CN112919641B - Method and treatment device for denitrification and dephosphorization by utilizing microalgae - Google Patents
Method and treatment device for denitrification and dephosphorization by utilizing microalgae Download PDFInfo
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- CN112919641B CN112919641B CN202110307456.2A CN202110307456A CN112919641B CN 112919641 B CN112919641 B CN 112919641B CN 202110307456 A CN202110307456 A CN 202110307456A CN 112919641 B CN112919641 B CN 112919641B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000195663 Scenedesmus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/02—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment and discloses a treatment device for denitrification and dephosphorization by utilizing microalgae, which comprises a transparent tank body, wherein a diversion tank body is suspended in the transparent tank body, and an internal circulation channel is formed between the transparent tank body and the tank wall of the diversion tank body; the outer wall of the transparent tank body is provided with a transparent coil pipe for external circulation of the tank body, the liquid inlet end of the transparent coil pipe is communicated with the bottom of the transparent tank body, and the liquid outlet end of the transparent coil pipe is positioned above the guide plate; the tank bottom of the transparent tank body is provided with a microporous aerator, and a plurality of full-spectrum LED lamp strips are arranged on the periphery of the outer wall of the transparent tank body along the length direction of the tank body in an array manner. The invention also provides a method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus by utilizing the microalgae. The treatment device provided by the invention can provide a good growth environment for microalgae, is suitable for treating sewage containing high nitrogen and high phosphorus, can realize the recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the sewage, and reduces the treatment cost of the sewage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a method and a treatment device for denitrification and dephosphorization by utilizing microalgae.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous promotion of industrialization and modernization processes in China, the annual sewage discharge is continuously increasing. More and more industrial products, such as detergents, coloring agents, pesticides, fertilizers and the like, enter our production and living, and elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like which cause eutrophication of water bodies enter natural water bodies in large quantities. Eutrophication of water body has become one of the most serious environmental problems in the world, and the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in natural water body can cause rapid propagation of algae, which threatens the living environment of aquatic animals and plants and has great negative influence on the stability and biodiversity of an ecological system. Meanwhile, elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like can pollute drinking water source areas and harm the health of human beings.
At present, compared with the physical and chemical denitrification and dephosphorization technology, biological denitrification and dephosphorization has the advantages of low cost, small secondary pollution and sustainable congenital advantages. However, in the denitrification process, the biological denitrification has higher requirements on the BOD content in the water body, and the denitrification efficiency is difficult to be ensured especially under the condition of lower C/N, and organic carbon sources such as methanol, glucose and the like are generally required to be additionally added, so that the operation cost of a sewage treatment plant is greatly increased. Meanwhile, the nitrification process needs enough aeration to support, so that the energy consumption of a sewage treatment plant is high.
Biological phosphorus removal has the following problems: firstly, the anaerobic and aerobic alternate environments are difficult to accurately control, which results in that the enrichment amount and the biological activity (especially the biological activity of phosphorus absorption) of phosphorus accumulating bacteria can not reach ideal levels. Secondly, the phosphorus removal rate of biological phosphorus absorption is lower, and when the phosphorus concentration of the inlet water is higher or the phosphorus concentration of the outlet water is severely required (such as the first-level A standard), a chemical phosphorus removal process is often required to be matched, so that the operation cost of the phosphorus removal process is greatly increased.
Microalgae are a collective term for a group of algae which have a small volume and proliferate rapidly and can perform photosynthesis. The microalgae have great potential economic value, the oil-rich microalgae contain higher biological oil, the substances can be used as raw materials for preparing biodiesel, and compared with land plants for preparing the biological oil, the microalgae have the advantages of high light energy conversion rate, high growth speed and high space utilization rate. However, the cost of producing biodiesel by culturing microalgae with the culture solution is still high, and the biodiesel has no economic advantage compared with the traditional fossil fuel. The protein-rich microalgae cultivated by screening and domestication has higher protein content which can reach 42% of the dry weight of the microalgae. The protein of the microalgae belongs to high-quality protein, has a composition closer to that of animal protein and is easy to digest and absorb by animals, so that the protein can be used as feed for livestock and poultry cultivation.
The use of sewage rich in nitrogen and phosphorus as a culture solution for culturing microalgae has great research and application prospects, and numerous researches have shown that the microalgae can be enriched and grown in various waste water without adding nutrient salts, such as municipal sewage, culture waste water, meat food processing waste water and the like, and has high absorption and utilization effects on BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus in the waste water. Therefore, we propose a method and a treatment device for nitrogen and phosphorus removal by utilizing microalgae, which can simultaneously realize nitrogen and phosphorus removal of sewage and recycling of biological resources by purifying sewage rich in nitrogen and phosphorus by utilizing microalgae, thereby greatly reducing the treatment cost of nitrogen and phosphorus removal of sewage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of high energy consumption, strict control condition requirements, high operation cost, low biological dephosphorization efficiency and low sewage recycling utilization rate of the existing biological denitrification dephosphorization technology, and provides a method and a treatment device for denitrification dephosphorization by utilizing microalgae.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for denitrification and dephosphorization by utilizing microalgae is designed and comprises the following steps:
screening single scenedesmus and single chlorella from the enriched and cultivated algae, then respectively carrying out primary enrichment culture in a conical flask filled with simulated high-nitrogen high-phosphorus sewage under the irradiation of a full-spectrum LED light source, simultaneously observing the attenuation condition of nitrogen and total phosphorus concentration, screening out algae strains with high proliferation rate, high pollutant removal rate and high protein or biological oil content, and carrying out further enrichment culture;
the two enrichment culture modes specifically comprise the following steps:
s1, selecting a conical flask with the volume of 500mL, and containing 350mL of nitrogen mixed solution with the concentration of 200mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration of 10mg/L, the methanol concentration of 80mg/L and the pH of 6-9;
s2, aerating by adopting an air source microporous aerator, wherein a full spectrum LED lamp is adopted as a light source, and the culture temperature is 18-25 ℃, so that preliminary primary enrichment culture is completed;
s3, when enrichment culture is further carried out, the volume of the conical flask is 1000mL, and the rest culture conditions are kept unchanged, so that the second enrichment culture is completed;
step 2, adding the scenedesmus and the chlorella which are subjected to further enrichment culture into a microalgae denitrification and dephosphorization treatment device according to the proportion of 2:1, wherein the concentration of inoculated microalgae seeds is 0.4-0.6 g/L; the proper proportion and concentration of the microalgae are beneficial to the rapid increment of the algae and the efficient utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the sewage by the treatment device.
And step 3, under the irradiation of the full-spectrum LED light source, the processing device adopts a batch water inlet operation mode to perform the operation of in-tank circulation and out-tank circulation of the microalgae sewage mixed liquid.
And 4, when the concentration of microalgae in each batch reaches 2.5-3.0 g/L, conveying the microalgae into a separation node of the microalgae and the sewage by the treatment device, and keeping 15-20% of microalgae sewage mixed liquid in the treatment device and mixing with the sewage which enters later. The node of batch operation can be controlled by adopting an illumination intensity attenuation method, and the standard is that the illumination intensity attenuation amount of the center of the transparent tank body 1 exceeds 95% of the original illumination intensity. The proliferation rate of microalgae can be measured by the increase of microalgae concentration or the attenuation of the illumination intensity of the transparent tank 1. Research shows that the proliferation rate of microalgae is maximum when the concentration of the microalgae is 1.8-2.1 g/L under the condition that other growth conditions are unchanged, and the concentration increase rate of the microalgae can reach 3.5-6% per day. The separation node of the microalgae and the sewage after the increment and the concentration of the reserved microalgae are controlled to be as far as possible within the maximum proliferation rate interval of the microalgae, and the maximum proliferation rate interval of the microalgae is also the maximum removal rate interval of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the sewage. The ratio of the separation control node to the reserved microalgae can exert the efficacy of the microalgae in photosynthesis resource utilization and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutant reduction to the greatest extent.
Further, in the step 1 and the step 3, each lighting unit of the full spectrum LED light source used for formal operation of the conical flask enrichment culture and processing device is formed by combining four lamps of red, green, blue and white, the main wavelength band is 430-680 nm, the three peak wavelengths in the interval are 455nm, 510nm and 630nm respectively, the illumination intensity is controlled to 5500-6500 lux, and the illumination time is controlled to 12-16 h/d. The absorption spectrum of chlorophyll is in two areas of 400-520 nm (blue light) and 610-720 nm (red light). The peak value and the area of the light output spectrum have good coincidence with the absorption peak value of chlorophyll, which is beneficial to the photosynthesis of microalgae and the accumulation of protein and fat in microalgae cells. For microalgae cells, the greater the illumination intensity is, the better. When the illumination intensity reaches a certain value, the light saturation phenomenon can occur, the continuous increase of the light intensity only can lead to the reduction of the light utilization rate, even the photooxidation phenomenon, the damage of the photoreceptors of the microalgae cells and the reduction of the photosynthesis efficiency of the microalgae cells.
Further, in the step 2, the pH of the inlet water of the treatment device is controlled to be 6-9, the temperature is controlled to be 18-25 ℃, and the COD, TN and TP concentration of the inlet water are respectively controlled to be 200-450 mg/L, 50-220 mg/L and 10-60 mg/L in order to ensure the yield of protein and grease in the microalgae. Through researches, the proper nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations can promote the proliferation of microalgae and the synthesis of biomass. Meanwhile, the heterotrophic growth can be realized, and organic matters in the sewage can be absorbed and utilized by microalgae. Research shows that the organic matters with proper concentration in the sewage can obviously increase the synthesis of microalgae cell biological grease, and compared with microalgae without organic matters, the content of grease can be increased by 110% -350%.
The invention also provides a treatment device for removing nitrogen and phosphorus by utilizing microalgae, which comprises a transparent tank body 1, wherein a discharge opening 12 is arranged at one side of the bottom of the transparent tank body 1, a diversion tank body 2 is suspended in the transparent tank body 1, and a gap is arranged between the transparent tank body 1 and the tank wall of the diversion tank body 2 so as to form a tank body circulation channel with a magnetic field structure;
the top of the transparent tank body 1 is provided with a hanging mechanism for hanging and supporting the diversion tank body 2, and a diversion plate 4 for diversion at the top of circulating liquid in the tank body is arranged in the hanging mechanism;
the outer wall of the transparent tank body 1 is provided with a transparent coil pipe 3 for tank external circulation, a material pump 7 for driving the tank external circulation is arranged on the transparent coil pipe 3, a liquid inlet end 31 of the transparent coil pipe 3 is communicated with the bottom of the transparent tank body 1, and a liquid outlet end 32 of the transparent coil pipe 3 is positioned above the guide plate 4;
the bottom of the transparent tank body 1 is provided with a micro-pore aerator 5 for driving the circulation in the tank body, the micro-pore aerator 5 is in a disc-shaped structure and is positioned at the bottom opening position of the diversion tank body 2, the micro-pore aerator 5 is communicated with an aeration pipe 51, the bottom of the diversion tank body 2 is provided with a flared opening 25 in a horn shape, the flared opening 25 covers the upper part of the micro-pore aerator 5, and the flared opening 25 can enable bubbles generated by the micro-pore aerator 5 to enter the diversion tank body 2 and can better promote the circulation in the tank of the transparent tank body 1;
a plurality of full-spectrum LED lamp strips 6 are arranged on the periphery of the outer wall of the transparent tank body 1 along the length direction of the tank body in an array mode, and the LED lamp strips 6 are powered by the outside;
also included is a valve 8, said valve 8 being mounted on said discharge opening 12 and transparent coil 3.
Furthermore, the transparent coil pipes 3 are closely arranged on the outer wall of the transparent tank body 1 without leaving gaps.
Further, the suspension mechanism comprises a fixing bracket 41 which is used for supporting the guide plate 4, the fixing bracket 41 is fixedly arranged on the transparent tank body 1, a suspension rod 42 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the guide plate 4, the tail end of the suspension rod 42 is connected with a suspension bracket 21 through a bearing 22, the suspension bracket 21 is fixed at the top of the guide tank body 2, and the transparent tank body 1, the guide tank body 2 and the suspension rod 42 are coaxially connected.
Further, the outer wall and the inner wall of the diversion tank body 2 are respectively provided with an outer spiral plate 23 and an inner spiral plate 24 along the length direction, and the outer spiral plate 23 and the inner spiral plate 24 are obliquely arranged towards the internal circulation flow direction of the located liquid.
Further, the aeration intensity of the microporous aerator is controlled to be 0.6-1.3 m 3 /(m 2 H) the microporous aerator initially forms bubbles with an average diameter of not more than 0.5mm, which are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the diversion tank.
Further, the height-diameter ratio of the effective volume part of the transparent tank body is 6-8:1.
Furthermore, the inner diameter of the transparent coil pipe is required to ensure that the water flow speed in the hose is 0.5-1.5 m/s, and the time for changing the sewage batch through the pipeline is controlled to be 1.5-2 h.
The method and the treatment device for removing nitrogen and phosphorus by utilizing microalgae provided by the invention have the beneficial effects that:
(1) Compared with the traditional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology, the sewage nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology using microalgae has high operation stability, stable operation in a test state for more than 153 days, high nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate of 77.6 percent and 83.5 percent. And the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the sewage can be converted into protein and biological grease through photosynthesis, and the separated microalgae can be used as raw materials of culture feed or biodiesel, so that the recycling of the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the sewage is realized, and the sewage treatment cost is further reduced.
(2) The processing device provided by the invention can improve the utilization efficiency of microalgae to light sources, and the place for microalgae photosynthesis in the device is mainly composed of a transparent tank body and a transparent coil pipe, and the LED light sources are surrounded by the transparent tank body and the transparent coil pipe, so that light loss is avoided as much as possible. The smaller tube diameter of the transparent coil is easily penetrated by light, so that sufficient and stable illumination can be provided for microalgae, and the longer tube diameter ensures the duration of the sufficient and stable illumination.
(3) The arrangement of the microporous aeration disc not only provides sufficient and continuous CO for microalgae photosynthesis 2 The continuously rising bubbles can stir the microalgae sewage mixed solution to prevent microalgae from gathering or precipitating, so that the microalgae are uniformly distributed in the sewage, and the mass transfer process is promoted.
(4) When the treatment device runs in batches, the control of the microalgae and sewage separation nodes and the determination of the microalgae retention amount can maintain the bioactivity of the microalgae within the range of the maximum proliferation rate, so that the efficiency of the microalgae in photosynthesis recycling and reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in sewage is furthest exerted.
(5) The influence of various indexes of the inlet water, such as pH, temperature, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and organic matters on microalgae activity and biomass synthesis is researched through experiments, the inlet water condition and the operation condition of the treatment device are disclosed, and the guidance of the operation parameters is provided for the commercialization application of the treatment device.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 2 about point A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal and external circulation structures of the treatment device according to the present invention;
marked in the figure as: the transparent tank body 1, the base 11, the discharge opening 12, the diversion tank body 2, the hanging frame 21, the bearing 22, the outer spiral plate 23, the inner spiral plate 24, the flaring 25, the transparent coil pipe 3, the liquid inlet end 31, the liquid outlet end 32, the diversion plate 4, the fixed support 41, the hanging rod 42, the microporous aerator 5, the aeration pipe 51, the LED lamp strip 6, the material pump 7 and the valve 8.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. These examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "provided," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The structural features of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a treatment device for denitrification and dephosphorization by microalgae comprises a transparent tank body 1, wherein a discharge opening 12 is arranged at one side of the bottom of the transparent tank body 1, microalgae sewage mixed liquid to be discharged is discharged through the discharge opening 12, microalgae and purified sewage are separated by filtration, a diversion tank body 2 is suspended in the transparent tank body 1, and a gap is arranged between the transparent tank body 1 and the tank wall of the diversion tank body 2 so as to form a tank body circulation channel with a magnetic field structure.
Referring to fig. 2-4, a suspension mechanism for suspending and supporting the diversion tank 2 is arranged at the top of the transparent tank 1, and a diversion plate 4 for diversion at the top of circulating liquid in the tank is arranged in the suspension mechanism. The suspension mechanism comprises a fixed support 41 which is used for supporting the guide plate 4, the fixed support 41 is fixedly arranged on the transparent tank body 1, a suspension rod 42 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the guide plate 4, the tail end of the suspension rod 42 is connected with a suspension bracket 21 through a bearing 22, the suspension bracket 21 is fixed at the top of the guide tank body 2, and the transparent tank body 1, the guide tank body 2 and the suspension rod 42 are coaxially connected, so that the guide tank body 2 can rotate in the transparent tank body 1 under the connection of the suspension mechanism.
Referring to fig. 2-4, the outer wall and the inner wall of the diversion tank body 2 are respectively provided with an outer spiral plate 23 and an inner spiral plate 24 along the length direction, the outer spiral plate 23 and the inner spiral plate 24 are obliquely arranged towards the inner circulation flow direction of the located liquid, when the transparent tank body 1 circulates internally, the flowing liquid drives the outer spiral plate 23 and the inner spiral plate 24 to drive the diversion tank body 2 to rotate, the diversion tank body 2 after rotation can play a stirring role on microalgae flowing through the outer spiral plate 23 and the inner spiral plate 24, on one hand, the microalgae can be more uniformly distributed in sewage, in addition, the microalgae under stirring are more beneficial to receiving illumination, and the efficiency of denitrification and dephosphorization is improved.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the outer wall of the transparent tank body 1 is provided with a transparent coil pipe 3 for external circulation of the tank body, the transparent coil pipe 3 is tightly arranged on the outer wall of the transparent tank body 1 without leaving a gap, and the transparent coil pipe 3 adopts a PVC hose with better light transmittance. The transparent coil pipe 3 is provided with a material pump 7 for driving the tank body to circulate outside, the liquid inlet end 31 of the transparent coil pipe 3 is communicated with the bottom of the transparent tank body 1, and the liquid outlet end 32 of the transparent coil pipe 3 is positioned above the guide plate 4.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, a microporous aerator 5 for driving the circulation in the tank body is arranged at the tank bottom of the transparent tank body 1, the microporous aerator 5 is in a disc-shaped structure and is positioned at the bottom opening position of the diversion tank body 2, and the microporous aerator 5 is communicated with an aeration pipe 51. Aeration intensity control of microporous aerator 5At 0.6-1.3 m 3 /(m 2 H), the average diameter of the bubbles formed by the microporous aerator 5 is not more than 0.5mm, the bubbles are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the diversion tank body 2, and oxygen for photosynthesis can be provided for microalgae through aeration, and researches show that CO in the microalgae sewage mixed solution 2 The photosynthetic synthetic oil of microalgae has highest efficiency when the content is 2%. In addition, aeration can promote the uniform mixing of microalgae and sewage, prevent microalgae precipitation and strengthen mass transfer. However, too high aeration intensity may cause damage to microalgae cells, thereby reducing the biological activity of microalgae.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, a plurality of full-spectrum LED lamp strips 6 are arranged on the periphery of the outer wall of the transparent tank body 1 along the length direction of the tank body in an array mode, and the LED lamp strips 6 are powered from the outside.
Referring to fig. 4, a valve 8 is also included, the valve 8 being mounted on the discharge opening 12 and the transparent coil 3.
The inner circulation principle of the transparent tank body 1 is that microalgae sewage mixed liquid in the transparent tank body 1 rises under the action of bubbles of the microporous aerator 5, and then flows downwards from a gap between the transparent tank body 1 and the diversion tank body 2 under the action of the diversion plate 4, so that the inner circulation of the transparent tank body 1 is completed.
The outer circulation principle of the transparent tank body 1 is that microalgae sewage mixed liquid in the transparent tank body 1 is pumped into a transparent coil pipe 3 wound on the outer side of the transparent tank body 1 through a material pump 7, the transparent coil pipe 3 is a soft transparent PVC pipe so as to be wound on the outer side of the transparent tank body 1, the microalgae mixed liquid in the transparent coil pipe 3 flows from bottom to top, and finally flows back into the transparent tank body 1 to complete the inner circulation of the transparent tank body 1.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for denitrification and dephosphorization by utilizing microalgae, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The enrichment culture mode of microalgae for inoculation of the treatment device is as follows: the volume of the conical flask for preliminary enrichment culture is 500mL, the volume of the mixed solution of nitrogen and phosphate is 350mL, the concentration of nitrogen is 200mg/L, the concentration of total phosphorus is 10mg/L, the concentration of BOD (methanol) is 80mg/L, and the pH is 7.5. An air source microporous aerator is adopted for aeration, a full spectrum LED lamp is adopted as a light source, the illumination intensity is 6000lux, the illumination time per day is 12 hours, and the culture temperature is 22 ℃. The volume of the conical flask is 1000mL during further enrichment culture, and the rest culture conditions are kept unchanged. The concentration of the inoculated microalgae was 0.6g/L.
(2) The adopted treatment device comprises a transparent tank body 1 made of organic glass; the outside of the transparent tank body 1 is stuck with a full spectrum LED lamp strip 6; a transparent coil pipe 3 of a transparent PVC hose is spirally wound on the outer sides of the whole transparent tank body 1 and the LED lamp strip 6; the transparent tank body 1 is internally provided with a diversion tank body 2 and a diversion plate 4; a disc-shaped microporous aerator 5 is arranged at the bottom of the transparent tank body 1; the transparent coil pipe 3 is connected with the transparent tank body 1 through a material pump 7; the bottom of the transparent tank body 1 is also provided with a discharge opening 2 for discharging the microalgae sewage mixed liquid. The aspect ratio of the processing device was 8:1. The water flow speed in the transparent coil pipe 3 is controlled to be 1m/s, and the time for replacing batch sewage through the transparent coil pipe 3 is 1.5h. The illumination intensity of the full spectrum LED lamp is controlled at 6000lux, and the illumination time is 12h. The aeration intensity of the aeration disc is 0.8m < 3 >/(m < 2 >. H). The microalgae and sewage separation node is controlled to control the concentration of the microalgae to be 2.8g/L, and 15% of microalgae sewage mixed liquid in each batch is reserved in the treatment device. The pH, temperature and TN, TP, COD concentration of the inlet water of the treatment device are 7.5, 22 ℃, 150mg/L, 20mg/L and 200mg/L respectively.
(3) The operation steps of the processing device are as follows: the microalgae sewage mixed liquid in the transparent tank body 1 rises under the action of bubbles of the microporous aerator 5, and then flows downwards from the guide plate 4 and the inner wall of the transparent tank body 1 under the action of the guide plate 4, so that the internal circulation of the transparent tank body 1 is completed. The microalgae sewage mixed liquid in the transparent tank body 1 is pumped into the transparent coil 3 wound on the outer sides of the transparent tank body 1 and the LED lamp strip 6 through the material pump 7, the microalgae mixed liquid in the transparent coil 3 flows from bottom to top, and finally flows back into the transparent tank body 1 from the top of the transparent tank body 1, so that the internal circulation of the transparent tank body 1 is completed. The microalgae sewage mixed solution to be discharged is discharged through a discharge opening 2, and the separation of microalgae and purified sewage is completed through filtration. The operation mode of the treatment device is batch operation, the microalgae and sewage separation program is fed into the treatment device at the end of each batch operation, and a certain amount of microalgae sewage mixed liquid is reserved in the treatment device.
Example 2
The structural dimensions and operating parameters of the microalgae enrichment culture, inoculation and treatment device are the same as those of example 1, except that the illumination intensity of the treatment device is: the illumination intensity of the full spectrum LED lamp is controlled to 6500lux.
Example 3
The structural dimensions and operating parameters of the microalgae enrichment culture, inoculation and treatment device are the same as those of example 1, except that the illumination intensity of the treatment device is: the illumination intensity of the full spectrum LED lamp is controlled at 5500lux.
Example 4
The structural dimensions and operating parameters of the microalgae enrichment culture, inoculation and treatment device are the same as those of example 1, except that the illumination intensity of the treatment device is: the COD concentration of the inlet water is reduced to 0.
After batch processing by the processing device, the removal conditions of TN, TP and COD of sewage separated from microalgae are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 batch runs TN, TP and COD removal rates
After batch processing by the processing device, the protein and biological oil contents of microalgae (dry weight) separated from sewage are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 microalgae protein and biological lipid content
From the application example, the method and the treatment device for removing nitrogen and phosphorus by utilizing microalgae provided by the invention can obtain higher removal rate in removing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants, and are suitable for the situations of high nitrogen and high COD of inflow water. The data in Table 1 shows that the removal rates of TN and TP by the treatment apparatus under the conditions of example 4 were 77.6% and 83.5%, respectively. The method provided by the invention can be used as a pretreatment process of traditional biological denitrification and dephosphorization, and can reduce the concentration of TN and TP of the inflowing water to a great extent. As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, whether the inflow water contains COD has little influence on TN and TP removal rate of the inflow water, but the existence of COD can greatly increase the content of biological oil in microalgae, and compared with example 2 and example 4 in Table 2, the content of biological oil in microalgae after COD addition is increased from 6.9g/100g to 44.7g/100g, and the increase is quite obvious. In summary, the method and the treatment device for removing nitrogen and phosphorus by utilizing microalgae provided by the invention not only can realize high-efficiency nitrogen and phosphorus removal of high-nitrogen and high-phosphorus sewage, but also can convert nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants into protein and biological grease resources through photosynthesis, realize recycling of the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants and reduce the treatment cost of sewage.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus by utilizing microalgae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
screening single scenedesmus and single chlorella from the enriched and cultivated algae, then respectively carrying out primary enrichment culture in a conical flask filled with simulated high-nitrogen high-phosphorus sewage under the irradiation of a full-spectrum LED light source, simultaneously observing the attenuation condition of nitrogen and total phosphorus concentration, screening out algae strains with high proliferation rate, high pollutant removal rate and high protein or biological oil content, and carrying out further enrichment culture;
the two enrichment culture modes specifically comprise the following steps:
s1, selecting a conical flask with the volume of 500mL, and containing 350mL of nitrogen mixed solution with the concentration of 200mg/L, the total phosphorus concentration of 10mg/L, the methanol concentration of 80mg/L and the pH of 6-9;
s2, performing aeration by adopting an air source microporous aerator, wherein a full spectrum LED lamp is adopted as a light source, the culture temperature is 18-25 ℃, and primary enrichment culture is completed;
s3, when enrichment culture is further carried out, the volume of the conical flask is 1000mL, and the rest culture conditions are kept unchanged, so that the second enrichment culture is completed;
step 2, adding the scenedesmus and the chlorella which are subjected to further enrichment culture into a microalgae denitrification and dephosphorization treatment device in a ratio of 2:1, wherein the concentration of inoculated microalgae seeds is 0.4-0.6 g/L;
step 3, under the irradiation of a full spectrum LED light source, the processing device adopts a batch water inlet operation mode to perform the operation of in-tank circulation and out-tank circulation of the microalgae sewage mixed solution;
step 4, when the concentration of microalgae in each batch reaches 2.5-3.0 g/L, conveying the microalgae into a separating node of microalgae and sewage by a treatment device, and keeping 15% -20% of microalgae sewage mixed liquid in the treatment device and mixing with the sewage which enters later;
wherein, each lighting unit of the full spectrum LED light source used by the cone flask enrichment culture and processing device in formal operation is formed by combining four lamps of red, green, blue and white, the main wavelength band is 430-680 nm, the three peak wavelengths in the interval are 455nm, 510nm and 630nm respectively, the illumination intensity is controlled to 5500-6500 lux, and the illumination time is controlled to 12-16 h/d;
the treatment device for removing nitrogen and phosphorus by utilizing microalgae comprises a transparent tank body (1), wherein a discharge opening (12) is formed in one side of the bottom of the transparent tank body (1), a diversion tank body (2) is suspended in the transparent tank body (1), and a gap is formed between the transparent tank body (1) and the tank wall of the diversion tank body (2) so as to form a tank body circulation channel with a magnetic field structure;
the top of the transparent tank body (1) is provided with a hanging mechanism for hanging and supporting the diversion tank body (2), a diversion plate (4) for diversion of the top of circulating liquid in the tank body is arranged in the hanging mechanism, the hanging mechanism comprises a fixing bracket (41) which is used for supporting the diversion plate (4), the fixing bracket (41) is fixedly arranged on the transparent tank body (1), the bottom of the diversion plate (4) is fixedly provided with a hanging rod (42), the tail end of the hanging rod (42) is connected with a hanging frame (21) through a bearing (22), the hanging frame (21) is fixed at the top of the diversion tank body (2), and the transparent tank body (1), the diversion tank body (2) and the hanging rod (42) are in coaxial relation;
the outer wall and the inner wall of the diversion tank body (2) are respectively provided with an outer spiral plate (23) and an inner spiral plate (24) along the length direction, and the outer spiral plate (23) and the inner spiral plate (24) are obliquely arranged towards the inner circulation flow direction of the liquid;
the outer wall of the transparent tank body (1) is provided with a transparent coil pipe (3) for tank external circulation, a material pump (7) for driving the tank external circulation is arranged on the transparent coil pipe (3), a liquid inlet end (31) of the transparent coil pipe (3) is communicated with the bottom of the transparent tank body (1), and a liquid outlet end (32) of the transparent coil pipe (3) is positioned above the guide plate (4);
the bottom of the transparent tank body (1) is provided with a micro-pore aerator (5) for driving the circulation in the tank body, the micro-pore aerator (5) is in a disc-shaped structure and is positioned at the bottom opening position of the diversion tank body (2), and the micro-pore aerator (5) is communicated with an aeration pipe (51);
a plurality of full-spectrum LED lamp strips (6) are arranged on the periphery of the outer wall of the transparent tank body (1) along the length direction of the tank body in an array mode, and the LED lamp strips (6) are powered by the outside;
the device also comprises a valve (8), wherein the valve (8) is arranged on the discharge opening (12) and the transparent coil pipe (3).
2. The method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using microalgae according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the pH of the inlet water of the treatment device is controlled to be 6-9, the temperature is controlled to be 18-25 ℃, and the COD, TN and TP concentrations of the inlet water are controlled to be 200-450 mg/L, 50-220 mg/L and 10-60 mg/L respectively in order to ensure the yield of protein and grease in the microalgae.
3. The method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using microalgae according to claim 1, wherein the transparent coil (3) is tightly arranged on the outer wall of the transparent tank (1) without gaps.
4. The method for denitrification and dephosphorization by microalgae according to claim 1, wherein the aeration intensity of the microporous aerator (5) is controlled to be 0.6-1.3 m 3 /(m 2 H), the average diameter of the bubbles formed by the microporous aerator (5) is not more than 0.5mm, and the bubbles are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the diversion tank body (2).
5. The method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using microalgae according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the height to the diameter of the effective volume part of the transparent tank body (1) is 6-8:1.
6. The method for denitrification and dephosphorization by using microalgae according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the transparent coil (3) is required to ensure that the water flow speed in the hose is 0.5-1.5 m/s, and the time for changing the sewage batch by the pipeline is controlled to be 1.5-2 h.
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| CN114620835B (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2023-03-31 | 济南市环境研究院(济南市黄河流域生态保护促进中心) | Nitrogen and phosphorus capturing device and method for sewage treatment |
| CN114620904B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-09-05 | 江苏省镇江环境监测中心 | Spiral type phagostimulant bed sewage deep purification device |
| CN115159771B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2024-02-27 | 科盛环保科技股份有限公司 | Water environment restoration device and technology |
| CN116589028B (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2024-02-20 | 浙江路弘科技有限公司 | Hydrodynamic cavitation generator and cavitation method |
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