CN113006823A - Double-shield TBM (Tunnel boring machine) fractured rock section quick supporting system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Double-shield TBM (Tunnel boring machine) fractured rock section quick supporting system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113006823A CN113006823A CN202110260795.XA CN202110260795A CN113006823A CN 113006823 A CN113006823 A CN 113006823A CN 202110260795 A CN202110260795 A CN 202110260795A CN 113006823 A CN113006823 A CN 113006823A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011376 self-consolidating concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 42
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
- E21D9/0873—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a quick support system for a double-shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) fractured rock section, which comprises a grout stopping ring formed by splicing grout stopping pipe pieces, a middle pipe formed by splicing middle pipe pieces, high-performance self-compacting concrete, a drill rod and a cover plate, wherein the drill rod is connected with the middle pipe; the grout stopping pipe piece outside set up the recess isometric with the section of jurisdiction, the recess in be equipped with the gasbag, connect through a plurality of intermediate pipes between two adjacent grout stopping pipes, the drilling rod pass in grout stopping pipe piece or intermediate pipe piece stretch into the crack rock section, install on grout stopping pipe inner wall the both sides of apron, apron and the inside grout space that forms of grout stopping pipe, the grout space intussuseption is filled with concrete and is formed the concrete base, the upper end and the apron of drilling rod are fixed, the drilling rod be hollow structure, be equipped with out the thick liquid hole on the drilling rod. The invention has simple process, high construction efficiency, one-time compact molding, high construction quality and no need of large-scale filling in the later period, greatly reduces the manpower and material resources required by the technology, can obviously reduce the construction energy consumption and has outstanding environmental protection effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of double-shield TBM construction, and particularly relates to a double-shield TBM fracture rock section quick support system and a construction method thereof.
Background
The double-shield TBM has the advantages of high tunneling efficiency, safe construction, adaptability to hard rock geological conditions and the like, and is a preferred tunneling mode for hard rock tunnels. In the double-shield TBM tunneling process, small sections of the engineering have fractured rock strata, so that the conditions of water burst and insufficient rock stratum strength are easy to occur.
In the traditional tunneling process of the traditional double-shield TBM tunnel engineering, a pea gravel backfilling process is usually adopted for gaps between tunnels and surrounding rocks. Because there is the traditional backfill mode of crack to appear backfilling inseparably in the crack stratum, the phenomenon of coming to nothing is obvious, the closely knit degree of backfill is difficult to guarantee, the efficiency of construction is comparatively low, the extensive infiltration phenomenon of tunnel lining cutting is general, to this unit combine gasbag to enclose stifled high performance self-compaction concrete backfill mode, utilize the gasbag to fill the space between section of jurisdiction and the country rock, every interval one section distance sets up a gasbag circle, form independent space between the gasbag circle, to inside fill high performance self-compaction concrete, promote the closely knit degree of backfill greatly, simplify construction process, realize backfill support's synchronism, the promptness, reduce tunnel construction risk.
This engineering is because the section of jurisdiction bottom fracture rock stratum intensity appears not enough, need consolidate the section of jurisdiction bottom, adopt the mud jacking mode after the drilling to carry out bottom fracture rock stratum and consolidate, because the follow-up construction base of prefabricating on the section of jurisdiction of traditional tunnel bottom, nevertheless the follow-up drilling slip casting construction that will carry out of this engineering, can't prefabricate the concrete section of jurisdiction that has the base, so adopt cast-in-place mode in situ to carry out the concrete base construction, utilize anti-floating muscle to combine the leveling as support piece, fixation nut carries out the accurate installation of apron, realize concrete pedestal fast and pour.
The invention is developed under the background, and can generate better economic and social benefits when being applied to actual construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for quickly supporting a fractured rock section of a double-shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) aiming at the conditions that a fractured rock stratum exists in a small part of a double-shield TBM tunneling process, water gushing is easy to occur, and the strength of the rock stratum is insufficient, so that the quick supporting construction of the double-shield TBM of the fractured rock stratum section is realized.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a quick support system for a double-shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) fractured rock section comprises a grout stopping ring formed by splicing grout stopping pipe pieces, an intermediate ring formed by splicing intermediate pipe pieces, high-performance self-compacting concrete, a drill rod and a cover plate; the slurry stopping pipe piece is characterized in that a groove with the same length as the pipe piece is formed in the middle of the pipe piece on the outer side of the slurry stopping pipe piece, an air bag is arranged in the groove, the air bag on the slurry stopping pipe piece is assembled with the pipe piece to form an air bag ring, two adjacent slurry stopping rings are connected through a plurality of intermediate rings, after the air bag is inflated, a closed filling space is formed between the two adjacent air bag rings, and high-performance self-compacting concrete is filled in the closed filling space; the drilling rod passes through the grout stopping pipe piece or the middle pipe piece and extends into the fractured rock section, two sides of the cover plate are arranged on the inner wall of the grout stopping ring, a grouting space is formed between the cover plate and the inner part of the grout stopping ring, concrete is filled in the grouting space to form a concrete base, the upper end of the drilling rod is fixed with the cover plate, the drilling rod is of a hollow structure, and a grout outlet is formed in the drilling rod.
Preferably, the depth of the groove is 4-6cm, a gas injection hole is formed in the bottom of the groove, a sleeve is embedded in the bottom of the gas injection hole, a gas pipe is arranged on the gas bag, the gas bag is bonded in the groove through waterproof glue, and the gas pipe penetrates through the gas injection hole.
Preferably, the sides of the slurry stopping pipe piece and the middle pipe piece are provided with a convex block and a connecting groove matched with the convex block, the left side and the right side of the plurality of slurry stopping pipe pieces are spliced through the convex block and the connecting groove to form a slurry stopping ring, the left side and the right side of the plurality of middle pipe pieces are spliced through the convex block and the connecting groove to form a middle ring, and the front side and the rear side of the slurry stopping pipe pieces and the front side and the rear side of the middle pipe pieces are spliced through the; the outer side of the convex block is sequentially wrapped with a sealing adhesive tape and a sponge.
Preferably, the grout stopping pipe piece is provided with at least one grouting hole.
Preferably, the cover plate is concave, the middle concave section is provided with a main grouting hole, and the two side plate surfaces are provided with a plurality of auxiliary grouting holes and a plurality of fixing holes.
Preferably, the drill rod is connected with the cover plate through at least one anti-floating rib, the anti-floating rib comprises a straight section and a bent section, the straight section is inserted into the drill rod, and the bent section penetrates through the grout outlet; the top of the straight section passes through the fixing hole and is fixed by the fixing nut.
Preferably, the joint of the bottom of the cover plate and the anti-floating rib is provided with a leveling nut for controlling the elevation of the cover plate, and the cover plate is provided with flexible foam along the two sides of the length direction.
Preferably, the straight section of the anti-floating rib is 20-30cm higher than the top surface of the drill rod.
Preferably, the joint of the drill rod, the slurry stopping pipe piece and the middle pipe piece is sprayed with water stopping glue.
A quick construction method for a double-shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) fractured rock section comprises the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a matched duct piece: the slurry stopping pipe piece and the middle pipe piece are provided with a convex block or a connecting groove along the length direction of both sides of the pipe piece, the convex block or the connecting groove is arranged along the width direction of both sides of the pipe piece according to the assembling requirement, wherein the convex block is sequentially wrapped with a sealing adhesive tape and sponge, and grouting holes are arranged on both sides of the pipe piece; the left and the right of the grout stopping pipe pieces are connected to form a grout stopping ring, and the left and the right of the middle pipe pieces (2) are connected to form a middle ring;
step two, air bag cementing: the air bag with the air pipe is bonded with the whole surface of the slurry stopping pipe piece groove by waterproof glue, and the air pipe penetrates through the air injection hole and reaches the inner part of the slurry stopping ring;
step three, determining a fractured rock section: carrying out rock stratum quality inspection by using detection equipment, and determining the positions of bad rock masses such as a water burst section and a fracture section when the TBM is tunneled;
step four, duct piece installation: the method comprises the following steps that (1) double-shield TBM is utilized to install pipe pieces of fractured rock sections, a grout stopping ring is inserted after every 6 middle rings are installed, and a convex block between the pipe pieces is embedded into a connecting groove to form a tight water stopping connecting structure;
step five, inflating the air bag: after the grout stopping pipe piece is installed, a bolt with a through hole is screwed in a sleeve in the grout stopping pipe piece, an air pipe penetrates out of the through hole of the bolt, an air bag is inflated by using external inflation equipment, the air bag is filled in a gap between the grout stopping pipe piece and surrounding rocks, an intelligent pressurizer is installed at the end part of the air pipe after the inflation is finished, the air pressure in the air bag is monitored in real time, and the stable and sufficient air pressure in the air bag is ensured;
step six, concrete backfilling: when grouting is carried out at the initial section, a closed filling space is formed between the air bag rings of two adjacent grout stopping rings, and high-performance self-compacting concrete is injected between the adjacent grout stopping rings by grouting equipment; when grouting at the subsequent section, firstly removing the intelligent pressurizer, evacuating the air in the rear side air bag ring, inflating the air bag ring on the front side grout stop ring to continuously form a bag and a closed filling space of poured concrete, screwing out a bolt with a through hole after the air bag is evacuated, cutting off an air pipe, filling a gas injection hole with plugging mortar, bonding the evacuated air bag in the groove, and covering the outer side with the filled high-performance self-compacting concrete; continuously backfilling high-performance self-compacting concrete in the closed filling space at the rear side by the construction mode until the whole fractured rock section is backfilled;
step seven, drilling construction: symmetrically drilling the bottom of a grout stopping pipe piece and the bottom of a middle pipe piece in a bottom fractured rock section area on the basis of the grout stopping pipe piece and the middle pipe piece which are subjected to grouting construction, connecting a drill rod through drilling equipment, penetrating the bottom grout stopping pipe piece and the middle pipe piece into the fractured rock section, leveling and straightening the drill rod after penetrating the drill rod, and exposing the drill rod out of the inner grout stopping pipe piece by 5-15 cm;
step eight, grouting and anti-floating: a mud jacking pipe of the grouting equipment extends into the bottom of the drill rod, grouting is carried out on the interior of the drill rod, cement slurry flows to a fractured rock section through a slurry outlet hole, after grouting is finished, the grouting equipment is put forward, two anti-floating rib bending sections are downwards symmetrically inserted into the slurry outlet hole in the bottom of the drill rod, the straight sections of the anti-floating ribs are exposed out of the top surface of the drill rod by 20-30cm, and then grouting is carried out on the interior of the drill rod;
ninth, the drill rod penetrates through the grout stopping ring to prevent water: adjusting the gap between the drill rod and the grout stopping ring, and spraying a water stopping adhesive at the gap for flexible waterproofing;
step ten, manufacturing a cover plate: the concave section in the middle of the cover plate is provided with a main grouting hole, a plurality of auxiliary grouting holes and a plurality of fixing holes are symmetrically arranged on the plate surfaces on two sides, and flexible foams are arranged on two sides along the length direction of the cover plate;
eleven, mounting a cover plate: screwing leveling nuts into the tops of the anti-floating ribs with the drill rods exposed out, controlling the heights of the adjacent four leveling nuts, inserting the cover plate into the anti-floating ribs along fixing holes on the periphery of the cover plate, controlling the elevation of the cover plate by using the leveling nuts, screwing the fixing nuts, firmly controlling the cover plate, and carrying out next cover plate installation in the same process until the installation of the cover plate of the full-fracture rock section is completed;
step twelve, grouting space pouring: pouring concrete into the main grouting holes by using concrete pouring equipment, observing the filling condition of the concrete by using the auxiliary grouting holes, wherein the concrete is not completely filled, and performing supplementary pouring on the concrete by using the auxiliary grouting holes to form a concrete base;
step thirteen, cover plate recovery: after the poured concrete base reaches the designed strength, the fixing nuts and the cover plates are sequentially removed, the anti-floating ribs exposing the concrete are cut off, and the construction is completed
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention adopts the self-compacting material as the backfill material, the backfill process can be compacted without vibration, and the actually measured compactness is usually more than 99 percent. The method has the most important significance for the improvement of compactness of the tunnel used for a long time during engineering operation.
(2) According to the invention, the air bag is utilized between two adjacent grout stopping rings to divide the backfill space into independent sections along the length direction of the tunnel, and the self-compacting concrete material is poured immediately after the sections are formed, so that the surrounding rock is supported quickly and timely, and the synchronization with the tunneling of the TBM is ensured.
(3) The grout stopping pipe piece is provided with the groove, the air bag is effectively fixed by gluing the groove and the air bag, and after the air bag is evacuated, the water seepage after a gas injection hole worker is avoided by using the gluing effect between the air bag and the pipe piece and the self-compacting concrete outside the air bag.
(4) After the air bag is inflated, the intelligent pressurizer is installed at the end part of the air pipe, so that the internal air pressure of the air bag is monitored in real time, and the internal air pressure of the air bag is ensured to be stable and sufficient.
(5) According to the method, the fractured rock stratum at the bottom of the duct piece is reinforced by using a grouting mode after drilling, so that the bearing capacity of the rock stratum at the lower part of the duct piece at the bottom is rapidly improved, and the duct piece rapid supporting construction is realized.
(6) Because the subsequent drilling and grouting construction of the bottom of the duct piece can not prefabricate the concrete duct piece with the base, the invention adopts a field cast-in-place mode to carry out the construction of the concrete base, utilizes the anti-floating rib as a support member to combine leveling and a fixing nut to carry out accurate installation of the cover plate, and quickly realizes the pouring of the concrete base.
(7) The cover plate can be used as a concrete base pouring elevation template and also can be used as a concrete base pouring construction platform, the cover plate can be recycled after construction, and green construction is realized while quick pouring of the concrete base is ensured.
(8) The invention has simple process, high construction efficiency, one-time compact molding, high construction quality and no need of large-scale filling in the later period, so compared with the traditional technology, the technology greatly reduces the required manpower and material resources, can obviously reduce the construction energy consumption and carbon emission, and has remarkable energy-saving and environment-friendly effects.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rapid support system for a double-shield TBM fractured rock section;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a slurry stop segment according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a grout stop segment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the bladder of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the bolt of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the drill rod of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an anti-floating rib according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the cover plate of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of the six initial stages of the inventive process;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a subsequent stage of the sixth step of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the construction direction of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of E-E in fig. 15.
In the figure: 1-a slurry-stopping pipe piece; 1 a-a grout stop ring; 2-a middle tube sheet; 2 a-an intermediate tube; 3-high performance self-compacting concrete; 4-a drill pipe; 5-cover plate; 6-air bag; 7-anti-floating rib; 8-fixing the nut; 9-leveling nut; 10-water stop glue; 11-a groove; 12-gas injection holes; 13-a sleeve; 14-a protruding block; 15-connecting grooves; 16-sealing tape; 17-sponge; 18-grouting holes; 19-waterproof glue; 20-fractured rock section; 21-bolt; 22-concrete foundation; 23-surrounding rock; 24-an intelligent pressurizer; 25-plugging mortar; 41-slurry outlet holes; 51-main grout hole; 52-auxiliary grouting holes; 53-fixation holes; 54-a flexible foam; 61-trachea; 71-straight section; 72-bending section.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment relates to a rapid supporting system for a double-shield TBM fractured rock section, which comprises a grout stopping ring 1a formed by splicing grout stopping pipe pieces 1, a middle ring 2a formed by splicing middle pipe pieces 2, high-performance self-compacting concrete 3, a drill rod 4 and a cover plate 5; the slurry stopping pipe piece comprises a slurry stopping pipe piece 1, wherein a groove 11 which is as long as the pipe piece is formed in the outer side of the slurry stopping pipe piece 1 along the middle position of the pipe piece, an air bag 6 is arranged in the groove 11, the air bag 6 on the slurry stopping pipe piece 1 is assembled with the pipe piece to form air bag rings 6a, two adjacent slurry stopping rings 1a are connected through a plurality of intermediate rings 2a, after the air bag 6 is inflated, a closed filling space is formed between the two adjacent air bag rings 6a, and high-performance self-compacting concrete 3 is filled in the closed filling space; the drilling rod 4 penetrates through the grout stopping pipe piece 1 or the middle pipe piece 2 and extends into the fractured rock section, two sides of the cover plate 5 are installed on the inner wall of the grout stopping ring 1a, a grouting space is formed between the cover plate 5 and the interior of the grout stopping ring 1a, concrete is filled in the grouting space to form a concrete base 22, the upper end of the drilling rod 4 is fixed with the cover plate 5, the drilling rod 4 is of a hollow structure, and a grout outlet 41 is formed in the drilling rod 4.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the depth of the groove 11 is 5cm, the bottom of the groove 11 is provided with an air injection hole 12, the bottom of the air injection hole 12 is embedded with a sleeve 13, the air bag 6 is provided with an air pipe 61, the air bag 6 is bonded in the groove 11 through waterproof glue 19, and the air pipe passes through the air injection hole 12 through the air pipe 61. The periphery sides of the slurry stopping pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece are provided with a convex block 14 and a connecting groove 15 matched with the convex block 14, the left side and the right side of the plurality of slurry stopping pipe pieces 1 are spliced through the convex block 14 and the connecting groove 15 to form a slurry stopping ring 1a, the left side and the right side of the plurality of middle pipe pieces 2 are spliced through the convex block 14 and the connecting groove 15 to form a middle ring 2a, and the front side and the rear side of the slurry stopping pipe pieces 1 and the middle pipe pieces 2 are spliced through the convex block 14 and the connecting groove 15; the outer side of the convex block 14 is sequentially wrapped with a sealing adhesive tape 16 and a sponge 17
As shown in fig. 7 to 10, the cover plate 5 is concave, the middle concave section is provided with a main grouting hole 51, two side plate surfaces are provided with two auxiliary grouting holes 52 and four fixing holes 53, the drill rod is connected with the cover plate 5 through two anti-floating ribs 7, each anti-floating rib 7 comprises a straight section 71 and a bent section 72, the straight section 71 is inserted into the drill rod 4, and the bent section 72 passes through the grout outlet 41; the top of the straight section 71 passes through the fixing hole 53 and is fixed by the fixing nut 8, and the straight section 71 of the anti-floating rib 7 is 20cm higher than the top surface of the drill rod 4. A leveling nut 9 is arranged at the joint of the bottom of the cover plate 5 and the anti-floating rib 7 and used for controlling the elevation of the cover plate 5, and flexible foams 54 are arranged on two sides of the cover plate 5 along the length direction; and spraying water stop glue 10 at the joint of the drill rod 4 and the slurry stop pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2.
The construction principle of the invention is as follows:
step one, manufacturing a matched duct piece: the slurry stopping pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2 are respectively provided with a convex block 14 or a connecting groove 15 along the length direction of two sides of the pipe piece, the convex blocks 14 or the connecting grooves 15 are arranged along the width direction of the two sides of the pipe piece according to the assembling requirement, wherein the convex blocks 14 are sequentially wrapped with a sealing adhesive tape 16 and a sponge 17, and grouting holes 18 are arranged on two sides of the pipe piece; the left and the right of the grout stopping pipe piece 1 are connected to form a grout stopping ring 1a, and the left and the right of the middle pipe piece 2 are connected to form a middle ring 2 a;
step two, air bag cementing: the air bag with the air pipe 61 and the whole surface of the groove 11 of the 6-grout stopping pipe piece 1 are bonded by waterproof glue 19, the air pipe 61 penetrates through the air injection hole 12 to reach the inside of the grout stopping ring 1a, a protective layer is adhered outside the groove 11 in the transportation process of the grout stopping pipe piece 1 to prevent the air bag 6 from being damaged, and the protective layer is removed for bonding when the grout stopping pipe piece 1 is installed;
step three, confirming the fractured rock section 20: carrying out rock stratum quality inspection by using detection equipment, and determining the positions of bad rock masses such as a water burst section and a fracture section when the TBM is tunneled;
step four, duct piece installation: utilizing a double-shield TBM to install 20 pipe pieces of the fractured rock section, inserting a grout stopping ring 1a after installing every 6 middle rings 2a, and embedding a convex block 14 between the pipe pieces into a connecting groove 15 to form a tight water stopping connecting structure;
step five, inflating the air bag: after the pipe piece is installed, a bolt 21 with a through hole (shown in figure 6) is screwed into a sleeve 14 in the grout stopping pipe piece 1, an air pipe 61 penetrates out of the through hole of the bolt 21, an air bag 6 is inflated by external inflation equipment, the air bag 6 is filled in a gap between the grout stopping pipe piece 1 and a peripheral surrounding rock 23, an intelligent pressurizer 24 is installed at the end part of the air pipe 61 after the inflation is finished, the internal air pressure of the air bag 6 is monitored in real time, and the stable and sufficient internal air pressure of the air bag 61 is ensured;
step six, concrete backfilling: as shown in fig. 11 and 12, during initial grouting, a closed filling space is formed between the air bag rings 6a of two adjacent grout stopping rings 1a, high-performance self-compacting concrete 3 is injected between the adjacent grout stopping rings 1a by grouting equipment, the high-performance self-compacting concrete 3 has an expansion degree of about 600mm when being backfilled in a hole, and no aggregate segregation and bleeding occur, and the concrete pouring rings exist; as shown in fig. 13 to 14, during the subsequent stage grouting, the intelligent pressurizer 24 is firstly removed, the air inside the rear side air bag ring 6a is evacuated, the air bag ring 6a on the front side grout stop ring 1a is inflated, a sealed filling space of the bag 6 and the poured concrete is continuously formed, after the air bag 6 is evacuated, the bolt 21 with the through hole is screwed out, the air pipe 61 is cut off, the air injection hole 13 is filled with plugging mortar 25, the evacuated air bag 6 is bonded in the groove 11, the outer side of the evacuated air bag is covered by the filled high-performance self-compacting concrete 3, and the occurrence of water seepage after the construction of the air injection hole 13 is avoided; continuously backfilling high-performance self-compacting concrete in the closed filling space at the rear side by the construction mode until the whole fractured rock section is backfilled;
step seven, drilling construction: aiming at the problems that the bottom surrounding rocks 23 of the grout stopping ring 1a and the middle ring 2a of the project have large cracks, and fractured rock sections 20 appear, in order to ensure the construction quality, on the basis of the grout stopping pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2 which are subjected to grouting construction, symmetrical drilling is carried out on the bottoms of the grout stopping pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2 in the area of the fractured rock sections 20 at the bottom, the transverse distance between the drilled holes is 1m, and the hole diameter is 10cm, a drilling rod 4 is connected through drilling equipment, the bottom grout stopping pipe piece 1 and the middle pipe piece 2 are penetrated into the fractured rock sections 20, after the drilling rod 4 is penetrated, the drilling rod 4 is leveled and straightened, and the drilling rod 4 is exposed out of the inside;
step eight, grouting and anti-floating: a grouting pipe of grouting equipment extends deep to the bottom of a drill rod 4, grouting is performed inside the drill rod 4, cement slurry flows to a fractured rock section 20 through a slurry outlet hole 41, after grouting is completed, the grouting equipment is lifted out, two bending sections 72 of anti-floating ribs 7 are symmetrically inserted into the slurry outlet hole 41 in the bottom of the drill rod 4 downwards, straight sections 71 of the anti-floating ribs 7 are exposed out of the top surface of the drill rod 4 by 20cm, grouting is performed inside the drill rod 4, and it is guaranteed that the cement slurry inside the drill rod 4 is compact;
ninth, the drill rod penetrates through the grout stopping pipe to prevent water: adjusting the gap between the drill rod 4 and the grout stopping ring 1a and the middle ring 2a, and spraying a water stopping adhesive 10 at the gap for flexible waterproofing;
step ten, manufacturing the cover plate 5: the cover plate 5 is in a concave shape, the specific concave size is adjusted according to the requirement of a subsequent construction track, the middle concave section is provided with a main grouting hole 50, two auxiliary grouting holes 52 and four fixing holes 53 are symmetrically arranged on the plate surfaces at two sides, and flexible foams 54 are arranged at two sides along the length direction of the cover plate 5, so that the cover plate 5 is tightly attached to the grout stopping pipe piece 1;
eleven, mounting a cover plate: screwing leveling nuts 9 into the tops of the anti-floating ribs 7 exposing the drill rod 4, controlling the heights of the adjacent four leveling nuts 9, inserting the cover plate 5 into the anti-floating ribs 7 along fixing holes 53 around the cover plate 5, controlling the elevation of the cover plate 5 by using the leveling nuts 9, realizing the accurate control of the height of the cover plate 5, screwing the fixing nuts 8, firmly controlling the cover plate 5, and carrying out the installation of the next cover plate 5 in the same process until the installation of the cover plate 5 at the full fracture section is completed;
step twelve, grouting space pouring: concrete is poured into the main grouting hole 51 by using concrete pouring equipment, the filling condition of the concrete is observed by using the auxiliary grouting hole 52, the concrete is not completely filled, and the auxiliary grouting hole 52 can be used for performing supplementary pouring on the concrete to form the concrete base 22 (shown in fig. 15 and 16);
step thirteen, the cover plate 5 is recovered: after the poured concrete base 22 reaches the design strength, the fixing nuts 8 and the cover plate 5 are removed in sequence, the anti-floating ribs 7 exposing the concrete base 22 are cut off, and construction is completed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A quick support system for a double-shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) fractured rock section is characterized by comprising a grout stopping ring (1a) formed by splicing grout stopping pipe pieces (1), a middle ring (2a) formed by splicing middle pipe pieces (2), high-performance self-compacting concrete (3), a drill rod (4) and a cover plate (5); the slurry stopping pipe piece is characterized in that a groove (11) which is as long as the slurry stopping pipe piece (1) is formed in the outer side of the slurry stopping pipe piece (1) along the middle position of the pipe piece, an air bag (6) is arranged in the groove (11), the air bag (6) on the slurry stopping pipe piece (1) is assembled with the pipe piece to form air bag rings (6a), two adjacent slurry stopping rings (1a) are connected through a plurality of intermediate rings (2a), after the air bag (6) is inflated, a closed filling space is formed between the two adjacent air bag rings (6a), and high-performance self-compacting concrete (3) is filled in the closed filling space; drilling rod (4) pass and only starch section of jurisdiction (1) or middle section of jurisdiction (2) stretch into the crack rock section in, install on ending thick liquid ring (1a) inner wall the both sides of apron (5), apron (5) and end the inside grout space that forms of thick liquid ring (1a), the grout space intussuseption is filled with concrete and is formed concrete base (22), the upper end and the apron (5) of drilling rod (4) are fixed, drilling rod (4) be hollow structure, be equipped with out grout hole (41) on drilling rod (4).
2. The double-shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) fractured rock segment quick supporting system according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the groove (11) is 4-6cm, a gas injection hole (12) is formed in the bottom of the groove (11), a sleeve (13) is embedded in the bottom of the gas injection hole (12), a gas pipe (61) is arranged on the gas bag (6), the gas bag (6) is bonded in the groove (11) through waterproof glue (19), and the gas pipe (61) penetrates through the gas injection hole (12).
3. The double-shield TBM fractured rock section quick supporting system according to claim 1, wherein the sides of the grout stopping pipe piece (1) and the middle pipe piece are provided with a convex block (14) and a connecting groove (15) matched with the convex block (14), and the left side and the right side of the plurality of grout stopping pipe pieces (1) are spliced through the convex block (14) and the connecting groove (15) to form a grout stopping ring (1 a); the left side and the right side of the middle pipe pieces (2) are spliced through the protruding blocks (14) and the connecting grooves (15) to form middle rings (2a), and the front side and the rear side of the pulp stopping pipe piece (1) are spliced with the middle pipe pieces (2) through the protruding blocks (14) and the connecting grooves (15); the outer side of the convex block (14) is sequentially wrapped with a sealing adhesive tape (16) and a sponge (17).
4. The double-shield TBM fractured rock section quick supporting system according to claim 1, wherein the grout stopping pipe piece (1) is provided with at least one grouting hole (18).
5. The double-shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) fractured rock section quick supporting system according to claim 1, wherein the cover plate (5) is concave, the middle concave section is provided with a main grouting hole (51), and the two side plate surfaces are provided with a plurality of auxiliary grouting holes (52) and a plurality of fixing holes (53).
6. The double-shield TBM fractured rock section fast supporting system according to claim 5, wherein the drill rod (4) is connected with the cover plate (5) through at least one anti-floating rib (7), the anti-floating rib (7) comprises a straight section (71) and a bent section (72), the straight section (71) is inserted into the drill rod (4), and the bent section (72) penetrates through the grout outlet (41); the top of the straight section (71) passes through the fixing hole (53) and is fixed by the fixing nut (8).
7. The double-shield TBM fractured rock section fast supporting system according to claim 5, wherein a leveling nut (9) is arranged at the joint of the bottom of the cover plate (5) and the anti-floating rib (7) for controlling the elevation of the cover plate (5), and flexible foams (54) are arranged on two sides of the cover plate (5) along the length direction of the cover plate.
8. The double-shield TBM fractured rock section fast supporting system according to claim 5, wherein the straight section (71) of the anti-floating rib (7) is 20-30cm higher than the top surface of the drill rod (4).
9. The double-shield TBM fractured rock section quick supporting system according to claim 5, wherein the joint of the drill rod (4) and the slurry stopping pipe piece (1) and the middle pipe piece (2) is sprayed with water stopping glue (10).
10. A quick construction method for a double-shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) fractured rock section is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, manufacturing a matched duct piece: the slurry stopping pipe piece (1) and the middle pipe piece (2) are respectively provided with a convex block (14) or a connecting groove (15) along the length direction of two sides of the pipe piece, the convex blocks (14) or the connecting grooves (15) are arranged along the width direction of two sides of the pipe piece according to the assembling requirement, wherein the convex blocks (14) are sequentially wrapped with a sealing adhesive tape (16) and a sponge (17), and grouting holes (18) are arranged on two sides of the pipe piece; the left and the right of the grout stopping pipe piece (1) are connected to form a grout stopping ring (1a), and the left and the right of the middle pipe piece (2) are connected to form a middle ring (2 a);
step two, gluing the air bag (6): the air bag (6) with the air pipe (61) is bonded with the whole surface of the groove (11) of the grout stopping pipe piece (1) by using waterproof glue (19), and the air pipe (61) penetrates through the air injection hole (12) to reach the inside of the grout stopping ring (1 a);
step three, confirming a fractured rock section (20): carrying out rock stratum quality inspection by using detection equipment, and determining the positions of bad rock masses such as a water burst section and a fracture section when the TBM is tunneled;
step four, duct piece installation: the method comprises the following steps that (1) segment installation of a fractured rock segment (20) is carried out by using a double-shield TBM, a grout stopping ring (1a) is inserted after every 6 middle rings (2a) are installed, and a protruding block (14) between the grout stopping segment (1) and the middle segment (2) is embedded into a connecting groove (15) to form a tight water stopping connecting structure;
step five, inflating the air bag (6): after the grout stopping pipe piece (1) is installed, a bolt (21) with a through hole is screwed into a sleeve (13) in the grout stopping pipe piece (1), an air pipe (61) penetrates out of the through hole of the bolt (21), an air bag (6) is inflated by using external inflation equipment, the air bag (6) is filled in a gap between the grout stopping pipe piece (1) and peripheral surrounding rocks (23), an intelligent pressurizer (24) is installed at the end part of the air pipe (61) after inflation is completed, the internal air pressure of the air bag (6) is monitored in real time, and the internal air pressure of the air bag (6) is ensured to be stable and sufficient;
step six, concrete backfilling: when grouting is carried out at the initial section, a closed filling space is formed between the air bag rings (6a) of two adjacent grout stopping rings (1a), and high-performance self-compacting concrete (3) is injected between the adjacent grout stopping rings (1a) by using grouting equipment; when grouting is carried out at a subsequent section, firstly removing the intelligent pressurizer (24), evacuating the air in the rear side air bag ring (6a), inflating the air bag ring (6a) on the front side grout stopping ring (1a), continuously forming a sealed filling space of a bag and poured concrete, screwing out a bolt (21) with a through hole after the air bag (6) is evacuated, separating an air pipe (61), filling the air injection hole (12) with plugging mortar, bonding the evacuated air bag (6) in the groove (11), and covering the outer side with filled high-performance self-compacting concrete (3); continuously backfilling high-performance self-compacting concrete in the closed filling space at the rear side by the construction mode until the whole fractured rock section is backfilled;
step seven, drilling construction: symmetrically drilling the bottom of a grout stopping pipe piece (1) or a middle pipe piece (2) in the area of a bottom fractured rock section (20) on the basis of the grout stopping pipe piece (1) or the middle pipe piece (2) which is subjected to grouting construction, connecting a drill rod (4) through drilling equipment, drilling the bottom grout stopping pipe piece (1) and the middle pipe piece (2) to the inside of the fractured rock section (20), leveling and straightening the drill rod (4) after penetrating the drill rod (4), and exposing the drill rod (4) out of the grout stopping pipe piece or the middle pipe piece by 5-15 cm;
step eight, grouting and anti-floating: a mud jacking pipe of the grouting equipment extends into the bottom of the drill rod (4), grouting is carried out inside the drill rod (4), cement slurry flows to the fractured rock section (20) through a slurry outlet hole (41), after grouting is finished, the grouting equipment is put forward, two bending sections (72) of the anti-floating ribs (7) are downwards symmetrically inserted into the slurry outlet hole (41) in the bottom of the drill rod (4), straight sections (71) of the anti-floating ribs (7) are exposed out of the top surface of the drill rod (4) by 20-30cm, and then grouting is carried out inside the drill rod (4);
step nine, the drilling rod (4) penetrates through the grout stopping ring (1a) to prevent water: adjusting the gap between the drill rod (4) and the grout stopping ring (1a), and spraying a water stopping adhesive (10) at the gap for flexible waterproofing;
step ten, manufacturing a cover plate (5): a main grouting hole (51) is formed in the middle concave section of the cover plate (5), a plurality of auxiliary grouting holes (52) and a plurality of fixing holes (53) are symmetrically formed in the plate surfaces on the two sides, and flexible foams (54) are arranged on the two sides of the cover plate (5) in the length direction;
eleven, installing a cover plate (5): screwing leveling nuts (9) into the tops of the anti-floating ribs (7) exposed out of the drill rods (4), controlling the heights of the four adjacent leveling nuts (9), inserting the cover plates (5) into the anti-floating ribs (7) along fixing holes (53) on the periphery of the cover plates (5), controlling the elevations of the cover plates (5) by using the leveling nuts (9), screwing the fixing nuts (8), firmly controlling the cover plates (5), and carrying out next cover plate (5) installation in the same process until the installation of the cover plates (5) of the full-fracture rock section (20) is completed;
step twelve, grouting space pouring: concrete is poured into the main grouting hole (51) by using concrete pouring equipment, the filling condition of the concrete is observed by using the auxiliary grouting hole (52), the concrete is not completely filled, and the auxiliary grouting hole (52) is used for performing supplementary pouring on the concrete to form a concrete base (22);
step thirteen, the cover plate (5) is recycled: after the poured concrete base (22) reaches the design strength, the fixing nuts (8) and the cover plates (5) are sequentially removed, the anti-floating ribs (7) exposing the concrete base (22) are cut off, and construction is completed.
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