral substances, vitamins, flavonoids, fungal polysaccharides and other nutrient substances, but also increase the 'mycoprotein' on the basis that culture materials are rich in protein. In the prior art, most of the protein feeds are produced by utilizing mushroom bran, leaves, bean dregs, traditional Chinese medicine dregs, distiller's grains dregs, crop straws and catering wastes for cultivating edible mushrooms, although the content of protein is correspondingly improved in the processing process, the palatability and the flavor of the products are not good enough. The method of the invention not only greatly improves the nutrient contents of crude protein, amino acid, carbohydrate, flavone and the like of the finished product, but also has fine and mellow taste and good flavor, and can improve the palatability of the cultured animals and increase the palatability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to utilize the high-protein-content leaves to form a culture base material together with corresponding nutrient substances, inoculate edible fungus strains according to a conventional method, form rich mycelia after culture, and prepare the high-protein feed rich in crude protein through processing treatment.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for utilizing an edible fungus culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
drying and crushing each leaf by microwave to 24-50 meshes, taking 40-70% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 10-15% of pecan leaves, 1-5% of mulberry leaves and 5-15% of elm leaves according to weight percentage, adding 5-10% of bean cake powder, 5-10% of wheat bran, 1.5-2.5% of brown granulated sugar, 1-2% of urea and 1.5-2.5% of yeast powder, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to be 60-65% by weight and the pH value to be 7.2-8.2, bottling or bagging, sterilizing for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter, transferring into a inoculation chamber after sterilization, naturally cooling, inoculating edible fungus culture strains according to the inoculation amount of 10% of the weight of the culture materials, transferring into a culture chamber, culturing for 24-28 days at the temperature of 24-27 ℃, enabling mycelia to be fully covered with a culture medium, placing the culture materials at the temperature of 38-42 ℃ to self-dissolve for 3 days after the culture is completed, and then drying the compost at the temperature of 92-98 ℃ by using drying equipment, and crushing to 90-95 meshes to obtain the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product.
The edible fungus is any one of mushroom, pleurotus eryngii, flammulina velutipes, oyster mushroom, phoenix mushroom, jinding mushroom, pleurotus nebrodensis, agrocybe chaxingu, hypsizygus marmoreus, flammulina velutipes, agaricus bisporus, volvariella volvacea, meadow mushroom, hypertrophic mushroom, stropharia rugosoannulata, sparassis crispa, pleurotus tuber-leaved mushroom, tremella, black mushroom, nameko mushroom, lepista sordida, grifola frondosa, russula vinosa, russula edulis, lactobacillus plantarum, bicychnus, pleurotus geesteranus, morel, yellow willow mushroom, chanterelle, coprinus comatus, tricholoma lobayensis, truffle, armillaria mellea, russultap, ganoderma lucidum, tremella, black fungus and hericium erinaceus.
The edible fungus strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
The above-mentioned bottling method of the present invention refers to a conventional strain bottle unless otherwise specified; and the bag is filled by selecting a polypropylene plastic bag.
The high-protein feed prepared by the method is rich in nutrition, the protein content is 42-48.5%, the fat content is 2.8-3.6%, the carbohydrate content is 40-44.6%, the total flavone content is 2.8-3.9%, the lysine content is 1.26-2.07%, in addition, the high-protein feed also contains rich enzymes, multiple vitamins, and major and trace mineral elements, is a high-quality high-protein feed, and is used for feeding growing piglets by using a complete formula feed prepared from the high-protein feed, wherein the feed-meat ratio can reach 2.46: 1, daily gain is more than 0.7 kg.
The invention utilizes broussonetia papyrifera leaves, pecan leaves, elm leaves and mulberry leaves which are rich in local resources, adds proper amount of nutrients such as bean cakes, wheat bran, sugar, yeast powder and the like to prepare culture base materials, is inoculated with edible fungus culture strains to culture materials containing a large amount of mycelia, can generate a large amount of mycelia, protein, polysaccharides, organic acids, enzymes, bioactive substances and other nutrient substances through the growth and metabolism process of the mycelia, can be beneficial to improving the nutrition level of animals and improving the conversion rate of feed, has no toxic or side effect on livestock and environment, can not generate drug resistance after long-term use, and can effectively promote the growth of the animals.
The method of the invention softens and differentiates cellulose in leaf materials in the formula through the growth and metabolism process of edible fungus hypha to form nutrient-rich metabolic substances, can effectively solve the defect of uncomfortable taste and taste caused by direct utilization of leaves, and the prepared high-protein feed has high nutritive value, strong biological activity and good palatability, increases the palatability of animals, and has practical significance for beneficial utilization of leaf resources, changes waste into valuable, enriches protein feed resources and increases economic benefits of production areas.
The invention also provides a utilization method of the edible fungus culture medium, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 30-50 meshes, taking 40-70% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 10-15% of locust tree leaves, 1-5% of ginkgo leaves, 5-15% of elm leaves according to weight percentage, adding 5-10% of bean cake powder, 5-10% of wheat bran, 1.5-2.5% of brown granulated sugar, 1.5-2.5% of calcium carbonate and 1-2% of yeast paste, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to be 60-65% (weight), adjusting the pH value to be 7.5-8.5, bottling or bagging, sterilizing for 2 hours under the conditions of 1.4 kg/square centimeter of pressure and 125 ℃, transferring into an inoculation chamber after sterilization, naturally cooling, inoculating edible fungus culture strains according to the inoculation amount of 10% of the weight of the culture materials, transferring into a culture chamber, culturing for 24-28 days under the environment of 24-27 ℃, enabling mycelia to be covered with the culture medium, placing the culture materials under the condition of 38-42 ℃ to be dissolved for 3 days by itself after the culture is completed, then taking out the culture materials in the bottle or the bag, breaking the culture materials by hands, adding beer yeast with 10 percent (by weight) of the culture materials and uniformly mixing the beer yeast and the culture materials, putting the mixture into a fermentation tank in a fermentation chamber, slightly compacting the mixture, covering a plastic film mask on the material surface, sealing the material surface, controlling the indoor temperature to be 25-28 ℃ for fermentation, wherein the fermentation time is 4-6 days, after the fermentation is finished, drying the fermentation materials by using drying equipment at the temperature of 75-85 ℃, and crushing the fermentation materials into 85-95 meshes to obtain the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product;
the edible fungus strain is cultured in the following way:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
The edible fungus is any one of mushroom, pleurotus eryngii, flammulina velutipes, oyster mushroom, phoenix mushroom, jinding mushroom, pleurotus nebrodensis, agrocybe chaxingu, hypsizygus marmoreus, flammulina velutipes, agaricus bisporus, volvariella volvacea, meadow mushroom, hypertrophic mushroom, stropharia rugosoannulata, sparassis crispa, pleurotus tuber-leaved mushroom, tremella, black mushroom, nameko mushroom, lepista sordida, grifola frondosa, russula vinosa, russula edulis, lactobacillus plantarum, bicychnus, pleurotus geesteranus, morel, yellow willow mushroom, chanterelle, coprinus comatus, tricholoma lobayensis, truffle, armillaria mellea, russultap, ganoderma lucidum, tremella, black fungus and hericium erinaceus.
The bottling of the invention refers to a conventional strain bottle without special description, and the polypropylene plastic bag is selected for the bagging.
According to the method, the cultured edible fungus culture medium is added with 10% of beer yeast by weight for secondary fermentation, so that the nutrient content is remarkably improved, and through detection, the content of protein is 50-55%, the content of fat is 3.1-3.9%, the content of carbohydrate is 45.6-49.3%, the content of total flavone is 3.2-4.8%, the content of lysine is 1.8-2.8%, and the edible fungus culture medium further contains abundant enzyme, B vitamins and abundant carbon substance elements. The product of the invention not only improves the nutrient content, but also has strong wine aroma, sweet and sweet smell and good palatability, and increases the food preference of animals.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of a high protein feed of an edible fungus culture medium comprises the steps of utilizing leaves rich in protein and corresponding nutrient substances to form a culture base material, inoculating edible fungus culture strains according to a conventional method, culturing to form rich mycelia, and processing to prepare the high protein feed, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 40 meshes, weighing 55kg of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 12.5kg of pecan leaves, 3kg of mulberry leaves, 10kg of elm leaves, 7kg of bean cake powder, 7kg of wheat bran, 2kg of brown granulated sugar, 1.5kg of urea and 2kg of yeast powder, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 7.5, bagging, sterilizing under pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter and temperature of 125 deg.C for 2 hr, transferring into inoculating chamber, naturally cooling, inoculating Lentinus Edodes strain in an amount of 10% of the weight of the culture medium, transferring into culture chamber, culturing at 27 deg.C for 24 days to make mycelium be covered with culture medium, placing culture medium at 38 deg.C for autolysis for 3 days, and then drying the culture medium material by using drying equipment at the temperature of 92 ℃, and crushing to 95 meshes to obtain the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product.
And (3) detecting a product: 46.4% of protein, 3.3% of fat, 43.43% of carbohydrate, 3.6% of total flavonoids and 1.7% of lysine.
The mushroom strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
The product of the invention uses the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, elm leaves, pecan leaves rich in protein and mulberry leaves rich in flavone and protein to be matched with corresponding nutrient substrates to form the edible fungus mycelium culture medium, and through the growth and reproduction and nutrient metabolism of mycelium, the product not only enriches more protein, but also decomposes other biomacromolecules and other substances which are difficult to be digested and utilized by animals, improves the digestion utilization rate of the leaves, improves the physical properties of the substances and enhances the palatability. Compared with the common compound feed, the feed-meat ratio of the product for feeding pigs is 2.46-2.88: 1, and the general compound feed is 2.57-3.02: 1, the product of the invention reduces the breeding cost and improves the economic benefit.
Example 2
A preparation method of a high protein feed of an edible fungus culture medium comprises the steps of utilizing leaves rich in protein and corresponding nutrient substances to form a culture base material, inoculating edible fungus culture strains according to a conventional method, culturing to form rich mycelia, and processing to prepare the high protein feed, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 24 meshes, weighing 70kg of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 10kg of petiolus verniciflua fruits leaves, 1kg of mulberry leaves, 5kg of elm leaves, 5kg of bean cake powder, 5kg of wheat bran, 1.5kg of brown granulated sugar, 1kg of urea and 1.5kg of yeast powder, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 7.2, bagging, sterilizing under pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter and temperature of 125 deg.C for 2 hr, transferring into inoculating chamber, naturally cooling, inoculating Pleurotus Ostreatus culture seed in an amount of 10% of the culture material weight, transferring into culture chamber, culturing at 24 deg.C for 28 days to make mycelium be covered with culture medium, placing culture medium at 42 deg.C for autolysis for 3 days, then the culture medium is dried by a drying device at the temperature of 98 ℃, and is crushed to 90 meshes, thus obtaining the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product.
And (3) detecting a product: 42% of protein, 2.8% of fat, 40% of carbohydrate, 2.8% of total flavone and 1.26% of lysine.
The oyster mushroom strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
Example 3
A preparation method of a high protein feed of an edible fungus culture medium comprises the steps of utilizing leaves rich in protein and corresponding nutrient substances to form a culture base material, inoculating edible fungus culture strains according to a conventional method, culturing to form rich mycelia, and processing to prepare the high protein feed, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 40 meshes, weighing 40kg of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 15kg of pecan leaves, 5kg of mulberry leaves, 15kg of elm leaves, 10kg of bean cake powder, 10kg of wheat bran, 2kg of brown granulated sugar, 1kg of urea and 2kg of yeast powder, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 8.0, bagging, sterilizing under pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter at 125 deg.C for 2 hr, transferring into inoculation chamber, naturally cooling, inoculating Pleurotus eryngii culture seeds in an amount of 10 wt% of the culture medium, transferring into a culture room, culturing at 26 deg.C for 27 days to make mycelium be covered with culture medium, placing culture medium at 40 deg.C for autolysis for 3 days, and then drying the culture medium material by using drying equipment at the temperature of 95 ℃, and crushing to 95 meshes to obtain the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product.
And (3) detecting a product: 48.5% of protein, 3.6% of fat, 44.6% of carbohydrate, 3.9% of total flavonoids and 2.07% of lysine.
The pleurotus eryngii strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
Example 4
A preparation method of a high protein feed of an edible fungus culture medium comprises the steps of utilizing leaves rich in protein and corresponding nutrient substances to form a culture base material, inoculating edible fungus culture strains according to a conventional method, culturing to form rich mycelia, and processing to prepare the high protein feed, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 30 meshes, weighing 60kg of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 10kg of petiolus verniciflua fruits leaves, 4kg of mulberry leaves, 6kg of elm leaves, 5kg of bean cake powder, 8kg of wheat bran, 2.5kg of brown granulated sugar, 2kg of urea and 2.5kg of yeast powder, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 7.8, bagging, sterilizing under pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter at 125 deg.C for 2 hr, transferring into inoculation chamber, naturally cooling, inoculating stropharia rugoso-annulata with the inoculation amount of 10 percent of the weight of the culture material, then transferring the stropharia rugoso-annulata into a culture room, culturing at 27 deg.C for 24 days to make mycelium be covered with culture medium, placing culture medium at 41 deg.C for autolysis for 3 days, and then drying the culture medium material by using drying equipment at the temperature of 95 ℃, and crushing to 92 meshes to obtain the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product.
And (3) detecting a product: 45.6% of protein, 3.3% of fat, 42.8% of carbohydrate, 3.7% of total flavone and 1.56% of lysine.
The stropharia rugoso-annulata strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
Example 5
A preparation method of a high protein feed of an edible fungus culture medium comprises the steps of utilizing leaves rich in protein and corresponding nutrient substances to form a culture base material, inoculating edible fungus culture strains according to a conventional method, culturing to form rich mycelia, and processing to prepare the high protein feed, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 45 meshes, weighing 50kg of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 13kg of petiolus verniciflua fruits leaves, 3.5kg of mulberry leaves, 4kg of elm leaves, 8kg of bean cake powder, 6kg of wheat bran, 2kg of brown granulated sugar, 1.5kg of urea and 2kg of yeast powder, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 8.2, bagging, sterilizing under pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter at 125 deg.C for 2 hr, transferring into inoculation chamber, naturally cooling, inoculating Agaricus bisporus strain in an amount of 10% by weight of the culture medium, transferring into a culture room, culturing at 25 deg.C for 26 days to make mycelium be covered with culture medium, autolyzing at 39 deg.C for 3 days, and then drying the culture base material by using drying equipment at the temperature of 96 ℃, and crushing to 95 meshes to obtain the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product.
And (3) detecting a product: 46.8% of protein, 3.25% of fat, 41.7% of carbohydrate, 3.65% of total flavonoids and 1.86% of lysine.
The agaricus bisporus strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
Example 6
A process for preparing the high-protein feed used as culture medium of edible fungus includes such steps as adding the protein-enriched broussonetia papyrifera leaves, locust tree leaves, elm tree leaves and flavone-enriched gingko leaves to the culture medium, inoculating the edible fungus strain, culturing to obtain rich mycelium, fermenting by beer yeast, baking and pulverizing.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 30 meshes, respectively taking 55% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 12% of locust tree leaves, 3% of ginkgo leaves, 10% of elm leaves, 7.5% of bean cake powder, 7.5% of wheat bran, 2% of brown granulated sugar, 2% of calcium carbonate and 1% of yeast extract, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 8.0, bagging, sterilizing at the temperature of 125 ℃ for 2 hours under the pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter, transferring into an inoculation chamber after sterilization, inoculating tea tree mushroom cultivar according to the inoculum size of 10% of the compost, transferring into a fermentation culture chamber, culturing for 28 days under the temperature of 24 ℃, fully distributing mycelium with the culture medium, placing the culture medium at the temperature of 40 ℃ to autolyze for 3 days after the culture is finished, taking out the compost in the bag, crushing the compost by hand, adding beer yeast of 10% of the compost and uniformly mixing, placing into a fermentation tank, lightly compacting, covering the material surface with a plastic film mask, sealing, fermenting at 25 deg.C for 6 days, drying the fermented material at 80 deg.C with a drying device, and pulverizing to 85 mesh to obtain high protein feed product of Agrocybe aegerita culture medium.
And (3) detecting a product: 52% of protein, 3.52% of fat, 47.3% of carbohydrate, 4.2% of total flavone and 2.35% of lysine.
The agrocybe aegerita strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
Example 7
A process for preparing the high-protein feed used as culture medium of edible fungus includes such steps as adding the protein-enriched broussonetia papyrifera leaves, locust tree leaves, elm tree leaves and flavone-enriched gingko leaves to the culture medium, inoculating the edible fungus strain, culturing to obtain rich mycelium, fermenting by beer yeast, baking and pulverizing.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 50 meshes, respectively taking 70% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 10% of locust tree leaves, 1% of ginkgo leaves, 5% of elm leaves, 5% of bean cake powder, 5% of wheat bran, 1.5% of brown granulated sugar, 1.5% of calcium carbonate and 1% of yeast extract, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 7.8, bagging, sterilizing at the pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter and the temperature of 125 ℃ for 2 hours, transferring into an inoculation chamber after sterilization, inoculating a pleurotus nebrodensis cultivation seed according to the inoculation amount of 10% of the cultivation material, transferring into a fermentation culture chamber, culturing at the temperature of 27 ℃ for 24 days to allow mycelia to be fully distributed with the culture medium, placing the culture medium at the temperature of 38 ℃ to autolyze for 3 days after the culture is finished, taking out the cultivation material in the bag, crushing the cultivation material by hand, adding beer yeast of 10% of the cultivation material and uniformly mixing, placing into a fermentation tank, lightly compacting, covering the material surface with a plastic film mask, sealing, fermenting at 28 deg.C for 4 days, oven drying the fermented material at 85 deg.C with a drying device, and pulverizing to 95 mesh to obtain high protein feed product.
And (3) detecting a product: 50% of protein, 3.1% of fat, 45.6% of carbohydrate, 3.2% of total flavone and 1.8% of lysine.
The pleurotus nebrodensis strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
Example 8
A process for preparing the high-protein feed used as culture medium of edible fungus includes such steps as adding the protein-enriched broussonetia papyrifera leaves, locust tree leaves, elm tree leaves and flavone-enriched gingko leaves to the culture medium, inoculating the edible fungus strain, culturing to obtain rich mycelium, fermenting by beer yeast, baking and pulverizing.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 40 meshes, respectively taking 40% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 15% of locust tree leaves, 5% of ginkgo leaves, 15% of elm leaves, 10% of bean cake powder, 10% of wheat bran, 2% of brown granulated sugar, 2% of calcium carbonate and 1% of yeast extract, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 8.2, bagging, sterilizing at the temperature of 125 ℃ for 2 hours under the pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter, transferring into an inoculation chamber after sterilization, inoculating coprinus comatus cultivation seeds according to the inoculation quantity of 10% of the cultivation material after natural cooling, transferring into a fermentation culture chamber, culturing for 27 days under the temperature of 25 ℃, enabling mycelia to be fully distributed with the culture medium, after the culture is finished, placing the culture medium at the temperature of 42 ℃ to be self-dissolved for 3 days, taking out the cultivation material in the bag, crushing the cultivation material by hand, adding beer and uniformly mixing the culture material with 10% of, placing into a fermentation tank, lightly compacting, covering the material surface with plastic film mask, sealing, fermenting at 26 deg.C for 5 days, drying the fermented material at 83 deg.C with drying equipment, and pulverizing to 90 mesh to obtain high protein feed product.
And (3) detecting a product: 55% of protein, 3.9% of fat, 49.3% of carbohydrate, 4.8% of total flavone and 2.8% of lysine.
The coprinus comatus strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
Example 9
A process for preparing the high-protein feed used as culture medium of edible fungus includes such steps as adding the protein-enriched broussonetia papyrifera leaves, locust tree leaves, elm tree leaves and flavone-enriched gingko leaves to the culture medium, inoculating the edible fungus strain, culturing to obtain rich mycelium, fermenting by beer yeast, baking and pulverizing.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 45 meshes, respectively taking 60% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 11% of locust tree leaves, 2% of ginkgo leaves, 7% of elm leaves, 6% of bean cake powder, 7.5% of wheat bran, 2.5% of brown granulated sugar, 2.5% of calcium carbonate and 1.5% of yeast extract, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 7.5, bagging, sterilizing at the pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter and the temperature of 125 ℃ for 2 hours, transferring into an inoculation chamber after sterilization, naturally cooling, inoculating morchella esculenta cultivar according to the inoculation amount of 10% of the compost, transferring into a fermentation culture chamber, culturing at the temperature of 26 ℃ for 26 days to fully distribute mycelia with the culture medium, placing the culture medium at the temperature of 39 ℃ to self-dissolve the culture medium for 3 days by hand, taking out the culture medium in the bag, crushing the culture medium by hand, adding beer yeast of 10% of the compost, uniformly mixing, placing into a fermentation tank, lightly compacting, covering the material surface with a plastic film mask, sealing, fermenting at 26 deg.C for 5 days, drying the fermented material at 82 deg.C with a drying device, and pulverizing to 92 mesh to obtain high protein feed product.
And (3) detecting a product: 52.6 percent of protein, 3.3 percent of fat, 47.2 percent of carbohydrate, 3.35 percent of total flavone and 2.4 percent of lysine.
The morchella strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
Example 10
A process for preparing the high-protein feed used as culture medium of edible fungus includes such steps as adding the protein-enriched broussonetia papyrifera leaves, locust tree leaves, elm tree leaves and flavone-enriched gingko leaves to the culture medium, inoculating the edible fungus strain, culturing to obtain rich mycelium, fermenting by beer yeast, baking and pulverizing.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 35 meshes, respectively taking 50% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 13% of locust tree leaves, 4% of ginkgo leaves, 11% of elm leaves, 8% of bean cake powder, 8% of wheat bran, 2% of brown granulated sugar, 2% of calcium carbonate and 2% of yeast extract, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 7.2, bagging, sterilizing at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter for 2 hours, transferring into an inoculation chamber after sterilization, inoculating hericium erinaceus cultivation seeds according to the inoculation amount of 10% of the culture material after natural cooling, transferring into a fermentation culture chamber, culturing at the temperature of 26 ℃ for 27 days to allow mycelia to be fully distributed with the culture medium, after the culture is finished, placing the culture medium at the temperature of 40 ℃ to autolyze for 3 days, taking out the culture material in the bag, crushing the culture material by hand, adding beer yeast and the culture material in an amount of, placing into a fermentation tank, lightly compacting, covering the material surface with a plastic film mask, sealing, fermenting at 26 deg.C for 5 days, drying the fermented material at 80 deg.C with a drying device, and pulverizing to 95 mesh to obtain Hericium erinaceus culture medium high protein feed product.
And (3) detecting a product: 53.8% of protein, 3.7% of fat, 48.3% of carbohydrate, 4.5% of total flavone and 2.6% of lysine.
The hericium erinaceus strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of paper mulberry leaf powder (50 meshes), 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content (by weight); selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder (80 meshes), 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60% (by weight), making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating original strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time; the method has the advantage of rapid hypha growth, and can be used after 2 weeks.
The product of the invention utilizes the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, the locust tree leaves, the elm leaves and the ginkgo leaves rich in flavone to be matched with corresponding nutrient substances to form an edible fungus mycelium culture medium, then adds the cultured culture base material rich in mycelium into saccharomyces cerevisiae for fermentation treatment, forms a large amount of nutrient components such as protein and the like through the growth and metabolism of the edible fungus mycelium, correspondingly improves and enriches the nutrient components such as protein, amino acid, carbohydrate, enzyme, vitamin, mineral substances and the like through the metabolic biochemical reaction of the microbial bacteria through the fermentation of the saccharomyces cerevisiae, further improves the nutrient value and the utilization efficiency of the product, and better improves the taste and the flavor. The finished product is tested, and the main nutrient components in the finished product are improved correspondingly compared with the finished product prepared by the method of claim 1. The product of the embodiment and common feed accounting for 50 percent of the total weight are mixed and fed to the Boer goats through a single common feed for comparison test, and the test group has better weight gain effect than the control group. The specific experimental data are as follows:
test site: sheep raising bases (guan lake town of Zhou herba) of east aquaculture Limited company of Zhou herba; the test sheep variety: boer goats; test number: 100, the number of the main body is 100; test time: 30 days; the specific test data are as follows: 100 Boer goats are divided into 2 groups, 50 goat groups are respectively a test group and a control group, the test group is fed by mixing the product of the embodiment with common feed in a proportion of 50 percent, the control group is fed by common feed, the feeding environment is consistent, and drinking water is consistent; the average weight of each group before the test is 25.4kg, the average weight of the test group is 32.6kg after the feeding for 30 days, and the average weight of the control group is 30.7 kg; from the above two groups of analysis, the average daily weight gain of a single sheep is 0.24kg when the product of the invention is fed for 30 days, and the average daily weight gain of a single sheep fed with the common feed is 0.18 kg. The tests show that the product of the invention has obvious effect of fattening sheep growth and development.
Claims (4)
1. A method for utilizing an edible fungus culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
drying and crushing each leaf by microwave to 24-50 meshes, taking 40-70% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 10-15% of pecan leaves, 1-5% of mulberry leaves and 5-15% of elm leaves according to weight percentage, adding 5-10% of bean cake powder, 5-10% of wheat bran, 1.5-2.5% of brown granulated sugar, 1-2% of urea and 1.5-2.5% of yeast powder, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 7.2-8.2, bottling or bagging, sterilizing for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kg/square centimeter, transferring into an inoculation chamber after sterilization, naturally cooling, inoculating edible fungus culture strains according to the inoculation amount of 10% of the weight of the culture materials, transferring into a culture chamber, culturing for 24-28 days at the temperature of 24-27 ℃, enabling mycelia to be covered with the culture medium, after the culture materials are cultured, placing the culture materials at the temperature of 38-42 ℃ for self-dissolving for 3 days, then drying the culture materials at the temperature of 92-98 ℃ by a drying device, crushing to 90-95 meshes to obtain the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product;
the protein content of the high-protein feed cultured by the edible fungi is 42-48.5%, the fat content is 2.8-3.6%, the carbohydrate content is 40-44.6%, the total flavone content is 2.8-3.9%, and the lysine content is 1.26-2.07%;
the edible fungus strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of broussonetia papyrifera leaf 50-mesh powder, 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content; selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder of 80 meshes, 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60%, making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time.
2. A method for utilizing an edible fungus culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
drying each leaf by microwave, crushing to 30-50 meshes, taking 40-70% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 10-15% of locust tree leaves, 1-5% of ginkgo leaves, 5-15% of elm leaves according to weight percentage, adding 5-10% of bean cake powder, 5-10% of wheat bran, 1.5-2.5% of brown granulated sugar, 1.5-2.5% of calcium carbonate and 1-2% of yeast paste, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8.5, bottling or bagging, sterilizing for 2 hours under the conditions of 1.4 kg/square centimeter of pressure and 125 ℃, transferring into an inoculation chamber after sterilization, naturally cooling, inoculating edible fungus culture strains according to the inoculation amount of 10% of the weight of culture materials, transferring into a culture chamber, culturing for 24-28 days under the environment of 24-27 ℃, enabling mycelia to be covered with the culture medium, after the culture is finished, placing the culture materials under the condition of 38-42 ℃ to allow the culture materials to be dissolved for 3 days, taking out the culture materials in the bottle or the bag, breaking the culture materials by hands, adding beer yeast accounting for 10% of the culture materials and uniformly mixing the beer yeast and the culture materials, putting the mixture into a fermentation tank in a fermentation chamber, slightly compacting the mixture, covering a plastic film mask on the material surface, sealing the material surface, controlling the indoor temperature to be 25-28 ℃ for fermentation for 4-6 days, drying the fermented materials at 75-85 ℃ by using drying equipment after the fermentation is finished, and crushing the materials into 85-95 meshes to obtain the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed product;
the edible fungus culture medium high-protein feed comprises 50-55% of protein, 3.1-3.9% of fat, 45.6-49.3% of carbohydrate, 3.2-4.8% of total flavone and 1.8-2.8% of lysine;
the edible fungus strain is cultured according to the following method:
a. mother strain slant culture medium: peeled potato 20%, glucose 2%, ammonium sulfate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, yeast extract 0.1%, peptone 0.2%, agar 2%, water 75.2%, and natural pH value;
b. stock solid medium: 40% of wheat, 30% of broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder with 50 meshes, 25% of wheat bran, 2% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of gypsum powder, 0.5% of cane sugar and 50-55% of water content; selecting wheat aged for one year according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.5 adding water, soaking for 5-6 hours, then boiling for 15 minutes with strong fire, adding cane sugar, boiling for 10 minutes, leaving from the fire to be slightly cold, respectively and sequentially adding calcium carbonate, gypsum powder, wheat bran and broussonetia papyrifera leaf powder, stirring uniformly, controlling the water content to be 50-55%, bottling, sterilizing with high pressure, maintaining for 2 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 1.4 kilograms per square centimeter, taking out, cooling, inoculating a slant mother strain, culturing at a proper temperature, and when hypha grows to be 2cm deep, beating the bottle for 1 time to accelerate the growth of the hypha and ensure that the upper and lower fungus ages are consistent;
c. solid culture medium of cultivar: 55% of paper mulberry sawdust, 22% of paper mulberry leaf powder of 80 meshes, 2% of bran, 15% of starch, 5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of magnesium sulfate and 0.5% of potassium dihydrogen sulfate; mixing the raw materials uniformly, concocting with water to obtain paste with water content of 60%, making into cake, cutting into 5mm thick 10mm long granules, bottling, sterilizing by conventional method, inoculating strain, and shaking for 5 days for 1 time.
3. The method according to claims 1 to 2, wherein the edible fungi is any one of shiitake mushroom, pleurotus eryngii, flammulina velutipes, oyster mushroom, phoenix mushroom, jinding mushroom, pleurotus nebrodensis, chaxingu, hypsizygus marmoreus, flammulina velutipes, agaricus bisporus, volvariegated volvulus, meadow mushroom, hypertrophic mushroom, stropharia rugoso-annulata, sparassis crispa, hypsizygus marmoreus, black mushroom, nameko mushroom, lepista sordida, grifola frondosa, russula vinosa, chamomile mushroom, boletus edulis, lactobacillus terpineus, bicychia mushroom, pleurotus geesteranus, morchella esculenta, salix giganteus, chanterellen mushroom, coprinus comatus, tricholoma giganteum, tricholoma matsutake, russulum, russula vinosa, ganoderma lucidum, tremella fuciformidis, hericium erinaceus, hericium erina.
4. A method for utilizing edible fungus culture medium according to claim 1-2, wherein the bag is filled with polypropylene plastic bags.
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