CN112981935A - 一种车内自清洁材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种车内自清洁材料及其制备方法。所述车内自清洁材料为超疏水整理液处理过的面料。本发明采用乙烯基三(β‑甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯改性纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO，制备超疏水整理液，可以将纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO均匀负载在涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔等面料上，适用范围广。自清洁材料制备过程中对面料进行退浆处理，促进超疏水组分的渗入和均匀分布，使得制备的产品超疏水性能进一步增强。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于车内饰材料制备技术领域，具体涉及一种车内自清洁材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
车内饰材料一般有面料，皮料和高分子塑料等材料，面料容易吸附尘土，皮料吸油，塑料材料沾染污染物后，不容易清洗，塑料材质的内饰长久使用或者在光曝晒的情况下，会发黄发脆，影响使用寿命和使用体验，因此研究自清洁车内饰材料具有中药的意义。
材料的自清洁性能的本质是具有超疏水结构，超疏水表面指水接触角大于150°的表面。实现纺织品的超疏水自清洁功能主要有两个途径：一是降低表面能，比如加入低表面能物质如含氟化合物。第二种方法是在纺织品表面构造出“微纳结构”，也就是构建超疏水表面，使纺织品表面具有“荷叶效应”。
纳米TiO2负载到面料表面可以提高面料的超疏水性能，还可以通过光催化作用杀菌，达到自清洁的效果，但是纳米TiO2负载到面料上一般往往需要先将面料浸泡在具有强酸性的溶液中，容易对面料结构造成损害；纳米ZnO负载到面料上也可以提高面料的超疏水性能，但仅限于涤纶等高分子化合物制备的面料，负载于棉、麻、皮等制备的面料上效果不明显。对其改性可以改变材料的性质，克服其缺陷，目前，还未有同时改性纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO用于制备超疏水面料的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种车内自清洁材料及其制备方法。
一种车内自清洁材料，所述车内自清洁材料为超疏水整理液处理过的面料。
所述超疏水整理液制备方法如下：
(1)将0.3-0.6g纳米TiO2和0.3-0.6g纳米ZnO加入到150mL去离子水中，以300-800rpm的速率磁力搅拌3-5h，超声1-3h；
(2)加入2-15g改性剂，以300-800rpm的速率磁力搅拌1-3h；制成。
所述改性剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯按照质量比1：1混合的混合物。
所述超声的功率为300-600W，频率为20-40K。
所述面料为涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔中的一种或一种以上。
所述车内自清洁材料的制备方法，按照如下步骤进行：
(1)取0.5-2.5g表面活性剂和3-10g弱碱加入到1000mL去离子水中，升温至55-75℃，用乳化机乳化5-15min，加入面料，以100-300rpm/min的速率机械搅拌2-5h后取出，室温下晾干；
(2)将步骤(1)经过退浆处理的面料浸入疏水整理液中，织物完全被整理液浸没，浸泡40-90min后，在烘箱中干燥100-150min。
所述表面活性剂为吐温20、吐温60、吐温80、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺中的一种或一种以上。
所述弱碱为NaHCO3、NH4HCO3、NH3·H2O中的一种或一种以上。
所述烘箱干燥的温度为65-75℃。
本发明的有益效果：本发明采用乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯改性纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO，制备超疏水整理液，可以将纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO均匀负载在涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔等面料上，适用范围广。自清洁材料制备过程中对面料进行退浆处理，促进超疏水组分的渗入和均匀分布，使得制备的产品超疏水性能进一步增强。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将对本发明进行更全面的描述。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
实施例1纳米TiO2负载各材质面料的接触角增量
涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔面料购买自绍兴蓝典纺织品有限公司；采用上海轩准仪器有限公司的SZ-CAMA1型接触角测试仪测试各材料处理前后接触角，并计算接触角增量：
接触角增量％＝(处理后接触角-处理前接触角)/处理前接触角X100％
材料处理方法：将0.6g纳米TiO2加入到150mL去离子水中，以500rpm的速率磁力搅拌4h，在超声的功率为400W，频率为28K条件下超声2h，制成超疏水整理液；将上述材质的面料浸入疏水整理液中，织物完全被整理液浸没，浸泡60min后，在烘箱中干燥120min。
接触角增量测定结果见表1：
表1
由表1可以看出，采用纳米TiO2简单处理各种类型的面料，均增大了接触角，但程度差异大，接触角最大增大到115.3±7.1°，未达到超疏水的要求。
实施例2纳米ZnO负载各材质面料的接触角增量
涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔面料购买自绍兴蓝典纺织品有限公司；采用上海轩准仪器有限公司的SZ-CAMA1型接触角测试仪测试各材料处理前后接触角，并计算接触角增量：
接触角增量％＝(处理后接触角-处理前接触角)/处理前接触角X100％
材料处理方法：将0.6g纳米ZnO加入到150mL去离子水中，以500rpm的速率磁力搅拌4h，在超声的功率为400W，频率为28K条件下超声2h，制成超疏水整理液；将上述材质的面料浸入疏水整理液中，织物完全被整理液浸没，浸泡60min后，在烘箱中干燥120min。
接触角增量测定结果见表2：
表2
由表2可以看出，采用纳米ZnO简单处理各种类型的面料，均增大了接触角，但程度差异大，接触角最大增大到125.3±4.1°，未达到超疏水的要求。
实施例3纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO负载各材质面料的接触角增量
涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔面料购买自绍兴蓝典纺织品有限公司；采用上海轩准仪器有限公司的SZ-CAMA1型接触角测试仪测试各材料处理前后接触角，并计算接触角增量：
接触角增量％＝(处理后接触角-处理前接触角)/处理前接触角X100％
材料处理方法：将0.3g纳米TiO2和0.3g纳米ZnO加入到150mL去离子水中，以500rpm的速率磁力搅拌4h，在超声的功率为400W，频率为28K条件下超声2h，制成超疏水整理液；将上述材质的面料浸入疏水整理液中，织物完全被整理液浸没，浸泡60min后，在烘箱中干燥120min。
接触角增量测定结果见表3：
表3
由表3可以看出，采用纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO复合简单处理各种类型的面料，均增大了接触角，接触角增量差异小，接触角最大增大到145.3±4.6°，接近超疏水的要求。
实施例4乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷改性纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO复合物后负载各材质面料的接触角增量
涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔面料购买自绍兴蓝典纺织品有限公司；采用上海轩准仪器有限公司的SZ-CAMA1型接触角测试仪测试各材料处理前后接触角，并计算接触角增量：
接触角增量％＝(处理后接触角-处理前接触角)/处理前接触角X100％
材料处理方法：将0.3g纳米TiO2和0.3g纳米ZnO加入到150mL去离子水中，以500rpm的速率磁力搅拌4h，在超声的功率为400W，频率为28K条件下超声2h；加入8g乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷，以600rpm的速率磁力搅拌2h，制成制成超疏水整理液；将上述材质的面料浸入疏水整理液中，织物完全被整理液浸没，浸泡60min后，在烘箱中干燥120min。
接触角增量测定结果见表4：
表4
由表4可以看出，采用乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷改性的纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO处理各种类型的面料，均增大了接触角，与未改性前相比，接触角有小幅增大。
实施例5二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯改性纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO复合物后负载各材质面料的接触角增量
涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔面料购买自绍兴蓝典纺织品有限公司；采用上海轩准仪器有限公司的SZ-CAMA1型接触角测试仪测试各材料处理前后接触角，并计算接触角增量：
接触角增量％＝(处理后接触角-处理前接触角)/处理前接触角X100％
材料处理方法：将0.3g纳米TiO2和0.3g纳米ZnO加入到150mL去离子水中，以500rpm的速率磁力搅拌4h，在超声的功率为400W，频率为28K条件下超声2h；加入8g二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，以600rpm的速率磁力搅拌2h，制成制成超疏水整理液；将上述材质的面料浸入疏水整理液中，织物完全被整理液浸没，浸泡60min后，在烘箱中干燥120min。
接触角增量测定结果见表5：
表5
由表5可以看出，采用二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯改性的纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO处理各种类型的面料，均增大了接触角，与未改性前相比，接触角有小幅增大。
实施例6乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯改性纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO后负载各材质面料的接触角增量
涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔面料购买自绍兴蓝典纺织品有限公司；采用上海轩准仪器有限公司的SZ-CAMA1型接触角测试仪测试各材料处理前后接触角，并计算接触角增量：
接触角增量％＝(处理后接触角-处理前接触角)/处理前接触角X100％
材料处理方法：将0.3g纳米TiO2和0.3g纳米ZnO加入到150mL去离子水中，以500rpm的速率磁力搅拌4h，在超声的功率为400W，频率为28K条件下超声2h；加入4g乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和4g二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，以600rpm的速率磁力搅拌2h，制成制成超疏水整理液；将上述材质的面料浸入疏水整理液中，织物完全被整理液浸没，浸泡60min后，在烘箱中干燥120min。
接触角增量测定结果见表6：
表6
由表6可以看出，采用乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯改性的纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO处理各种类型的面料，均增大了接触角，与乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯单独改性相比，接触角有较大幅度增长，协同增效。
实施例7退浆处理对各材质面料的接触角增量影响
涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔面料购买自绍兴蓝典纺织品有限公司；采用上海轩准仪器有限公司的SZ-CAMA1型接触角测试仪测试各材料处理前后接触角，并计算接触角增量：
接触角增量％＝(处理后接触角-处理前接触角)/处理前接触角X100％
材料处理方法：将0.3g纳米TiO2和0.3g纳米ZnO加入到150mL去离子水中，以500rpm的速率磁力搅拌4h，在超声的功率为400W，频率为28K条件下超声2h；加入4g乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和4g二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，以600rpm的速率磁力搅拌2h，制成制成超疏水整理液；取1.5g吐温60和6g NaHCO3加入到1000mL去离子水中，升温至65℃，用乳化机乳化10min，加入面料，以200rpm/min的速率机械搅拌3h后取出，室温下晾干；将退浆处理的面料浸入疏水整理液中，织物完全被整理液浸没，浸泡60min后，在烘箱中干燥120min。
接触角增量测定结果见表7：
表7
由表7可以看出，退浆处理后的各面料与未退浆处理相比，接触角显著增大，退浆处理使得纳米TiO2和纳米ZnO更容易渗入纤维组织中，形成疏水结构。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (9)
1.一种车内自清洁材料，其特征在于，所述车内自清洁材料为超疏水整理液处理过的面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述车内自清洁材料，其特征在于，所述超疏水整理液制备方法如下：
(1)将0.3-0.6g纳米TiO2和0.3-0.6g纳米ZnO加入到150mL去离子水中，以300-800rpm的速率磁力搅拌3-5h，超声1-3h；
(2)加入2-15g改性剂，以300-800rpm的速率磁力搅拌1-3h；制成。
3.根据权利要求2所述车内自清洁材料，其特征在于，所述改性剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯按照质量比1：1混合的混合物。
4.根据权利要求2所述车内自清洁材料，其特征在于，所述超声的功率为300-600W，频率为20-40K。
5.根据权利要求1所述车内自清洁材料，其特征在于，所述面料为涤纶、腈纶、棉布、麻布、皮革、混纺、莫代尔中的一种或一种以上。
6.权利要求1所述车内自清洁材料的制备方法，其特征在于，按照如下步骤进行：
(1)取0.5-2.5g表面活性剂和3-10g弱碱加入到1000mL去离子水中，升温至55-75℃，用乳化机乳化5-15min，加入面料，以100-300rpm/min的速率机械搅拌2-5h后取出，室温下晾干；
(2)将步骤(1)经过退浆处理的面料浸入疏水整理液中，织物完全被整理液浸没，浸泡40-90min后，在烘箱中干燥100-150min。
7.根据权利要求6所述车内自清洁材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂为吐温20、吐温60、吐温80、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺中的一种或一种以上。
8.根据权利要求6所述车内自清洁材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述弱碱为NaHCO3、NH4HCO3、NH3·H2O中的一种或一种以上。
9.根据权利要求6所述车内自清洁材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述烘箱干燥的温度为65-75℃。
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| CN108842437A (zh) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-20 | 上海工程技术大学 | 一种超疏水光催化防紫外线纺织品的制备方法 |
| CN109518462A (zh) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-03-26 | 东南大学 | 一种超亲油超疏水涂料及其制备方法和应用 |
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| CN108842437A (zh) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-20 | 上海工程技术大学 | 一种超疏水光催化防紫外线纺织品的制备方法 |
| CN109518462A (zh) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-03-26 | 东南大学 | 一种超亲油超疏水涂料及其制备方法和应用 |
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