CN113044977A - Two-stage microorganism treatment method for antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater - Google Patents
Two-stage microorganism treatment method for antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage microbial treatment method of antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: anaerobic sludge is filled in the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the pig raising wastewater containing the antibiotics is settled in a settling pond and then is introduced into the anaerobic fermentation tank; the second step is that: domesticating anaerobic sludge in an anaerobic fermentation tank; the third step: after the acclimatization stage is finished, entering a stable anaerobic fermentation stage to remove nitrogen, phosphorus, COD and antibiotic pollutants in the wastewater; biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process can be combusted for heat supply or purified and connected to the power grid; CO-containing gas obtained by purifying and burning biogas2The gas can be used as a carbon source for microalgae growth; the fourth step: after the stable anaerobic fermentation is finished, discharging the fermentation biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation tank to a buffer tank, and introducing the fermentation biogas slurry into a microalgae photobioreactor for microalgae culture treatment(ii) a The fifth step: collecting microalgae after the microalgae culture treatment is finished, and discharging the treated wastewater; the invention can be widely applied to the fields of cultivation, environmental protection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to pig raising wastewater treatment, in particular to a two-stage microbial treatment method for antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater.
Background
As one of the largest agricultural countries, the livestock and poultry breeding scale in China is continuously improved, and a large amount of livestock and poultry manure is generated at the same time. According to the annual book of Chinese statistics, the annual output of breeding pigs in 2011-2018 years in China reaches 6-7 hundred million, although the breeding scale of the pigs in China is slightly reduced in recent years, the breeding scale is still huge, the marketing amount of the pigs in 2019 years in China reaches more than 5 hundred million according to statistics, and meanwhile, the discharge amount of excrement is about 38 hundred million tons, and the excrement causes pollution to air, water and soil if not properly treated and randomly discharged.
The annual antibiotic yield of China is about 21 ten thousand tons, 9.7 ten thousand tons of antibiotics are used for livestock breeding, and about 60-90% of antibiotics are discharged in the form of the antibiotics or primary metabolites, so that the livestock and poultry manure contains a large amount of antibiotics. The livestock and poultry manure is not effectively treated, and antibiotics in the livestock and poultry manure remain in soil and water and enter the immune system of human body through a biological chain, so that the safety of human beings is threatened, and therefore, the treatment and discharge of the wastewater containing the antibiotics are required to be strictly controlled.
The antibiotics for animals are mainly divided into five types of antibiotics, namely tetracyclines, macrolides, sulfonamides, quinolones and beta-lactams. The tetracycline antibiotic content in the antibiotics detected in pig manure reaches 99%. The most used tetracycline antibiotics are oxytetracycline, and the detection concentration of the oxytetracycline is as high as 1234.8 mg/kg. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a way for removing antibiotics with high efficiency by targeting oxytetracycline.
The anaerobic fermentation is that the composite flora converts macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular methane and carbon dioxide through metabolism under the anaerobic condition. Antibiotics are complex macromolecular organic matters, so anaerobic fermentation has the potential of effectively degrading the antibiotics. At present, anaerobic technology in China is mature, biogas engineering is vigorously developed in various areas in recent years, the anaerobic technology becomes one of the effective methods for treating livestock and poultry wastewater at present, and an upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor (UASB), a stirring anaerobic reactor (CSTR), an expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSB) and the like are applied more; medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation and high-temperature anaerobic fermentation can be divided according to the reaction temperature; according to the solid content of the waste, the method can be divided into dry anaerobic fermentation and wet anaerobic fermentation.
The microalgae is a unicellular photoautotrophic organism, and has high photosynthesis efficiency, strong environmental adaptability and high growth speed. The biogas slurry obtained after anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure is rich in a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like and can be used as nutrient substances for growth of microalgae, so that the biogas slurry is used as a nutrient source to culture the microalgae, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in wastewater are removed, and microalgae biomass byproducts can be obtained. At present, a plurality of research experiments show that the influence of low-concentration antibiotics on the photosynthesis and growth of microalgae is weak, and the microalgae can effectively remove the antibiotic pollutants in wastewater. The main mechanisms of removing antibiotics from microalgae are biological surface adsorption, biodegradation, biological accumulation and photodegradation. Microalgae can be used as an effective adsorbent for removing antibiotics, and mainly depends on functional groups and polymers on the surfaces of microalgae cells. Biological accumulation means that antibiotics can pass through microalgae cell membranes and then be absorbed by the microalgae cells. Biodegradation describes the process of degrading antibiotics by microalgae inside and outside cells, and the antibiotics are adsorbed to the surfaces of microalgae cells, slowly move to cell walls and are degraded by enzymes. Under the condition of no microalgae and direct illumination, certain antibiotics can be removed by direct photodegradation, and the removal of the antibiotics can be enhanced by indirect photodegradation of the microalgae.
Therefore, the combination of the anaerobic fermentation technology and the microalgae purification technology can effectively treat the antibiotics in the pig raising wastewater, greatly reduce the content of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and the like in the wastewater, and obtain microalgae biomass products with utilization value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-stage microbial treatment method for antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a two-stage microorganism treatment method for antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: anaerobic sludge is filled in the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the pig raising wastewater containing the antibiotics is settled in a settling pond and then is introduced into the anaerobic fermentation tank;
the second step is that: domesticating anaerobic sludge in an anaerobic fermentation tank, and adjusting by adopting a fermentation effluent backflow method or a dilution method when the COD (chemical oxygen demand) or the suspended matter content of the wastewater is too high in the domesticating process to ensure that the COD and the suspended matter content of the fermentation wastewater are respectively lower than 4000mg/L and 2000 mg/L;
the third step: after the acclimatization stage is finished, entering a stable anaerobic fermentation stage to remove nitrogen, phosphorus, COD and antibiotic pollutants in the wastewater; biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process can be combusted for heat supply or purified and connected to the power grid; CO-containing gas obtained by purifying and burning biogas2The gas can be used as a carbon source for microalgae growth;
the fourth step: after the stable anaerobic fermentation is finished, discharging the fermentation biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation tank to a buffer tank, introducing the fermentation biogas slurry into a microalgae photobioreactor for microalgae culture treatment, selecting microalgae species domesticated in the early stage, diluting the wastewater concentration according to the proportion of 10-20%, 40-50% and 70-80%, sequentially performing domestication culture on the microalgae, and introducing CO in the microalgae culture treatment process2The gas supplements a carbon source for the growth of the microalgae;
the fifth step: and (4) collecting microalgae after the microalgae culture treatment is finished, and discharging the treated wastewater.
The invention utilizes two-stage biological treatment method of anaerobic fermentation and microalgae purification to effectively remove the pollutants such as antibiotics, nitrogen, phosphorus, COD and the like in the wastewater. Meanwhile, the microalgae biomass product is obtained, and the method has the advantages of low treatment cost and good resource utilization prospect. The anaerobic fermentation is that the composite flora converts macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular methane and carbon dioxide through metabolism under the anaerobic condition. Antibiotics are complex macromolecular organic matters, so anaerobic fermentation has the potential of effectively degrading the antibiotics. The main mechanisms of removing antibiotics by microalgae are biological surface adsorption, biological accumulation, biodegradation and photodegradation. Microalgae can be used as an effective adsorbent for removing antibiotics, and mainly depends on functional groups and polymers on the surfaces of microalgae cells. Biological accumulation means that antibiotics can pass through microalgae cell membranes and then be absorbed by the microalgae cells. Biodegradation describes the process of degrading antibiotics by microalgae inside and outside cells, and the antibiotics are adsorbed to the surfaces of microalgae cells, slowly move to cell walls and are degraded by enzymes. Under the condition of no microalgae and direct illumination, certain antibiotics can be removed by direct photodegradation, and the removal of the antibiotics can be enhanced by indirect photodegradation of the microalgae.
According to the preferable scheme of the two-stage microbial treatment method of the antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater, the anaerobic fermentation tank adopts an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor or a stirring anaerobic reactor, and the up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor comprises a reactor main body, a water inlet, a sampling port, a heat insulation layer, a water outlet, an air outlet, a pressure discharge port, a sludge discharge port, a three-phase separator and a sealing cover; the water inlet is an antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater inlet, and the antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater enters the reactor main body through the water inlet; the heat-insulating layer is arranged outside the reactor main body and is used for ensuring the temperature inside the reactor main body to be within a certain temperature range, so that the fermentation process can be stably and effectively operated; the pressure discharge port is arranged at the top of the reactor main body and is used for avoiding the problems that the waste water enters the gas outlet and the like due to overlarge gas pressure in the reactor; the sludge discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body and is an anaerobic sludge discharge port; the three-phase separator is arranged at the upper part of the reactor main body and is used for separating the fermented biogas slurry from biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process, the biogas is discharged through the gas outlet, and the fermented biogas slurry is discharged through the water outlet.
According to the preferable scheme of the two-stage microorganism treatment method of the antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater, the anaerobic fermentation tank adopts a stirring type anaerobic reactor; the stirring type anaerobic reactor comprises a reactor main body II, a water inlet II, a gas outlet II, a stirrer II, a water outlet II and a heat insulation layer II; the second water inlet is a pig raising wastewater inlet containing antibiotics, and the pig raising wastewater containing antibiotics enters the second reactor main body through the second water inlet; the second heat-insulating layer is arranged outside the second reactor main body and used for ensuring that the inside of the second reactor main body is in a certain temperature range, so that the fermentation process can stably and effectively run; the second gas outlet is a methane outlet produced in the anaerobic fermentation process, and the second water outlet is a fermentation methane liquid outlet; and the second stirrer is arranged in the second reactor main body and is used for stirring the reactant in the second reactor main body so as to fully mix the wastewater and the sludge.
According to the preferable scheme of the two-stage microbial treatment method of the antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater, the microalgae photobioreactor is a raceway pond photobioreactor, the raceway pond photobioreactor comprises a raceway pond main body, the raceway pond main body is an annular raceway pond, a baffle is arranged in the raceway pond main body, and the baffle divides the raceway pond main body into a left circulation runway and a right circulation runway; the wall surface of the runway pool main body is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet; a first slurry wheel is arranged in the main body of the runway pool, and the first slurry wheel is driven by a motor to provide power for the flow of fluid in the runway pool; the first aerator is arranged at the bottom of the runway pool main body, the first air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the first aerator, the temperature control unit is paved at the bottom of the runway pool main body and consists of a return pipeline, a water pump controls the flow of heat exchange water in the return pipeline, and the heat exchange water and liquid in the runway pool form a counter-flow heat exchange mode; the top of the runway pool main body is provided with a light supplementing unit, and the light supplementing unit is made of transparent materials, so that sunlight irradiates into the runway pool main body.
According to the preferable scheme of the two-stage microbial treatment method for the antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater, the microalgae photobioreactor is a flat plate photobioreactor.
According to the preferable scheme of the two-stage microbial treatment method for the antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater, the size of the light supplementing unit is consistent with that of the main body of the raceway pond, the side wall is a detachable wall surface, when the ambient temperature is lower than a set value, the side wall surface is closed to reduce heat emission, and when the humidity in the raceway pond reactor is too high and the upper wall surface is condensed to influence illumination, the side wall surface is opened to perform timely ventilation treatment; install LED light filling lamp and light intensity sensor in the light filling unit, light filling unit top is provided with the sunshade screen, the sunshade screen is used for adjusting the light inlet quantity of sunlight, and the LED light filling lamp carries out the light filling when illumination intensity is weak.
According to the preferable scheme of the two-stage microbial treatment method for the antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater, a flow velocity sensor is further arranged in the raceway pond main body, and the flow velocity sensor outputs signals to control the motor to work.
The two-stage microorganism treatment method of the antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with other methods, the multi-stage microbial treatment method adopted by the invention has the advantages that the two-stage treatment of the anaerobic fermentation technology and the microalgae purification technology can degrade antibiotics and greatly reduce pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, COD and the like in wastewater.
2. The technology adopted by the invention has low cost, and the methane generated in the anaerobic fermentation process can be combusted for heat supply or purified and combined with the power grid. The heat supply by biogas combustion can improve the degradation effect of anaerobic sludge on pollutants in the fermentation process, and CO contained in the biogas obtained by purification and combustion2The gas can be used as a carbon source for microalgae growth.
3. According to the microalgae technology adopted by the invention, 1-3 kg of microalgae dry-base biomass can be obtained from each cubic biogas slurry, and the microalgae biomass can be used as a third-generation biomass energy source and can be used as high-added-value products such as chemical raw materials, biofuels and the like. Meanwhile, the microalgae can effectively fix carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, and the greenhouse effect is relieved.
The invention can be widely applied to the fields of cultivation, environmental protection and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a two-stage microorganism treatment method of antibiotic-containing pig wastewater according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the raceway pond photobioreactor.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples. These examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as equivalent variations and modifications are possible in light of the above teachings and are within the purview of the appended claims.
Referring to fig. 1, a two-stage microbiological treatment method of antibiotic-containing swine wastewater, the method comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: anaerobic sludge is filled in the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the pig raising wastewater containing the antibiotics is settled in a settling pond and then is introduced into the anaerobic fermentation tank;
the second step is that: domesticating anaerobic sludge in an anaerobic fermentation tank, and adjusting by adopting a fermentation effluent backflow method or a dilution method when the COD (chemical oxygen demand) or the suspended matter content of the wastewater is too high in the domesticating process to ensure that the COD and the suspended matter content of the fermentation wastewater are respectively lower than 4000mg/L and 2000 mg/L;
the third step: after the acclimatization stage is finished, entering a stable anaerobic fermentation stage to remove nitrogen, phosphorus, COD and antibiotic pollutants in the wastewater; biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process can be combusted for heat supply or purified and connected to the power grid; CO-containing gas obtained by purifying and burning biogas2The gas can be used as a carbon source for microalgae growth;
the fourth step: after the stable anaerobic fermentation is finished, discharging the fermentation biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation tank to a buffer tank, introducing the fermentation biogas slurry into a microalgae photobioreactor for microalgae culture treatment, selecting microalgae seeds domesticated in an early stage, diluting the microalgae seeds according to the concentration of 10-20%, 40-50% and 70-80%, sequentially performing domestication culture on the microalgae, and introducing CO in the microalgae culture treatment process2The gas supplements a carbon source for the growth of the microalgae;
the fifth step: and (4) collecting microalgae after the microalgae culture treatment is finished, and discharging the treated wastewater.
In a specific embodiment, the anaerobic fermentation tank adopts a UASB up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor or a stirring anaerobic reactor CSTR, and the up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor comprises a reactor main body 2, a water inlet 3, a sampling port 4, a heat insulation layer 5, a water outlet 6, an air outlet 7, a pressure discharge port 8, a sludge discharge port 9, a three-phase separator 10 and a sealing cover 11; the water inlet 3 is an inlet of the pig raising wastewater containing antibiotics, and the pig raising wastewater containing antibiotics enters the reactor main body 2 through the water inlet 3; the heat preservation layer 5 is arranged outside the reactor main body 2 and used for ensuring the temperature inside the reactor main body to be within a certain temperature range, so that the fermentation process can stably and effectively run; the pressure discharge port 8 is arranged at the top of the reactor main body 2 and is used for avoiding the problems that the waste water enters the gas outlet and the like due to overlarge gas pressure in the reactor; the sludge discharge port 9 is arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body 2 and is an anaerobic sludge discharge port; the three-phase separator 10 is arranged at the upper part of the reactor main body 2 and is used for separating the fermented biogas slurry from biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process, the biogas is discharged through the gas outlet 7, and the fermented biogas slurry is discharged through the water outlet 6.
The anaerobic fermentation tank adopts a stirring type anaerobic reactor; the stirring type anaerobic reactor comprises a reactor main body II 22, a water inlet II 23, a gas outlet II 24, a stirrer II 25, a water outlet II 26 and a heat-insulating layer II 27; the second water inlet 23 is a pig raising wastewater inlet containing antibiotics, and the pig raising wastewater containing antibiotics enters the second reactor main body 22 through the second water inlet 23; the second heat-insulating layer 25 is arranged outside the second reactor main body and is used for ensuring that the inside of the second reactor main body is in a certain temperature range, so that the fermentation process can stably and effectively run; the second air outlet 24 is an outlet of biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process, and the second water outlet 26 is an outlet of fermented biogas slurry; the second stirrer 25 is arranged in the second reactor main body 22 and is used for stirring the reactants in the second reactor main body 22.
The microalgae photobioreactor adopts a raceway pond photobioreactor or a flat plate photobioreactor. The raceway pond photobioreactor comprises a raceway pond main body 41, the raceway pond main body 41 is an annular raceway pond, a baffle 47 is arranged in the raceway pond main body 41, and the raceway pond main body 41 is divided into a left circulating runway and a right circulating runway by the baffle 47; the wall surface of the runway pool main body 41 is provided with a first water inlet 42 and a first water outlet 46, and the first water inlet 42 and the first water outlet 46 are separated by a certain distance; a first slurry wheel 45 is arranged in the runway pool main body 41, and the first slurry wheel 45 is driven by a motor to provide power for the fluid flow in the runway pool; the first aerator 16 is arranged at the bottom of the runway pool main body, the air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the first aerator 16, the temperature control unit 17 is also paved at the bottom of the runway pool main body 41, the temperature control unit 17 is composed of a return pipeline, a water pump controls the flow of heat exchange water in the return pipeline, and the heat exchange water and liquid in the runway pool form a countercurrent heat exchange mode; the top of the raceway pond main body 41 is provided with a light supplement unit 18, a light intensity sensor 20 and a white light LED light supplement lamp 14, and the light supplement unit 18 is made of a transparent acrylic material, so that sunlight irradiates the raceway pond main body 41.
In the specific embodiment, the temperature control unit 17 is made of high-thermal-conductivity steel materials and is uniformly paved at the bottom of the runway pool in a serpentine form, heat exchange water in the temperature control unit 17 is provided by tap water or a waste heat water source heat pump unit, the waste heat water source heat pump unit recovers heat generated by biogas combustion to obtain waste heat water, the temperature of inlet water heat exchange water is controlled to be 30-50 ℃, and the heat exchange water is provided by the tap water in summer for heat exchange and cooling; the first heat exchange water inlet 44 and the first heat exchange water outlet 43 are arranged on the wall surface of the raceway pond.
In a specific embodiment, the size of the light supplementing unit is consistent with that of the raceway pond main body 41, the height of the light supplementing unit is designed to be 20-30 cm, the side wall is a detachable wall surface 15, when the ambient temperature is lower than a set value of 25 ℃, the side wall surface is closed to reduce heat emission, and when the humidity in the raceway pond reactor is too high and the upper wall surface is condensed with water to influence illumination, the side wall surface is opened to perform timely ventilation treatment; an LED light supplement lamp 14 and a light intensity sensor 20 are installed in the light supplement unit 18, a sunshade curtain is arranged at the top of the light supplement unit 18 and used for adjusting the light entering amount of sunlight, and when the light intensity is too high in summer, the sunshade curtain is unfolded to weaken the illumination intensity; the LED fill-in light 14 fills in the white light LED when the illumination intensity is weak.
In the specific embodiment, the left circulation runway and the right circulation runway of the runway pool main body 41 are respectively provided with a first aerator, the first aerator is internally provided with an air inlet, the first aerator 16 is in the form of an aeration well, the depth of the aeration well is designed to be 40-20 cm, the aeration well is provided with a micropore air outlet, so that the gas and algae liquid are mixed more uniformly, the gas is residual waste gas after methane combustion, the gas temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the gas flow is controlled to be 0.005-0.01 vvm.
In the embodiment, a flow rate sensor 40 is further arranged in the runway pool main body 41, and the flow rate sensor 40 outputs a signal to control the operation of the motor.
In a specific embodiment, the raceway pond body 41 and the baffle 47 are preferably made of transparent acrylic materials, the liquid level height is generally not more than 20cm, and the height of the raceway pond body 41 is 35 cm.
In a specific embodiment, the paddle wheel I45 can be made of acrylic plate materials or stainless steel materials, the length of the blade of the paddle wheel I is about 2cm above the bottom of the paddle wheel I, the driving force of the paddle wheel I45 is output by an engine, and the engine is powered by methane combustion.
In the specific embodiment, the flow rate of the gas introduced into the aerator 16 is 0.005-0.01 vvm, the gas is residual waste gas generated after biogas combustion, the temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, the gas enters the aerator 16 through the gas inlet 19, the aerator 16 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of a runway of the runway pool, the depth of the aerator is 20cm, and the aeration well is provided with a micropore gas outlet, so that the gas and algae liquid are mixed more uniformly.
Referring to fig. 2, when the two-stage microbial treatment method of the antibiotic-containing pig wastewater of the present invention is applied specifically, an upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor, a raceway pond photobioreactor, and two water pumps 1, 12 are used. The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor mainly comprises a reactor main body 2, a water inlet 3, a sampling port 4, a heat preservation layer 5, a water outlet 6, a gas outlet 7, a pressure discharge port 8, a sludge discharge port 9, a three-phase separator 10 and a sealing cover 11.
Example 1, referring to fig. 2 to 3, a two-stage microbial treatment method of antibiotic-containing swine wastewater, the method comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: anaerobic sludge in an anaerobic fermentation tank of a wastewater treatment plant in a pig farm is collected, the anaerobic sludge and wastewater are introduced into the reactor main body 2, and the anaerobic sludge accounts for 40-60% of the effective volume. Nitrogen is introduced into the reactor body 2 to maintain anaerobic conditions in the reactor. The pH value is controlled to be 6.8-7.8 through a water pump 1 via a water inlet 3, and the temperature is set to be 35 +/-3 ℃ at a medium temperature or 55 +/-3 ℃ at a high temperature.
The second step is that: domesticating the anaerobic sludge, wherein each domestication period lasts for 7 days, three periods are repeated, the organic load is sequentially increased and controlled to be 1.0-2.0 kg COD/(m)3·d)、2.0～3.0kg COD/(m3D) and 3.0 to 4.0kg COD/(m)3D). When the COD or the suspended matter content of the wastewater is too high in the domestication process, the COD and the suspended matter content of the fermentation influent are adjusted by adopting a dilution method, so that the COD and the suspended matter content of the fermentation influent are respectively lower than 4000mg/L and 2000 mg/L.
The third step: after the acclimatization stage is finished, entering a stable anaerobic fermentation stage, wherein in the fermentation stable stage, the organic load is 4.0-7.0 kg COD/(m)3D), stably and efficiently removing COD and antibiotic pollutants in the wastewater.
The fourth step: after the stable anaerobic fermentation is finished, the fermented biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation tank is discharged to a first buffer tank 12 from a water outlet 6, and then enters a raceway pond main body 20 through a first water inlet 42 by a first water pump 13 to be subjected to microalgae culture treatment. The first paddle wheel 45 drives the fluid flow inside the raceway pond body 20 through the motor, and the liquid level is limited within 0.2 m. Selecting chlorella algae from microalgae species, diluting the fermentation biogas slurry according to the proportion of 20%, 40% and 60%, sequentially performing acclimation culture on microalgae, adding the expanded microalgae into the raceway pond main body 20, controlling the inoculation ratio of the microalgae to be 10-20%, specifically 15%, the inoculation concentration to be 0.1-0.3 g/L, specifically 0.2g/L, controlling the temperature to be 25 +/-3 ℃ through the temperature control unit 17, and adding the microalgae containing 5% of CO2The gas is introduced into the raceway pond main body 20 through the aerator 16 and is used for supplementing a carbon source for the growth of microalgae, the ventilation amount is 0.1-0.2 vvm, the illumination intensity is controlled to be 5000-7000 lux, and the hydraulic retention time of the photobioreactor reactor in the raceway pond is controlled to be 6-8 days.
The fifth step: and (4) collecting microalgae after the microalgae culture treatment is finished, and discharging the treated wastewater.
In example 2, referring to fig. 4, a stirring type anaerobic reactor and a flat plate photobioreactor are used for carrying out two-stage microbial treatment on the antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater, wherein the stirring type anaerobic reactor comprises a reactor main body II 22, a water inlet II 23, a gas outlet II 24, a stirrer II 25, a water outlet II 26 and a heat insulation layer II 27; the second water inlet 23 is a pig raising wastewater inlet containing antibiotics, and the pig raising wastewater containing antibiotics enters the second reactor main body 22 through the second water inlet 23; the second heat-insulating layer 25 is arranged outside the second reactor main body and is used for ensuring the temperature inside the second reactor main body to be a certain temperature, so that the fermentation process can stably and effectively run; the second air outlet 24 is an outlet of biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process, and the second water outlet 26 is an outlet of fermented biogas slurry; the second stirrer 25 is arranged in the second reactor main body 22 and is used for stirring the reactants in the second reactor main body 22. The flat plate type photobioreactor mainly comprises a reactor main body III 30, an air inlet III 31, an aerator III 32, a water inlet III 33 and a water outlet III 34.
The specific treatment method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: anaerobic sludge in an anaerobic fermentation tank of a wastewater treatment plant in a pig farm is collected, the anaerobic sludge and wastewater are added into the second reactor main body 22, the anaerobic sludge occupies 50% of the effective volume, and then nitrogen is introduced into the second reactor main body 22, so that the anaerobic condition is kept in the reactor. And continuously introducing the oxytetracycline-containing pig wastewater into the second reactor main body 22 from the second water inlet 23 through the second water pump 21. The pH is controlled at 7.6 + -0.2, and the temperature is set at medium temperature 35 + -3 deg.C.
The second step is that: acclimating anaerobic sludge, wherein each acclimation period lasts for 7 days, three periods are repeated, the organic load is sequentially increased and controlled to be 1.0kg COD/(m)3·d)、2.0kg COD/(m3D) and 3.0kg COD/(m)3D). When the COD or the suspended matter content of the wastewater is too high in the domestication process, the COD and the suspended matter content of the fermentation influent are adjusted by adopting a dilution method, so that the COD and the suspended matter content of the fermentation influent are respectively lower than 4000mg/L and 2000 mg/L.
The third step: after the acclimatization stage is finished, a stable anaerobic fermentation stage is carried out, and after the stable stage, the organic load is controlled to be 6.0kg COD/(m)3D). The stirrer speed was set at 40 r/min.
The fourth step: after the stable anaerobic fermentation is finished, the fermentation biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation tank is discharged to a third buffer tank 28 from a second water outlet 26, and then enters a third flat plate type photobioreactor main body through a third water inlet 33 by a third water pump 2930. The construction material of the flat plate type photobioreactor is preferably acrylic plate material with high light transmittance, the microalgae species are selected from chlorella species, the wastewater is diluted according to the proportion of 20 percent, 40 percent and 60 percent, the microalgae are sequentially domesticated and cultured, the expanded microalgae are added into a third reactor body 30, the inoculation ratio of the microalgae is controlled to be 15 percent, the inoculation concentration is 0.2g/L, the environment temperature is controlled to be 25 +/-3 ℃, and the microalgae containing 5 percent of CO is added into a third reactor body2The gas is introduced into the reactor main body III 30 through the aerator III 32 to supplement a carbon source for the growth of microalgae, the ventilation rate is 0.1vvm, the illumination intensity is controlled at 5000lux, the illumination is uniformly applied to the wall surface of the reactor main body III 30 from the side surface, and the hydraulic retention time of the flat plate type photobioreactor is controlled at 6 days.
The fifth step: and (4) collecting microalgae after the microalgae culture treatment is finished, and discharging the treated wastewater.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A two-stage microorganism treatment method for antibiotic-containing pig raising wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: anaerobic sludge is filled in the anaerobic fermentation tank, and the pig raising wastewater containing the antibiotics is settled in a settling pond and then is introduced into the anaerobic fermentation tank;
the second step is that: domesticating anaerobic sludge in an anaerobic fermentation tank, and adjusting by adopting a fermentation effluent backflow method or a dilution method when the COD (chemical oxygen demand) or the suspended matter content of the wastewater is too high in the domesticating process;
the third step: after the acclimatization stage is finished, entering a stable anaerobic fermentation stage to remove nitrogen, phosphorus, COD and antibiotic pollutants in the wastewater; biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process can be combusted for heat supply or purified and connected to the power grid; CO-containing gas obtained by purifying and burning biogas2The gas can be used as a carbon source for microalgae growth;
the fourth step: after the stable anaerobic fermentation is finishedDischarging the fermentation biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation tank to a buffer tank, introducing the fermentation biogas slurry into a microalgae photobioreactor for microalgae culture treatment, selecting microalgae seeds domesticated earlier, diluting the wastewater in proportion, sequentially carrying out the domestication culture on the microalgae, and introducing CO in the microalgae culture treatment process2The gas supplements a carbon source for the growth of the microalgae;
the fifth step: and (4) collecting microalgae after the microalgae culture treatment is finished, and discharging the treated wastewater.
2. The method for treating the two-stage microorganism-containing wastewater from pig raising containing antibiotics according to claim 1, which comprises: the anaerobic fermentation tank adopts an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor or a stirring anaerobic reactor, and the up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor comprises a reactor main body (2), a water inlet (3), a heat preservation layer (5), a water outlet (6), a gas outlet (7), a pressure discharge port (8), a sludge discharge port (9), a three-phase separator (10) and a sealing cover (11); the water inlet (3) is a pig raising wastewater inlet containing antibiotics, and the pig raising wastewater containing the antibiotics enters the reactor main body (2) through the water inlet (3); the heat-insulating layer (5) is arranged outside the reactor main body (2) and is used for ensuring the inside of the reactor main body to be within a certain temperature range, so that the fermentation process can stably and effectively run; the pressure discharge port (8) is arranged at the top of the reactor main body (2) and is used for avoiding overlarge gas pressure inside the reactor; the sludge discharge port (9) is arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body (2) and is an anaerobic sludge discharge port; the three-phase separator (10) is arranged at the upper part of the reactor main body (2) and is used for separating the fermented biogas slurry from biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process, the biogas is discharged through the gas outlet (7), and the fermented biogas slurry is discharged through the water outlet (6).
3. The method for treating the two-stage microorganism-containing wastewater from pig raising containing antibiotics according to claim 2, characterized in that: the anaerobic fermentation tank adopts a stirring type anaerobic reactor; the stirring type anaerobic reactor comprises a reactor body II (22), a water inlet II (23), a gas outlet II (24), a stirrer II (25), a water outlet II (26) and a heat-insulating layer II (27); the second water inlet (23) is a pig raising wastewater inlet containing antibiotics, and the pig raising wastewater containing the antibiotics enters the second reactor main body (22) through the second water inlet (23); the second heat-insulating layer (25) is arranged outside the second reactor main body and is used for ensuring that the inside of the second reactor main body is within a certain temperature range, so that the fermentation process can stably and effectively run; the second gas outlet (24) is a biogas outlet produced in the anaerobic fermentation process, and the second water outlet (26) is a fermentation biogas slurry outlet; the second stirrer (25) is arranged in the second reactor main body (22) and is used for stirring the reactants in the second reactor main body (22).
4. The method for treating the two-stage microorganism-containing wastewater from pig raising containing antibiotics according to claim 1, which comprises: the microalgae photobioreactor is a raceway pond photobioreactor, the raceway pond photobioreactor comprises a raceway pond main body (41), the raceway pond main body (41) is an annular raceway pond, a baffle (47) is arranged in the raceway pond main body (41), and the raceway pond main body (41) is divided into a left circulation runway and a right circulation runway by the baffle (47); the wall surface of the runway pool main body (41) is provided with a first water inlet (42) and a first water outlet (46); a first slurry wheel (45) is arranged in the runway pool main body (41), and the first slurry wheel (45) is driven by a motor to provide power for the fluid flow in the runway pool; the first aerator is arranged at the bottom of the runway pool main body, the air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the first aerator, the temperature control unit (17) is laid at the bottom of the runway pool main body (41), the temperature control unit (17) is composed of a return pipeline, a water pump controls the flow of heat exchange water in the return pipeline, and the heat exchange water and liquid in the runway pool form a countercurrent heat exchange mode; the top of the runway pool main body (41) is provided with a light supplementing unit (18), and the light supplementing unit (18) is made of transparent materials, so that sunlight irradiates into the runway pool main body (41).
5. The method for treating the two-stage microorganism-containing wastewater from pig raising containing antibiotics according to claim 1, which comprises: the microalgae photobioreactor is a flat plate type photobioreactor.
6. The two-stage microbial treatment method of antibiotic-containing swine wastewater according to claim 4, wherein: the size of the light supplementing unit is consistent with that of the raceway pond main body (41), the side wall is a detachable wall surface (15), when the ambient temperature is lower than a set value, the side wall surface is closed to reduce heat emission, and when the humidity in the raceway pond reactor is too high and the upper wall surface has water condensation to influence illumination, the side wall surface is opened to ventilate in time; install LED light filling lamp (14) and light intensity sensor (20) in light filling unit (18), light filling unit (18) top is provided with the sunshade screen, the sunshade screen is used for adjusting the light inlet quantity of sunlight, and LED light filling lamp (14) carries out the light filling when illumination intensity is weak.
7. The two-stage microbial treatment method of antibiotic-containing swine wastewater according to claim 4, wherein: and a flow velocity sensor (40) is also arranged in the runway pool main body (41), and the flow velocity sensor (40) outputs a signal to control the motor to work.
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Application publication date: 20210629 |