CN112979337A - 碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备 - Google Patents

碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备 Download PDF

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CN112979337A
CN112979337A CN201911210274.2A CN201911210274A CN112979337A CN 112979337 A CN112979337 A CN 112979337A CN 201911210274 A CN201911210274 A CN 201911210274A CN 112979337 A CN112979337 A CN 112979337A
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silicon carbide
temperature
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张福磊
李程
李冬燕
柏立超
祁茜
陈朴漂
沈洁
钱慧娴
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Nanjing Polytechnic Institute
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    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备。以碳化硅为骨料，膨润土、甲基纤维素、滑石粉、活性炭等为添加剂，经过造粒成型烘干烧结，制备支撑体材料。本发明碳化硅陶瓷支撑体的抗压强度明显增大，孔隙率高，具有良好的通孔结构。

Description

碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备
技术领域
本发明涉及膜制备领域。
背景技术
PM2.5污染问题已经成为人们高度关注的环保热点和焦点。颗粒物污染直接影响着人类健康，即使在欧美等国家，每年由颗粒物污染造成的死亡人数就高达20多万。PM2.5是指大气中直径小于等于2.5μm的颗粒物，具有粒径小、比表面积大的特点，易吸附有毒害物质且具有很强的穿透力，可抵达细支气管壁，影响呼吸系统健康，直接危害人们身体健康。多孔陶瓷膜具有细颗粒捕集效率高、耐高温、耐腐蚀、耐清洗、机械强度大、结构稳定不变形、寿命长等突出优点，是一种非常有效的气固分离材料，因此广泛用于石油化工，环保，医疗卫生，金属冶炼等领域。多孔陶瓷膜主要由支撑体和过滤膜两部分组成。在支撑体制备过程中，对材料的机械强度、孔隙率、渗透性、孔径分布等参数有要求，需要较高的通透量和较小的阻力。目前多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备，主要方法有颗粒堆积烧结法、模板法、添加造孔剂法以及发泡成形法等工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的是以碳化硅为骨料，膨润土、甲基纤维素、滑石粉、活性炭等为添加剂制备支撑体材料。
本发明的技术方案：
碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体材料的制备采用碳化硅粉末为原料，通过旋转喷雾造粒、模压成型与高温烧结的方法制备支撑体多孔材料，具体步骤包括：
（1）碳化硅粉末造粒。将加水润湿的碳化硅粉末在旋转容器中通过喷雾离心聚合的方式形成一定尺寸的碳化硅球形颗粒，然后将粉末颗粒干燥后进行筛分备用。
（2）颗粒模压成型。称取一定量的碳化硅球形颗粒与膨润土、甲基纤维素、滑石粉、活性炭添加剂均匀混合，然后将混合料在冷等静压设备上进行模压成型，得到前驱体。
（3）前驱体的烘干。将模压成型的前驱体，首先在室温下干燥8h，然后在60℃温度下干燥5h。
（4）高温烧结。将干燥后的试样进行加热烧结，得到多孔支撑体。
其中，冷等静压成型压力为8-12MPa。烧结温度为在0-1200 ℃时，在空气气氛中煅烧，升温速率为1-10 ℃/min，在1200-1500 ℃时保温2-4 h；然后转为氩气气氛，继续保温2-6 h，最后自然降温。
有益效果
以膨润土、甲基纤维素和滑石粉为烧结助剂，烧结助剂加入量对材料孔隙率和抗压强度的影响，发现随着烧结助剂的增加，碳化硅陶瓷支撑体的抗压强度明显增大。活性炭的加入可以在一定程度上提高材料的孔隙率，提高其透过性能。碳化硅多孔陶瓷材料，具有良好的通孔结构。
具体实施方式
实施例1
碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体材料的制备本论文采用碳化硅粉末为原料，通过旋转喷雾造粒、模压成型与高温烧结的方法制备支撑体多孔材料，实验的具体步骤包括：（1）碳化硅粉末造粒。将加水润湿的碳化硅粉末在旋转容器中通过喷雾离心聚合的方式形成一定尺寸的碳化硅球形颗粒，然后将粉末颗粒干燥后进行筛分备用。（2）颗粒模压成型。称取一定量的碳化硅球形颗粒与膨润土、甲基纤维素、滑石粉、活性炭添加剂均匀混合，其中碳化硅骨料的比例应保持在85%,然后将混合料在冷等静压设备上进行模压成型，冷等静压成型压力为8MPa。得到前驱体。（3）前驱体的烘干。将模压成型的前驱体，首先在室温下干燥8h，然后在60℃温度下干燥5h。（4）高温烧结。烧结温度为在0-1200 ℃时，在空气气氛中煅烧，升温速率为1℃/min，在1200-1500 ℃时保温2h；然后转为氩气气氛，继续保温2 h，最后自然降温。
实施例2
碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体材料的制备本论文采用碳化硅粉末为原料，通过旋转喷雾造粒、模压成型与高温烧结的方法制备支撑体多孔材料，实验的具体步骤包括：（1）碳化硅粉末造粒。将加水润湿的碳化硅粉末在旋转容器中通过喷雾离心聚合的方式形成一定尺寸的碳化硅球形颗粒，然后将粉末颗粒干燥后进行筛分备用。（2）颗粒模压成型。称取一定量的碳化硅球形颗粒与膨润土、甲基纤维素、滑石粉、活性炭添加剂均匀混合，其中碳化硅骨料的比例应保持在85%,然后将混合料在冷等静压设备上进行模压成型，冷等静压成型压力为12MPa。得到前驱体。（3）前驱体的烘干。将模压成型的前驱体，首先在室温下干燥8h，然后在60℃温度下干燥5h。（4）高温烧结。烧结温度为在0-1200 ℃时，在空气气氛中煅烧，升温速率为10 ℃/min，在1200-1500 ℃时保温4 h；然后转为氩气气氛，继续保温6 h，最后自然降温。

Claims (3)

1.一种碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备，其特征在于，具体步骤包括：
（1）碳化硅粉末造粒，将加水润湿的碳化硅粉末在旋转容器中通过喷雾离心聚合的方式形成一定尺寸的碳化硅球形颗粒，然后将粉末颗粒干燥后进行筛分备用；
（2）颗粒模压成型，称取一定量的碳化硅球形颗粒与膨润土、甲基纤维素、滑石粉、活性炭添加剂均匀混合，然后将混合料在冷等静压设备上进行模压成型，得到前驱体；
（3）前驱体的烘干，将模压成型的前驱体，首先在室温下干燥8h，然后在60℃温度下干燥5h；
（4）高温烧结，将干燥后的试样进行加热烧结，得到多孔支撑体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备，其特征在于，冷等静压成型压力为8-12MPa。
3.根据权利要求1所述的碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备，其特征在于，烧结温度为在0-1200 ℃时，在空气气氛中煅烧，升温速率为1-10 ℃/min，在1200-1500 ℃时保温2-4 h；然后转为氩气气氛，继续保温2-6 h，最后自然降温。
CN201911210274.2A 2019-12-02 2019-12-02 碳化硅多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备 Pending CN112979337A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20210618