CN113068774A - 一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料及其制造方法，涉及对虾饵料技术领域。本发明一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料，所述饵料按重量百分比包括以下组分：智利鱼粉20‑30％、国产鱼粉5‑10％、酵母粉3‑5％、豆粕15‑20％、花生粕5‑7％、虾壳粉5‑15％、大豆磷脂3‑7％、小麦粉10.5‑15.5％、植物油1‑3％、磷酸二氢钙2‑5％、乳酸钙0.2‑1％、预混料2‑4％、0.2‑0.6％肽聚糖。本发明专利一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料及其制造方法，使得该种添加有肽聚糖的对虾饵料，可以增强对虾对病毒的抵抗能力,提高对虾在病毒感染状态下的存活率；在保证对虾在摄食过程中获取多种蛋白的同时降低传统动物饵料的成本；可避免饵料因包装不佳而发生氧化，避免饵料变质，提高饵料的使用周期。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及对虾饵料技术领域，特别涉及一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料及其制造方法。
背景技术
对虾为节肢动物，对虾营养丰富，且其肉质松软，易消化，对于身体虚弱以及病后需要调养的人是极好的食物；对虾中含有丰富的镁，镁对心脏活动具有重要的调节作用，能很好的保护心血管系统，它可减少血液中胆固醇含量，防止动脉硬化，同时还能扩张冠状动脉，有利于预防高血压及心肌梗塞。
随着人们对对虾的需求越来越大，自然繁殖的对虾已不能满足市场的需求，因此人工养殖对虾得到不断发展，现有养殖对虾过程中会使用到人工配比饵料，而现有人工饵料的饲养往往存在以下问题：1.现有人工配比饵料只能为对虾提供能量，而不能起到提高对虾免疫力的作用，当对虾出现感染时极易死亡，导致对虾存活率不高；2.现有人工配比饲料往往只要通过鱼粉提供虾类所需的蛋白质成分，导致饵料成本较高，不利于大面积推广使用；3.现有制作成功的饵料常常因包装效果不佳而发生氧化，导致饵料变质，影响饵料的后续使用。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料及其制造方法，可以有效解决背景技术中的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：
一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料，所述饵料按重量百分比包括以下组分：智利鱼粉20-30％、国产鱼粉5-10％、酵母粉3-5％、豆粕15-20％、花生粕5-7％、虾壳粉5-15％、大豆磷脂3-7％、小麦粉10.5-15.5％、植物油1-3％、磷酸二氢钙2-5％、乳酸钙0.2-1％、预混料2-4％、0.2-0.6％肽聚糖。
优选的，所述预混料为维生素C、维生素E和褐藻酸钠按1∶1∶2的比例混合均匀而制成。
优选的，所述肽聚糖浓度为1000×106mol/L。
一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、制备肽聚糖：将发酵完成的菌液分别经灭活、裂解、消化、脱脂处理获取肽聚糖；
步骤二、原料粉碎过筛：选好备齐制作饵料所需的各种原材料，然后利用粉碎机和过筛网分别进行粉碎和过筛处理；
步骤三、混合制粒：将粉碎后的各种原料和肽聚糖按比例称重配合，并加入适量水，混合均匀，然后置于饵料制粒机中进行制粒操作；
步骤四、干燥：将制粒完成的饵料置于干燥机内进行干燥处理，干燥温度不高于50摄氏度；
步骤五、真空充氮包装：将成型饵料分装入包装袋，然后抽出包装袋内的空气，待包装袋内达到预定的真空度后，再充入氮气完成封口处理。
优选的，所述步骤一中发酵完成的菌液分别依次经过菌种活化和增菌培养处理，且经脱脂处理获取的肽聚糖冻干保存。
优选的，所述步骤一灭活处理为将发酵完成的菌液，8000r/min4℃离心15min,收集沉淀用0.9％生理盐水洗涤至细菌为白色，并将收集的细菌于65℃水浴,衡温4Omin。
优选的，所述步骤一裂解处理为将细菌加入50ml0.5％TritonX-100中，80℃-85℃水浴1h,同时不断连续搅拌,然后立即冷却,并用重蒸水彻底洗涤,再用甲醇:水、甲醇和丙酮连续洗涤,去除不可溶残渣中的去垢剂。
优选的，所述步骤二中过筛网目数为100-300目。
优选的，所述步骤三中制粒形状为圆柱型，且规格为2.0-3.0mm。
优选的，所述步骤四中干燥时间为1-1.5h,且经过干燥的饵料含水量低于10％。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
1、本发明中，通过将发酵完成的菌液分别经灭活、裂解、消化、脱脂处理获取1000×106mol/L的肽聚糖，并将获取的肽聚糖与配比原料混合，从而使得该种添加有肽聚糖的对虾饵料，可以增强对虾对病毒的抵抗能力,提高对虾在病毒感染状态下的存活率。
2、本发明中，通过饵料中的多种鱼粉、豆粕、虾壳粉和花生粕为基础原料为对虾提供丰富的植物蛋白和动物蛋白，在保证对虾在摄食过程中获取多种蛋白的同时降低传统动物饵料的成本，有利于养殖人员广泛应用。
3、本发明中，通过干燥机将饵料进行低温干燥，除去饵料中多余的水分，并将制成的饵料进行真空充氮包装，避免饵料因包装不佳而发生氧化，避免饵料变质，提高饵料的使用周期。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料及其制造方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部份实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料，其特征在于：所述饵料按重量百分比包括以下组分：智利鱼粉20％、国产鱼粉10％、酵母粉4％、豆粕15％、花生粕7％、虾壳粉15％、大豆磷脂7％、小麦粉10.5％、植物油3％、磷酸二氢钙5％、乳酸钙1％、预混料2％、0.5％肽聚糖。
实施例二
一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料，其特征在于：所述饵料按重量百分比包括以下组分：智利鱼粉30％、国产鱼粉10％、酵母粉3％、豆粕16％、花生粕5％、虾壳粉5％、大豆磷脂3％、小麦粉15.5％、植物油3％、磷酸二氢钙5％、乳酸钙0.2％、预混料4％、0.3％肽聚糖。
实施例三
一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料，其特征在于：所述饵料按重量百分比包括以下组分：智利鱼粉25％、国产鱼粉10％、酵母粉5％、豆粕18％、花生粕6％、虾壳粉10％、大豆磷脂5％、小麦粉13％、植物油2％、磷酸二氢钙2％、乳酸钙0.5％、预混料3％、0.5％肽聚糖。
实施例四
一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料，其特征在于：所述饵料按重量百分比包括以下组分：智利鱼粉25％、国产鱼粉5％、酵母粉5％、豆粕18％、花生粕6％、虾壳粉12％、大豆磷脂5％、小麦粉15.5％、植物油2％、磷酸二氢钙2％、乳酸钙0.5％、预混料3.5％、0.5％肽聚糖。
一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料的制造方法，包括以下步骤：制备肽聚糖：将发酵完成的菌液分别经灭活、裂解、消化、脱脂处理获取肽聚糖；原料粉碎过筛：选好备齐制作饵料所需的各种原材料，然后利用粉碎机和过筛网分别进行粉碎和过筛处理；混合制粒：将粉碎后的各种原料和肽聚糖按比例称重配合，并加入适量水，混合均匀，然后置于饵料制粒机中进行制粒操作；干燥：将制粒完成的饵料置于干燥机内进行干燥处理，干燥温度不高于50摄氏度；真空充氮包装：将成型饵料分装入包装袋，然后抽出包装袋内的空气，待包装袋内达到预定的真空度后，再充入氮气完成封口处理；发酵完成的菌液分别依次经过菌种活化和增菌培养处理，且经脱脂处理获取的肽聚糖冻干保存；灭活处理为将发酵完成的菌液，8000r/min4℃离心15min,收集沉淀用0.9％生理盐水洗涤至细菌为白色，并将收集的细菌于65℃水浴,衡温4Omin；裂解处理为将细菌加入50ml0.5％TritonX-100中，80℃-85℃水浴1h,同时不断连续搅拌,然后立即冷却,并用重蒸水彻底洗涤,再用甲醇:水、甲醇和丙酮连续洗涤,去除不可溶残渣中的去垢剂；过筛网目数为100-300目；中制粒形状为圆柱型，且规格为2.0-3.0mm；干燥时间为1-1.5h,且经过干燥的饵料含水量低于10％；与现有技术相比，本发明一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料及其制造方法，该种生态型饵料添加有肽聚糖，可以增强对虾对病毒的抵抗能力,提高对虾在病毒感染状态下的存活率；且以多种鱼粉、豆粕、虾壳粉和花生粕为基础原料为对虾提供丰富的植物蛋白和动物蛋白，在保证对虾在摄食过程中获取多种蛋白的同时降低传统动物饵料的成本；该饵料在制造过程中可避免饵料因包装不佳而发生氧化，避免饵料变质。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料，其特征在于：所述饵料按重量百分比包括以下组分：智利鱼粉20-30％、国产鱼粉5-10％、酵母粉3-5％、豆粕15-20％、花生粕5-7％、虾壳粉5-15％、大豆磷脂3-7％、小麦粉10.5-15.5％、植物油1-3％、磷酸二氢钙2-5％、乳酸钙0.2-1％、预混料2-4％、0.2-0.6％肽聚糖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料，其特征在于：所述预混料为维生素C、维生素E和褐藻酸钠按1∶1∶2的比例混合均匀而制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料，其特征在于：所述肽聚糖浓度为1000×106mol/L。
4.根据权利要求1-3所述的一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料的制造方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤一、制备肽聚糖：将发酵完成的菌液分别经灭活、裂解、消化、脱脂处理获取肽聚糖；
步骤二、原料粉碎过筛：选好备齐制作饵料所需的各种原材料，然后利用粉碎机和过筛网分别进行粉碎和过筛处理；
步骤三、混合制粒：将粉碎后的各种原料和肽聚糖按比例称重配合，并加入适量水，混合均匀，然后置于饵料制粒机中进行制粒操作；
步骤四、干燥：将制粒完成的饵料置于干燥机内进行干燥处理，干燥温度不高于50摄氏度；
步骤五、真空充氮包装：将成型饵料分装入包装袋，然后抽出包装袋内的空气，待包装袋内达到预定的真空度后，再充入氮气完成封口处理。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一中发酵完成的菌液分别依次经过菌种活化和增菌培养处理，且经脱脂处理获取的肽聚糖冻干保存。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一灭活处理为将发酵完成的菌液，8000r/min4℃离心15min,收集沉淀用0.9％生理盐水洗涤至细菌为白色，并将收集的细菌于65℃水浴,衡温4Omin。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一裂解处理为将细菌加入50ml0.5％TritonX-100中，80℃-85℃水浴1h,同时不断连续搅拌,然后立即冷却,并用重蒸水彻底洗涤,再用甲醇:水、甲醇和丙酮连续洗涤,去除不可溶残渣中的去垢剂。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤二中过筛网目数为100-300目。
9.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中制粒形状为圆柱型，且规格为2.0-3.0mm。
10.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料的制造方法，其特征在于：所述步骤四中干燥时间为1-1.5h,且经过干燥的饵料含水量低于10％。
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| CN103396496A (zh) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-20 | 宁波大学 | 一种改性嗜酸乳杆菌肽聚糖的制备方法 |
| CN109864230A (zh) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-11 | 贵州省水产研究所 | 一种用于工厂化循环水养殖罗氏沼虾饲料配方 |
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| CN1307816A (zh) * | 2001-02-26 | 2001-08-15 | 杨雄 | 用于对虾健康养殖的生态型饵料及其制造方法 |
| CN101176516A (zh) * | 2007-12-05 | 2008-05-14 | 天津市中天化肥有限公司 | 免疫增强对虾饲料的生产方法 |
| CN103396496A (zh) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-20 | 宁波大学 | 一种改性嗜酸乳杆菌肽聚糖的制备方法 |
| CN109864230A (zh) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-11 | 贵州省水产研究所 | 一种用于工厂化循环水养殖罗氏沼虾饲料配方 |
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