CN104017726A - Built-in light source bioreactor and microalgae culture method - Google Patents
Built-in light source bioreactor and microalgae culture method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a built-in light source bioreactor. The built-in light source bioreactor comprises a reaction vessel, a material feed and discharge device, a light-emitting device, a nutrient distributing device and a gas distributor, wherein the reaction vessel is provided with a cover plate, and used for containing a culture solution for microalgae growth; the material feed and discharge device is connected with the reaction vessel in a seal mode and provided with a valve and a switch, and the microalgae are pumped in or out of the reaction vessel through the material feed and discharge device; the light-emitting device is used for generating a light source required by microalgae growth; the nutrient distributing device is used for supplying nutrients by microalgae growth into the reaction vessel; and the gas distributor is used for supplying gas required by microalgae growth into the reaction vessel. The built-in light source bioreactor is free from the influence of weather changes, can perform the microalgae reproduction by different stages, has high controllability, and is beneficial to implementing stable and continuous industrial production; and the bioreactor tandem and/or parallel system enhances the large-scale culture efficiency of microalgae.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, be specifically related to built-in light source bio-reactor and both culturing microalgae method.
Background technology
Micro-algae biofuel is the future thrust of liquid biofuel, have energy conversion efficiency high, compare with common Lu Sheng farm crop, the productive rate of unit surface can exceed decades of times, thereby can realize industrialized culture.The principle of micro-algae liquefaction is to utilize micro-algae photosynthesis, thereby the biomass that are micro-algae self by the carbon dioxide conversion producing in chemical process have been fixed carbon, by induced reaction, make the carbon species of micro-algae self be converted into grease again, then utilize physics or chemical process that the grease in microalgae cell is transformed into extracellular, refine again processing, thereby produce biofuel, can, by the photosynthesis of algae, by the nutritive substance in waste water and gas and carbon dioxide conversion, be biofuel, protein.In oil price, significantly rise, today that food shortage problem is outstanding day by day, this industry has vast potential for future development.
Cultivation for the production of micro-algae of biofuel is mainly divided into two stages, breeds stage and produce oil stage.In the breeding stage of both culturing microalgae, micro-algae mainly absorbs reddish yellow light and royal purple light (wavelength region is at 620-700nm and 410-470nm), absorbs the elements such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus simultaneously, breeds and produce oil not; In the produce oil stage of both culturing microalgae, no longer pass into nitrogenous source and keep passing into of a small amount of phosphorus and continue to pass into CO
2, keep illumination, thereby micro-algae obviously increases because of rich carbon and nitrogen hunger produce oil efficiency, and reproduction speed significantly reduces.
For further improve micro-algae biofuel unit output, realize three dimensional-breeding, must use special-purpose both culturing microalgae photoreactor.The outdoor direct cultivation such as raceway pond, multistage pond although both culturing microalgae photoreactor of the prior art is compared, cultivation density, yield per unit are all significantly improved, but because the light source of micro algae growth and produce oil is still natural light, micro-algae is to the utilization of sunlight insufficient, there is uncertain and uncontrollability, producing stable, lasting requirement with batch production runs in the opposite direction completely, in addition the also unrealized automatization of auxiliary breeding function such as nutritional supplementation, carbonic acid gas inflation, makes itself and actual commercial application still have larger distance.
Therefore, this area can overcome low, the inefficient drawback of poor controllability, level of automation of above-mentioned both culturing microalgae photoreactor of the prior art in the urgent need to a kind of technology at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of can be according to the built-in light source bio-reactor of the key elements such as the light source of cultivation demand proportioning the best of different sorts algae different steps, carbonic acid gas, nutrition, temperature, flow velocity, thereby realize the stable, controlled of super-high density algal cultivation, meet industrialization demand.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of built-in light source bio-reactor, this built-in light source bio-reactor comprises:
Reaction vessel, reaction vessel is provided with cover plate and reaction vessel holds the nutrient solution for micro algae growth;
Charging/discharging device, charging/discharging device and reaction vessel are tightly connected, and charging/discharging device is provided with valve and switch;
Light-emitting device, light-emitting device is located at reaction vessel interior and when reactor is worked, this light-emitting device at least partly or the nutrient solution being all immersed in, thereby in reaction vessel, provide micro algae growth required light, the light intensity of the light that wherein light-emitting device sends is uniformly or roughly uniform at the depth direction (Z-direction) of reaction vessel; With
Gas distributor, gas distributor for providing micro algae growth required gas in reaction vessel.
In another preference, the light intensity of the light that light-emitting device sends is substantially even in the horizontal direction (comprising X-axis and Y direction) of reaction vessel.
In another preference, the light intensity D1 that described " uniformly or roughly uniform " refers to arbitrary depth with at the average intensity Dm of entire depth scope, meet following formula:
1.5≥D1/Dm≥0.7。
Preferably, 1.2 >=D1/Dm >=0.8; 1.1 >=D1/Dm >=0.9 more preferably.
In another preference, the surrounding of reaction vessel is provided with temperature control unit, and this temperature control unit is for maintaining liquid environment temperature in reaction vessel within being applicable to the scope of micro algae growth.
In another preference, reactor is also provided with nutrition distribution device, and this nutrition distribution device for providing micro algae growth required nutrition in reaction vessel.
In another preference, gas distributor is rotary gas distributor, is passing in the process of gas in reaction vessel, rotary gas distributor rotation, thus impel gas and nutritive substance to be scattered in liquid culture system.
In another preference, this temperature control unit is temperature control water pipe.
In another preference, the scope that is applicable to micro algae growth refers to 15-45 ℃, preferably 20-40 ℃.
In another preference, built-in light source bio-reactor is also provided with Monitoring systems, and for the parameter of monitoring liquid environment, parameter is selected from: pH value, temperature and/or nutriment concentration.
In another preference, light-emitting device comprises light guiding plate and luminescence unit, and the light transmission light guiding plate conduction that luminescence unit produces makes light guiding plate Integral luminous.
In another preference, light-emitting device also comprises support, and support is for fixed support light guiding plate, and support is removably connected with reaction vessel and/or cover plate, and luminescence unit is embedded in light guiding plate.
In another preference, be on the cover board provided with production well.
In another preference, this luminescence unit is LED luminescence unit.
In another preference, in this built-in light source bio-reactor, be provided with polylith light guiding plate, preferably 3-100 piece, more preferably 4-80 piece, best 5-50 piece.
In another preference, light guiding plate is made by the transparent organic material with anti-weak acid performance.
In another preference, the light of at least 2 different wave lengths of transmitting during light-emitting device work.
In another preference, the light of aforementioned different wave length comprises: wavelength is that light, the wavelength of 600-800 (preferably 650-750) nm is the light of 400-480 (preferably 430-470) nm.
In another preference, the colour temperature of the light that luminescence unit sends is 1000-20000K, preferably 1500-6000K.
In another preference, in light-emitting device, luminescence unit is LED, and the quantity of LED is 1-10000/ light guiding plate; It is preferably 10-1000/ light guiding plate.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of production cultivation equipment, this production cultivation equipment comprises the built-in light source bio-reactor of first aspect present invention.
In another preference, at least two built-in light source bio-reactors are series connection and/or in parallel.
In another preference, interconnective reactor is connected by charging/discharging device.
In another preference, this production cultivation equipment is used as the production cultivating system of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Chrysophyta and the micro-algae of rhodophyta.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, provide a kind of cultural method, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) provide aforesaid built-in light source bio-reactor;
(b) in built-in light source bio-reactor, cultivate micro-algae.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method for the preparation of producing micro-algae of biodiesel, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) provide aforesaid built-in light source bio-reactor;
(b) in built-in light source bio-reactor, cultivate the micro-algae for the production of biodiesel,
Wherein, cultivate and comprise the first cultivation stage and the second cultivation stage, in the first stage of micro algae growth, the light wavelength that luminescence unit sends is 350-900nm, preferably 570-800 and 400-500nm; In the subordinate phase of micro algae growth, the light wavelength that luminescence unit sends is 350-900nm, preferably 600-800 and 400-480nm;
(c) from built-in light source bio-reactor, reclaim micro-algae of cultivating.
In another preference, in the first stage of micro algae growth, the wavelength that luminescence unit sends is 570-800nm; In the subordinate phase of micro algae growth, the wavelength that luminescence unit sends is 400-480nm.
In another preference, in the first stage of micro algae growth, in built-in light source bio-reactor, provide nitrogenous source; In the subordinate phase of micro algae growth, stop providing nitrogenous source in built-in light source bio-reactor.
In another preference, method also comprise: micro-algae of reclaiming is processed to (such as dry, broken wall, extraction, transesterify etc.) thus make biodiesel.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, provide a kind of micro-algae that can be used for producing biodiesel, this micro-algae is to prepare by the method described in fourth aspect.
In another preference, this micro-algae has following characteristic:
(i) size of micro-algae is 5-500 micron;
(ii) oil length (dry weight) 10%-70%.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method of preparing biodiesel, it is characterized in that, comprised step: utilized micro-algae described in fifth aspect present invention as raw material, process, thereby make biodiesel.
In another preference, the processing of micro-algae comprises: the processing steps such as dry, extraction, extraction, transesterify.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional cutaway view of built-in light source bio-reactor according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic of built-in light source bio-reactor according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is that the master of built-in light source bio-reactor according to an embodiment of the invention looks cross-sectional schematic;
Fig. 4 be according to an embodiment of the invention built-in light source bio-reactor overlook cross-sectional schematic;
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of the light-emitting device of built-in light source bio-reactor according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 a is the front view of the light-emitting device of built-in light source bio-reactor according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 b is the side-view of the light-emitting device of built-in light source bio-reactor according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 c is the vertical view of the light-emitting device of built-in light source bio-reactor according to an embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 6 d is according to the enlarged view of B part in Fig. 6 b.
Embodiment
The inventor is through extensive and deep research, developed first a kind of built-in light source bio-reactor, by the structures such as light-emitting device of particular design, reactor of the present invention not only shortens incubation time, and can significantly improve biomass density and the total effectively fat content of micro-algae, thereby can prepare the better biofuel of quality.Completed on this basis the present invention.
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated, so that clearer understanding objects, features and advantages of the present invention.It should be understood that embodiment shown in the drawings is not limitation of the scope of the invention, and just for the connotation of technical solution of the present invention is described.
Bio-reactor
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described built-in light source bio-reactor comprises reaction vessel 1, light-emitting device 2, charging/discharging device 3, cover plate 5, gas distributor 6, nutrition distribution device, temperature control unit 7 and monitoring and Controlling System etc.Reaction vessel 1 is provided with cover plate 5, reaction vessel 1 is tightly connected with charging/discharging device 3, and charging/discharging device is provided with valve and switch, for controlling the carrying out of input and output material or stopping, in reaction vessel 1, be provided with light-emitting device 2 for generation of required stabilized light source of each stage of micro algae growth, the bottom of reaction vessel 1 is provided with gas distributor 6 for passing into required gas of each stage of micro algae growth, nutrition distribution device is for supplying nutrients to reaction vessel, the surrounding of reaction vessel is provided with temperature control unit 7 (being illustrated as temperature control water pipe) for keeping the temperature of solution in reaction vessel within being applicable to the temperature range of micro-algae propagation and produce oil.
The bottom of this bio-reactor (according to appointment 30%～90%, or 50%～70% height) can be embedded in underground.
This bio-reactor can be arranged on around power station, utilizes the waste water and gas that generating produces to originate as the matter and energy of both culturing microalgae, has the effect of environmental emission reduction.This reaction vessel 1 can be lighttight encloses container, at overcast and rainy and night, also can be undertaken by the light-emitting device of self luminous, used for micro algae growth.In built-in light source bio-reactor, be provided with Monitoring systems, for monitoring reactor solution pH value and temperature etc.
In addition, built-in light source bio-reactor of the present invention also can be used for an algae, dinoflagellate or other hydrobiological high-density industrialization cultivation.
Fig. 3 is that the master of this built-in light source bio-reactor looks cross-sectional schematic; As shown in Figure 3, be provided with temperature control unit 7 on the wall of reaction vessel, temperature control unit 7 can be any suitable form, for example temperature control spacer.Preferably, temperature control unit 7 is temperature control water pipe, and the waste water with certain temperature that discharge in power station is used in temperature control water pipe and circulates with the temperature in maintenance bio-reactor between 15 ℃～45 ℃.
Top at the cover plate 5 of bio-reactor is provided with production well, the oxygen producing for discharging micro-algae photosynthesis.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional schematic of overlooking of this built-in light source bio-reactor.As shown in the figure, in the bottom of built-in light source bio-reactor, be provided with gas distributor 6, that gas distributor 6 can be is rotary, slot type, tubular type or other any suitable forms.In microalga cultivation process, by gas distributor, in reaction vessel, pass into carbonic acid gas, air or other gas.Preferably, adopt rotary gas distributor in this example, in passing into the process of gas, gas distributor 6 rotarily drives the disturbance of liquid in the gas that passes into and bottom container, thereby is conducive to gas and nutritive substance is uniformly distributed in solution.
In one or more positions of reaction vessel, (on such as wall of container, container bottom, container top and cover plate inner side etc.) installs nutrition distribution device.Nutrition distribution device provides different nutriment in the different steps of micro algae growth.
In reaction vessel, other nutritive substances passes into speed and CO
2pass into speed and can become certain ratio, pass through CO
2on-line monitoring system can be determined CO in solution
2meltage, the pH value of simultaneously monitoring solution by Monitoring systems is known the potential of hydrogen of solution.The CO that Controlling System can be controlled
2with the speed that passes into of nutritive substance, in assurance solution, the meltage of nutritive substance and pH value are within being applicable to the scope of micro algae growth breeding or produce oil.
Light-emitting device
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of light-emitting device 2.The bio-reactor that is arranged so that of light-emitting device can carry out the normal operations such as breeding production without sunlight or other external light sources in the situation that.As described in Figure 5, described light-emitting device consists of support 9, LED luminescence unit group 10 and light guiding plate 11, and light guiding plate 11 is fixed by support 9, and the top of support 9 is fixed on cover plate 5, LED luminescence unit group 10 is positioned at the top of light guiding plate 11, light guiding plate 11 or all stretch under liquid level.In bio-reactor of the present invention, be provided with a plurality of light-emitting devices 2, each light guiding plate is installation or removal individually all.
Light guiding plate can for example, be made with transparent organic material (acrylic), and has anti-weak acid performance.LED luminescence unit group directly contacts with light guiding plate at the top of light guiding plate, and the light that LED luminescence unit group is sent can see through light guiding plate and conducts and make light guiding plate Integral luminous.
The top of the support 9 of light-emitting device 2 is removably connected with cover plate 5, thus be convenient to light-emitting device dismounting, change or reinstall; Light-emitting device 2 is suspended in reaction vessel and the bottom of contacting container not, thereby does not affect the rotation of container bottom gas distributor.The support that should be understood that light-emitting device also can be fixed in any suitable position and reaction vessel in other any suitable modes.
Fig. 6 a-6c is respectively front view, side-view and the vertical view of the light-emitting device of built-in light source bio-reactor; Fig. 6 d is the enlarged view of B part in Fig. 6 b.
LED luminescence unit group 10 comprises one by one little LED luminescence unit, and the light that luminescence unit produces can be tertiary colour or monochromatic ray, and monochromatic LED emission wavelength scope is 350-900nm, and complex light reference color temperature is 1500-20000K.The quantity of the LED luminescence unit on single light guiding plate can be 1-10000.
The light intensity of the light that wherein light-emitting device sends is uniformly or roughly uniform at the depth direction (Z-direction) of reaction vessel; The light intensity of the light that light-emitting device sends is substantially even in the horizontal direction (comprising X-axis and Y direction) of reaction vessel.The light intensity D1 that " uniformly or roughly uniform " refers to arbitrary depth with at the average intensity Dm of entire depth scope, meet following formula:
1.5≥D1/Dm≥0.7。
Preferably, 1.2 >=D1/Dm >=0.8; 1.1 >=D1/Dm >=0.9 more preferably.
During light-emitting device work, can launch the light of at least 2 different wave lengths.The light of this different wave length comprises: the light that the light that wavelength is 570-800nm, wavelength are 400-500nm.
In fact, LED luminescence unit group 10 can be positioned at the bottom of light guiding plate 11 or be embedded in other suitable positions of luminescent screen, as long as guarantee that its light sending can conduct and make monoblock light guiding plate luminous in monoblock light guiding plate.
Preferably, the energy derive of LED luminescence unit group is that sun power tabula rasa absorbs the electric energy that sun power produces.So, though bio-reactor of the present invention does not directly utilize sun power, but by sun power tabula rasa, unsettled solar energy collecting is got up for generating, stably be supplied to the luminescence unit group of bio-reactor to make it luminous constantly the electricity of its generation, guarantee stable, the persistence of both culturing microalgae.
Produce cultivating system
The breeding of micro-algae and produce oil stage can carry out in same bio-reactor, but need to change light-emitting device along with the carrying out of growth, change kind and speed that nutritive substance passes into, and process is comparatively complicated.
In order to realize efficient large-scale farming, can adopt a plurality of bio-reactor serial or parallel connections to form the large-scale cultivating system of producing.Serial or parallel connection between bio-reactor connects by feed inlet and outlet, by pump system, can complete charging and the discharging between bio-reactor.
Consider the number change in microalga cultivation process, the demand of light source and nutritive substance is also constantly being changed, can adopt the cultivating system of a plurality of bio-reactor series connection, for example, the system that adopts three bio-reactors to connect completes whole process of growth of micro-algae propagation and produce oil:
Appropriate algae kind is put into first step bio-reactor, and breeding is increased to some amount, enters second stage bio-reactor carry out further growth breeding by feed inlet and outlet, then enter again third stage bio-reactor, no longer breeding, only mainly carries out produce oil, and less breeding.
In the first step and second stage bio-reactor, be provided with the light-emitting device that emission wavelength is only applicable to being conducive to micro-algae propagation, and nutrition distribution device passes into the oxynitride such as ammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate as nitrogen phosphorus source in reaction vessel, add the elements such as iron, zinc simultaneously, gas distributor passes into oxynitride and CO2 in reaction vessel, in the bio-reactor of the second stage, luminous intensity and nutritive substance delivery rate are large compared with first step bio-reactor, to adapt to the growth demand of breeding micro-algae of increasing; In third stage bio-reactor, be provided with the light-emitting device that emission wavelength is only applicable to being conducive to micro-algae produce oil, PH and temperature etc. are adjusted to the condition that is applicable to micro-algae produce oil simultaneously, and nutrition distribution device does not provide nitrogenous source, gas distributor passes into CO2 in reaction vessel.
Bio-reactor not at the same level can be selected different sizes according to demand, and for example rear two-stage of the size of first step bio-reactor is less.
Micro-algae in first step bio-reactor is expelled to after the bio-reactor of the second stage, can pass into new algae kind to first step bio-reactor, carries out new round cultivation simultaneously.In order to improve the purity of algae kind, the micro-algae that can discharge from second stage bio-reactor, filter out part as the algae kind of first step bio-reactor.
Cultural method
The invention provides a kind of method of cultivating micro-algae, the method comprising the steps of:
1. built-in light source bio-reactor of the present invention is provided;
2. algae kind is invested in this built-in light source bio-reactor, to survive required nutriment (comprising nitrogenous source, phosphorus source, inorganic salt (such as iron, zinc) etc.) carbonic acid gas or air are provided of micro-algae is provided in reactor, open light-emitting device and produce the required light of micro algae growth.
Especially, the invention provides a kind ofly for cultivating the method for the micro-algae that produces biodiesel, the method comprising the steps of:
1. built-in light source bio-reactor of the present invention is provided;
2. algae kind is invested in this built-in light source bio-reactor, to survive required nutriment (comprising nitrogenous source, phosphorus source, inorganic salt (such as iron, zinc) etc.) carbonic acid gas or air are provided of micro-algae is provided in reactor, open light-emitting device and produce the required light of micro algae growth, wherein
In the first stage of micro algae growth, the light wavelength that luminescence unit sends is 350-900nm, preferably 570-800 and 400-500nm; In the subordinate phase of micro algae growth, the light wavelength that luminescence unit sends is 350-900nm, preferably 600-800 and 400-480nm.
Preferably, in first stage of micro algae growth and subordinate phase, adopt the light of different wave length as light source, coordinate the supply of nutritive substance and gas, micro-algae was mainly bred in the first stage, in subordinate phase, mainly carry out produce oil.For example, in the first stage, adopt ruddiness as light source and pass into nitrogenous source, and subordinate phase adopts blue light as light source and stop passing into nitrogenous source.
It is applicable to microorganism of the present invention and is not particularly limited, as long as can utilize light source to grow.Representational microorganism comprises (but being not limited to): the micro-algae of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Chrysophyta and rhodophyta.A kind of preferred microorganism is Nannochloropsis oceanica (Nannochloropsis limnetica) fresh water species.
Preparation method
The invention provides a kind of method of preparing biodiesel, the method adopts the micro-algae for the production of biodiesel of preparing by preceding method as raw material, processes, thereby makes biodiesel, and a kind of typical course of processing comprises step:
The method of utilizing filtration, press filtration or bubble to suspend is collected micro-algae, then by separated algae oil and frond after the method broken wall of cellulase hydrolysis and homogeneous, after extraction, leaching or press filtration, obtain pure algae oil, after employing ester-interchange method, solvent cut method or thermal decomposition method, obtain the biofuel that can be directly used in diesel motor.
Advantage of the present invention
Than prior art, the present invention has following major advantage:
1. bio-reactor of the prior art depends on outside natural light, and under the weak weather condition of overcast and rainy isocandela, micro-algae cannot obtain sufficient light source and slow down growth, and built-in light source bio-reactor of the present invention is not subject to the impact of Changes in weather;
2. prior art is not suitable for big pool cultivated, because only have the micro-algae that approaches pond upper surface could obtain more sufficient light source, and built-in a plurality of equally distributed light-emitting devices in bio-reactor of the present invention, and the gas distributor in bio-reactor of the present invention and nutrition distribution device are all conducive to being uniformly distributed of the interior nutritive substance of reaction vessel, make it possible to realize big pool cultivated, three-dimensional culture, improve cultivation efficiency;
3. bio-reactor of the present invention can adopt the conditions such as different built-in light sources and nutrition, temperature, PH according to the different growth phases of micro-algae, and micro-algae propagation is carried out stage by stage, and controllability is stronger, is conducive to realize stablize lasting batch production and produce;
4. the series connection of bio-reactor of the present invention and/or parallel system make the large-scale farming of micro-algae become more efficient.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, conventionally according to normal condition, or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.Unless otherwise indicated, otherwise per-cent and umber are weight percent and parts by weight.
In embodiment 1-3, adopt built-in light source bio-reactor of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 1
Choose conventional Nannochloropsis oceanica (Nannochloropsis limnetica) fresh water species, initial cultivation density is 0.1g/L, and reactor level is 80cm (sectional area is 1m * 1.5m).It is light source that first stage adopts the red-light LED of wavelength 706nm, and homo(io)thermism is 24 ℃, adds in advance the trace element fertilizers such as micro-ammonium phosphate and zinc, iron, and pass into respectively a certain amount of CO in nutrient solution
2(approximately 90%) and as NO or the NO of nitrogenous source
2deng oxynitride, after one hour, put into and put into algae kind by initial cultivation density, start cultivation.Within 36 hours, record biomass density later and increase to 6.86g/L (dry weight/solution, lower same), after 72 hours, record biomass density 9.71g/L, micro-algae in reactor is moved to another reactor, and (level is 80cm, sectional area is 2m * 3m) in, stop oxynitride supply, keep CO
2supply, using the blue-ray LED that wavelength is 450nm is light source, homo(io)thermism is 28 ℃, moves to another reactor after 24 hours, and water sampling detects, nitrogenous source exhausts substantially, biomass density is 10.64g/L, moves to another reactor after 72 hours, and biomass density increases to 12.88g/L, cultivation finishes, and amounts to 144 hours.
In visual inspection reactor, micro-algae is evenly distributed.After filtration, obtain micro-algae, after detecting, total lipid content (dry weight) is 45.08%, and triacylglycerol fatty acid ester (triglyceride level) accounts for total lipid content 89.6%, total effectively fat content 40.39%, total effectively fat content density 5.20g/L.
Embodiment 2
Choose Nannochloropsis oceanica (Nannochloropsis limnetica) fresh water species, initial cultivation density is 0.1g/L, and reactor level is 80cm (sectional area is 1m * 1.5m).It is light source that first stage adopts the blue-ray LED of wavelength 450nm, and homo(io)thermism is 24 ℃, adds in advance the trace element fertilizers such as micro-ammonium phosphate and zinc, iron, and pass into respectively a certain amount of CO in nutrient solution
2(approximately 90%) and as NO or the NO of nitrogenous source
2deng oxynitride, after one hour, put into and put into algae kind by initial cultivation density, start cultivation.Within 36 hours, record biomass density later and increase to 5.66g/L, after 72 hours, record biomass density 8.03g/L, micro-algae in reactor is moved in another reactor (level is 80cm, and sectional area is 2m * 3m), stop oxynitride supply, keep CO
2supply, using the red-light LED of wavelength 706nm is light source, homo(io)thermism is 30 ℃, moves to another reactor after 24 hours, and water sampling detects, nitrogenous source exhausts substantially, biomass density is 9.21g/L, moves to another reactor after 72 hours, and biomass density increases to 10.52g/L, cultivation finishes, and amounts to 144 hours.
In visual inspection reactor, micro-algae is evenly distributed.After filtration, obtain micro-algae, after detecting, total lipid content (dry weight) is 43.98%, and triacylglycerol fatty acid ester (triglyceride level) accounts for total lipid content 77.7%, total effectively fat content 34.17%, total effectively fat content density 3.59g/L.
Embodiment 3
Choose Nannochloropsis oceanica (Nannochloropsis limnetica) fresh water species, initial cultivation density is 0.1g/L, and reactor level is in 80cm (sectional area is 2m * 3m).It is light source that first stage adopts the red-light LED of wavelength 706nm, and homo(io)thermism is 24 ℃, adds in advance the trace element fertilizers such as micro-ammonium phosphate and zinc, iron, and pass into respectively a certain amount of CO in nutrient solution
2(approximately 90%) and as NO or the NO of nitrogenous source
2deng oxynitride, after one hour, put into and put into algae kind by initial cultivation density, start cultivation.Press certain hour sampling, measure biomass density.After 144 hours, cultivation finishes.
Result: record biomass density after 36 hours and increase to 6.86g/L, recording biomass density after 72 hours is 9.91g/L, and recording biomass density after 108 hours is 12.22g/L, after 144 hours, to record final biomass density after finishing be 14.34g/L in cultivation.In visual inspection reactor, micro-algae is evenly distributed.After filtration, obtain micro-algae, after detecting, total lipid content (dry weight) is 24.52%, and triacylglycerol fatty acid ester (triglyceride level) accounts for total lipid content 81.6%, total effectively fat content 20.01%, total effectively fat content density 2.45g/L.
Comparative example 1
Choose Nannochloropsis oceanica (Nannochloropsis limnetica) fresh water species, initial cultivation density is 0.1g/L, and reactor level is in 80cm (sectional area is 2m * 3m).Employing natural light is light source, and Laboratory culture adds in advance the trace element fertilizers such as micro-ammonium phosphate and zinc, iron, and passes into respectively a certain amount of CO in nutrient solution
2(approximately 90%) and as NO or the NO of nitrogenous source
2deng oxynitride, after 144 hours, cultivation finishes.Unless stated otherwise, other culture condition is with embodiment 1.
Result: the micro-algae density in naked-eye observation liquid level surface is obviously larger, and forms Guinier-Preston zone, recording final average biomass density is only 3.01g/L, total effectively fat content 19.99%, total effectively fat content density is only 0.60g/L.
Comparative example 2
Choose Nannochloropsis oceanica (Nannochloropsis limnetica) fresh water species, initial cultivation density is 0.1g/L, and reactor level is 80cm (sectional area is 2m * 3m).Employing natural light is light source, and Laboratory culture adds the trace element fertilizers such as micro-ammonium phosphate and zinc, iron in advance in nutrient solution, and passes into respectively a certain amount of air and as NO or the NO of nitrogenous source
2deng oxynitride, after 144 hours, cultivation finishes.Unless stated otherwise, other culture condition is with embodiment 1.
Result: the micro-algae density in naked-eye observation liquid level surface is obviously larger, and forms Guinier-Preston zone, recording final average biomass density is only 1.29g/L, total effectively fat content 28.32%, total effectively fat content density is only 0.37g/L.
More clearly, the contrast of the part of test results of above-described embodiment and comparative example is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| ? | Biomass density (g/L) | Total effectively fat content (%) | Total effectively fat content density (g/L) |
| Embodiment 1 | 12.88 | 40.39 | 5.20 |
| Embodiment 2 | 10.52 | 34.17 | 3.59 |
| Embodiment 3 | 14.34 | 20.01 | 2.45 |
| Comparative example 1 | 3.01 | 19.99 | 0.60 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.29 | 28.32 | 0.37 |
Conclusion
The experimental result of embodiment above and comparative example can be found out:
1. adopt the embodiment of the present invention of built-in light source than the comparative example that adopts natural light as light source, through the identical time (144 hours), as shown in table 1, biomass density has increased about 3-10 doubly, total effectively fat content density has increased about 4-14 doubly, and cultivation efficiency and produce oil efficiency all significantly improve;
2. in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, both culturing microalgae in different bio-reactors, carries out stage by stage and different steps adopts different light sources, in embodiment 3, micro-algae is cultivation under the same conditions all the time, from the result of these three embodiment, can find out, the total lipid content that micro-algae cultivates stage by stage and total effective fat content are all higher, and produce oil efficiency is high;
3. embodiment 1 is with the difference of embodiment 2, in embodiment 1, the first stage adopts ruddiness as light source, subordinate phase adopts blue light, in embodiment 2, the first stage adopts blue light, subordinate phase adopts ruddiness, from experimental result, can find out, the culture efficiency of embodiment 1 is better than embodiment 2, can think, for different algae kinds, in first stage and the subordinate phase of both culturing microalgae, adopt the light source of different wave length can cause the difference of result, can in above-mentioned two stages, select respectively that be applicable to, different light sources according to algae kind feature, thereby improve integral production efficiency.
All documents of mentioning in the present invention are all quoted as a reference in this application, just as each piece of document, are quoted as a reference separately.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read above-mentioned teachings of the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (10)
1. a built-in light source bio-reactor, is characterized in that, described built-in light source bio-reactor comprises:
Reaction vessel, described reaction vessel is provided with cover plate and described reaction vessel holds the nutrient solution for micro algae growth;
Charging/discharging device, described charging/discharging device and described reaction vessel are tightly connected;
Light-emitting device, described light-emitting device is located at reaction vessel interior and when the work of described reactor, described light-emitting device is immersed in described nutrient solution at least partly or all, thereby in reaction vessel, provide micro algae growth required light, the light intensity of the light that wherein said light-emitting device sends is uniformly or roughly uniform at the depth direction (Z-direction) of reaction vessel; With
Gas distributor, described gas distributor for providing micro algae growth required gas in described reaction vessel.
2. built-in light source bio-reactor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the surrounding of described reaction vessel is provided with temperature control unit, and described temperature control unit is for maintaining liquid environment temperature in reaction vessel within being applicable to the scope of micro algae growth; And/or
Described reactor is also provided with nutrition distribution device, and described nutrition distribution device for providing micro algae growth required nutrition in described reaction vessel; And/or
Described gas distributor is rotary gas distributor, is passing in the process of gas in reaction vessel, described rotary gas distributor rotation, thus impel gas and nutritive substance to be scattered in liquid culture system.
3. built-in light source bio-reactor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, built-in light source bio-reactor is also provided with Monitoring systems, and for monitoring the parameter of described liquid environment, described parameter is selected from: pH value, temperature and/or nutriment concentration.
4. built-in light source bio-reactor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described light-emitting device comprises light guiding plate and luminescence unit, and the light transmission light guiding plate conduction that described luminescence unit produces makes light guiding plate Integral luminous.
5. built-in light source bio-reactor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described light-emitting device also comprises support, and described support is for light guiding plate described in fixed support, described support is removably connected with described reaction vessel and/or described cover plate, and described luminescence unit is embedded in described light guiding plate; And/or
The light of at least 2 different wave lengths of transmitting during described light-emitting device work; And/or
The colour temperature of the complex light that described luminescence unit sends is 1000-20000K, preferably 1500-6000K; And/or
In described light-emitting device, luminescence unit is LED, and the quantity of LED is 1-10000/ light guiding plate; It is preferably 10-1000/ light guiding plate.
6. produce a cultivation equipment, it is characterized in that, it comprises two or more built-in light source bio-reactors claimed in claim 1.
7. a cultural method, is characterized in that, comprises step:
(a) provide built-in light source bio-reactor claimed in claim 1;
(b) in described built-in light source bio-reactor, cultivate micro-algae.
8. for the preparation of a method of producing micro-algae of biodiesel, it is characterized in that, comprise step:
(a) provide built-in light source bio-reactor claimed in claim 1;
(b) in described built-in light source bio-reactor, cultivate the micro-algae for the production of biodiesel,
Wherein, described cultivation comprises the first cultivation stage and the second cultivation stage, and in the first stage of micro algae growth, the light wavelength that described luminescence unit sends is 350-900nm, preferably 570-800 and 400-500nm; In the subordinate phase of micro algae growth, the light wavelength that described luminescence unit sends is 350-900nm, preferably 600-800 and 400-480nm;
(c) from described built-in light source bio-reactor, reclaim described micro-algae.
9. a micro-algae that can be used for producing biodiesel, is characterized in that, described micro-algae is prepared by method claimed in claim 8.
10. a method of preparing biodiesel, is characterized in that, comprises step: the micro-algae that can be used for producing biodiesel claimed in claim 9 is processed as raw material, thereby make biodiesel.
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