CN113057004B - Environment-friendly fertilization equipment with adjustable spraying range for agriculture - Google Patents
Environment-friendly fertilization equipment with adjustable spraying range for agriculture Download PDFInfo
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- CN113057004B CN113057004B CN202110408803.0A CN202110408803A CN113057004B CN 113057004 B CN113057004 B CN 113057004B CN 202110408803 A CN202110408803 A CN 202110408803A CN 113057004 B CN113057004 B CN 113057004B
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/001—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders
- A01C23/002—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders provided with auxiliary arrangements, e.g. pumps, agitators, cutters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/001—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders
- A01C23/003—Distributing devices, e.g. for rotating, throwing
- A01C23/005—Nozzles, valves, splash plates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/008—Tanks, chassis or related parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D1/00—Dropping, ejecting, releasing, or receiving articles, liquids, or the like, in flight
- B64D1/16—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting
- B64D1/18—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting by spraying, e.g. insecticides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilization equipment, and particularly relates to environment-friendly fertilization equipment with adjustable spraying range for agriculture. The apparatus includes: a load-bearing frame for mounting on the flying apparatus; the fertilizer box is arranged on the bearing frame; the diversion centrifugal disc is arranged on the bearing frame and is communicated with the fertilizer box; a flow control valve for controlling a flow rate; the power device is used for controlling the split-flow centrifugal disc to rotate; the spraying devices are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the diversion centrifugal disc and can be unfolded under the centrifugal action; the identifier is used for identifying the area where the fertilizing amount needs to be increased; and the controller is used for controlling the flow control valve, the power device, the identifier and the switch panel to work. The device can adjust the spraying range and the spraying amount of the fertilizing equipment in the flight process, increase the fertilizing amount in local areas, does not need to frequently alternate the hovering and flight states of the flight equipment, saves the power energy consumption of the flight equipment, and is beneficial to environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilization equipment, and particularly relates to environment-friendly fertilization equipment with adjustable spraying range for agriculture.
Background
The fertilization is an important means of agricultural activities, and can play different roles of flower preservation, fruit preservation, water preservation, insect killing, weeding and the like according to different applied fertilizer components. The fertilizer can be classified into solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer according to different fertilizer forms. The fertilizer applying apparatus may be classified into a ground fertilizer applying apparatus and an air fertilizer applying apparatus according to the difference of the fertilizer applying sites. The aerial fertilization equipment is to carry out fertilization by using aerial flight equipment such as an unmanned plane or a helicopter and the like, has wide application range and large area, and is particularly suitable for areas with uneven ground.
The fertilizer injection unit result that is applicable to aerial flight equipment and carries on is numerous, and each has advantages, for example chinese patent CN207720701U discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle that can improve and spray the homogeneity for solve current unmanned aerial vehicle and can influence the problem of spraying the homogeneity because the wind pressure that the rotor produced in the use. The unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle body comprises a rotor and a box body, the upper end of the box body is connected with the rotor through a rotor head, a medicine box and a pump body are arranged in the box body, one end of the pump body is communicated with the medicine box, the other end of the pump body is connected with a plurality of atomizing nozzles uniformly distributed at the lower end of the box body, guide plates are hinged to four surfaces of the box body respectively, the lower end of each guide plate is connected with a universal wheel, each guide plate comprises a first wind shield and a second wind shield, the second wind shield is connected to the lower end of the first wind shield, and the first wind shield and the second wind shield form a guide plate in an inverted funnel shape; the box body is provided with a rotating device for driving the first wind shield to rotate. Chinese patent CN112173121a discloses a can conveniently fold the storage in the extension spraying area, can not interfere unmanned aerial vehicle's normal flight and landing, and can avoid the spraying to irritate on the organism in reverse, guarantees the spraying to spray the sprinkler of orientation, rotates the cover and arranges in the bottom of rotating the connecting seat, rotates the motor and arranges in on the rotating the connecting seat, rotate the motor shaft of motor and rotate the cover and be connected, the connector is arranged in and is rotated the cover, and the feed liquor pipe is arranged in on the connector, and is linked together with the inside of connector, and the bottom of connector is arranged in to fixed pot head, and a plurality of umbrella rib poles equiangular are arranged in on the fixed pot head, and a plurality of umbrella rib poles are connected through the umbrella membrane, fixed pot head embeds there is the connecting pipe, the one end of connecting pipe is linked together with the inside of connector, and the bottom of fixed pot head is arranged in perpendicularly to one end of connecting rod.
In the actual agricultural application process, not only the condition of uneven fertilizer spraying is met, but also the situation that the normal fertilizing amount is needed in certain areas and the fertilizing amount is needed to be increased in certain parts can occur in certain areas with uneven soil fertility distribution or uneven crop growth vigor. This requires that the fertilizer apparatus be capable of increasing the amount of fertilizer applied as required. The fertilizing amount is increased by the fertilizing equipment in the prior art in a mode of increasing the flow rate, the spraying frequency or the spraying time. However, for the aerial fertilization mode, the distance between the fertilization device and the ground is greater than that of the ground sprinkling irrigation device, and the sprinkling range of the fertilizer sprayed by the aerial equipment sprinkling head is limited, and for the situation that the area of the area where the fertilization amount needs to be increased is greater than that of the sprinkling range, frequent alternate hovering and flying states are needed, so that the flying equipment is inconvenient to control, the power energy consumption of the flying equipment is increased, and the environmental protection is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the agricultural environment-friendly fertilizing equipment with adjustable spraying range, which can adjust the spraying range and the spraying amount of the fertilizing equipment in the flight process so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the fertilizing amount in local areas, does not need to frequently alternate the hovering and flight states of the flight equipment, saves the power energy consumption of the flight equipment and is beneficial to environmental protection.
The invention aims to provide an agricultural environment-friendly fertilizing device with adjustable spraying range, which comprises:
a load-bearing frame for mounting on the flying apparatus;
the fertilizer box is arranged on the bearing frame, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are formed in the fertilizer box, and a sealing cover is further arranged at the feed inlet;
the diversion centrifugal disc is arranged on the bearing frame and is communicated with a discharge hole of the fertilizer box;
a flow control valve installed at the top of the diverting centrifuge disk for controlling the flow;
the power device is arranged on the split-flow centrifugal disc and used for controlling the split-flow centrifugal disc to rotate;
the spraying devices are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the diversion centrifugal disc, and when the diversion centrifugal disc rotates, the spraying devices can be unfolded under the centrifugal action;
the identifier is used for identifying the land area in need of increasing the fertilizing amount;
and the controller is arranged on the bearing frame and is respectively connected with the flow control valve, the power device, the identifier and the switch panel.
Preferably, the agricultural spraying range adjustable environment-friendly fertilization device further comprises a top transverse frame, a middle transverse frame and a bottom transverse frame, wherein the top transverse frame, the middle transverse frame and the bottom transverse frame are sequentially arranged on the bearing frame from top to bottom, the fertilizer box is arranged between the top transverse frame and the middle transverse frame, the split-flow centrifugal disc is arranged between the middle transverse frame and the bottom transverse frame, and the top of the split-flow centrifugal disc penetrates through the middle transverse frame and is communicated with a discharge hole of the fertilizer box.
Preferably, the agricultural spraying range adjustable environment-friendly fertilizing equipment is characterized in that a through ring is arranged in the bottom transverse frame, the through ring is a hollow area, and a plurality of spraying devices can still rotate in the inner area after being unfolded.
Preferably, the agricultural spraying range adjustable environment-friendly fertilization device is characterized in that the longitudinal section of the diversion centrifugal disc is in a convex shape, an annular sliding rail is arranged around a bottom discharge hole of the fertilizer box, the top of the diversion centrifugal disc is slidably connected to the annular sliding rail, and a sealing material is smeared at the joint of the diversion centrifugal disc and the annular sliding rail.
Preferably, the agricultural spraying range adjustable environment-friendly fertilization device is characterized in that an installation strip is arranged at the top opening of the diversion centrifugal disc, an output shaft of the power device is installed on the installation strip, and a fixing seat of the power device is installed on the middle transverse frame.
Preferably, the agricultural spraying range adjustable environment-friendly fertilizing equipment comprises a water pipe and a spray head, wherein a plurality of liquid outlet holes are formed in the bottom of the split-flow centrifugal disc, one end of the water pipe is communicated with each liquid outlet hole, and the spray head is mounted at the other end of the water pipe.
Preferably, the agricultural environment-friendly fertilizing equipment with adjustable spraying range further comprises a rigid supporting bar which is axially paved along the water pipe body, and the top end of the rigid supporting bar is movably connected with the bottom of the diversion centrifugal disc.
Preferably, the agricultural spraying range adjustable environment-friendly fertilizing equipment further comprises a switching device capable of adaptively adjusting flow, and the switching device comprises:
the sealing piece is of a tubular structure, and is arranged in the rigid supporting strip;
the elastic piece is arranged in the rigid supporting bar and connected between the sealing piece and the inner bottom wall of the rigid supporting bar, and the sealing piece can compress the elastic piece under the action of centrifugal force;
the through pipe is arranged between the water pipe and the rigid support bar and is communicated with the rigid support bar, the through pipe is arranged at the downstream of the flow control valve, and the top of the rigid support bar is communicated with the water pipe at the upstream of the flow control valve.
Preferably, the agricultural spraying range is adjustable, the environment-friendly fertilization equipment is characterized in that the elastic piece adopts a spring, elastic cotton or an elastic air bag.
Preferably, the spraying range of the agricultural fertilizer application equipment is adjustable, and the sealing piece is a solid block.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the fertilizer box is carried with the fertilizer device for flying through the flying equipment, the controller controls the flow control valve to be opened by sending a fertilizing working instruction to the controller through the operation switch panel, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box flows through the diversion centrifugal disc and the spraying device and finally is sprayed out through the spray head, so that the functions of flying and fertilizing are realized. The switch panel is provided with switch buttons with different flow levels, and the flow of the flow control valve is controlled by pressing the corresponding flow level buttons, so that the fertilizing amount is controlled. In order to increase the fertilization range, the number of the spraying devices arranged on each diversion centrifugal disc is at least two, and in order to prevent the fertilization blind area of the central area after the spraying devices are unfolded, the spray holes of the spray heads are distributed in a circumferential radial mode. Under the device structure of the invention, the spraying range and the spraying quantity of the fertilizing equipment can be regulated in the flight process of the flight equipment, so that the purpose of increasing the fertilizing quantity in local areas is achieved, the hovering and flight states of the flight equipment are not required to be frequently alternated, the power energy consumption of the flight equipment is saved, and the environmental protection is facilitated.
2. According to the invention, the GPS locator or the NDVI tester is arranged on the split-flow centrifugal disc and used for identifying the land area needing to be increased with the fertilizing amount, the NDVI tester does not need to judge the area needing to be increased with the fertilizing amount according to the experience value, so that automatic identification is realized, the measuring result is closer to reality, the accuracy is higher, and the phenomena of mistaken spraying of fertilizer and waste of fertilizer resources are avoided.
3. The invention also provides a self-adaptive flow-regulating switch device, which comprises an elastic piece, a sealing piece and a through pipe, wherein after the power device controls the spraying device to be unfolded, under the action of centrifugal force, the sealing piece increases the pressure of the elastic piece to compress the elastic piece, so that the sealing piece is separated from the through pipe, the through pipe is opened, the rigid support bar and the water pipe are communicated, the fertilizer quantity sprayed out of a spray head on the water pipe is increased, the automatic liquid feeding function is realized, the controller is not required to control the power device to rotate, the work load of the controller is reduced, the dead probability of the controller is reduced, and the service life of the controller is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of an agricultural environment-friendly fertilization device with adjustable spraying range carried on a flying device according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the diverter trays of example 1 to a spray device in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the relationship between the sprinkler of example 1 and the bottom rail after deployment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spray head according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the top structure of a split-flow centrifugal disk according to embodiment 2 of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the switching device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a second schematic diagram of the switching device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Example 1
The utility model provides an adjustable environmental protection type fertilization equipment of scope of spraying that agricultural was used, see fig. 1-5, including bearing frame 1, bearing frame 1 is cube shape, cylinder shape or irregular shape, and bearing frame 1 is used for the installation to carry on flying device 10, and flying device 10 can adopt load-carrying flying device such as helicopter or unmanned aerial vehicle. The fertilizer box 2 is fixedly or detachably mounted on the bearing frame 1, and fertilizer to be sprayed is placed in the fertilizer box 2, preferably in a liquid state. The bottom of the fertilizer box 2 is communicated with a diversion centrifugal disc 3, a top transverse frame 11, a middle transverse frame 12 and a bottom transverse frame 13 are sequentially arranged on the bearing frame 1 from top to bottom for facilitating the installation of the fertilizer box 2, the fertilizer box 2 is fixed in a welding manner or is detachably installed between the top transverse frame 11 and the middle transverse frame 12 through bolts, and a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are formed in the fertilizer box 2; preferably, the feed inlet is arranged at the top of the fertilizer box 2, and the discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box 2; the feed inlet is also provided with a sealing cover. The split-flow centrifugal disc 3 is arranged between the middle transverse frame 12 and the bottom transverse frame 13, the split-flow centrifugal disc 3 is of a hollow structure and is made of hard materials such as metal or alloy, the top of the split-flow centrifugal disc 3 passes through the middle transverse frame 12 and is communicated with a discharge hole of the fertilizer box 2, the top of the split-flow centrifugal disc 3 is provided with a flow control valve 31, the flow control valve 31 is used for controlling flow, the split-flow centrifugal disc 3 is provided with a power device 32 capable of controlling rotation of the split-flow centrifugal disc, and the power device 32 is a rotating motor or an angular displacement motor; preferably, the fixed seat of the power device 32 is arranged on the middle transverse frame 12, and the output shaft of the power device 32 is arranged on the split-flow centrifugal disc 3; the bottom of the split-flow centrifugal disc 3 is rotatably provided with a plurality of spraying devices, and when the split-flow centrifugal disc 3 rotates, the spraying devices can be unfolded under the centrifugal action, so that the spraying range is enlarged.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the bottom cross frame 13 is provided with a through ring 131, the through ring 131 is a hollow area, and the sprinkler can still rotate inside the through ring 131 after being unfolded.
In this embodiment, sprinkler includes water pipe 4 and shower nozzle, and a plurality of play liquid holes have been seted up to reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk 3 bottom, all communicate the one end that is provided with a water pipe 4 on every play liquid hole, and the shower nozzle is installed to the other end of water pipe 4. The diameter of the region of the plurality of water pipes 4 which is in the same plane as the through-ring 131 after being spread out needs to be smaller than the diameter of the through-ring 131. In order to increase the unfolding stability of the spraying device, the water pipe 4 adopts a rigid pipe, and the rigid pipe is connected with the diversion centrifugal disk 3 through a corrugated pipe; or a rigid supporting bar 41 is laid along the axial direction of the pipe body of the water pipe 4, the rigid supporting bar 41 can be in a tubular structure or a strip-shaped structure, the top end of the rigid supporting bar 41 is connected with the bottom of the split-flow centrifugal disc 3 through a universal shaft or other rotating devices, and the water pipe 4 is fixed on the rigid supporting bar 41 through a clamp. The greater the power of the power plant 32, the higher the rotational speed of the sprinkler, and the greater the spread of the sprinkler.
The agricultural environment-friendly fertilization equipment with adjustable spraying range further comprises a controller, a switch panel and an identifier for identifying land areas needing to be increased in fertilization amount, wherein the controller is arranged on the bearing frame 1, the controller adopts STM32F series controllers in the prior art, the volume is small, the price is low, the controller can also adopt other types, and the identifier adopts a GPS (global positioning system) positioner; if the flying device 10 is a helicopter, the switch panel is a switch panel wired to the controller, and if the flying device 10 is an unmanned aerial vehicle, the switch panel is a remote controller wirelessly connected to the controller. In this embodiment, the PA1 pin of the controller is connected to the identifier, the PA2 pin is connected to the power device 32, the PA3 pin is connected to the flow control valve 31, and the VSS pin is connected to the power supply.
For areas where crops are planted for a long time, which areas are poor in fertility and easy to lose fertility, which areas are good in fertility and difficult to lose fertility, the rule is obvious, so that the longitude and latitude of the areas with poor fertility are marked in advance, the position information of the areas is written in a controller, and when the flying equipment 10 flies, the areas are identified through an identification instrument carried on the flying equipment.
The working principle of the fertilization device of this embodiment is as follows: the flying device 10 carries on the flight of fertilizer injection unit, send the work instruction of fertilization to the controller through operating the switch panel, then the controller controls flow control valve 31 to open, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 2 flows through reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disc 3 and sprinkler to finally spout through the shower nozzle, then realized the function of fertilization while flying, be provided with different flow level shift buttons on the switch panel, control flow control valve 31 flow through pressing corresponding flow level button, and then controlled the fertilization volume. In order to increase the fertilization range, at least two, such as 2-4, spraying devices are arranged on each split centrifugal disk 3. The GPS locator detects the flying position, in order to detect the fertilization position more accurately, install the GPS locator on the split-flow centrifugal disc 3; when the position information detected by the GPS locator is a pre-calibrated area needing to increase the fertility, the controller controls the power device 32 to work, the power device 32 controls the split-flow centrifugal disc 3 to rotate, the spraying device is unfolded under the centrifugal action, the spraying area is increased, and meanwhile, the flow level of the flow control valve 31 is controlled to be automatically increased by one level to increase the flow so as to supplement the increase of the fertilizer consumption caused by the increase of the spraying area. In order to prevent the fertilizing blind area of the central area after the spraying device is unfolded, the spray holes 42 of the spray head are distributed in a circumferential radial mode, see fig. 4, namely, the larger the flow rate is, the larger the spraying area is, the smaller the flow rate is, the smaller the spraying speed is, and the spraying area is smaller. In the normal fertilization process, the flight track of the flight device 10 is in an S-shaped back and forth flight, the normal spraying amount area is basically in rectangular distribution, when the area needing to increase the fertility is reached, the spraying range of the area is changed into a nearly circular shape after the power device 32 is started, in the S-shaped back and forth flight process of the flight track of the flight device 10, overlapping parts exist in the nearly circular shape, and the overlapping parts are the area for increasing the spraying amount, and the working principle is shown in fig. 5. Therefore, under the device structure of the invention, the spraying range and the spraying amount of the fertilizing equipment can be adjusted in the flight process of the flight equipment 10, so that the purpose of increasing the fertilizing amount in local areas is achieved, the hovering and flight states of the flight equipment are not required to be frequently alternated, the power energy consumption of the flight equipment is saved, and the environmental protection is facilitated.
Example 2
The agricultural spraying range-adjustable environment-friendly fertilization equipment is basically the same as the structure of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that in the embodiment, in order to embody the connection continuity of the power device 32 and the split centrifugal disc 3, the split centrifugal disc 3 is arranged into a structure with a convex longitudinal section, the top edge of the split centrifugal disc 3 acts as an annular slide bar, an annular slide rail is arranged around a bottom discharge hole of the fertilizer box 2, the top of the split centrifugal disc 3 is slidably connected on the annular slide rail, sealing oil is smeared at the joint of the split centrifugal disc 3 and the fertilizer box 2, so that liquid leakage is prevented, a mounting bar 33 is arranged at the top opening of the split centrifugal disc 3, and an output shaft of the power device 32 is mounted on the mounting bar 33 according to fig. 6. The liquid remaining from the bottom of the tank 2 is directed into the diverting centrifuge disk 3.
In this embodiment, the identifier is an NDVI tester, NDVI is also called a normalized vegetation index, its calculation formula is ndvi= (NIR-R)/(nir+r), NIR is a reflection value of the near infrared band, and R is a reflection value of the red band; the vegetation growth status and vegetation coverage can be reflected by testing NDVI. In general, the vegetation growth state in the area with poor fertility is poor, the vegetation coverage is smaller than that in other areas with sufficient fertility, the NDVI tester feeds back the data tested by the NDVI tester to the controller, and the controller performs recognition and calculation, when the controller finds that a plurality of continuous test values are lower than the preset NDVI average value capable of reflecting the general growth degree of vegetation, for example, the test values tested in 5 seconds are lower than the preset NDVI average value, the controller determines that the area is the area where the fertilization amount needs to be increased, and the controller controls the flow control valve 31 and the power device 32 to work in the manner of embodiment 1 so as to control the spraying amount and the spraying range change. In the embodiment, the NDVI tester is utilized to replace the function of a GPS (Global positioning System) locator, the area needing to increase the fertilizing amount is not required to be judged according to the empirical value, automatic identification is realized, the measuring result is closer to the reality, the accuracy is higher, and the phenomena of mistaken spraying of fertilizer and waste of fertilizer resources are avoided. The controller can also preset different levels of flow increasing gears, the controller determines the flow increasing gears according to the comparison result of the NDVI practical measurement average value and the preset average value, for example, when the average value in the NDVI practical measurement continuous 5s is smaller than the preset average value capable of reflecting the vegetation general growth degree NDVI by 1 time, the flow increasing gears are 1 gear, the flow of the flow control valve 31 of the gear fertilizer is 1 time higher than the common flow, when the average value in the NDVI practical measurement continuous 5s is 2 times smaller than the preset average value capable of reflecting the vegetation general growth degree NDVI, the flow increasing gears are 2 gears, the flow of the flow control valve 31 of the gear fertilizer is 2 times higher than the common flow, so that the fertilizer application amount is more intelligently adjusted, and the optimal utilization of fertilizer resources is realized.
Example 3
The agricultural spraying range-adjustable environment-friendly fertilizing equipment has basically the same structure as that of the embodiment 1, and is different in that the embodiment also provides a self-adaptive flow-adjusting switching device, the switching device comprises an elastic piece 51, a sealing piece 5 and a through pipe 52, the elastic piece 51 adopts a spring, elastic cotton, an elastic air bag or other telescopic elastic structures, the sealing piece 5 is in a counterweight function, a spherical or cubic solid block is adopted, and the sealing piece 5 can compress the elastic piece 51 under the action of centrifugal force. The rigid supporting bar 41 adopts a tubular structure, a through pipe 52 is arranged between the water pipe 4 and the rigid supporting bar 41, one end of the through pipe 52 is communicated with the water pipe 4, the other end of the through pipe is communicated with the rigid supporting bar 41, the through pipe 52 is arranged at the downstream of the flow control valve 31, namely, fertilizer firstly flows through the flow control valve 31 and then flows through the through pipe 52, the top of the rigid supporting bar 41 and the water pipe 4 are positioned at the upstream of the flow control valve 31 and are communicated through a hose, namely, the fertilizer can cross the flow control valve 31 and enter the rigid supporting bar 41. The elastic piece 51 and the sealing piece 5 are arranged in the rigid supporting bar 41, the bottom of the elastic piece 51 is connected with the top of the sealing piece 5, and the bottom of the sealing piece 5 is connected with the inner bottom wall of the rigid supporting bar 41. When the spraying device is not unfolded, the elastic piece 51 is in a natural state, the sealing piece 5 and the elastic piece 51 are in a force balance state, the sealing piece 5 is in contact with the inner wall of the rigid support bar 41, and the through pipe 52 is sealed, so that liquid in the rigid support bar 41 cannot enter the water pipe 4, and referring to fig. 7; after the spraying device is controlled to be unfolded by the power device 32, under the action of centrifugal force, the pressure of the sealing piece 5 on the elastic piece 51 is increased, so that the elastic piece 51 is compressed, the sealing piece 5 is separated from the through pipe 52, and the through pipe 52 is opened, so that the rigid supporting strip 41 and the water pipe 4 are communicated, the fertilizer amount sprayed out of a spray head on the water pipe 4 is increased, the automatic liquid adding function is realized, the controller is not required to control the power device to rotate, the workload of the controller is reduced, the probability of halt of the controller is reduced, and the service life of the controller is prolonged. In addition, the higher the power of the power device 32, the higher the rotation speed of the spraying device, the greater the pressure of the sealing member 5 against the elastic member 51.
It should be noted that, the connection relationships of the components not specifically mentioned in the present invention are all default to the prior art, and the connection relationships of the structures are not described in detail because they do not relate to the invention points and are common applications of the prior art.
It should be noted that, when numerical ranges are referred to in the present invention, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints are optional, and because the adopted step method is the same as the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. An agricultural spray range adjustable environmental protection type fertilizer apparatus, characterized by comprising:
a load-bearing frame (1) for mounting on a flying apparatus (10);
the fertilizer box (2) is arranged on the bearing frame (1), a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are arranged on the fertilizer box (2), and a sealing cover is further arranged at the feed inlet;
the diversion centrifugal disc (3) is arranged on the bearing frame (1) and is communicated with a discharge hole of the fertilizer box (2);
a flow control valve (31) mounted on top of the split centrifugal disk (3) for controlling the flow;
a power device (32) which is arranged on the diverting centrifugal disk (3) and is used for controlling the diverting centrifugal disk (3) to rotate;
the spraying devices are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the diversion centrifugal disc (3), and when the diversion centrifugal disc (3) rotates, the spraying devices can be unfolded under the centrifugal action;
the identifier is used for identifying the land area in need of increasing the fertilizing amount;
the controller is arranged on the bearing frame (1) and is respectively connected with the flow control valve (31), the power device (32), the identifier and the switch panel;
the fertilizer box is characterized by further comprising a top transverse frame (11), a middle transverse frame (12) and a bottom transverse frame (13), wherein the top transverse frame (11), the middle transverse frame (12) and the bottom transverse frame (13) are sequentially arranged on the bearing frame (1) from top to bottom, the fertilizer box (2) is arranged between the top transverse frame (11) and the middle transverse frame (12), the split-flow centrifugal disc (3) is arranged between the middle transverse frame (12) and the bottom transverse frame (13), and the top of the split-flow centrifugal disc (3) penetrates through the middle transverse frame (12) and is communicated with a discharge hole of the fertilizer box (2);
the spraying device comprises a water pipe (4) and a spray head, a plurality of liquid outlet holes are formed in the bottom of the diversion centrifugal disc (3), one end of the water pipe (4) is communicated with each liquid outlet hole, and the spray head is arranged at the other end of the water pipe (4);
the water pipe also comprises a rigid supporting bar (41) which is axially paved along the pipe body of the water pipe (4), and the top end of the rigid supporting bar (41) is movably connected with the bottom of the diversion centrifugal disc (3);
also included is a switching device capable of adaptively adjusting flow, the switching device comprising:
the sealing piece (5), the rigid supporting bar (41) adopts a tubular structure, and the sealing piece (5) is arranged in the rigid supporting bar (41);
an elastic piece (51) connected between the sealing piece (5) and the inner bottom wall of the rigid supporting bar (41), wherein the sealing piece (5) can compress the elastic piece (51) under the action of centrifugal force;
a through pipe (52) which is installed between the water pipe (4) and the rigid support bar (41) and communicates the water pipe (4) and the rigid support bar (41), wherein the through pipe (52) is arranged at the downstream of the flow control valve (31), and the top of the rigid support bar (41) is communicated with the water pipe (4) at the upstream of the flow control valve (31);
the elastic piece (51) adopts a spring, elastic cotton or an elastic air bag;
the sealing piece (5) is a solid block.
2. The agricultural adjustable range environment-friendly fertilizing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bottom cross frame (13) is provided therein with a through ring (131), said through ring (131) being a hollow area, and a plurality of said spraying devices being rotatable in the inner area thereof after being unfolded.
3. The agricultural spraying range adjustable environment-friendly fertilization device according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal section of the diversion centrifugal disc (3) is in a convex shape, an annular sliding rail is arranged around a bottom discharge hole of the fertilizer box (2), the top of the diversion centrifugal disc (3) is slidably connected to the annular sliding rail, and a sealing object is smeared at the joint of the diversion centrifugal disc and the annular sliding rail.
4. An agricultural spraying range adjustable environment-friendly fertilization device according to claim 3, wherein a mounting bar (33) is arranged at the top opening of the split-flow centrifugal disc (3), an output shaft of the power device (32) is mounted on the mounting bar (33), and a fixing seat of the power device (32) is mounted on the middle transverse frame (12).
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