CN112997934A - Method for promoting reproductive capacity of parent stichopus japonicus - Google Patents
Method for promoting reproductive capacity of parent stichopus japonicus Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for promoting the fertility improvement of stichopus japonicus parents, which belongs to the technical field of stichopus japonicus parent cultivation and comprises the following steps: s1, harvesting, screening and transporting the ginseng seeds; s2, after the breeding seeds are put in, injecting nano oxygen into the aquaculture water body to enable the dissolved oxygen content of the aquaculture water body to reach 30-35mg/L, and continuously cultivating in a high-level nano oxygen environment; s3, feeding the enhanced feed into the aquaculture water, and culturing for 50-60 days at a natural temperature in a high-level nano oxygen environment of S2 until the water temperature is reduced to 2-3 ℃; s4, performing programmed temperature rise and ripening of the seed breeding programs under the high-level nano oxygen environment to promote the gonad development of the seed breeding programs; s5, stimulating the parent ginseng to lay eggs and discharge sperm by adopting a mode of alternately injecting high-dissolved-oxygen running water and low-dissolved-oxygen running water for 30min on the next day of natural sperm discharge of the male ginseng; and S6, collecting eggs, and finishing the cultivation of the stichopus japonicus parents. The method can efficiently promote the fertility of the breeding seeds and promote the physical health of the breeding seeds, and has strong stress resistance, easy operation and easy popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stichopus japonicus parent cultivation, in particular to a method for promoting the fertility improvement of stichopus japonicus parents.
Background
Stichopus japonicus (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka) belongs to Echinodermata (Echinodermata), Apostichopus japonicus (Holothuroidea), Apostichopus japonicus (Stichopodidae), Apostichopus japonicus (Apostichopus), and has high nutritional, health-care and medical values. The stichopus japonicus breeding industry is a prop industry of coastal fishery economy in north China, after 2000 years, the artificial ripening technology of stichopus japonicus is gradually established, the stichopus japonicus is cultivated indoors, and the growth of the gonads of the stichopus japonicus is promoted by manually regulating and controlling conditions such as temperature, illumination, nutrition and the like. In recent years, with the increasing demand of people and the increasing harvesting strength, the resource amount of the stichopus japonicus is sharply reduced. The exhaustion of natural resources and the increasing market demand stimulate the rapid development of the artificial cultivation of stichopus japonicus. In recent years, the cultivation scale of stichopus japonicus is continuously enlarged, and the stichopus japonicus species industry is continuously developed.
At present, most of the stichopus japonicus breeding in the stichopus japonicus breeding industry is selected from pond breeding, and the stichopus japonicus breeding under the pond breeding condition has the advantages which are incomparable to wild stichopus japonicus breeding collection, especially in the aspects of breeding mode, capturing mode and the like. The method for promoting the maturation of stichopus japonicus in production generally adopts the processes of collecting and catching the stichopus japonicus in advance, temporarily culturing in a cement pond, gradually raising the temperature and the like, and simultaneously enhances the nutrition of the stichopus japonicus to promote the maturation of the stichopus japonicus, and the key principle is to meet the temperature and the nutrition required by the gonad development of the stichopus japonicus.
However, most of the seedlings have the problems of germplasm degeneration, poor stress resistance, low survival rate of later-stage seedlings, slow growth speed and the like at different degrees, particularly the problems of low egg laying amount, fertilized egg quality, hatchability and the like, and the development of the stichopus japonicus breeding industry is directly limited. Therefore, a method for efficiently improving the breeding force of the collected breeding seeds in the pond is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for promoting the fertility of stichopus japonicus parents to be improved, which adopts high-level nano oxygen to be matched with accurate nutrition additive supply in the cultivation period and the ripening period, adopts ultrahigh dissolved oxygen and low dissolved oxygen to be alternately stimulated in the reproduction promoting period, thereby being capable of efficiently improving the fertility of stichopus japonicus, promoting the generation of physical health of the stichopus japonicus and having strong stress resistance.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
A method for promoting the fertility improvement of parent bodies of stichopus japonicus comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting and cultivating stichopus japonicus in a cultivating pond with a plurality of areas with water temperatures of 12-13 ℃ as seed sea;
s2, after the breeding seeds are put into the aquaculture water body, injecting nano oxygen into the aquaculture water body, and increasing the dissolved oxygen content of the aquaculture water body at a speed of 5 mg/L.h to make the dissolved oxygen content of the aquaculture water body reach 30-35mg/L, and continuously cultivating in a high-level nano oxygen environment;
s3, feeding the enhanced feed into the aquaculture water, and culturing for 50-60 days at a natural temperature in a high-level nano oxygen environment of S2 until the water temperature is reduced to 2-3 ℃;
the reinforced feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-80% of sea mud, 8-10% of fish meal, 10-15% of sargassum thunbergii powder, 15-20% of sargassum powder, 3-5% of spirulina powder and 1% of compound vitamin;
s4, performing programmed temperature rise and ripening of the seed breeding seeds under the high-level nano oxygen environment of S2 to promote gonad development of the seed breeding seeds;
s5, stimulating the parent ginseng to lay eggs and discharge sperm by adopting a mode of alternately injecting high-dissolved-oxygen running water and low-dissolved-oxygen running water for 30min on the next day of natural sperm discharge of the male ginseng;
wherein the content of nano oxygen in the high dissolved oxygen flowing water is 30-35 mg/L; the content of the nano oxygen of the low dissolved oxygen flowing water is 5-6 mg/L;
and S6, collecting eggs, and finishing the cultivation of the stichopus japonicus parents.
Further, in S1, after harvesting, screening is required and individuals with a weight of 200g + -5 g are obtained.
Furthermore, in S2, the breeding density of the breeding seeds reaches 40-50 heads/m3。
Further, in S2, the water temperature of the aquaculture water body is 11-12 ℃.
Further, in S3, the fortified feed further comprises a fortifying additive, wherein the fortifying additive is added in the fortified feed in an amount of 1%; the reinforcing additive is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: vitamin E10%, phospholipid 10%, folic acid 0.05%, and carrier 79.95%.
Furthermore, the carrier is polycrystalline cellulose or degummed kelp powder.
Further, S4-S5 continuously feeds the reinforced feed.
Further, in S4, the specific operation process involved in the programmed temperature rise and ripening is as follows:
keeping for 2-3 days in the high-level nano oxygen environment of S2 when the water temperature reaches 2-3 ℃; raising the temperature by 1 ℃ every day until the water temperature reaches 6 ℃, and culturing for 7 days at constant temperature; then raising the temperature by 0.5 ℃ every day until the water temperature reaches 10 ℃, and culturing for 7 days at constant temperature; thereafter, the temperature was raised by 0.3 ℃ daily until the water temperature reached 16 ℃ and the incubation was continued at 16 ℃.
Further, in S6, the timing of egg collection was selected at 18 pm: 00 and keeping the water temperature at 18-20 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method adopts small-size breeding seeds harvested in a non-wild way, and has the advantages of low cost, controllable parents, traceability, high breeding efficiency and the like which cannot be compared with the traditional mode.
2. The method of the invention adopts high-level nano oxygen to match with the supply of the accurate nutrition additive in the cultivation period and the ripening period, improves the accumulation efficiency of nutrient substances, fully utilizes the nutrition accumulation period of breeding seeds, enables low-weight seeds to accumulate more breeding nutrition and achieves the breeding efficiency of large-size seeds. Meanwhile, compared with liquid oxygen, the nano oxygen can reach higher water body dissolved oxygen content without causing rapid change of water temperature.
3. The method adopts programmed temperature rise during the maturing period to ensure that the water temperature is gradually increased in a planned way so as to promote the gonad development of the seed breeding seeds. And high-quality feed with rich nutrient substances is used as reinforced feed, and the reinforced additive is added into the reinforced feed, so that the nutrient substances are quickly accumulated, the nutrient accumulation of the gonads of the ginseng is improved, and the gonad development of the ginseng is further promoted.
4. In the propagation promoting period, the invention adopts the alternate stimulation of ultrahigh dissolved oxygen and low dissolved oxygen. Compared with the traditional spawning induction mode, the stress caused by other stimulation (injection, shade drying and the like) is reduced, the quality of the fertilized eggs is obviously improved, and the hatching rate is obviously improved. Compared with the method of stimulating the spawning with extremely low dissolved oxygen, the stress stimulation to the breeding seeds is also reduced.
5. The method provided by the invention aims at low-weight stichopus japonicus collected in a pond, and provides a stichopus japonicus parent breeding method which can efficiently improve the reproductive capacity of the stichopus japonicus, promote the generation of healthy physique of the stichopus japonicus and has strong stress resistance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the programmed cultivation, ripening and spawning promotion in the method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a bar graph of the difference of gonadal indexes of the stichopus japonicus bred by the conventional method.
FIG. 3 is a bar graph comparing the discharge rate of hastening parturition of stichopus japonicus processed by the embodiment of the present invention with that of stichopus japonicus cultivated by the conventional method.
FIG. 4 is a bar graph comparing the oviposition of stichopus japonicus processed by the embodiment of the present invention with that of stichopus japonicus cultivated by the conventional method.
FIG. 5 is a bar graph comparing the hatchability of fertilized eggs of stichopus japonicus species treated by the present invention and the stichopus japonicus species cultured by the conventional method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for promoting the fertility improvement of parent stichopus japonicus comprises the following steps:
s1 catching, screening and transporting ginseng
Collecting and culturing stichopus japonicus in a plurality of culture ponds with the water temperature of 12-13 ℃ as stichopus japonicus seeds; after harvesting the breeding seeds, screening the breeding seeds and obtaining individuals with the weight of 200g +/-5 g.
S1.1, harvesting and catching of the sea cucumbers: the artificial temperature raising seedling raising needs to adopt and catch the stichopus japonicus in advance for artificial temperature raising cultivation to promote the gonad of the stichopus japonicus to be mature, and the stichopus japonicus cultivated in the cultivation ponds of more than 3 areas is caught by using the original parents as different geographical groups when the seawater temperature of the cultivation ponds of the stichopus japonicus reaches 12-13 ℃ in 11 months each year. The diver diving catches, hands, tools, ships and containers cannot be stained with oil stains, the diver lightly holds the device each time, the number of the divers caught in one time is not too large, and the divers are prevented from being squeezed by each other to cause dirtiness of the parent sea cucumbers. The caught seeds should be placed in a shade with good water quality and kept at a low temperature to prevent the direct irradiation of sunlight to cause stimulation.
S1.2, screening of the breeding seeds: the screening of the ginseng mainly comprises the following steps: the appearance indexes are body shape, meat thorn, foot walking and the like; screening out cylindrical cucumber-shaped individuals with back slightly raised, longitudinal 4-6 rows of irregularly arranged conical meat stabs (warts) with different sizes on the back, flat ventral surface, dense tube feet, 3 irregular longitudinal bands and weight of about 200 g.
S1.3, transporting the breeding seeds: the screened ginseng needs to be transported to indoor cultivation, the local breeding seeds can be transported by a dry method, the allopatric breeding seeds are transported by filling the polyethylene bags with seawater, 1/3 seawater is added into the bags, 5-6 head ginseng per liter of water is placed into the incubator, and temperature control is not needed. According to the actual situation, the transportation is carried by air or land.
S2 cultivation of seed ginseng
After the breeding seeds are put into the aquaculture water body, injecting nano oxygen into the aquaculture water body, and increasing the dissolved oxygen content of the aquaculture water body at the speed of 5 mg/L.h, so that the dissolved oxygen content of the aquaculture water body reaches a high-level nano oxygen environment of 30-35mg/L, and continuously culturing in the high-level nano oxygen environment;
s2.1, injecting high-level nano oxygen: in an indoor cement pond, a nano aerator is used for injecting high-level nano oxygen, after breeding seeds are put in, the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water body is gradually increased at the speed of 5 mg/L.h, so that the content of the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water body finally reaches 30-35mg/L, and the cultivation in a high-level nano oxygen environment is continued. The nanometer oxygen has incomparable advantages with liquid oxygen, the liquid oxygen has low solubility in water, and the high concentration liquid oxygen easily causes rapid drop of water temperature and can not reach the ultrahigh dissolved oxygen of 30 mg/L.
S2.2, breeding density in a breeding period: due to high concentration of dissolved oxygen and low weight parent, the breeding density can reach 40-50 heads/m3And the breeding density is far higher than the traditional breeding density, and the breeding quantity of the breeding seeds in a unit water body is greatly improved.
S3, breeding stage
After harvesting the seeds, culturing the seeds in an indoor cement pond, wherein the water temperature is 11-12 ℃, and the seeds are cultured in a nano-oxygen environment at natural temperature, and the dissolved oxygen is 30-35 mg/L. Feeding with reinforced feed for 50-60 days until the water temperature is reduced to 2-3 deg.C.
The reinforced feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-80% of sea mud, 8-10% of fish meal, 10-15% of sargassum thunbergii powder, 15-20% of sargassum powder, 3-5% of spirulina powder and 1% of compound vitamin.
In the breeding period, high-quality feed with rich nutrient substances is generally used as reinforced feed, and the reinforced feed and additive formula is adopted for feeding in the whole temporary breeding process. Adding a strengthening additive on the basis of a feed formula, wherein the addition amount of the strengthening additive in the strengthening feed is 1 percent; the strengthening additive is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: vitamin E10%, phospholipid 10%, folic acid 0.05%, and carrier 79.95%. Wherein vitamin E is recommended by Disemann corporation (DSM)
E50 or domestic vitamin E acetate; the phospholipid is powdered soybean lecithin; the folic acid can be domestic folic acid powder; carrierThe body is made of polycrystalline cellulose or degummed kelp powder.
S4, temperature rising and ripening of ginseng program
The maturing process is to make the water temperature rise gradually in a planned way so as to promote the gonad development of the breeding seeds. Under the high dissolved oxygen environment, the dissolved oxygen is 30-35mg/L, and when the water temperature reaches 2-3 ℃, the water is kept for 2-3 days; then, the temperature is raised by 1 ℃ every day until the water temperature reaches 6 ℃, and the cultivation is carried out for 7 days at constant temperature; then raising the temperature by 0.5 ℃ every day until the water temperature reaches 10 ℃, and culturing for 7 days at constant temperature; then the temperature is raised by 0.3 ℃ every day until the water temperature reaches 16 ℃, and the cultivation is continued at 16 ℃;
s5, induction of labor and fertilization
Until the second day when male ginseng naturally discharges sperm, adopting a mode of alternately injecting high dissolved oxygen running water and low dissolved oxygen running water for 30min respectively to stimulate parent ginseng to lay eggs and discharge sperm; wherein the content of the nano oxygen in the high dissolved oxygen flowing water is 30-35 mg/L; the content of the nano oxygen of the low dissolved oxygen flowing water is 5-6 mg/L;
the parent ginseng is stimulated to lay eggs and discharge sperms by a high dissolved oxygen and low dissolved oxygen alternate method for 30min respectively, and compared with traditional propagation promoting means such as injection and shade drying, the method adopts the dissolved oxygen stimulation to reduce the stress generated by other stimulation, improve the quality of fertilized eggs and improve the hatching rate. Compared with the method of stimulating the spawning with extremely low dissolved oxygen, the stress stimulation to the breeding seeds is also reduced.
S4-S5, the reinforced feed and the reinforced additive are continuously fed.
And S6, collecting eggs, and finishing the cultivation of the stichopus japonicus parents.
The egg collecting time is selected at 18:00 evening, and under the condition that the water temperature is about 18-20 ℃, the egg laying effect of the stichopus japonicus is good. When the seeds gather at the corner, part of the seeds move to the surface of the pond water and the genital hole is closed and becomes dark, the spawning symptom begins to appear. The male ginseng is discharged to be white smog thin line, and the stichopus japonicus parent cultivation work is completed when the female ginseng is discharged to be orange thin line.
Example 1
Respectively harvesting 6000 heads (180 plus 200 g/head) of small-sized stichopus japonicus in 3 stichopus japonicus breeding fields in the large and continuous local area 11 months in 2019, and respectively placing the small-sized stichopus japonicus breeding fields into 3 cement ponds (40 heads/m) in the local breeding field workshop3) Middle cultureAnd (5) breeding. Injecting high-level nano oxygen by using a nano oxygen increasing machine, after the breeding seeds are put in, gradually increasing the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water body at the speed of 5 mg/L.h, enabling the content of the dissolved oxygen in the aquaculture water body to finally reach 30-35mg/L, and continuously culturing in a high-level nano oxygen environment.
During the period, the feed is fed by adopting reinforced feed and additives, and the daily feeding amount is 4 percent of the weight of the breeding seeds in the pond. The feed formula comprises 70% of sea mud, 5% of fish meal, 10% of sargassum thunbergii powder, 10% of sargassum powder, 3% of spirulina powder, 1% of compound vitamin and 1% of a reinforcing additive. The formula of the strengthening additive comprises 100g/kg of vitamin E, 100g/kg of phospholipid, 0.5g/kg of folic acid and 799.5g/kg of carrier, wherein the vitamin E is domestic vitamin E acetate, the phospholipid is powdery domestic soybean lecithin, the folic acid is domestic folic acid powder, and the carrier is degummed kelp powder.
Culturing for 2 months in 2020, cooling the water to about 3 deg.C, raising the temperature to 1 deg.C to 6 deg.C every day under high dissolved oxygen environment, culturing for 7 days at constant temperature of 6 deg.C, then raising the temperature to 0.5 deg.C to 10 deg.C every day, culturing for 7 days at constant temperature of 10 deg.C, and raising the temperature to 0.3 deg.C to 16 deg.C every day, and culturing under the condition of keeping dissolved oxygen at 35 mg/L.
And in 4 months of 2020, sampling to determine the sex gland index of the stichopus japonicus. Wherein, the gonadal index is gonadal weight/viscera removed weight of the stichopus japonicus x 100%.
Randomly taking 2000 ginseng seeds, putting the ginseng seeds into a spawning pond, injecting high dissolved oxygen seawater of 30-35mg/L into the spawning pond in advance, keeping the water temperature at 18-20 ℃ for 30min, injecting low dissolved oxygen seawater of 5-6mg/L into the spawning pond for 30min, keeping the water temperature unchanged, injecting running water with the dissolved oxygen content controlled, and alternately treating until spawning and spermiation are finished.
After induced spawning, calculating the seed breeding discharge rate, and counting and calculating the average spawning amount and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs by adopting a random sampling method. Wherein, the apostichopus japonicus discharging rate is (ovulation female parameter + ejaculation male parameter)/the total number of the spawning induction seed is multiplied by 100%.
Comparative example 1
Correspondingly, the embodiment implementing unit of the invention adopts the traditional method for cultivation in other cultivation pools, and the specific method is as follows.
Collecting 11 months in 2019 in Dalian local stichopus japonicus breeding farmSeed harvesting seeds (350-3. The content of dissolved oxygen is kept between 5mg/L and 7mg/L, and other environmental conditions are basically consistent with the method related to the embodiment 1 of the invention.
The breeding period adopts conventional feed, and the daily feeding amount is 4% of the weight of the breeding seeds in the pond. The feed formula comprises 70% of sea mud, 5% of fish meal, 10% of sargassum thunbergii powder, 10% of sargassum powder, 3% of spirulina powder and 1% of compound vitamin.
Culturing for 2 months in 2020, cooling to about 3 deg.C, heating to 1 deg.C to 6 deg.C every day, culturing at 6 deg.C for 7 days, heating to 0.5 deg.C to 10 deg.C every day, culturing at 10 deg.C for 7 days, and heating to 0.3 deg.C to 16 deg.C every day.
In 4 months of 2020, the sex gland index of the stichopus japonicus is measured by sampling and is compared with the sex gland index of the stichopus japonicus bred by the method disclosed in the embodiment 1 of the invention. Wherein, the gonad index is gonad weight/viscera removed weight of stichopus japonicus x 100 percent
The traditional method is adopted for hastening parturition, and the specific method is as follows.
Putting the breeding seeds cultured by the traditional culture method into a spawning pond, and promoting the breeding seeds to spawn and discharge sperms by adopting a method of drying in the shade for 30min and then stimulating for 30min with running water until the spawning and the sperms discharge are finished.
After induced spawning, calculating the seed breeding discharge rate, and counting and calculating the average spawning amount and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs by adopting a random sampling method.
Wherein, the apostichopus japonicus discharging rate is (ovulation female parameter + ejaculation male parameter)/the total number of the spawning induction seed is multiplied by 100%.
The gonad index of stichopus japonicus obtained in example 1 of the present invention was compared with the gonad index of stichopus japonicus obtained by feeding the stichopus japonicus according to the conventional breeding method used in comparative example 1. The comparison result of the reference gonadal indexes is shown in fig. 2.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, compared with the traditional cultivation method, the gonadal index of the ginseng subjected to high-level nano-oxygen matched precise nutrition enhancement supply reaches 14.41 +/-0.27, which is obviously superior to that of the traditional cultivation method, and the gonadal index is 29.70% higher than that of the traditional method.
The emission rate of the stichopus japonicus seeds calculated in the example 1 of the invention is compared with the emission rate of the stichopus japonicus seeds calculated by the conventional breeding method adopted in the comparative example 1. The results of comparing the discharge rates of the induced spawning are shown in fig. 3.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the emission rate of stichopus japonicus was significantly higher than that of the conventional method (drying in the shade, injection or low oxygen stimulation) using the oxytocic method of example 1, i.e., the high-level nano-oxygen seawater environment, compared to the conventional seawater environment alternate stimulation method of comparative example 1. The sperm and egg discharge rate of the stichopus japonicus in the embodiment 1 of the invention reaches 95.71 +/-1.1%, which is 25.38% higher than that of the traditional spawning induction method. Meanwhile, the method of the embodiment 1 of the invention has the advantages of small stimulation to the breeding seeds, good effect, high efficiency and labor-saving induction time.
After induced spawning, the average spawning amount and the fertilized egg hatching rate are counted and calculated by adopting a random sampling method, and the spawning amounts of the stichopus japonicus species treated by adopting the embodiment 1 of the invention and the stichopus japonicus species treated by adopting the traditional cultivation method adopted by the comparative example 1 are compared, wherein the comparison result of the spawning amounts of the stichopus japonicus species is shown in fig. 4. The hatching rates of fertilized eggs of stichopus japonicus species treated in example 1 of the present invention and the stichopus japonicus species treated in the conventional breeding method in comparative example 1 were compared, wherein the comparison results of the hatching rates of the fertilized eggs of stichopus japonicus species are shown in fig. 5.
As can be seen from the results shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, the average egg laying amount of the breeding seeds cultured in example 1 of the present invention can reach 379 + -6.9 ten thousand eggs, and the hatching rate can reach 97.10 + -1.10%, which is respectively 30.69% and 5.07% higher than that of the traditional method. It can be seen that the oviposition and hatchability of example 1 of the present invention are significantly higher than those of the conventional methods. Considering the specification and the cultivation cost of the stichopus japonicus selenka, the method of the embodiment 1 greatly improves the breeding efficiency of the stichopus japonicus selenka seedling raising field, reduces the breeding cost and improves the economic benefit.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for promoting the fertility improvement of parent bodies of stichopus japonicus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting and cultivating stichopus japonicus in a cultivating pond with a plurality of areas with water temperatures of 12-13 ℃ as seed sea;
s2, after the breeding seeds are put into the aquaculture water body, injecting nano oxygen into the aquaculture water body, and increasing the dissolved oxygen content of the aquaculture water body at a speed of 5 mg/L.h to make the dissolved oxygen content of the aquaculture water body reach 30-35mg/L, and continuously cultivating in a high-level nano oxygen environment;
s3, feeding the enhanced feed into the aquaculture water, and culturing for 50-60 days at a natural temperature in a high-level nano oxygen environment of S2 until the water temperature is reduced to 2-3 ℃;
the reinforced feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60-80% of sea mud, 8-10% of fish meal, 10-15% of sargassum thunbergii powder, 15-20% of sargassum powder, 3-5% of spirulina powder and 1% of compound vitamin;
s4, performing programmed temperature rise and ripening of the seed breeding seeds under the high-level nano oxygen environment of S2 to promote gonad development of the seed breeding seeds;
s5, stimulating the parent ginseng to lay eggs and discharge sperm by adopting a mode of alternately injecting high-dissolved-oxygen running water and low-dissolved-oxygen running water for 30min on the next day of natural sperm discharge of the male ginseng;
wherein the content of nano oxygen in the high dissolved oxygen flowing water is 30-35 mg/L; the content of the nano oxygen of the low dissolved oxygen flowing water is 5-6 mg/L;
and S6, collecting eggs, and finishing the cultivation of the stichopus japonicus parents.
2. The method for promoting the fertility of parent bodies of stichopus japonicus according to claim 1, wherein in S1, after harvesting the stichopus japonicus, screening is required and individuals with the weight of 200g +/-5 g are obtained.
3. The method for promoting the increase of the reproductive capacity of parent sea cucumbers according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the breeding density of the sea cucumbers reaches 40-50 heads/m3。
4. The method for promoting the increase of the reproductive capacity of parent sea cucumbers according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the temperature of the culture water is 11-12 ℃.
5. The method for promoting the increase of the reproductive capacity of parent sea cucumbers according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the fortified feed further comprises a fortifying additive, and the addition amount of the fortifying additive in the fortified feed is 1%; the reinforcing additive is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: vitamin E10%, phospholipid 10%, folic acid 0.05%, and carrier 79.95%.
6. The method for promoting the increase of the reproductive capacity of parent sea cucumbers according to claim 5, wherein the carrier is polycrystalline cellulose or degummed kelp powder.
7. The method for promoting the increase of the reproductive capacity of parent sea cucumber according to claim 1, wherein the reinforced feed is continuously fed in the steps of S4-S5.
8. The method for promoting the fertility of parent bodies of stichopus japonicus according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the specific operation processes involved in the temperature rise and ripening are as follows:
keeping for 2-3 days in the high-level nano oxygen environment of S2 when the water temperature reaches 2-3 ℃; raising the temperature by 1 ℃ every day until the water temperature reaches 6 ℃, and culturing for 7 days at constant temperature; then raising the temperature by 0.5 ℃ every day until the water temperature reaches 10 ℃, and culturing for 7 days at constant temperature; thereafter, the temperature was raised by 0.3 ℃ daily until the water temperature reached 16 ℃ and the incubation was continued at 16 ℃.
9. The method for promoting the fertility improvement of parent bodies of stichopus japonicus according to claim 1, wherein in S6, the egg collection time is selected from 18:00 and keeping the water temperature at 18-20 ℃.
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