CN113006823B - Rapid supporting system for double-shield TBM fractured rock section and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Rapid supporting system for double-shield TBM fractured rock section and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113006823B CN113006823B CN202110260795.XA CN202110260795A CN113006823B CN 113006823 B CN113006823 B CN 113006823B CN 202110260795 A CN202110260795 A CN 202110260795A CN 113006823 B CN113006823 B CN 113006823B
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- grouting
- pipe piece
- grout
- air bag
- cover plate
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
- E21D9/0873—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-shield TBM (Tunnel boring machine) fractured rock segment rapid supporting system which comprises a grout stopping ring formed by splicing grout stopping segments, and a middle pipe formed by splicing middle segments, wherein the middle pipe is made of high-performance self-compaction concrete, a drill rod and a cover plate; the grout stopping pipe piece outside set up the recess with the equal length of section of jurisdiction, the recess in be equipped with the gasbag, connect through a plurality of intermediate pipes between two adjacent grout stopping pipes, the drilling rod pass grout stopping pipe piece or intermediate pipe piece stretch into in the crack rock section, the both sides of apron are installed on grout stopping pipe inner wall, the apron forms the grout space with grout stopping pipe inside, the grout space intussuseption is filled with concrete and is formed the concrete foundation, the upper end and the apron are fixed, the drilling rod be hollow structure, be equipped with the play thick liquid hole on the drilling rod. The invention has simple working procedure, high construction efficiency, compact molding at one time, high construction quality, no need of large-scale recharging in the later period, greatly reduced manpower and material resources required by the technology, obviously reduced construction energy consumption and outstanding environmental protection effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of double-shield TBM construction, and particularly relates to a double-shield TBM fractured rock segment rapid support system and a construction method thereof.
Background
The double-shield TBM has the advantages of high tunneling efficiency, safe construction, adaptability to hard rock geological conditions and the like, and is a preferred tunneling mode of a hard rock tunnel. In the engineering, a small part of sections in the tunneling process of the double-shield TBM have fractured rock stratum, so that the conditions of water flushing and insufficient rock stratum strength are easy to occur.
In the traditional tunneling process of the traditional double-shield TBM tunnel engineering, a gap between a tunnel and surrounding rock is often adopted, and a bean gravel backfilling process is often adopted. The backfilling is not tight due to the fact that the conventional backfilling mode of the fissure exists in the fissure rock stratum, the void phenomenon is obvious, the backfilling compactness is difficult to guarantee, the construction efficiency is low, the large-scale water seepage phenomenon of the tunnel lining is common, the high-performance self-compaction concrete backfilling mode of the air bag blocking is combined with the air bag unit, the air bag is used for filling gaps between the duct piece and the surrounding rock, an air bag ring is arranged at a certain distance, independent spaces are formed between the air bag rings, the high-performance self-compaction concrete is filled into the air bag ring, the backfilling compactness is greatly improved, the construction procedure is simplified, the synchronism and timeliness of backfilling support are achieved, and the tunnel construction risk is reduced.
The construction needs to be reinforced on the bottom of the pipe piece due to insufficient strength of the fracture rock stratum at the bottom of the pipe piece, and then the bottom fracture rock stratum is reinforced by adopting a grouting mode after drilling.
The invention is developed under the background, and can be applied to practical construction to generate better economic and social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for quickly supporting a crack rock section of a double-shield TBM, aiming at the conditions that crack rock layers exist in small and medium sections in the tunneling process of the double-shield TBM, water gushing is easy to occur, and the rock layer strength is insufficient, and the construction method for quickly supporting the crack rock section of the double-shield TBM is realized.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a rapid support system for a double-shield TBM fractured rock section comprises a grout stopping ring formed by splicing grout stopping pipe pieces, a middle ring formed by splicing middle pipe pieces, high-performance self-compaction concrete, a drill rod and a cover plate; the outer side of the grout stopping pipe piece is provided with a groove with the same length as the pipe piece along the central position of the pipe piece, an air bag is arranged in the groove, the air bag on the grout stopping pipe piece is assembled with the pipe piece to form an air bag ring, two adjacent grout stopping rings are connected through a plurality of middle rings, an airtight filling space is formed between the two adjacent air bag rings after the air bag is inflated, and the airtight filling space is filled with high-performance self-compacting concrete; the drilling rod pass and stop thick liquid section of jurisdiction or middle section of jurisdiction stretch into in the crack rock section, the both sides of apron are installed on stopping thick liquid ring inner wall, apron and the inside grout space that forms of stopping thick liquid ring, fill concrete in the grout space and form the concrete base, the upper end and the apron of drilling rod are fixed, the drilling rod be hollow structure, be equipped with the play thick liquid hole on the drilling rod.
Preferably, the depth of the groove is 4-6cm, the bottom of the groove is provided with an air injection hole, the bottom of the air injection hole is embedded with a sleeve, the air bag is provided with an air pipe, the air bag is bonded in the groove through waterproof glue, and the air pipe penetrates through the air injection hole.
Preferably, the peripheral sides of the pulp stopping tube sheets and the middle tube sheets are provided with convex blocks and connecting grooves matched with the convex blocks, the left sides and the right sides of the pulp stopping tube sheets are spliced to form pulp stopping rings through the convex blocks and the connecting grooves, the left sides and the right sides of the middle tube sheets are spliced to form middle rings through the convex blocks and the connecting grooves, and the front sides and the rear sides of the pulp stopping tube sheets and the middle tube sheets are spliced through the convex blocks and the connecting grooves; the outside of the protruding block is sequentially wrapped with the sealing adhesive tape and the sponge.
Preferably, at least one grouting hole is formed in the grouting pipe piece.
Preferably, the cover plate is concave, the middle concave section is provided with a main grouting hole, and the two side plate surfaces are provided with a plurality of auxiliary grouting holes and a plurality of fixing holes.
Preferably, the drill rod is connected with the cover plate through at least one anti-floating rib, the anti-floating rib comprises a straight section and a bending section, the straight section is inserted into the drill rod, and the bending section passes through the slurry outlet hole; the top of straight section passes the fixed orifices and is fixed through fixation nut.
Preferably, leveling nuts are arranged at the joints of the bottoms of the cover plates and the anti-floating ribs and used for controlling elevation of the cover plates, and flexible foam is arranged on two sides of the cover plates along the length direction of the cover plates.
Preferably, the straight section of the anti-floating rib is 20-30cm higher than the top surface of the drill rod.
Preferably, the joint of the drill rod, the grout stop pipe piece and the middle pipe piece is sprayed with water stop glue.
A rapid construction method of a double-shield TBM fractured rock section comprises the following steps:
step one, manufacturing matched duct pieces: the grouting pipe piece and the middle pipe piece are respectively provided with a convex block or a connecting groove along the length direction of the two sides of the pipe piece, the convex blocks or the connecting grooves are arranged along the width direction of the two sides of the pipe piece according to the assembly requirement, the convex blocks are sequentially wrapped with sealing adhesive tapes and sponges, and grouting holes are arranged on the two sides of the pipe piece; the left and right sides of the grout stop pipe pieces are connected to form a grout stop ring, and the left and right sides of the middle pipe pieces (2) are connected to form a middle ring;
step two, cementing an air bag: the air bag with the air pipe is bonded with the whole surface of the grouting duct piece groove by waterproof glue, and the air pipe passes through the air injection hole to reach the inside of the grouting ring;
step three, confirming a fractured rock segment: detecting the quality of rock stratum by using detection equipment, and determining the positions of bad rock masses such as a water burst section, a crack section and the like when the TBM is tunneled;
step four, segment installation: the double-shield TBM is utilized for installing the segments of the fractured rock segment, a grout stopping ring is inserted after every 6 middle rings are installed, and the protruding blocks between the segments are embedded into the connecting grooves to form a tight water stopping connecting structure;
fifth, inflating the air bag: after the grout stop pipe piece is installed, a bolt with a through hole is screwed into a sleeve in the grout stop pipe piece, an air pipe penetrates out of the through hole of the bolt, an air bag is inflated by using external inflation equipment, the air bag is filled with a gap between the grout stop pipe piece and surrounding rocks, an intelligent pressurizer is installed at the end part of the air pipe after inflation is completed, the air pressure in the air bag is monitored in real time, and the air pressure in the air bag is ensured to be stable and sufficient;
step six, backfilling concrete: when grouting is performed in the initial section, a closed filling space is formed between the air bag rings of two adjacent grouting rings, and high-performance self-compaction concrete is injected between the adjacent grouting rings by grouting equipment; when grouting is carried out in the subsequent section, firstly, the intelligent pressurizer is dismantled, air in the inner part of the rear side air bag ring is pumped out, the air bag ring on the front side grouting stopping ring is inflated, a closed filling space of the bag and the poured concrete is continuously formed, after the air bag is pumped out, bolts with through holes are screwed out to isolate the air pipe, the air filling hole is filled with plugging mortar, the pumped-out air bag is adhered in the groove, and the outer side of the air bag is covered by filled high-performance self-compacting concrete; in the construction mode, high-performance self-compaction concrete is continuously backfilled into the closed filling space at the rear side until the whole fractured rock section is backfilled;
step seven, drilling construction: symmetrically drilling the bottom of the grout stopping segment and the bottom of the middle segment in the bottom fractured rock segment area on the basis of the grout stopping segment and the middle segment which are subjected to grouting construction, connecting a drill rod through drilling equipment, penetrating the bottom grout stopping segment and the middle segment into the fractured rock segment, leveling and straightening the drill rod after penetrating the drill rod, and exposing the drill rod to the inside grout stopping segment by 5-15cm;
step eight, grouting and anti-floating: the grouting pipe of grouting equipment extends into the bottom of the drill rod, grouting is carried out to the inside of the drill rod, cement slurry flows to a fractured rock section through a grouting hole, after grouting is finished, grouting equipment is put out, two anti-floating rib bending sections are symmetrically inserted into the grouting hole at the bottom of the drill rod downwards, the anti-floating rib straight sections are exposed out of the top surface of the drill rod for 20-30cm, and grouting is carried out to the inside of the drill rod;
step nine, waterproof at the position of the drilling rod penetrating through the slurry stopping ring: adjusting the gap between the drill rod and the slurry stopping ring, spraying water stopping glue at the gap, and performing flexible water prevention;
step ten, manufacturing a cover plate: the middle concave section of the cover plate is provided with a main grouting hole, the plate surfaces on two sides are symmetrically provided with a plurality of auxiliary grouting holes and a plurality of fixing holes, and flexible foam is arranged on two sides along the length direction of the cover plate;
step eleven, cover plate installation: the leveling nuts are screwed into the tops of the anti-floating ribs of the exposed drill rod, the heights of the adjacent four leveling nuts are controlled, the cover plate is inserted into the anti-floating ribs along the fixing holes on the periphery of the cover plate, the elevation of the cover plate is controlled by the leveling nuts, the fixing nuts are screwed, the cover plate is firmly controlled, and the next cover plate installation is carried out in the same procedure until the full-fracture rock section cover plate installation is completed;
step twelve, pouring grouting space: pouring concrete into the main grouting holes by using concrete pouring equipment, observing the filling condition of the concrete by using the auxiliary grouting holes, and performing concrete supplementary pouring by using the auxiliary grouting holes to form a concrete base;
thirteenth step, cover plate recovery: after the poured concrete base reaches the design strength, sequentially removing the fixing nut and the cover plate, cutting off the anti-floating ribs exposing the concrete, and completing the construction
The beneficial effects achieved by the invention are as follows:
(1) The self-compaction material is adopted as the backfill material, compaction can be realized without vibrating in the backfill process, and the actual measured compactness is generally more than 99%. The method has the most important significance for improving the compactness of the tunnel used for a long time during engineering operation.
(2) According to the invention, the backfill space can be divided into independent sections along the length direction of the tunnel by utilizing the air bags between two adjacent grout stop rings, and self-compacting concrete materials are filled immediately after the sections are formed, so that the surrounding rock is rapidly and timely supported, and the tunneling synchronization with the TBM is ensured.
(3) According to the grouting pipe piece, the grooves are formed in the grouting pipe piece, the air bags are effectively fixed through cementing of the grooves and the air bags, after the air bags are evacuated, cementing effects between the air bags and the pipe piece and self-compaction concrete outside the air bags can be utilized, and water seepage after air injection hole construction is avoided.
(4) After the air bag is inflated, the intelligent pressurizer is arranged at the end part of the air pipe, so that the air pressure in the air bag is monitored in real time, and the air pressure in the air bag is ensured to be stable and sufficient.
(5) According to the invention, a grouting mode after drilling is utilized to reinforce the crack rock stratum at the bottom of the duct piece, so that the bearing capacity of the rock stratum at the lower part of the duct piece at the bottom is rapidly improved, and the rapid support construction of the duct piece is realized.
(6) Because the subsequent pipe piece bottom drilling grouting construction is unable to prefabricate the concrete pipe piece with the base, the invention adopts a cast-in-place mode to construct the concrete base, and utilizes the anti-floating rib as a supporting piece to combine with the leveling and fixing nut to accurately install the cover plate, thereby rapidly realizing the casting of the concrete base.
(7) The cover plate can be used as a concrete base casting elevation template and also can be used as a concrete base casting construction platform, the cover plate can be recycled after construction, and green construction is realized while the concrete base is fast cast.
(8) The invention has simple working procedure, high construction efficiency, compact forming at one time, high construction quality and no need of large-scale recharging in the later period, thus compared with the traditional technology, the invention greatly reduces the manpower and material resources required by the technology, can obviously reduce the construction energy consumption and carbon emission, and has outstanding energy-saving and environment-friendly effects.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rapid support system for a double-shield TBM fractured rock segment according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the slurry stopping segment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a slurry termination segment according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the air bag according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the bolt of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the drill pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the anti-floating rib in the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the cover plate in the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a sixth initial stage grouting according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view in section C-C of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of grouting in a sixth subsequent stage of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view in section D-D of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the construction direction of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of E-E of fig. 15.
In the figure: 1-a slurry stopping segment; 1 a-a slurry stop ring; 2-an intermediate segment; 2 a-an intermediate tube; 3-high-performance self-compacting concrete; 4-a drill rod; 5-cover plate; 6-an air bag; 7-anti-floating ribs; 8-fixing the nut; 9-leveling the nut; 10-water stop glue; 11-grooves; 12-gas injection holes; 13-a sleeve; 14-projecting blocks; 15-connecting grooves; 16-sealing tape; 17-sponge; 18-grouting holes; 19-waterproof glue; 20-fractured rock segment; 21-a bolt; 22-concrete foundation; 23-surrounding rock; 24-intelligent pressurizer; 25-plugging mortar; 41-a slurry outlet hole; 51-a main grouting hole; 52-auxiliary grouting holes; 53-fixing holes; 54-flexible foam; 61-trachea; 71-straight section; 72-bending section.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment relates to a rapid supporting system for a double-shield TBM fractured rock section, which comprises a grout stopping ring 1a formed by splicing grout stopping pipe pieces 1, a middle ring 2a formed by splicing middle pipe pieces 2, high-performance self-compacting concrete 3, a drill rod 4 and a cover plate 5; the outer side of the grout stop pipe piece 1 is provided with a groove 11 with the same length as the pipe piece along the central position of the pipe piece, an air bag 6 is arranged in the groove 11, the air bag 6 on the grout stop pipe piece 1 is assembled along with the pipe piece to form an air bag ring 6a, two adjacent grout stop rings 1a are connected through a plurality of middle rings 2a, an airtight filling space is formed between the two adjacent air bag rings 6a after the air bag 6 is inflated, and the airtight filling space is filled with high-performance self-compacting concrete 3; the drill rod 4 penetrates through the grout stop pipe piece 1 or the middle pipe piece 2 to extend into the fractured rock section, two sides of the cover plate 5 are arranged on the inner wall of the grout stop ring 1a, a grouting space is formed between the cover plate 5 and the interior of the grout stop ring 1a, concrete is filled in the grouting space to form a concrete base 22, the upper end of the drill rod 4 is fixed with the cover plate 5, the drill rod 4 is of a hollow structure, and a grout outlet 41 is formed in the drill rod 4.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the depth of the groove 11 is 5cm, the bottom of the groove 11 is provided with an air injection hole 12, the bottom of the air injection hole 12 is embedded with a sleeve 13, the air bag 6 is provided with an air pipe 61, the air bag 6 is adhered in the groove 11 through waterproof glue 19, and the air pipe 61 passes through the air injection hole 12. The pulp stopping pipe piece 1 and the peripheral side of the middle pipe piece are provided with a protruding block 14 and a connecting groove 15 matched with the protruding block 14, the left side and the right side of the pulp stopping pipe pieces 1 are spliced through the protruding block 14 and the connecting groove 15 to form a pulp stopping ring 1a, the left side and the right side of the middle pipe pieces 2 are spliced through the protruding block 14 and the connecting groove 15 to form a middle ring 2a, and the front side and the rear side of the pulp stopping pipe pieces 1 and the middle pipe pieces 2 are spliced through the protruding block 14 and the connecting groove 15; the outside of the protruding block 14 is sequentially wrapped with a sealing tape 16 and a sponge 17
As shown in fig. 7 to 10, the cover plate 5 is concave, the middle concave section is provided with a main grouting hole 51, two auxiliary grouting holes 52 and four fixing holes 53 are arranged on the two side plate surfaces, the drill rod is connected with the cover plate 5 through two anti-floating ribs 7, the anti-floating ribs 7 comprise straight sections 71 and bending sections 72, the straight sections 71 are inserted into the drill rod 4, and the bending sections 72 penetrate through the grout outlet holes 41; the top of the straight section 71 passes through the fixing hole 53 and is fixed by the fixing nut 8, and the straight section 71 of the anti-floating rib 7 is 20cm higher than the top surface of the drill rod 4. Leveling nuts 9 are arranged at the joints of the bottoms of the cover plates 5 and the anti-floating ribs 7 and used for controlling elevation of the cover plates 5, and flexible foam 54 is arranged at two sides of the cover plates 5 along the length direction; and a water stop glue 10 is sprayed at the joint of the drill rod 4, the slurry stop pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2.
The construction principle of the invention is as follows:
step one, manufacturing matched duct pieces: the grouting pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2 are respectively provided with a protruding block 14 or a connecting groove 15 along the length direction of the two sides of the pipe piece, the protruding blocks 14 or the connecting grooves 15 are arranged along the width direction of the two sides of the pipe piece according to the assembly requirement, the outside of the protruding blocks 14 is sequentially wrapped with a sealing adhesive tape 16 and a sponge 17, and grouting holes 18 are arranged on the two sides of the pipe piece; the left and right sides of the grout stop pipe piece 1 are connected to form a grout stop ring 1a, and the left and right sides of the middle pipe piece 2 are connected to form a middle ring 2a;
step two, cementing an air bag: the air bag with the air pipe 61 is bonded with the whole surface of the groove 11 of the 6 grout stop segment 1 by waterproof glue 19, the air pipe 61 passes through the air injection hole 12 to reach the inside of the grout stop ring 1a, a protective layer is adhered outside the groove 11 during transportation of the grout stop segment 1, the air bag 6 is prevented from being damaged, and the protective layer is removed for cementing when the grout stop segment 1 is installed;
step three, the fractured rock segment 20 confirms: detecting the quality of rock stratum by using detection equipment, and determining the positions of bad rock masses such as a water burst section, a crack section and the like when the TBM is tunneled;
step four, segment installation: the double-shield TBM is utilized for installing the segments of the fractured rock segment 20, each 6 middle rings 2a are inserted into one grout stop ring 1a after being installed, and the protruding blocks 14 between the segments are embedded into the connecting grooves 15 to form a tight water stop connecting structure;
fifth, inflating the air bag: after the pipe piece is installed, a bolt 21 with a through hole is screwed into a sleeve 14 in the grout stop pipe piece 1 (as shown in fig. 6), an air pipe 61 penetrates out of the through hole of the bolt 21, an air bag 6 is inflated by using external inflation equipment, the air bag 6 fills the gap between the grout stop pipe piece 1 and surrounding rock 23, an intelligent pressurizer 24 is installed at the end part of the air pipe 61 after inflation is completed, the air pressure in the air bag 6 is monitored in real time, and the air pressure in the air bag 61 is ensured to be stable and sufficient;
step six, backfilling concrete: as shown in fig. 11 and 12, when grouting is performed in the initial section, a closed filling space is formed between the air bag rings 6a of two adjacent grout stop rings 1a, high-performance self-compaction concrete 3 is injected between the adjacent grout stop rings 1a by using grouting equipment, the high-performance self-compaction concrete 3 has an expansion degree of about 600mm when backfilling in a hole, meanwhile, no aggregate segregation and bleeding occur, and a concrete pouring ring exists; as shown in fig. 13 to 14, during grouting in the subsequent stage, firstly, the intelligent pressurizer 24 is dismantled, the air in the air bag ring 6a at the rear side is evacuated, the air bag ring 6a on the front side grout stop ring 1a is inflated, a closed filling space between the air bag 6 and the poured concrete is continuously formed, after the air bag 6 is pumped, the bolts 21 with the through holes are screwed out, the air pipe 61 is blocked, the air filling holes 13 are filled with plugging mortar 25, the evacuated air bag 6 is adhered in the grooves 11, the outer side is covered by the filled high-performance self-compacting concrete 3, and water seepage after construction of the air filling holes 13 is avoided; in the construction mode, high-performance self-compaction concrete is continuously backfilled into the closed filling space at the rear side until the whole fractured rock section is backfilled;
step seven, drilling construction: aiming at the fact that the cracks of surrounding rock 23 at the bottoms of the grout stop ring 1a and the middle ring 2a of the engineering are larger, a crack rock section 20 appears, in order to ensure construction quality, symmetrical drilling is carried out on the bottoms of the grout stop pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2 in the area of the bottom crack rock section 20 on the basis of the grout stop pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2 which are subjected to grouting construction, the transverse distance of the drilling is 1m, the aperture is 10cm, a drill rod 4 is connected through drilling equipment, the bottom grout stop pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2 are penetrated into the crack rock section 20, after penetrating into the drill rod 4, the drill rod 4 is leveled straight, and the drill rod 4 is exposed to the inner grout stop pipe piece or the middle pipe piece 10cm;
step eight, grouting and anti-floating: the grouting pipe of the grouting equipment goes deep into the bottom of the drill rod 4, grouting is carried out to the inside of the drill rod 4, cement slurry flows to the fractured rock section 20 through the grouting holes 41, after grouting is completed, the grouting equipment is put forward, the bending sections 72 of the two anti-floating ribs 7 are symmetrically inserted into the grouting holes 41 at the bottom of the drill rod 4 downwards, the straight sections 71 of the anti-floating ribs 7 are exposed out of the top surface 20cm of the drill rod 4, grouting is carried out to the inside of the drill rod 4, and the compactness of cement slurry in the drill rod 4 is guaranteed;
step nine, waterproof the drill rod penetrating through the slurry pipe: the gap between the drill rod 4 and the slurry stopping ring 1a and the gap between the drill rod and the middle ring 2a are adjusted, and water stopping glue 10 is sprayed at the gap to perform flexible water prevention;
tenth, manufacturing a cover plate 5: the cover plate 5 is concave, the specific concave size is regulated according to the requirement of a follow-up construction track, the middle concave section is provided with a main grouting hole 50, two auxiliary grouting holes 52 and four fixing holes 53 are symmetrically arranged on the surface of two sides, and flexible foam 54 is arranged on two sides of the length direction of the cover plate 5, so that the cover plate 5 and the grout stop segment 1 are tightly attached;
step eleven, cover plate installation: the leveling nuts 9 are screwed into the tops of the anti-floating ribs 7 of the exposed drill rod 4, the heights of the adjacent four leveling nuts 9 are controlled, the cover plate 5 is inserted into the anti-floating ribs 7 along the fixing holes 53 around the cover plate 5, the leveling nuts 9 are used for controlling the elevation of the cover plate 5, the accurate control of the height of the cover plate 5 is realized, the fixing nuts 8 are screwed, the cover plate 5 is firmly controlled, the next cover plate 5 is installed in the same procedure, and the installation of the cover plate 5 in the whole crack section is completed;
step twelve, pouring grouting space: pouring concrete into the main grouting holes 51 by using concrete pouring equipment, observing the filling condition of the concrete by using the auxiliary grouting holes 52, and performing concrete supplementary pouring by using the auxiliary grouting holes 52 to form a concrete base 22 (shown in reference to fig. 15 and 16);
thirteenth step, recovering the cover plate 5: after the poured concrete base 22 reaches the design strength, the fixing nuts 8 and the cover plate 5 are removed in sequence, and the anti-floating ribs 7 exposing the concrete base 22 are cut off to finish the construction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The quick support system for the double-shield TBM fractured rock section is characterized by comprising a grout stopping ring (1 a) formed by splicing grout stopping pipe pieces (1), an intermediate ring (2 a) formed by splicing intermediate pipe pieces (2), high-performance self-compaction concrete (3), a drill rod (4) and a cover plate (5); the outer side of the grout stop pipe piece (1) is provided with a groove (11) with the same length as the grout stop pipe piece (1) along the central position of the pipe piece, the peripheral sides of the grout stop pipe piece (1) and the middle pipe piece are provided with a protruding block (14) and a connecting groove (15) matched with the protruding block (14), and the left side and the right side of the grout stop pipe pieces (1) are spliced through the protruding block (14) and the connecting groove (15) to form a grout stop ring (1 a); the left sides and the right sides of the plurality of middle duct pieces (2) are spliced to form a middle ring (2 a) through the protruding blocks (14) and the connecting grooves (15), and the front side and the rear side of the grout stopping duct piece (1) are spliced with the middle duct pieces (2) through the protruding blocks (14) and the connecting grooves (15); the outer side of the protruding block (14) is sequentially wrapped with a sealing adhesive tape (16) and a sponge (17); an air bag (6) is arranged in the groove (11), the air bag (6) on the grout stop pipe piece (1) is assembled along with the pipe piece to form an air bag ring (6 a), two adjacent grout stop rings (1 a) are connected through a plurality of middle rings (2 a), after the air bag (6) is inflated, a closed filling space is formed between the two adjacent air bag rings (6 a), and the closed filling space is filled with high-performance self-compacting concrete (3); the drilling rod (4) penetrates through the grout stop pipe piece (1) or the middle pipe piece (2) to extend into the fractured rock section, two sides of the cover plate (5) are arranged on the inner wall of the grout stop ring (1 a), a grouting space is formed between the cover plate (5) and the interior of the grout stop ring (1 a), concrete is filled in the grouting space to form a concrete base (22), and the upper end of the drilling rod (4) is fixed with the cover plate (5); the drill rod (4) is of a hollow structure, and a slurry outlet hole (41) is formed in the drill rod (4); the cover plate (5) is concave, the middle concave section is provided with a main grouting hole (51), and the two side plate surfaces are provided with a plurality of auxiliary grouting holes (52) and a plurality of fixing holes (53); leveling nuts (9) are arranged at the joints of the bottoms of the cover plates (5) and the anti-floating ribs (7) and used for controlling elevation of the cover plates (5), and flexible foams (54) are arranged on two sides of the cover plates (5) along the length direction; the drill rod (4) is connected with the cover plate (5) through at least one anti-floating rib (7), and the anti-floating rib (7) comprises a straight section (71) and a bending section (72); the straight section (71) is inserted into the drill rod (4), the bending section (72) penetrates through the slurry outlet hole (41), and the top of the straight section (71) penetrates through the fixing hole (53) and is fixed through the fixing nut (8).
2. The rapid supporting system for the double-shield TBM fractured rock section according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the groove (11) is 4-6cm, the bottom of the groove (11) is provided with an air injection hole (12), the bottom of the air injection hole (12) is embedded with a sleeve (13), the air bag (6) is provided with an air pipe (61), the air bag (6) is bonded in the groove (11) through waterproof glue (19), and the air pipe (61) penetrates through the air injection hole (12).
3. The rapid supporting system for the double-shield TBM fractured rock section according to claim 1, wherein at least one grouting hole (18) is formed in the grouting stopping segment (1).
4. The rapid supporting system for the double-shield TBM fractured rock section according to claim 1, wherein the straight section (71) of the anti-floating rib (7) is 20-30cm higher than the top surface of the drill rod (4).
5. The rapid supporting system for the double-shield TBM fractured rock section according to claim 1, wherein the joint of the drill rod (4) and the grout stop pipe piece (1) and the middle pipe piece (2) is sprayed with water stop glue (10).
6. A rapid construction method for a double-shield TBM fractured rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, manufacturing matched duct pieces: the grouting pipe piece (1) and the middle pipe piece (2) are provided with protruding blocks (14) or connecting grooves (15) along the length direction of the two sides of the pipe piece, the protruding blocks (14) or the connecting grooves (15) are arranged along the width direction of the two sides of the pipe piece according to the assembly requirement, the protruding blocks (14) are sequentially wrapped with sealing adhesive tapes (16) and sponges (17), and grouting holes (18) are formed in the two sides of the pipe piece; the left and right sides of the grout stop pipe piece (1) are connected to form a grout stop ring (1 a), and the left and right sides of the middle pipe piece (2) are connected to form a middle ring (2 a);
step two, cementing an air bag (6): the air bag (6) with the air pipe (61) is bonded with the whole surface of the groove (11) of the grout stop segment (1) by waterproof glue (19), and the air pipe (61) passes through the air injection hole (12) to reach the inside of the grout stop ring (1 a);
step three, confirming a fractured rock segment (20): performing rock stratum quality inspection by using detection equipment, and determining the position of a good rock mass of a water burst section and a crack Duan Bu when a TBM is tunneled;
step four, segment installation: the double-shield TBM is utilized for installing the pipe piece of the fractured rock section (20), a grout stopping ring (1 a) is inserted after each 6 middle rings (2 a) are installed, and a protruding block (14) between the grout stopping pipe piece (1) and the middle pipe piece (2) is embedded into a connecting groove (15) to form a tight water stopping connecting structure;
fifth, the air bag (6) is inflated: after the grout stop pipe piece (1) is installed, a bolt (21) with a through hole is screwed into a sleeve (13) in the grout stop pipe piece (1), an air pipe (61) penetrates out of the through hole of the bolt (21), an air bag (6) is inflated by using external inflation equipment, the air bag (6) fills a gap between the grout stop pipe piece (1) and surrounding rocks (23), an intelligent pressurizer (24) is installed at the end part of the air pipe (61) after inflation is completed, the internal air pressure of the air bag (6) is monitored in real time, and the internal air pressure of the air bag (6) is ensured to be stable and sufficient;
step six, backfilling concrete: when grouting is performed in the initial section, a closed filling space is formed between the air bag rings (6 a) of two adjacent grouting stopping rings (1 a), and high-performance self-compaction concrete (3) is injected between the adjacent grouting stopping rings (1 a) by grouting equipment; during grouting of the subsequent section, firstly removing the intelligent pressurizer (24), evacuating the air in the rear side air bag ring (6 a), inflating the air bag ring (6 a) on the front side grouting stopping ring (1 a), continuously forming a closed filling space of the bag and the poured concrete, screwing out a bolt (21) with a through hole after the air bag (6) is pumped out, isolating the air pipe (61), filling the air injection hole (12) with plugging mortar, bonding the evacuated air bag (6) in the groove (11), and covering the outer side by filled high-performance self-compacting concrete (3); in the construction mode, high-performance self-compaction concrete is continuously backfilled into the closed filling space at the rear side until the whole fractured rock section is backfilled;
step seven, drilling construction: symmetrically drilling the bottom of the grout stopping segment (1) or the middle segment (2) in the bottom fissured rock segment (20) on the basis of the grout stopping segment (1) or the middle segment (2) subjected to grouting construction, connecting a drill rod (4) through drilling equipment, penetrating the bottom grout stopping segment (1) and the middle segment (2) into the fissured rock segment (20), leveling and straightening the drill rod (4) after penetrating the drill rod (4), and exposing the drill rod (4) to 5-15cm of the grout stopping segment or the middle segment;
step eight, grouting and anti-floating: the grouting pipe of grouting equipment extends into the bottom of the drill rod (4), grouting is carried out to the inside of the drill rod (4), cement slurry flows to the fractured rock section (20) through the grouting holes (41), after grouting is finished, grouting equipment is put forward, two bending sections (72) of the anti-floating ribs (7) are symmetrically inserted into the grouting holes (41) at the bottom of the drill rod (4) downwards, the straight sections (71) of the anti-floating ribs (7) are exposed out of the top surface of the drill rod (4) for 20-30cm, and grouting is carried out to the inside of the drill rod (4);
step nine, the drill rod (4) penetrates through the grout ring (1 a) to be waterproof: adjusting the gap between the drill rod (4) and the slurry stopping ring (1 a), spraying water stopping glue (10) at the gap, and performing flexible water prevention;
tenth, manufacturing a cover plate (5): the middle concave section of the cover plate (5) is provided with a main grouting hole (51), a plurality of auxiliary grouting holes (52) and a plurality of fixing holes (53) are symmetrically arranged on the plate surfaces on two sides, and flexible foam (54) are arranged on two sides along the length direction of the cover plate (5);
step eleven, installing a cover plate (5): the method comprises the steps of screwing leveling nuts (9) into the tops of anti-floating ribs (7) exposed out of a drill rod (4), controlling the heights of four adjacent leveling nuts (9), inserting a cover plate (5) onto the anti-floating ribs (7) along fixing holes (53) around the cover plate (5), controlling the elevation of the cover plate (5) by using the leveling nuts (9), screwing down the fixing nuts (8), firmly controlling the cover plate (5), and installing the next cover plate (5) in the same process until the installation of the cover plate (5) of the full-fracture rock section (20) is completed;
step twelve, pouring grouting space: pouring concrete into the main grouting holes (51) by using concrete pouring equipment, observing the filling condition of the concrete by using the auxiliary grouting holes (52), and performing concrete supplementary pouring by using the auxiliary grouting holes (52) to form a concrete base (22);
thirteenth step, recovering the cover plate (5): after the poured concrete base (22) reaches the design strength, the fixing nuts (8) and the cover plate (5) are removed in sequence, and the anti-floating ribs (7) exposing the concrete base (22) are cut off to finish construction.
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