CN112939663A - High-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of liquid fertilizer industry. The fertilizer is mainly prepared by compounding the following components in parts by mass: 400-1300 parts of macroelements, 20-100 parts of trace elements, 2-10 parts of plant growth regulator and 500-580 parts of water. The macroelement composition is as follows: 88-190 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 128-276 parts of diammonium phosphate, 155-550 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 28-100 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 40-160 parts of urea; the microelement is sodium tetraborate and/or EDTA-Zn, and the plant growth regulator is compound sodium nitrophenolate, sodium naphthaleneacetate, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, salicylic acid, glycerol, sodium lignosulphonate and sodium alginate. The fertilizer disclosed by the invention is simple to prepare, low in production cost and easy to implement, meets the national major-element agricultural standard, and is a high-quality fertilizer for modern high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of liquid fertilizer industry, and particularly relates to a high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Liquid fertilizers, also known as fluid fertilizers, are liquid products containing one or more nutrient elements required by crops. In developed agricultural countries, such as the united states, liquid fertilizers account for more than 35% of the total fertilizer amount, and countries such as israel, uk, germany, belgium, the netherlands, western ink brother, russia and the like also use a large amount of various liquid fertilizers. With the rapid development of modern agriculture, the current international fertilizer development trends are high concentration, compounding, liquefaction and slow effect. Therefore, the concentration of fertilizers is continuously increased in the world in the agriculturally developed countries. According to the introduction of the relevant information, generally speaking, every 10% increase in the concentration of the fertilizer can reduce the cost of packaging, storing, transporting and managing the fertilizer by about 20%.
China is a country with a large population, and research and application of liquid fertilizers are severely restricted due to special geographical environments and traditional agricultural modes. However, the population is increased, the cultivated land area is sharply reduced, the food is in short supply, the yield per unit area needs to be improved, and the traditional fertilizers have the defects of uneven nutrient application, low concentration, serious pollution, low fertilizer utilization rate and the like. With the rapid development of modern agriculture, the emergence of large farms, the popularization of mechanized and intelligent operations, the continuous improvement of various water-fertilizer integrated facilities and agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles, the urgent need for high-concentration liquid fertilizers matched with the water-fertilizer integrated facilities and the agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles is to greatly increase the agricultural operation area under the same load capacity.
As is well known, fertilizers are grains for the rapid growth of plants, and the rapid development of agriculture cannot be separated from fertilizers. The research and development of high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid fertilizer is an important guarantee for the development of modern agriculture. Liquid fertilizers have many advantages, such as low production cost, high nutrient content, easy compounding, direct absorption by crops, and convenience in formulated and mechanized fertilization. Therefore, the development of the high-concentration liquid fertilizer has very important significance for high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency, environment-friendly and energy-saving agriculture, and plays a positive role in promoting the sustainable development of industry and agriculture, so that the high-concentration liquid fertilizer is generally concerned by countries in the world.
At present, chemical fertilizer scientific research workers at home and abroad are going to the army of high-concentration, liquid and compound liquid fertilizers, but the liquid fertilizers have low threshold and high technical content, and the high-concentration, liquid and compound liquid fertilizers are difficult to realize. For example, in the liquid fertilizers reported in Chinese patent application No. 201210220079.X, humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, 201010128505.8, humic acid liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, 200910262915.9, a preparation method of high-efficiency total-nutrient organic liquid fertilizer and the like, the liquid fertilizers can only meet or slightly exceed the national standards of humic acid or amino acid fertilizers (major elements are only more than 200g/L) by adding organic materials such as humic acid or amino acid and the like, and the major elements of the liquid fertilizers are rarely increased to be more than 500 g/L. Only a few high-concentration liquid fertilizers have been reported, such as liquid fertilizers like chinese patent application No. 200710180006.1 "clear liquid compound fertilizer special for high-concentration drip irrigation and production method thereof", 201010102555.9 "preparation method of liquid fertilizer containing high phosphorus and potassium", 201210143859.9 "high-concentration multi-element liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof", 201210442434.8 "nitrogen phosphorus and potassium high-concentration liquid fertilizer containing synergist and preparation method thereof", but these high-concentration liquid fertilizers are more or less related to organic aqueous liquid fertilizers (the national standard of such fertilizers is low in macroelement nutrients), and the nutrient content is only 250-500 g/L although they are high-concentration liquid fertilizers. At present, the preparation of high-concentration liquid compound fertilizer has two technical obstacles: one is the hydrolysis and ionization balance problem of anions and cations in the solution; the second is the problem of limited solubility of the substance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The invention utilizes the conventional elemental fertilizer on the market to produce the liquid compound fertilizer with reasonable proportion and high concentration, and breaks the legend that the high-concentration liquid fertilizer can be prepared only through the nitrogen solution and the ammonium polyphosphate. The process has the advantages of wide raw material source and low production cost, and is beneficial to full absorption and utilization of nutrient elements by crops and improvement of fertilizer utilization rate due to the addition of the plant growth regulator.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer is mainly prepared by compounding the following components in parts by mass: 400-1300 parts of macroelements and 500-580 parts of water. Preferably, the temperature of the compound is 50-70 ℃, and more preferably 60 ℃. The macroelements comprise monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, urea, monopotassium phosphate and dipotassium phosphate, and the mass parts of the components are as follows: 88-190 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 128-276 parts of diammonium phosphate, 155-550 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 28-100 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 40-160 parts of urea.
Further, the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer is mainly prepared by compounding the following components in parts by mass: 400-1300 parts of macroelements, 20-100 parts of trace elements, 2-10 parts of plant growth regulator and 500-580 parts of water. The trace elements are one or two of sodium tetraborate and EDTA-Zn; the plant growth regulator comprises compound sodium nitrophenolate, sodium naphthylacetate, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), salicylic acid, glycerol, sodium lignosulphonate and sodium alginate. Preferably, when the trace elements are sodium tetraborate and EDTA-Zn, the components in parts by mass are as follows: 20-40 parts of sodium tetraborate and 20-60 parts of EDTA-Zn. Preferably, the plant growth regulator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.4-1.6 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.1-0.6 part of sodium alginate, 0.6-1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.4-1.5 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.1-0.4 part of salicylic acid, 0.6-2.0 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate and 0.2-1.0 part of glycerol.
Preferably, the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer is prepared by compounding the following components in parts by mass: monoammonium phosphate: 88-190 parts of a binder;
diammonium phosphate: 128-276 parts;
dipotassium hydrogen phosphate: 155-550 parts of a binder;
potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 28-100 parts;
urea: 40-160 parts;
sodium tetraborate: 20-40 parts of a solvent;
EDTA-Zn: 20-60 parts;
sodium lignosulfonate: 0.4-1.6 parts;
sodium alginate: 0.1-0.6 part;
compound sodium nitrophenolate: 0.6-1.5 parts;
diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate: 0.4-1.5 parts;
salicylic acid: 0.1-0.4 part;
sodium naphthaleneacetate: 0.6-2.0 parts;
glycerol: 0.2-1.0 part;
500-580 parts of water.
More preferably, the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer is prepared by compounding the following components in parts by mass:
monoammonium phosphate: 176 parts of (a);
diammonium phosphate: 256 parts of (A);
dipotassium hydrogen phosphate: 240 parts of a mixture;
potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 44 parts of a mixture;
urea: 100 parts of (A);
sodium tetraborate: 40 parts of a mixture;
sodium lignosulfonate: 1.6 parts;
sodium alginate: 0.32 part;
compound sodium nitrophenolate: 1.5 parts;
diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate: 1.28 parts;
salicylic acid: 0.32 part;
sodium naphthaleneacetate: 1.6 parts;
glycerol: 0.64 part;
water: 520 parts of.
The preparation method of the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: adding monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate into warm water at 50-70 ℃, fully stirring and dissolving, then adding urea, finally adding dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fully stirring and dissolving to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer.
Further, the preparation method of the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer: adding monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate into warm water at 50-70 ℃, fully stirring and dissolving, then adding urea, finally adding dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fully stirring and dissolving to obtain the N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer.
(2) Addition of trace elements: adding trace elements into the N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer, and fully stirring and dissolving.
(3) Adding a plant growth regulator: and (3) when the temperature of the system in the step (2) is reduced to 20-30 ℃, adding a plant growth regulator, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer.
The high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer is applied to agricultural fertilizers.
The acid-base buffer system is ingeniously applied to the preparation process of the liquid fertilizer, so that the production problem of imbalance of hydrolysis and ionization of anions and cations in the high-concentration liquid fertilizer is solved; the solubilization characteristic of the fertilizer urea is utilized to increase the solubility of each substance in the system, and the transportation and storage problems that the high-concentration liquid compound fertilizer is easy to crystallize and separate out are solved. The invention is based on the following principle: the mutual compounding of the elements depends on the acid-base buffer system of the solution. Firstly, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate are prepared into an optimal acid-base buffer system according to a certain proportion. And adding a solubilizer urea into the reaction kettle, and chelating the solubilizer urea with ammonium phosphate to form a urea-ammonium phosphate complex. On the basis, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate are put into the reaction kettle, and are fully stirred and chelated to form the urea-phosphorus-ammonium-potassium complex. And finally, adjusting the chelation temperature, and adding the trace elements and the plant growth regulator in sequence for full dissolution and chelation. Obtaining the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer. The liquid compound fertilizer prepared by the method can not swell after being placed for 30 days at 45 ℃ or can not precipitate crystals at low temperature (4 ℃) for 15 days. And some trace elements and plant growth regulators are also added, which is beneficial to the rapid growth of crops.
The liquid compound fertilizer meets the national macroelement agricultural standard (NY1107-2010), is a high-quality fertilizer for modern high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture, and has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:
(1) the raw materials used by the invention are conventional simple substance fertilizer sources on the market at present, and have wide sources and low cost.
(2) The liquid compound fertilizer produced by the invention has high nutrient content and can obviously save the production and transportation cost.
(3) The liquid compound fertilizer produced by the invention has high nutrient content, can obviously save fertilizer consumption per unit area, and reduces labor cost.
(4) The liquid compound fertilizer produced by the invention can be sprayed, flushed and sprinkled, and is an ideal fertilizer integrating water and fertilizer of various pipelines, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like.
(5) The liquid compound fertilizer produced by the invention has reasonable nutrient proportion, namely contains major elements N, P and K, trace elements Zn and B, and a plant growth regulator for stimulating the growth of crops, and is beneficial to the rapid growth of organisms.
(6) The liquid compound fertilizer produced by the invention has simple preparation process, low production cost and easy implementation, and is the best fertilizer for high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a high-concentration, high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer product prepared by the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the growth of Italian lettuce after treatment with each of the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizers.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of root growth of lettuce in high concentration and high efficiency liquid compound fertilizer treatment. Wherein, FIG. 3A is the overall growth chart of the overground part and the underground part of the lettuce treated by comparison; FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the overall growth of the overground part and the underground part of the lettuce treated with the liquid compound fertilizer according to example 2; FIG. 3C is a graph of root growth of lettuce treated in control; FIG. 3D is a graph of root growth of lettuce treated with the liquid compound fertilizer of example 2.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the growth of rice seedlings treated with high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizers.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The test methods used in the examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are, unless otherwise specified, commercially available reagents and materials.
Example 1
(1) Preparing an N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer: accurately weighing 190 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 276 parts of diammonium phosphate, putting the monoammonium phosphate and the diammonium phosphate into preheated 500 parts of warm water (50 ℃), fully stirring for dissolving, adding 40 parts of urea after 30 minutes, stirring for 20 minutes, adding a composition of 155 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 28 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate into a reaction kettle, and fully stirring for dissolving and chelating to obtain the N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer.
(2) Addition of trace elements: and (2) after the sodium tetraborate is fully dissolved in the step (1), adding 20 parts of sodium tetraborate, and continuously stirring to completely dissolve the sodium tetraborate.
(3) Adding a plant growth regulator: and (3) after the step (2) is fully dissolved, reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle and adjusting the temperature to 20 ℃. Adding 0.2 part of glycerol, 0.1 part of sodium alginate, 0.7 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.8 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.1 part of salicylic acid, 0.6 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) and 0.5 part of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring until completely dissolving, and obtaining a high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer (shown as I in figure 1) with the nutrient content of 520g/L after 50 minutes, wherein the fertilizer is kept for 30 days at 45 ℃ without flatulence and does not separate out crystals after 15 days at 4 ℃.
Example 2
(1) Preparing an N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer: 176 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 256 parts of diammonium phosphate are accurately weighed and put into 520 parts of preheated warm water (60 ℃), fully stirred and dissolved, 100 parts of urea is added after 30 minutes, the mixture is stirred for 20 minutes, 240 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 44 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added into a reaction kettle, and the mixture is fully stirred to be dissolved and chelated, so that the N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer is obtained.
(2) Addition of trace elements: and (2) after the sodium tetraborate is fully dissolved in the step (1), adding 40 parts of sodium tetraborate, and continuously stirring to completely dissolve the sodium tetraborate.
(3) Adding a plant growth regulator: after the step (2) is fully dissolved, reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle and adjusting the temperature to be 30 ℃. Adding 0.64 part of glycerol, 0.32 part of sodium alginate, 1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1.6 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.32 part of salicylic acid, 1.28 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) and 1.6 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring until the sodium naphthaleneacetate is completely dissolved, and obtaining 580g/L of high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer (shown as II in a figure 1) after 30 minutes, wherein the fertilizer is kept for 30 days at 45 ℃ without flatulence, and does not precipitate crystals after 15 days at 4 ℃.
Example 3
(1) Preparing an N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer: accurately weighing 132 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 192 parts of diammonium phosphate, putting the monoammonium phosphate and the diammonium phosphate into 556 parts of preheated warm water (70 ℃), fully stirring and dissolving the monoammonium phosphate and the diammonium phosphate, adding 100 parts of urea after 30 minutes of stirring, adding a composition of 440 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 80 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate into a reaction kettle after stirring for 20 minutes, and fully stirring the mixture to dissolve and chelate the mixture to obtain the N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer.
(2) Addition of trace elements: after the step (1) is fully dissolved, 60 parts of EDTA-Zn is added and continuously stirred to be completely dissolved.
(3) Adding a plant growth regulator: and (3) after the step (2) is fully dissolved, reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle, and adjusting the temperature to 25 ℃. Adding 0.3 part of glycerol, 0.24 part of sodium alginate, 0.72 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.66 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.18 part of salicylic acid, 0.6 part of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) and 0.48 part of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring until the sodium naphthaleneacetate is completely dissolved, obtaining 640g/L of high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer (shown as III in figure 1) after 40 minutes, and standing the compound fertilizer at 45 ℃ for 30 days without gas expansion and not precipitating crystals at 4 ℃ for 15 days.
Example 4
(1) Preparing an N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer: accurately weighing 88 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 128 parts of diammonium phosphate, putting the monoammonium phosphate and the diammonium phosphate into preheated 534 parts of warm water (55 ℃), fully stirring for dissolving, adding 160 parts of urea after 30 minutes, stirring for 20 minutes, adding a composition of 550 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 100 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate into a reaction kettle, and fully stirring for dissolving and chelating to obtain the N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer.
(2) Addition of trace elements: and (2) after the sodium tetraborate and the EDTA-Zn are fully dissolved in the step (1), adding 20 parts of sodium tetraborate and 20 parts of EDTA-Zn, and continuously stirring to completely dissolve the sodium tetraborate and the EDTA-Zn.
(3) Adding a plant growth regulator: and (3) after the step (2) is fully dissolved, reducing the temperature of the reaction kettle and adjusting the temperature to 28 ℃. Adding 0.8 part of glycerol, 0.6 part of sodium alginate, 1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1.4 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.4 part of salicylic acid, 1.2 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) and 1.1 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, stirring until completely dissolving, and obtaining 670g/L of high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer (shown as IV in figure 1) after 35 minutes, wherein the fertilizer is kept for 30 days at 45 ℃ without flatulence, and does not precipitate crystals after 15 days at 4 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The experimental steps are the same as those in example 1, and the only difference is that 190 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 276 parts of diammonium phosphate are replaced by 466 parts of monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate on the basis of example 1, so that the liquid compound fertilizer is crystallized on site and cannot be completed, which indicates the importance of an acid-base balance system in the invention.
Comparative example 2
The experimental procedure was the same as in example 1, and when 155 parts of dipotassium hydrogenphosphate and 28 parts of potassium dihydrogenphosphate were the same, and 190 parts of monoammonium phosphate or 276 parts of diammonium phosphate was exceeded, crystals were precipitated in the liquid compound fertilizer at a low temperature (4 ℃ C.) for 7 days.
Comparative example 3
The experimental procedure is the same as that in example 4, the only difference is that on the basis of example 4, 550 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 100 parts of monopotassium phosphate are replaced by 650 parts of monopotassium hydrogen phosphate or monopotassium phosphate, and as a result, the liquid compound fertilizer is crystallized on site and cannot be completed, which indicates the importance of an acid-base balance system in the invention.
Comparative example 4
The experimental procedure was the same as in example 4, and when the amount of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate exceeded 550 parts or the amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate exceeded 100 parts under the same conditions of 88 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 128 parts of diammonium phosphate, crystals were precipitated from the liquid compound fertilizer at low temperature (4 ℃ C.) for 7 days.
Comparative example 5
The experimental steps are the same as example 3, and the only difference is that 100 parts of solubilizer urea is replaced by 100 parts of non-solubilizer ammonium nitrate or ammonia water on the basis of example 3, so that the liquid compound fertilizer is placed at 45 ℃ for 7 days to generate a ballooning phenomenon, and crystals are separated out under the condition of low temperature (4 ℃) for 7 days, thereby illustrating the importance of the solubilizer urea in the invention.
Comparative example 6
The experimental procedure is the same as that in example 3, except that 100 parts of solubilizing agent urea is removed on the basis of example 3, and the liquid compound fertilizer is crystallized at low temperature (4 ℃) for 7 days, which shows the importance of the solubilizing agent urea in the invention.
Application example 1
Cell test: the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer prepared by the method is used for planting Italian lettuce. The experiment was set to 5 treatments: 1) control (CK); 2) the liquid compound fertilizer of example 1; 3) the liquid compound fertilizer of example 2; 4) the liquid compound fertilizer of example 3; 5) the liquid compound fertilizer of example 4. CK (control) is treated with clear water, and treatment I to IV are respectively 1000 times diluted by the liquid compound fertilizers of examples 1 to 4. The Italian lettuce was grown with the culture medium for 15 days and then transplanted into the soil, and then the above treatment was carried out by flushing 500mL of each lettuce, and 1 flushing every week thereafter. Measuring the morphological index, yield, nutrient absorption and antioxidant enzyme activity of the Italian lettuce 30 days after transplanting. From the appearance of lettuce growth, the liquid compound fertilizer treatment of the example significantly increased the biomass of the overground and underground parts of Italian lettuce (FIGS. 2 and 3) compared to the control treatment, and the detailed study results are shown in tables 1, 2, 3 and 4.
TABLE 1 Effect of liquid Compound Fertilizer treatments of different examples on vegetable growth and economic benefit
Note: the economic benefit is calculated according to 10000 lettuce strains per mu. The local market price is 8 yuan/kg.
Table 1 shows the effect of liquid compound fertilizer treatment of different examples on the growth and economic benefit of italian lettuce. As can be seen from the table, the growth of lettuce can be obviously promoted by treating different liquid compound fertilizers, and the economic benefit is improved. Compared with the contrast, the leaf number, the plant height, the coverage area, the root biomass, the overground part biomass, the total biomass, the economic yield and the economic benefit of the lettuce treated by different liquid compound fertilizers are respectively improved by 15.4-24%, 9.4-21.9%, 58.1-91.2%, 56.0-68.0%, 63.3-158.7%, 62.2-147.8%, 67.6-192.4% and 67.5-192.4%.
TABLE 2 Effect of liquid Compound Fertilizer treatment on nutrient absorption (N, P, K) in vegetables (mg/3 strains) for different examples
Table 2 shows the effect of liquid compound fertilizer treatment on nutrient absorption by lettuce N, P and K in italy in different examples. As can be seen from the table, the absorption of the lettuce to N, P and K nutrients can be obviously improved by treating different liquid compound fertilizers. Compared with a control, the lettuce N, P and K absorption amount of different liquid compound fertilizer treatments is respectively increased by 78.0-187.3%, 81.2-184.0% and 37.8-156.7%.
TABLE 3 Effect of liquid Compound Fertilizer treatments of various examples on vegetable antioxidant enzyme Activity
Table 3 shows the effect of the liquid compound fertilizer treatments of different examples on the antioxidant activity of vegetables, and it can be seen that the liquid compound fertilizer treatments of different examples can obviously promote the increase of the antioxidant activity of vegetables. Compared with the control treatment, the SOD activity, the POD activity and the CAT activity of different liquid compound fertilizers are respectively increased by 99.0-169.9%, 8.5-25.4% and 18.4-23.3%.
TABLE 4 Effect of liquid Compound Fertilizer treatments of different examples on vegetable quality
Table 4 shows the effect of different examples of liquid compound fertilizer treatments on vegetable quality, and it can be seen that different liquid compound fertilizer treatments reduced the nitrate content of vegetables and increased the soluble protein and soluble sugar content. Compared with a control, the nitrate content of the vegetables treated by different liquid compound fertilizers is reduced by 4.4-31.9%, and the soluble protein content and the soluble sugar content are respectively increased by 2.2-9.3% and 7.9-32.6%.
Application example 2
Nutrient solution culture test: the high-concentration and high-efficiency liquid compound fertilizer prepared by the invention is used for planting rice. The rice variety is Guanghui 751. The experiment was set to 5 treatments: 1) control (CK), normal nutrient solution treatment; 2) the liquid compound fertilizer of example 1; 3) the liquid compound fertilizer of example 2; 4) the liquid compound fertilizer of example 3; 5) the liquid compound fertilizer of example 4. CK is normal nutrient solution treatment, and treatment I to IV are respectively liquid compound fertilizers of examples 1 to 4 and are diluted into N, P and K-deficient nutrient solution by 300 times. One-leaf one-core rice seedlings were cultured for 7 days in the above treatment, and the plants were harvested and photographed. The results of the studies showed that the treatment with the liquid compound fertilizer of examples 1-4 significantly increased the plant height of rice, the length of leaf, and the stem of rice seedling was significantly thickened compared to the control treatment (FIG. 4).
The normal nutrient solution comprises the following components in an International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) correction nutrient solution formula: macronutrient (mmol/L): NH (NH)4NO3 1.43、KH2PO4·2H2O 0.32、K2SO4 0.84、CaCl2 1.0、MgSO4·7H2O1.7; micronutrient (μmol/L): MnCl2·4H2O 9.1、H2MoO4 0.52、H3BO3 18、ZnSO4·7H2O 0.15、CuSO4·5H2O0.16, Fe (III) -EDTA 75; n, P and K deficiency nutrient solutions were obtained by subtracting nutrients containing N, P and K from normal nutrient solutions.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid compound fertilizer is characterized in that: the adhesive is mainly prepared by compounding the following components in parts by mass: 400-1300 parts of macroelements and 500-580 parts of water;
the macroelements comprise monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, urea, monopotassium phosphate and dipotassium phosphate, and the mass parts of the components are as follows: 88-190 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 128-276 parts of diammonium phosphate, 155-550 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 28-100 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 40-160 parts of urea.
2. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compounding temperature is 50-70 ℃.
3. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adhesive is mainly prepared by compounding the following components in parts by mass: 400-1300 parts of macroelements, 20-100 parts of trace elements, 2-10 parts of plant growth regulators and 500-580 parts of water;
the trace elements are one or two of sodium tetraborate and EDTA-Zn;
the plant growth regulator comprises compound sodium nitrophenolate, sodium naphthylacetate, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, salicylic acid, glycerol, sodium lignosulphonate and sodium alginate.
4. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: when the trace elements are sodium tetraborate and EDTA-Zn, the components in parts by mass are as follows: 20-40 parts of sodium tetraborate and 20-60 parts of EDTA-Zn.
5. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the plant growth regulator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.4-1.6 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 0.1-0.6 part of sodium alginate, 0.6-1.5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.4-1.5 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.1-0.4 part of salicylic acid, 0.6-2.0 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate and 0.2-1.0 part of glycerol.
6. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the adhesive is mainly prepared by compounding the following components in parts by mass:
monoammonium phosphate: 88-190 parts of a binder;
diammonium phosphate: 128-276 parts;
dipotassium hydrogen phosphate: 155-550 parts of a binder;
potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 28-100 parts;
urea: 40-160 parts;
sodium tetraborate: 20-40 parts of a solvent;
EDTA-Zn: 20-60 parts;
sodium lignosulfonate: 0.4-1.6 parts;
sodium alginate: 0.1-0.6 part;
compound sodium nitrophenolate: 0.6-1.5 parts;
diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate: 0.4-1.5 parts;
salicylic acid: 0.1-0.4 part;
sodium naphthaleneacetate: 0.6-2.0 parts;
glycerol: 0.2-1.0 part;
500-580 parts of water.
7. The liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the adhesive is mainly prepared by compounding the following components in parts by mass:
monoammonium phosphate: 176 parts of (a);
diammonium phosphate: 256 parts of (A);
dipotassium hydrogen phosphate: 240 parts of a mixture;
potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 44 parts of a mixture;
urea: 100 parts of (A);
sodium tetraborate: 40 parts of a mixture;
sodium lignosulfonate: 1.6 parts;
sodium alginate: 0.32 part;
compound sodium nitrophenolate: 1.5 parts;
diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate: 1.28 parts;
salicylic acid: 0.32 part;
sodium naphthaleneacetate: 1.6 parts;
glycerol: 0.64 part;
water: 520 parts of.
8. The method for producing a liquid compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: adding monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate into warm water at 50-70 ℃, fully stirring and dissolving, then adding urea, finally adding dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fully stirring and dissolving to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer.
9. The method for preparing a liquid compound fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer: adding monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate into warm water at 50-70 ℃, fully stirring and dissolving, then adding urea, finally adding a dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate composition, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain an N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer;
(2) addition of trace elements: adding trace elements into the N-P-K liquid compound fertilizer, and fully stirring and dissolving;
(3) adding a plant growth regulator: and (3) when the temperature of the system in the step (2) is reduced to 20-30 ℃, adding a plant growth regulator, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain the liquid compound fertilizer.
10. Use of the liquid compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in agricultural fertilizers.
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