CN101767893B - Device and method for coupling producing biological oil by utilizing microalgae to deeply treating wastewater - Google Patents

Device and method for coupling producing biological oil by utilizing microalgae to deeply treating wastewater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101767893B
CN101767893B CN2010101118341A CN201010111834A CN101767893B CN 101767893 B CN101767893 B CN 101767893B CN 2010101118341 A CN2010101118341 A CN 2010101118341A CN 201010111834 A CN201010111834 A CN 201010111834A CN 101767893 B CN101767893 B CN 101767893B
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algae
microalgae
type pillar
lift type
air lift
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CN101767893A (en
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胡洪营
李鑫
苏贞峰
野口勉
稻垣靖史
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Tsinghua University
Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for coupling producing biological oil by utilizing microalgae to deeply treating wastewater, which belongs to the technical field of water pollution control. The device is arranged after secondary wastewater treatment, and nutrient elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and the like can be absorbed by the photosynthesis of algae cells, and thus, the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in secondary wastewater treatment effluent can be further reduced, thereby lowering the risk of water bloom eruption because the sewage plant effluent is discharged behind scenic water; the device can be applied to the deep treatment of the wastewater. The growth rate of the algae cells and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate can be increased by taking Scenedesmus sp.LX1 as a nitrogen and phosphorus removal dominant algae by adopting an LED red and blue light source; and the algae density in a reactor and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal can be increased by adopting a membrane separation mode and a dense algae liquid reflux mode. Meanwhile, grease can be further extracted by separating the obtained dense algae liquid, and the wastewater is taken as the resource to produce the biological oil. The method has the advantages of good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect, high economic benefit and the like.

Description

Utilize the device and method of microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of water pollution control, particularly utilize the device and method of microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil.
Background technology
Along with the development of economical activities of mankind, nutritive substances such as nitrogen phosphorus enter water body in a large number, and produce accumulation, enrichment, cause body eutrophication, cause the unusual breeding of algae (being mainly blue-green algae, green alga), and water quality is worsened rapidly.Control nitrogen phosphorus gets into water body, is the essential measure that prevents body eutrophication.Big quantity research shows both at home and abroad, and is though conventional sewage treatment process can be removed most of organic and inorganic pollutant in the sewage, relatively poor to the removal effect of phosphorus and nitrogen.The phosphor-removing effect of chemical method is good, but the chemical agent cost is high, and the mud of generation is difficult to handle.The research that utilizes frustule to remove nitrogen phosphorus in the sewage has in recent years attracted increasing concern.On the basis of algae kind screening, make up the microalgae photobiological reactor assembly of economical and efficient denitrogenation dephosphorizing, significant for preventing body eutrophication.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of device and method that utilizes the microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil.
Utilize the device of microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil; It is characterized in that: this apparatus main body is an air lift type pillar bioreactor; The grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind of inoculation in air lift type pillar bioreactor, aerating apparatus is connected with air lift type pillar bioreactor, and the sewage water feed apparatus is connected with air lift type pillar bioreactor through mixing tank; Air lift type pillar bioreactor links to each other with membrane separation unit; Sewage (the tertiary treatment water outlet of low nitrogen and phosphorus content) through after the crown_interception acquisition processing of film concentrates the dense algae liquid that obtains and is divided into two portions, and a part is gathered in the crops; A part refluxes; The dense algae liquid that refluxes gets into air lift type pillar bioreactor through mixing tank, and through the algae cell density in the adjustment control of reflux ratio air lift type pillar bioreactor, the dense algae liquid of results is used to prepare bio oil.
Said air lift type pillar bioreactor adopts the red blue light source of LED, solar source, and perhaps solar source is used any one among the red blue light source three of LED (Light Emitting Diode).In the red blue light source of LED, the ruddiness optimal wavelength is at 590~710nm, and the blue light optimal wavelength is at 380~510nm.Generally speaking, the red blue light source of LED is used to increase total intensity of illumination, and is used to prolong the illumination cultivation time, and the use of the red blue light source of LED can improve the frustule growth velocity and nitrogen phosphorus is removed speed.
Said aerating apparatus is by pneumatic pump and compression CO 2Jar is formed, and provides to air lift type pillar bioreactor to contain 5% (volume percent) CO 2Air.
Adopt above-mentioned device to utilize the method for microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil; It is characterized in that: utilize sewage second-level treat effluent culturing microalgae; The grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind of inoculation is containing 5% (volume percent) CO in air lift type pillar bioreactor 2Air aeration and illumination condition under, through the photosynthesis absorbed nitrogen phosphorus of frustule, reduce the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage; Through membrane separation unit frustule is held back, obtained the tertiary treatment water outlet, concentrate the dense algae liquid that obtains and be divided into two portions; Part results; A part refluxes, and the dense algae liquid of backflow gets into air lift type pillar bioreactor, through the algae cell density in the adjustment control of reflux ratio air lift type pillar bioreactor; The dense algae liquid of results passes through further to concentrate, grease extracts and transesterification reaction, the preparation bio oil.
The second pond water outlet that said sewage second-level treat effluent is the sewage second-level treatment process.
In the said illumination condition, total intensity of illumination is 1000~1400lux, and Light To Dark Ratio is 12h: 12h~14h: 10h.
In the said illumination condition, adopt the red blue light source of LED, solar source, perhaps solar source is used any one among the red blue light source three of LED.
The scope of the ratio of the ruddiness blue light intensity of illumination of said red blue light source is 1: 1 to 5: 1.
The inoculum density of said grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind is 1 * 10 5~10 * 10 5Individual mL -1
Said grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind is fresh water grid algae Scenedesmus sp.LX1 (algae kind preserving number is CGMCC 3036).
Utilize the concrete steps of the method for microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupled biological oil production to be:
(1) inoculation grid algae algae kind in bioreactor, initial inoculation density is 1 * 10 5~10 * 10 5Individual mL -1
(2) (total intensity of illumination is 1000~400lux at illumination condition; Light To Dark Ratio is 12h: 12h~14h: 10h; Adopt the red blue light source of LED, solar source, perhaps solar source is used any one among the red blue light source three of LED, in the red blue light source of LED; The scope of the ratio of the ruddiness blue light intensity of illumination of red blue light source is 1: 1 to 5: 1; The ratio of preferred ruddiness blue light intensity of illumination is 5: 1) under, frustule growth velocity in the bioreactor and nitrogen phosphorus are removed speed and are all obtained promoting that the nitrogen phosphorus maximum material removal rate in the sewage second-level treat effluent can reach 97%~98%;
(3) system can improve nitrogen phosphorus and remove speed through the interior algae cell density of mode augmenting response device that membrane separation unit and dense algae liquid reflux;
(4) through membrane separation unit frustule is held back, thus the final tertiary treatment water outlet that obtains low nitrogen and phosphorus content;
(5) the dense algae liquid that separates results through further concentrate, grease extracts and transesterification reaction the preparation bio oil;
The said second pond water outlet that utilizes the process object of the oily method of producing of microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupled biological for the sewage second-level treatment process.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the grid algae in the method for microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil (Scenedesmus sp.LX1) is a denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind, under aeration and illumination condition, through the photosynthesis absorbed nitrogen phosphorus of frustule; Reduce the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage; Adopt the red blue light source of LED, can improve frustule growth velocity and nitrogen phosphorus and remove speed, the mode that adopts membrane sepn and dense algae liquid to reflux; The algae cell density and the nitrogen phosphorus that can improve in the reactor drum are removed speed; Obtain the tertiary treatment water outlet of low nitrogen and phosphorus content, thereby reduce the risk that sewage effluents is discharged into outburst wawter bloom behind the landscape water body, can be applicable to the advanced treatment of sewage.Separate simultaneously results dense algae liquid can through further concentrate, grease extracts and transesterification reaction prepares bio oil, is that resource is produced bioenergy with sewage.
Description of drawings
The growing state contrast of Fig. 1 grid algae LX1 under white light and the red blue light illumination condition of LED;
The nitrogen phosphorus removal situation contrast of Fig. 2 grid algae LX1 under white light and the red blue light illumination condition of LED;
The growing state of Fig. 3 grid algae LX1 in actual cities sewage secondary treatment yielding water;
Fig. 4 utilizes the device synoptic diagram of microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil;
Label among the figure: 1, sewage water feed apparatus; 2, mixing tank; 3, air lift type pillar bioreactor; 4, the red blue light source of LED; 5, aerating apparatus; 6, membrane separation unit; 7, bio oil.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified:
Embodiment 1
(total nitrogen and total phosphorus are respectively 15mgL to the substratum of human configuration -1And 1.5mgL -1, all the other components are with the BG11 substratum of dilution 50%) and middle inoculation grid algae LX1, initial inoculation density is about 6 * 10 5Individual mL -1, under the condition of white light and the red blue light of LED different ratios (Light To Dark Ratio 14h: 10h, intensity of illumination 1400lux), cultivate.
Ruddiness and blue light that frustule chlorophyll mainly absorbs in the natural light are used for photosynthesis, under equal intensity of illumination, are light source with the red blue light of LED therefore, and the growth velocity of grid algae LX1 can obviously be promoted.From inoculating back beginning in the 1st day, the algae cell density of grid algae LX1 i.e. situation when being light source with the white light, grows into stationary phase until frustule.With the white light is light source, and grid algae LX1 grows to about the 14th day and gets into stationary phase; With the red blue light of LED is light source, because growth velocity has obtained promotion, grid algae LX1 grows to about the 10th day and promptly gets into stationary phase (Fig. 1).
Embodiment 2
Grid algae LX1 culture condition and illumination condition are with embodiment 1.
Because the growth velocity of grid algae LX1 has obtained promotion (embodiment 1) under the red blue light source of LED, so the speed of frustule removal nitrogen phosphorus also can be improved significantly.Under the red blue light source of LED, from inoculating back beginning in the 1st day, the situation the when total nitrogen content in the substratum promptly is starkly lower than and is light source with the white light, the total nitrogen in substratum almost completely is removed.With the white light is light source, is cultured to the 12nd day left and right sides nitrogen removal rate and can reaches 97%; With the red blue light of LED is light source, is cultured to the 9th day left and right sides nitrogen removal rate and can reaches 97% (Fig. 2 (a)).
Grid algae LX1 is similar with total nitrogen to the promotion of total phosphorus removal under the red blue light source of LED.With the white light is light source, cultivates that the clearance of total phosphorus is 98% after 6 days; With the red blue light of LED is light source, and the clearance that is cultured to the 2nd day total phosphorus can reach 98% (Fig. 2 (b)).
Embodiment 3
Second pond water outlet with certain city domestic sewage treatment plant is a substratum; Directly (secondary treatment yielding water do not filter, unsterilised) cultivated grid algae LX1; The condition of water quality of secondary treatment yielding water is as shown in table 1, and culture condition is: white light intensity of illumination 1400lux, Light To Dark Ratio 14h: 10h, 25 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 75%.The initial inoculation density of grid algae LX1 is 5 * 10 6Individual mL -1
Table 1
The water-quality guideline desired value
Total nitrogen (mgL -1) 22.2 ± 0.2
Ammonia nitrogen (mgL -1) do not detect
Total phosphorus (mgL -1) 0.48 ± 0.02
COD Cr(mg·L -1) 15.6±3.2
Suspended substance (mgL -1) 6.2 ± 0.8
pH 7.04
Turbidity (NTU) 1.08
Grid algae LX1 is grown in the pollution that whole culturing process does not receive assorted bacterium or assorted algae, is cultured to the stationary phase that grows into of the 8th day left and right sides grid algae LX1, and maximum algae cell density is about 2 * 10 8Individual mL -1(Fig. 3).
Cultivate after 10 days, grid algae LX1 is respectively 41.4% (phosphorus source relative deficiency cause nitrogen removal rate lower) and 99% to the clearance of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and the frustule living weight is 0.26gL -1(dry weight), grease yield are 85mgL -1(dry weight), unit frustule grease percentage composition is 33%.
Embodiment 4
Utilize the device of microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil; This device synoptic diagram is as shown in Figure 4, and this apparatus main body is an air lift type pillar bioreactor 3, the grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind of inoculation in air lift type pillar bioreactor 3; Aerating apparatus 5 is connected with air lift type pillar bioreactor 3; Sewage water feed apparatus 1 is connected with air lift type pillar bioreactor 3 through mixing tank 2, and air lift type pillar bioreactor 3 links to each other with membrane separation unit 6, the sewage after handling through the crown_interception acquisition of film; Concentrate the dense algae liquid that obtains and be divided into two portions; Part results, a part refluxes, and the dense algae liquid that refluxes gets into air lift type pillar bioreactor 3 through mixing tank 2; Through the algae cell density in the adjustment control of reflux ratio air lift type pillar bioreactor 3, the dense algae liquid of results is used to prepare bio oil 7.
Said air lift type pillar bioreactor 3 adopts the red blue light source of LED 4, solar source, and perhaps solar source is used any one among red blue light source 4 threes of LED.
Said aerating apparatus 5 is by pneumatic pump and compression CO 2Jar is formed, and provides to air lift type pillar bioreactor 3 to contain 5% (volume percent) CO 2Air.
The above-mentioned second pond water outlet that utilizes the apparatus processes object of microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil for the sewage second-level treatment process.
Embodiment 5
Utilize the second pond water outlet of the apparatus processes sewage second-level treatment process of embodiment 4 described microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oils; Utilize sewage second pond water outlet culturing microalgae; The grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind of inoculation in air lift type pillar bioreactor; Grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind is fresh water grid algae Scenedesmus sp.LX1 (algae kind preserving number is CGMCC 3036), is containing 5% (volume percent) CO 2The irradiation of air aeration and solar source be used under the condition of the red blue light source of LED (Light Emitting Diode), through the photosynthesis absorbed nitrogen phosphorus of frustule, reduce the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage; Through membrane separation unit frustule is held back, obtained the tertiary treatment water outlet of low nitrogen and phosphorus content, concentrate the dense algae liquid that obtains and be divided into two portions; Part results; A part refluxes, and the dense algae liquid of backflow gets into air lift type pillar bioreactor, through the algae cell density in the adjustment control of reflux ratio air lift type pillar bioreactor; The dense algae liquid of results passes through further to concentrate, grease extracts and transesterification reaction, the preparation bio oil.
Utilize in the device of microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil the major equipment explanation as follows:
1. sewage water feed apparatus, flooding velocity 2Lmin -1
2. mix to irritate, what be used to into water and backflow algae liquid mixes inside diameter D=400mm, height H=350mm, hydraulic detention time HRT=10min;
3. air lift type pillar bioreactor, cubic capacity V=700L, the inside diameter D=300mm of single column reactor, height H=2200mm, hydraulic detention time HRT=10h;
4. illumination condition is that solar source is used the red blue light source 4 of LED, total intensity of illumination 1400lux, and Light To Dark Ratio 14h: 10h, the ratio of the ruddiness blue light intensity of illumination of the red blue light source of LED is 5: 1;
5. aeration (contains 5%CO 2Air) device, regulate aeration rate according to the algae cell density in the reactor drum;
6. membrane separation unit, cubic capacity V=210L, inside diameter D=500mm; Height H=1400mm; Hydraulic detention time HRT=1h, the crown_interception through film can obtain the clear water of low nitrogen and phosphorus content, concentrates the dense algae liquid part results that obtain; A part refluxes, through the algae cell density of adjustment reflux ratio in can controlling reactor;
7. dense algae liquid further concentrates, grease extracts and transesterification reaction, the preparation bio oil.
Embodiment 6
Except the ratio of the ruddiness blue light intensity of illumination of the red blue light source of LED is 4: 1, all the other are identical with embodiment 5.
Embodiment 7
Except the ratio of the ruddiness blue light intensity of illumination of the red blue light source of LED is 3: 1, all the other are identical with embodiment 5.

Claims (9)

1. utilize the device of microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil; It is characterized in that: this apparatus main body is an air lift type pillar bioreactor (3); The grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind of inoculation in air lift type pillar bioreactor (3), said grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind is fresh water grid algae Scenedesmus sp.LX1, algae kind preserving number is CGMCC 3036; Aerating apparatus (5) is connected with air lift type pillar bioreactor (3); Sewage water feed apparatus (1) is connected with air lift type pillar bioreactor (3) through mixing tank (2), and air lift type pillar bioreactor (3) links to each other with membrane separation unit (6), the sewage after handling through the crown_interception acquisition of film; Concentrate the dense algae liquid that obtains and be divided into two portions; Part results, a part refluxes, and the dense algae liquid that refluxes gets into air lift type pillar bioreactor (3) through mixing tank (2); Through the algae cell density in the adjustment control of reflux ratio air lift type pillar bioreactor (3), the dense algae liquid of results is used to prepare bio oil (7).
2. the device that utilizes the microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said air lift type pillar bioreactor (3) adopts the red blue light source of LED (4), solar source, and perhaps solar source is used any one among the red blue light source of LED (4) three.
3. the device that utilizes the microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said aerating apparatus (5) is by pneumatic pump and compression CO 2Jar is formed, and provides to air lift type pillar bioreactor (3) to contain volume percent 5%CO 2Air.
4. adopt the described device of claim 1 to utilize the method for microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil; It is characterized in that: utilize sewage second-level treat effluent culturing microalgae; The grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind of inoculation in air lift type pillar bioreactor (3); Said grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind is fresh water grid algae Scenedesmus sp.LX1, and algae kind preserving number is CGMCC 3036, is containing volume percent 5%CO 2Air aeration and illumination condition under, through the photosynthesis absorbed nitrogen phosphorus of frustule, reduce the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage second-level treat effluent; Through membrane separation unit (6) frustule is held back, obtained the tertiary treatment water outlet, concentrate the dense algae liquid that obtains and be divided into two portions; Part results; A part refluxes, and the dense algae liquid of backflow gets into air lift type pillar bioreactor (3), through the algae cell density in the adjustment control of reflux ratio air lift type pillar bioreactor (3); The dense algae liquid of results passes through further to concentrate, grease extracts and transesterification reaction, the preparation bio oil.
5. the method for utilizing the microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the second pond water outlet that said sewage second-level treat effluent is the sewage second-level treatment process.
6. the method for utilizing the microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the said illumination condition, total intensity of illumination is 1000~1400lux, and Light To Dark Ratio is 12h: 12h~14h: 10h.
7. the method for utilizing the microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: in the said illumination condition; Adopt the red blue light source of LED (4), solar source, perhaps solar source is used any one among the red blue light source of LED (4) three.
8. the method for utilizing the microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the scope of the ratio of the ruddiness blue light intensity of illumination of said red blue light source is 1: 1 to 5: 1.
9. the method for utilizing the microalgae to deeply treating wastewater coupling producing biological oil according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the inoculum density of said grease-contained denitrogenation dephosphorizing advantage algae kind is 1 * 10 5~10 * 10 5Individual mL -1
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