CN113057004A - Agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application equipment with adjustable spraying range - Google Patents
Agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application equipment with adjustable spraying range Download PDFInfo
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- CN113057004A CN113057004A CN202110408803.0A CN202110408803A CN113057004A CN 113057004 A CN113057004 A CN 113057004A CN 202110408803 A CN202110408803 A CN 202110408803A CN 113057004 A CN113057004 A CN 113057004A
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/001—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders
- A01C23/002—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders provided with auxiliary arrangements, e.g. pumps, agitators, cutters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/001—Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders
- A01C23/003—Distributing devices, e.g. for rotating, throwing
- A01C23/005—Nozzles, valves, splash plates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/008—Tanks, chassis or related parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D1/00—Dropping, ejecting, releasing, or receiving articles, liquids, or the like, in flight
- B64D1/16—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting
- B64D1/18—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting by spraying, e.g. insecticides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilization equipment, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly fertilization equipment with an adjustable spraying range for agriculture. The apparatus comprises: a load-bearing frame for mounting on a flying apparatus; the fertilizer box is arranged on the bearing frame; the flow dividing centrifugal disc is arranged on the bearing frame and is communicated with the fertilizer box; a flow control valve for controlling flow; the power device is used for controlling the diversion centrifugal disc to rotate; the spraying devices are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the diversion centrifugal disc and can be unfolded under the centrifugal action; the identification instrument is used for identifying an area needing to increase the fertilizing amount; and the controller is used for controlling the flow control valve, the power device, the identifier and the switch panel to work. The device can adjust the spraying range and the spraying amount of the fertilizing equipment in the flying process, increases the fertilizing amount in local areas, does not need to frequently alternate the hovering and flying states of the flying equipment, saves the power and energy consumption of the flying equipment, and is beneficial to environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilization equipment, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly fertilization equipment with an adjustable spraying range for agriculture.
Background
The fertilization is an important means of agricultural activities, and different functions such as flower retention, fruit retention, water retention, insect killing, weeding and the like can be achieved according to different fertilizer components. According to different forms of the fertilizer, the fertilizer can be divided into solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer. The fertilization equipment can be divided into ground fertilization equipment and air fertilization equipment according to different fertilization places. The aerial fertilization equipment is used for carrying the fertilization device by utilizing aerial flight equipment such as an unmanned aerial vehicle or a helicopter for fertilization, is wide in application range and large in area, and is particularly suitable for areas with uneven ground.
The fertilizer injection unit that is applicable to air flight equipment and carries on is numerous as a result, respectively has the advantage, for example chinese patent CN207720701U discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle that can improve and spray the homogeneity for solve current unmanned aerial vehicle because the wind pressure that the rotor produced can influence the problem of spraying the homogeneity in the use. The unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle body comprises a rotor and a box body, the upper end of the box body is connected with the rotor through a rotor head, a medicine box and a pump body are arranged in the box body, one end of the pump body is communicated with the medicine box, the other end of the pump body is connected with a plurality of atomizing nozzles uniformly distributed at the lower end of the box body, guide plates are respectively hinged to four surfaces of the box body, the lower end of each guide plate is connected with a universal wheel, each guide plate comprises a first wind shield and a second wind shield, the second wind shield is connected to the lower end of the first wind shield, and the first wind shield and; the box body is provided with a rotating device for driving the first wind shield to rotate. Chinese patent CN112173121A discloses a can conveniently fold when the extension sprays the area and accomodate, can not interfere unmanned aerial vehicle's normal flight and descending, and can avoid the spraying to irritate the organism backward on, guarantee that the spraying sprays the sprinkler of orientation, rotate the cover and arrange the bottom of rotating the connecting seat in, rotate the motor and arrange in on rotating the connecting seat, the motor shaft and the rotation cover of rotating the motor are connected, and the connector is arranged in and is rotated the cover, and on the connector was arranged in to the feed liquor pipe, and be linked together with the inside of connector, the bottom of connector is arranged in to the stiff end cover, and the stiff end of arranging of angles such as a plurality of umbrella bone poles in sheathes in, it is a plurality of the umbrella bone pole is connected through the umbrella membrane, the fixed end cover embeds there is the connecting pipe, the one end of connecting pipe and the inside of connector are linked.
In the actual agricultural application process, not only the condition of uneven fertilizer spraying is met, but also in some areas with uneven soil fertility distribution or uneven crop growth, the situations that the normal fertilizing amount is needed in some areas and the fertilizer application amount is needed to be increased in some areas can occur. This requires that the fertilizing apparatus be able to increase the amount of fertilizer applied as required. The fertilizing equipment in the prior art increases the fertilizing amount mostly by increasing the flow rate or increasing the spraying frequency or increasing the spraying time. However, for the air fertilization mode, the distance between the fertilization device and the ground is larger than that of the ground sprinkling irrigation device, the spraying range of the fertilizer sprayed by the spray head of the air equipment is limited, and the frequent alternate suspension and flying state is needed under the condition that the area of the fertilizer application amount needing to be increased is larger than the spraying range, so that the flying equipment is not convenient to control, the power consumption of the flying equipment can be increased, and the environmental protection is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer applying device with an adjustable spraying range, which can adjust the spraying range and the spraying amount of the fertilizer applying device in the flying process so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the fertilizer applying amount in local areas, does not need to frequently alternate the hovering and flying states of the flying device, saves the power and energy consumption of the flying device and is beneficial to environmental protection.
The invention aims to provide an agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer applying device with adjustable spraying range, which comprises:
a load-bearing frame for mounting on a flying apparatus;
the fertilizer box is arranged on the bearing frame, a feed port and a discharge port are formed in the fertilizer box, and a sealing cover is further arranged at the feed port;
the flow dividing centrifugal disc is arranged on the bearing frame and is communicated with a discharge hole of the fertilizer box;
the flow control valve is arranged at the top of the shunting centrifugal disc and used for controlling the flow;
the power device is arranged on the shunting centrifugal disc and is used for controlling the shunting centrifugal disc to rotate;
the spraying devices are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the centrifugal distribution disc and can be unfolded under the centrifugal action when the centrifugal distribution disc rotates;
the identification instrument is used for identifying a land area needing to increase the fertilizing amount;
and the controller is arranged on the bearing frame and is respectively connected with the flow control valve, the power device, the identifier and the switch panel.
Preferably, the adjustable environment-friendly fertilizer injection unit of scope that sprays of above-mentioned agricultural usefulness still includes top crossbearer, middle part crossbearer and bottom crossbearer, and three from the top down sets gradually on the bearing frame, the fertilizer box is installed the top crossbearer with between the middle part crossbearer, the reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal plate is installed between middle part crossbearer and bottom crossbearer, just reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal plate top is passed the middle part crossbearer and with the discharge gate intercommunication of fertilizer box.
Preferably, in the environment-friendly fertilizer application equipment with the adjustable spraying range for agriculture, a through ring is arranged in the bottom cross frame, the through ring is a hollow area, and the plurality of spraying devices can still rotate in the inner area after being unfolded.
Preferably, the adjustable environment-friendly fertilizer injection equipment of scope that sprays of above-mentioned agricultural usefulness, the longitudinal section of reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk is type shape, centers on the bottom discharge gate of can for manuring is provided with annular slide rail, the top sliding connection of reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk is in on the annular slide rail, and the junction of the two has scribbled the sealer.
Preferably, the environment-friendly fertilizer application equipment with adjustable spraying range for agriculture is characterized in that a mounting strip is arranged at an opening at the top of the diversion centrifugal disc, an output shaft of the power device is mounted on the mounting strip, and a fixing seat of the power device is mounted on the middle cross frame.
Preferably, the adjustable environment-friendly fertilizer injection unit of scope that sprays of above-mentioned agricultural usefulness, sprinkler includes water pipe and shower nozzle, a plurality of liquid holes, every have been seted up to reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal pan bottom all communicate the one end that is provided with a water pipe on the liquid hole, install the other end of water pipe the shower nozzle.
Preferably, the environment-friendly fertilizer application equipment with adjustable spraying range for agriculture further comprises a rigid support bar, wherein the rigid support bar is axially laid along the water pipe body, and the top end of the rigid support bar is movably connected with the bottom of the shunting centrifugal disc.
Preferably, the agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application equipment with adjustable spraying range further comprises a switch device capable of adaptively adjusting the flow rate, and the switch device comprises:
the rigid support strip is of a tubular structure, and the sealing piece is arranged in the rigid support strip;
the elastic piece is arranged in the rigid supporting strip and connected between the sealing piece and the inner bottom wall of the rigid supporting strip, and the sealing piece can compress the elastic piece under the action of centrifugal force;
and the through pipe is arranged between the water pipe and the rigid support bar and is communicated with the water pipe and the rigid support bar, the through pipe is arranged at the downstream of the flow control valve, and the top of the rigid support bar is communicated with the water pipe at the upstream of the flow control valve.
Preferably, the agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application equipment with adjustable spraying range is characterized in that the elastic part is a spring, elastic cotton or an elastic air bag.
Preferably, the sealing piece is a solid block.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention carries the flight of the fertilizer applying device through the flight equipment, sends the work instruction of applying fertilizer to the controller through the operation switch panel, the controller controls the flow control valve to open, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box flows through the shunting centrifugal disc and the spraying device and is finally sprayed out through the spray head, and the function of applying fertilizer while flying is realized. Be provided with different flow level shift knob on the flush mounting plate of switch, come control flow control valve flow through pressing corresponding flow level button, and then controlled the rate of fertilizer application. In order to increase the fertilization range, the number of the spraying devices arranged on each shunting centrifugal disc is at least two, and in order to prevent a fertilization blind area of a central area after the spraying devices are unfolded, the spray holes of the spray heads are distributed in a circumferential radial manner. Under the structure of the device, the spraying range and the spraying amount of the fertilizer application equipment can be adjusted in the flying process of the flying equipment, so that the aim of increasing the fertilizer application amount in local areas is fulfilled, the hovering and flying states of the flying equipment do not need to be frequently alternated, the power consumption of the flying equipment is saved, and the environment protection is facilitated.
2. According to the invention, the GPS positioner or the NDVI tester is arranged on the shunting centrifugal disc and is used for identifying the land area needing to increase the fertilizing amount, the NDVI tester does not need to judge the area needing to increase the fertilizing amount according to an empirical value, automatic identification is realized, the measuring result is closer to authenticity, the accuracy is higher, and the phenomena of fertilizer mis-spraying and fertilizer resource waste are avoided.
3. The invention also provides a switching device for self-adaptive flow regulation, which comprises an elastic part, a sealing part and a through pipe, wherein after the spraying device is controlled by the power device to be unfolded, under the action of centrifugal force, the pressure of the sealing part on the elastic part is increased, so that the elastic part is compressed, the sealing part is separated from the through pipe, the through pipe is opened, the rigid support bar and the water pipe are communicated, the fertilizer amount sprayed from a spray head on the water pipe is increased, the automatic liquid feeding function is realized, the control of the controller is not needed, the controller only needs to control the rotation of the power device, the work load of the controller is reduced, the dead halt probability of the controller is reduced, and the service life of the controller is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an agricultural environment-friendly fertilization device with an adjustable spraying range, which is carried on a flight device in embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a centrifugal divider disk and a spraying device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the relationship between the spray device of example 1 and the bottom cross member after being unfolded;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a showerhead according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a centrifugal separator according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a first schematic diagram of the operation of the switching device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a second schematic diagram of the operation of the switching device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention to be implemented, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
An agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application device with adjustable spraying range is shown in figures 1-5 and comprises a bearing frame 1, wherein the bearing frame 1 is in a cubic shape, a cylindrical shape or an irregular shape, the bearing frame 1 is used for being mounted and carried on a flight device 10, and the flight device 10 can adopt load flight devices such as a helicopter or an unmanned aerial vehicle. The bearing frame 1 is fixedly or detachably provided with a fertilizer box 2, and the fertilizer box 2 is internally used for placing fertilizer to be sprayed, preferably, the fertilizer is in a liquid state. The bottom of the fertilizer box 2 is communicated with a shunting centrifugal disc 3, so that a top transverse frame 11, a middle transverse frame 12 and a bottom transverse frame 13 are sequentially arranged on the bearing frame 1 from top to bottom in order to facilitate the installation of the fertilizer box 2, the fertilizer box 2 is fixed in a welding mode or detachably installed between the top transverse frame 11 and the middle transverse frame 12 through bolts, and a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are formed in the fertilizer box 2; preferably, the feeding hole is formed in the top of the fertilizer box 2, and the discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the fertilizer box 2; the feed inlet is also provided with a sealing cover. The flow dividing centrifugal disc 3 is arranged between the middle cross frame 12 and the bottom cross frame 13, the flow dividing centrifugal disc 3 is of a hollow structure and is made of hard materials such as metal or alloy, the top of the flow dividing centrifugal disc 3 penetrates through the middle cross frame 12 and is communicated with a discharge hole of the fertilizer box 2, a flow control valve 31 is arranged at the top of the flow dividing centrifugal disc 3, the flow control valve 31 is used for controlling flow, a power device 32 capable of controlling the flow dividing centrifugal disc 3 to rotate is arranged on the flow dividing centrifugal disc 3, and the power device 32 is a rotating motor or an angular displacement motor; preferably, the fixed seat of the power device 32 is installed on the middle cross frame 12, and the output shaft of the power device 32 is installed on the shunting centrifugal disk 3; the bottom of the centrifugal plate 3 is provided with a plurality of spraying devices in a rotating manner, and when the centrifugal plate 3 rotates, the spraying devices can be unfolded under the centrifugal action to increase the spraying range.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, a through ring 131 is formed in the bottom cross frame 13, the through ring 131 is a hollow area, the spraying device can still rotate inside the spraying device after being unfolded, and the unfolding of the spraying device is inclined, so that the motion track of the unfolded spraying device is in a circular table shape, and in order not to affect the unfolding of the spraying device, the diameter of the area of the unfolded spraying device, which is in the same plane as the through ring 131, needs to be smaller than the diameter of the through ring 131.
In this embodiment, sprinkler includes water pipe 4 and shower nozzle, and a plurality of play liquid holes have been seted up to reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk 3 bottom, all communicates the one end that is provided with a water pipe 4 on every play liquid hole, and the shower nozzle is installed to the other end of water pipe 4. The diameter of the area of the plurality of water tubes 4 that is flush with the through ring 131 after being unfolded needs to be smaller than the diameter of the through ring 131. In order to increase the unfolding stability of the spraying device, the water pipe 4 is a rigid pipe, and the rigid pipe is connected with the shunting centrifugal disc 3 through a corrugated pipe; or a rigid supporting bar 41 is laid along the axial direction of the pipe body of the water pipe 4, the rigid supporting bar 41 can adopt a tubular structure or a strip structure, the top end of the rigid supporting bar 41 is connected with the bottom of the shunting centrifugal disc 3 through a cardan shaft or other rotating devices, and the water pipe 4 is fixed on the rigid supporting bar 41 through a clamp. The greater the power of the power means 32, the higher the rotational speed of the spraying means, the greater the spread of the spraying means.
The agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application equipment with the adjustable spraying range further comprises a controller, a switch panel and an identifier for identifying a land area needing to be increased in fertilizer application amount, wherein the controller is installed on the bearing frame 1, the controller adopts an STM32F series controller in the prior art, the size is small, the price is low, the controller can adopt other models, and the identifier adopts a GPS (global positioning system) positioner; if the adopted flight equipment 10 is a helicopter, the switch panel is in wired connection with the controller, and if the adopted flight equipment 10 is an unmanned aerial vehicle, the switch panel is in wireless connection with the controller. In this embodiment, the PA1 pin of the controller is connected to the identifier, the PA2 pin is connected to the power unit 32, the PA3 pin is connected to the flow control valve 31, and the VSS pin is connected to the power supply.
For areas where crops are planted for a long time, the areas are poor in fertility and easy to lose fertility, the areas are good in fertility and not easy to lose fertility, and the law is obvious, so that the longitude and latitude of the areas with poor fertility are marked in advance, the position information of the areas is written in the controller, and the areas are identified through the identification instrument carried on the flight equipment 10 in the flight process.
The working principle of the fertilizing equipment of the embodiment is as follows: flight equipment 10 carries on fertilizer injection unit's flight, send the work order of fertiliziing to the controller through operating switch panel, then controller control flow control valve 31 opens, fertilizer in the fertilizer case 2 flows through reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk 3 and sprinkler, and finally spout through the shower nozzle, then realized the function of fertilizeing while flying, be provided with different flow level shift knob on the flush mounting plate of switch, come control flow control valve 31 flow through pressing corresponding flow level shift knob, and then controlled the rate of fertilizer application. In order to increase the fertilizing range, the number of the spraying devices arranged on each diversion centrifugal disc 3 is at least two, such as 2-4. The GPS positioner detects the flight position, and is arranged on the shunting centrifugal disc 3 for more accurately detecting the fertilization position; when the position information detected by the GPS positioner is a pre-calibrated area needing to increase fertility, the controller controls the power device 32 to work, the power device 32 controls the shunting centrifugal disc 3 to rotate, the spraying device is unfolded under the centrifugal action to increase the spraying area, and meanwhile, the flow level of the flow control valve 31 is controlled to be automatically increased by one step to increase the flow so as to supplement the increase of the fertilizer consumption caused by the increase of the spraying area. In order to prevent the central area from being dead zone after the spraying device is unfolded, the spraying holes 42 of the spraying head are distributed in a circumferential radial shape, see fig. 4, that is, the larger the flow rate is, the larger the spraying area is, the smaller the flow rate is, the smaller the spraying speed is, and the smaller the spraying area is. In the normal fertilization process, the flight trajectory of the flight device 10 flies back and forth in an S shape, the normal spraying amount area is basically in rectangular distribution, when the area needing to increase the fertility is reached, after the power device 32 is started, the spraying range of the area is changed into an approximately circular shape, in the flight trajectory of the flight device 10, in the S-shaped back and forth flight process, the approximately circular area has overlapped parts, the overlapped parts are areas increasing the spraying amount, and the working principle refers to fig. 5. Therefore, under the structure of the device, the spraying range and the spraying amount of the fertilizing equipment can be adjusted in the flying process of the flying equipment 10, so that the aim of increasing the fertilizing amount in local areas is fulfilled, the hovering and flying states of the flying equipment do not need to be frequently alternated, the power consumption of the flying equipment is saved, and the environment protection is facilitated.
Example 2
The utility model provides an adjustable environment-friendly fertilization equipment of scope that sprays of agricultural usefulness, the structure with embodiment 1 is the same basically, the difference lies in, in this embodiment, in order to embody power device 32 and the linking continuity of reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk 3, set up reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk 3 into the structure that the longitudinal section is type of calligraphy, the top edge of reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk 3 acts as the effect of annular draw runner, be provided with annular slide rail around the bottom discharge gate of can of manuring 2, the top sliding connection of reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk 3 is on annular slide rail, and the junction of reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk 3 and can of manuring 2 is scribbled with sealing oil, prevent the weeping, refer to fig. 6, reposition of redundant personnel centrifugal disk 3 top opening part is equipped with mounting bar 33, power device 32's output shaft. The liquid left from the bottom of the fertilizer box 2 directly enters the centrifugal divider disk 3.
In this embodiment, the identifier is an NDVI tester, NDVI is also called normalized vegetation index, and its calculation formula is NDVI ═ (NIR-R)/(NIR + R), NIR is the reflection value of the near-infrared band, and R is the reflection value of the red band; the NDVI can reflect the growth state of vegetation and the vegetation coverage. Generally, the vegetation growth state of the area with poor fertility is poor, the vegetation coverage is less than other areas with sufficient fertility, the NDVI tester feeds back the data of its test to the controller, the controller identifies and calculates, when it finds that a plurality of continuous test values are all less than the preset NDVI average value that can reflect the vegetation universal growth degree, for example, the test values tested in continuous 5s are all less than the preset NDVI average value, the controller judges that this area is the area that needs to increase the fertilization rate, the controller controls the flow control valve 31 and the power device 32 to work according to the mode of embodiment 1, and then controls the spraying rate and the spraying range to change. In this embodiment, utilize the NDVI tester to replace the function of GPS locator, need not judge the region that needs increase the rate of fertilizer application according to empirical value, realized automatic identification, the measuring result is closer to the authenticity, and the degree of accuracy is higher, avoids fertilizer mistake to spout and fertilizer wasting of resources phenomenon. Flow increasing gears of different levels can be preset in the controller, the controller determines the flow increasing gear according to a comparison result of an NDVI actual measurement average value and a preset average value, for example, when the average value in continuous 5s of NDVI actual measurement is 1 time smaller than the preset NDVI average value capable of reflecting the vegetation universal growth degree, the flow increasing gear is 1 gear, the flow of the flow control valve 31 of the gear fertilizer is 1 time higher than the common flow, when the average value in continuous 5s of NDVI actual measurement is 2 times smaller than the preset NDVI average value capable of reflecting the vegetation universal growth degree, the flow increasing gear is 2 gears, the flow of the flow control valve 31 of the gear fertilizer is 2 times higher than the common flow, and therefore, the fertilizer application amount is adjusted more intelligently, and the optimal utilization of fertilizer resources is realized.
Example 3
The utility model provides an environment-friendly fertilizer injection unit that spraying range is adjustable for agricultural, the structure with embodiment 1 is the same basically, the difference lies in, this embodiment has still set up a self-adaptation regulating flow's switching device, switching device includes elastic component 51, sealing 5 and link up pipe 52, elastic component 51 adopts spring, elasticity cotton, elasticity gasbag or other scalable elasticity structure, sealing 5 is the counter weight effect, adopts spherical or cubic solid piece, sealing 5 can compress elastic component 51 under the centrifugal force effect. The rigid support bar 41 is of a tubular structure, a through pipe 52 is arranged between the water pipe 4 and the rigid support bar 41, one end of the through pipe 52 is communicated with the water pipe 4, the other end of the through pipe 52 is communicated with the rigid support bar 41, the through pipe 52 is arranged at the downstream of the flow control valve 31, namely, fertilizer firstly flows through the flow control valve 31 and then flows through the through pipe 52, the top of the rigid support bar 41 is communicated with the water pipe 4 at the upstream of the flow control valve 31 through a hose, namely, the fertilizer can cross the flow control valve 31 and enter the rigid support bar 41. The elastic member 51 and the sealing member 5 are both arranged in the rigid supporting strip 41, the bottom of the elastic member 51 is connected with the top of the sealing member 5, and the bottom of the sealing member 5 is connected with the inner bottom wall of the rigid supporting strip 41. When the spraying device is not unfolded, the elastic member 51 is in a natural state, the sealing member 5 and the elastic member 51 are in a force balance state, the sealing member 5 is in contact with the inner wall of the rigid supporting bar 41, and the through pipe 52 is sealed, so that liquid in the rigid supporting bar 41 cannot enter the water pipe 4, as shown in fig. 7; after the power device 32 controls the spraying device to be unfolded, under the action of centrifugal force, the pressure of the sealing piece 5 on the elastic piece 51 is increased, the elastic piece 51 is compressed, the sealing piece 5 is separated from the through pipe 52, see fig. 8, the through pipe 52 is opened, the rigid supporting bar 41 and the water pipe 4 are communicated, the fertilizer amount sprayed out of the spray head on the water pipe 4 is increased, the automatic liquid adding function is realized, the control of the controller is not needed, the controller only needs to control the power device to rotate, the work load of the controller is reduced, the dead halt probability of the controller is reduced, and the service life of the controller is prolonged. In addition, the higher the power of the power device 32, the higher the rotation speed of the spraying device, the higher the pressure of the sealing member 5 on the elastic member 51.
It should be noted that, the connection relation of the components not specifically mentioned in the present invention is the default of the prior art, and the connection relation of the structures is not described in detail since it does not relate to the invention point and is a common application of the prior art.
It should be noted that, when the present invention relates to a numerical range, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected, and since the steps and methods adopted are the same as those in the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an agricultural is used sprays adjustable environment-friendly fertilization equipment of scope which characterized in that includes:
a load-bearing frame (1) for mounting on a flying apparatus (10);
the fertilizer box (2) is arranged on the bearing frame (1), a feed port and a discharge port are formed in the fertilizer box (2), and a sealing cover is further arranged at the feed port;
the flow dividing centrifugal disc (3) is arranged on the bearing frame (1) and is communicated with a discharge hole of the fertilizer box (2);
the flow control valve (31) is arranged at the top of the shunting centrifugal disc (3) and is used for controlling the flow;
the power device (32) is arranged on the shunting centrifugal disc (3) and is used for controlling the shunting centrifugal disc (3) to rotate;
the spraying devices are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the distribution centrifugal disc (3), and can be unfolded under the centrifugal action when the distribution centrifugal disc (3) rotates;
the identification instrument is used for identifying a land area needing to increase the fertilizing amount;
and the controller is arranged on the bearing frame (1), and is respectively connected with the flow control valve (31), the power device (32), the identifier and the switch panel.
2. The agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application device with adjustable spraying range according to claim 1, further comprising a top cross frame (11), a middle cross frame (12) and a bottom cross frame (13), wherein the top cross frame (11), the middle cross frame (12) and the bottom cross frame (13) are sequentially arranged on the bearing frame (1) from top to bottom, the fertilizer box (2) is arranged between the top cross frame (11) and the middle cross frame (12), the shunting centrifugal disc (3) is arranged between the middle cross frame (12) and the bottom cross frame (13), and the top of the shunting centrifugal disc (3) penetrates through the middle cross frame (12) and is communicated with a discharge hole of the fertilizer box (2).
3. The agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer spreading equipment with adjustable spraying range according to claim 2, wherein the bottom cross frame (13) is internally provided with a through ring (131), the through ring (131) is a hollow area, and a plurality of spraying devices can still rotate in the inner area after being unfolded.
4. The agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application device with adjustable spraying range according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal section of the centrifugal shunting plate (3) is in a convex shape, an annular slide rail is arranged around the bottom discharge hole of the fertilizer box (2), the top of the centrifugal shunting plate (3) is connected to the annular slide rail in a sliding manner, and a sealing material is coated at the joint of the two.
5. The agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application device with adjustable spraying range according to claim 4, wherein a mounting bar (33) is arranged at the opening at the top of the diversion centrifugal disc (3), an output shaft of the power device (32) is mounted on the mounting bar (33), and a fixed seat of the power device (32) is mounted on the middle cross frame (12).
6. The agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer application device with the adjustable spraying range according to claim 1, wherein the spraying device comprises a water pipe (4) and a spray head, a plurality of liquid outlet holes are formed in the bottom of the diversion centrifugal disc (3), one end of the water pipe (4) is communicated with each liquid outlet hole, and the spray head is mounted at the other end of the water pipe (4).
7. The agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer spreading device with adjustable spraying range according to claim 6, further comprising rigid support bars (41) axially laid along the body of the water pipe (4), wherein the top ends of the rigid support bars (41) are movably connected with the bottoms of the shunting centrifugal discs (3).
8. The agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer spreading device with adjustable spraying range according to claim 7, further comprising a switch device capable of adjusting the flow rate adaptively, wherein the switch device comprises:
the sealing piece (5), the rigid supporting strip (41) adopts a tubular structure, and the sealing piece (5) is arranged in the rigid supporting strip (41);
the elastic element (51) is connected between the sealing element (5) and the inner bottom wall of the rigid supporting strip (41), and the elastic element (51) can be compressed by the sealing element (5) under the action of centrifugal force;
a through pipe (52) installed between and communicating the water pipe (4) and the rigid support bar (41), the through pipe (52) being disposed downstream of the flow control valve (31), the top of the rigid support bar (41) being communicated with the water pipe (4) upstream of the flow control valve (31).
9. The agricultural environment-friendly fertilizer spreading device with adjustable spraying range according to claim 8, wherein the elastic member (51) is spring, elastic cotton or elastic air bag.
10. The agricultural, adjustable spray range, environmentally friendly fertilizing apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that said closure (5) is a solid block.
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