CN112939655A - Clean and environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposition device and decomposition method - Google Patents
Clean and environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposition device and decomposition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112939655A CN112939655A CN202110392143.1A CN202110392143A CN112939655A CN 112939655 A CN112939655 A CN 112939655A CN 202110392143 A CN202110392143 A CN 202110392143A CN 112939655 A CN112939655 A CN 112939655A
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001706 oxygenating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010909 process residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/32—Mixing fertiliser ingredients
- B01F2101/33—Mixing compost ingredients or organic waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses clean and environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposition equipment and a decomposition method. The decomposing tank is provided with a tank cavity, the top of the tank cavity is provided with an exhaust port, the top of the front end of the tank cavity is provided with a feed inlet, and the tail end of the tank cavity is provided with a discharge outlet; the transmission control mechanism comprises a transmission shaft, a driving main motor and stirring conveying blades; the feeding control mechanism comprises a feeding hopper and a sealing plate, and the sealing plate can open or close the feeding hole; the discharging control mechanism comprises a gate and a gate controller for controlling the gate to open or close the discharging port. The invention can be operated in a control room without contacting wastes, and can automatically feed, supply oxygen, stir, turn and discharge materials. No odor is discharged indoors in the decomposition process, so that the problems of dirtiness, disorder and odor of a fertilizer factory are thoroughly solved; the invention can realize uniform and sufficient stirring of the waste, fully decompose the waste, has short decomposition time, can complete and sufficient aerobic decomposition of the waste after about 15 days of decomposition, converts all corresponding components into nutrient and fertility which can be absorbed by plants, and has good decomposition effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of recycling and treating of agricultural and animal husbandry waste, and particularly relates to clean and environment-friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste decomposing equipment and decomposing method.
Background
The development of human society and the improvement of living standard of people have higher and higher demand on the quality of food. More and more large-scale, modernized and high-standardization farming and animal husbandry develops. With the rapid development of the agriculture and livestock husbandry, the waste of the agriculture and livestock husbandry is rapidly increased while the higher food quality requirements of people are met. Such as a large amount of feces of livestock breeding, a large amount of agricultural product planting waste, a large amount of food processing waste and leftover materials, a large amount of overdue deteriorated food, crops and vegetables, a large amount of municipal domestic waste, a large amount of municipal environment greening waste, a large amount of kitchen waste and the like. These things are not only pollution sources of environmental pollution, but also great waste of resources.
The current treatment methods for the wastes in the agricultural and livestock husbandry include landfill, incineration, biogas, fertilizer preparation and the like. The landfill and the incineration not only can cause secondary pollution, but also can waste resources. The biogas residues and biogas slurry of the biogas belong to anaerobic decomposed products, can not be directly used as fertilizers, can pollute the environment when being discharged, and particularly have high water content and are difficult to treat. The fertilizer is made in a simple field composting mode, and the fertilizer is made by centralized turning and decomposing. However, the fertilizer making modes are original and rough, the fertilizer plants are dirty, messy and smelly, the decomposition process is manual, the stirring is not uniform, the interior of the waste is often difficult to be fully decomposed due to oxygen deficiency, and the decomposition effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the clean environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposition equipment which is simple in structure, convenient to operate, capable of realizing an automatic process, capable of uniformly stirring materials, sufficient in decomposition and high in fertilizer utilization rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: provided is a clean and environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposition device, comprising:
a decomposing tank; the decomposing tank is provided with a tank cavity, the top of the tank cavity is provided with an exhaust port, the top of the front end of the tank cavity is provided with a feed inlet, and the tail end of the tank cavity is provided with a discharge outlet;
a conveyance control mechanism; the transmission control mechanism comprises a transmission shaft arranged in the groove cavity, a driving main motor for controlling the transmission shaft to rotate and stirring and conveying blades uniformly arranged on the transmission shaft;
a feed control mechanism; the feeding control mechanism comprises a feeding hopper arranged above the feeding hole and a sealing plate arranged below the feeding hole, and the sealing plate can open or close the feeding hole;
a discharge control mechanism; the discharge control mechanism comprises a gate arranged at the tail end of the groove cavity and a gate controller for controlling the gate to open or close the discharge hole.
Further, the slot cavity is in a transverse design, and the transmission shaft is transversely arranged in the slot cavity.
Furthermore, the stirring and conveying blades are composed of a plurality of blades which are uniformly arranged along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft, so that the transmission speed of the transmission shaft is ensured to be too fast or too slow, the stress of the transmission shaft is uniform, and the service life of the transmission control mechanism is prolonged.
Further, adjacent blades are circumferentially spaced by 120 degrees and axially spaced by 400 mm to 600 mm, preferably 500 mm.
Further, every blade with the contained angle of transmission shaft perpendicular is 13 ~ 18 degrees, and preferably 15 degrees can make its material can carry forward or carry backward again under the prerequisite of having guaranteed transmission shaft transfer speed between two parties, and the blade of this angle can evenly stir the material moreover.
Further, the front end of the sealing plate is fixed on the inner wall of the decomposing groove through a hinge, the tail end of the sealing plate horizontally extends to exceed the feed inlet, a spring is arranged at the top of the sealing plate, one end of the spring is connected with the front end of the sealing plate, and the other end of the spring is fixed on a spring frame.
Further, the gate controller comprises a pulley, a gate inhaul cable, a pulley motor and a pulley motor controller, wherein one end of the gate inhaul cable is connected with the gate, the other end of the gate inhaul cable is connected with the pulley, one end of the pulley motor is connected with the pulley motor controller, and the other end of the pulley motor is connected with the pulley.
Further, still include response mechanism, response mechanism is including setting up temperature probe and the light source in the cell cavity, temperature probe sets up the cell cavity lower part, and the light source sets up cell cavity upper portion, corresponding to the cell cavity wall of light source position sets up the light trap, set up the light-passing board on the light trap.
Furthermore, the temperature probes are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the lower part of the groove cavity along the axial direction of the groove cavity.
Further, the light sources are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the upper part of the groove cavity along the axial direction of the groove cavity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for decomposing agricultural and livestock husbandry waste using the clean and environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposing device, comprising the steps of:
(I) feeding process
(1-1) starting a driving main motor to drive a transmission shaft to rotate clockwise;
(1-2) feeding the crushed wastes of the agricultural and livestock husbandry from a feed hopper, opening a sealing plate, feeding the wastes into a groove cavity, and conveying the wastes along the groove cavity to the direction of a gate under the drive of a blade;
(1-3) turning on a light source, and observing the brightness in the groove cavity through the light hole; the materials in the groove cavity are gradually increased, the brightness of a part of light holes begins to be dim, the feeding is stopped, the main motor is started to drive the main motor to rotate anticlockwise and then rotate clockwise, and the steps are repeated, so that the wastes in the groove cavity are gradually and uniformly distributed in the groove cavity;
(1-4) continuing feeding, and stopping feeding when the waste in the groove cavity is uniformly distributed to a position where the light source can be blocked and the light emitted from the light holes is uniform and slightly dark;
(1-5) after stopping feeding, the sealing plate resets under the action of a spring to block the feed hopper; turning off the light source, turning off the driving main motor and starting the temperature probe;
(II) decomposition process
(2-1) when the reading temperature of the temperature probe reaches 70 ℃, starting the driving main motor to repeatedly rotate clockwise and anticlockwise at intervals, rising hot water vapor through the exhaust port, forming negative pressure in the groove cavity, and allowing external air to enter the groove cavity through the gap of the sealing plate and the gap of the gate so as to achieve the purposes of cooling and oxygenating;
(2-2) when the reading temperature of the temperature probe reaches or is lower than 50 ℃, closing the driving main motor and stopping turning; after 14-17 days, complete and sufficient aerobic decomposition of the waste is completed, and corresponding components are completely converted into nutrient fertility which can be absorbed by plants;
(III) discharging
(3-1) after the decomposition is finished, starting a discharging control mechanism, opening a gate, starting a driving main motor to rotate clockwise, pushing decomposed waste to the direction of the gate by a blade so as to withdraw from the groove cavity, closing the driving main motor after all the decomposed waste is cleared out of the groove cavity, closing the discharging control mechanism, and putting down the gate to prepare for the next decomposition.
The clean environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposition device and the decomposition method have the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can be operated in a control room without contacting the waste. Automatic feeding, oxygen supply, stirring, turning and discharging. No odor is discharged in the room during the decomposition process. Thoroughly solves the problems of dirtiness, disorder and odor of fertilizer plants.
2. According to the invention, by designing the angles and the layout of the blades, the transmission speed of the transmission shaft is ensured to be neither too fast nor too slow, the stress of the transmission shaft is uniform, and the service life of the transmission control mechanism is prolonged. On the premise of ensuring the transmission speed of the transmission shaft to be centered, the material can be conveyed forwards or backwards, and the blades can uniformly stir the material and oxygenate.
3. The method for decomposing the agricultural and livestock husbandry waste by using the clean and environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposing equipment can uniformly and fully stir the waste, so that the waste is fully decomposed, the decomposing time is short, the waste is completely and fully decomposed in an aerobic way after about 15 days of decomposition, corresponding components are all converted into nutrient fertility which can be absorbed by plants, and the decomposing effect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the clean environment-friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste composting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a decomposition tank in the waste decomposition device for clean and environment-friendly agriculture, livestock and animal husbandry of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a discharge control mechanism in the clean environment-friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste decomposition device.
In the figure: 1. driving a main motor; 2. a flange; 3. a drive shaft; 4. a drive shaft bearing; 5. a blade; 6. a blade fixing ring; 7. a temperature probe; 8. a base groove; 9. the wall of the tank body; 10. a support; 11. a bracket bearing; 12. a hinge; 13. a spring holder; 14. a feed hopper; 15. a spring; 16. a sealing plate; 17. a light source; 18. a light-transmitting hole; 19. an exhaust pipe; 20. an exhaust port; 21. a gate; 22. a gate slot; 23. a gate stay cable; 24. a gate frame; 25. a pulley; 26. a pulley bracket; 27. a pulley motor; 28. a pulley motor controller; 29. a drive main motor controller; 30. a slot cavity.
Detailed Description
In order to explain the technical content and the structural characteristics of the environment-friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste decomposition equipment in detail, the following embodiment is combined with the accompanying drawings for further explanation.
As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the clean environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposition device comprises a decomposition groove, a transmission control mechanism, a feeding control mechanism, a discharging control mechanism and an induction mechanism.
The decomposing tank comprises a base tank 8 and a tank cavity 30, the tank cavity 30 is provided with a tank wall 9, the top of the tank cavity 30 is provided with an exhaust port 20, the exhaust port 20 is positioned in the middle of the tank cavity 30, and the size of the exhaust port is a round opening with the diameter of 300 mm. An exhaust pipe 19 is arranged on the exhaust port 20, the exhaust pipe 19 is communicated with the groove cavity 30, and outside air can flow into the groove cavity 30 through the exhaust pipe 19 to be decomposed and nourished, so that hot air of decomposed materials in the groove cavity 30 is kept to rise. The top of the front end of the groove cavity 30 is provided with a feeding hole, and the tail end of the groove cavity 30 is provided with a discharging hole. The internal diameter of the chamber 30 is 3000 mm, the length is 15000 mm, and the thickness of the wall 9 is 100 mm. More than 30 tons of waste can be decomposed in one groove cavity, and according to the requirement of the decomposition amount, the groove cavities 30 can be placed in parallel one by one to form a groove cavity array so as to meet the requirement of the decomposition amount.
The transmission control mechanism comprises a transmission shaft 3 arranged in the groove cavity 30, a driving main motor 1 for controlling the transmission shaft 3 to rotate and stirring and conveying blades uniformly arranged on the transmission shaft 3. The groove cavity 30 is horizontal design, transmission shaft 3 transversely sets up in the groove cavity 30, the front end of transmission shaft 3 passes through flange 2 and is connected at drive main motor 1 with the setting, sets up propeller shaft bearing 4 between transmission shaft 3 and the cell body wall, and drive main motor 1 is connected with drive main motor controller 29. A bracket 10 is arranged in the groove cavity 30, and the bracket 10 fixes the transmission shaft 3 through a bracket bearing 11. Stirring conveyor blade is by along 3 axial of transmission shaft and a plurality of blades 5 that circumference evenly set up constitute, and blade 5 passes through the solid fixed ring 6 of blade and fixes on transmission shaft 3, and adjacent blade is along circumference interval 120 degrees, along axial interval 400 millimeters ~ 600 millimeters, preferably 500 millimeters, every blade 5 with the contained angle of transmission shaft perpendicular is 13 ~ 18 degrees, preferably 15 degrees, has guaranteed that transmission shaft transfer speed can make its material forward transport or backward transport again under the prerequisite placed in the middle, and the blade of this angle can evenly stir the material moreover. The thickness of a single blade 5 is 15 millimeters, the gap between each blade and the groove body wall 9 is 30 millimeters, a support 10 is arranged between every three blades 5, the support 10 is provided with three support legs which are equally divided by 120 degrees, each support leg is connected with the groove body wall 9, the axial size of each support leg along the groove cavity 30 is 200 millimeters, and the thickness of each support leg is 15 millimeters.
Feeding control mechanism is including setting up the feeder hopper 14 and the setting of feed inlet top are in seal board 16 of feed inlet below seals 16 front ends and passes through hinge 12 and fix on the inner wall in the groove of becoming thoroughly decomposed, seal 16 terminal levels of board and extend beyond the feed inlet, seal the roof portion and set up spring 15, spring 15 one end with seal 16 front ends and be connected, the spring 15 other end is fixed on spring frame 13. The closure plate can be opened by material falling from the feed hopper 14 under gravity.
The discharging control mechanism comprises a gate 21 arranged at the tail end of the groove cavity and a gate controller for controlling the gate 21 to open or close the discharging hole. The gate controller sets up on gate frame 24, and the gate controller includes pulley 25, gate cable 23, pulley motor 27 and pulley motor controller 28, and pulley 25 and pulley motor 27 are fixed on pulley support 26, and both ends are fixed on gate groove 22 about gate 21, gate cable 23 one end with gate 21 connects, the gate cable 23 other end with pulley 25 connects, pulley motor 27 one end with pulley motor controller 28 connects, the pulley motor 27 other end with pulley 25 connects.
The sensing mechanism comprises a temperature probe 7 and a light source 17 which are arranged in the slot cavity 30, the temperature probes 7 are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the lower part of the slot cavity along the axial direction of the slot cavity 30 (as shown in figure 2, the temperature probes 7 are positioned at the 4-point position and the 7-point position of the clock on the wall of the slot body, 8 temperature probes are arranged at each side, 16 temperature probes are arranged at each side, and are uniformly distributed along the direction of the slot cavity 30, and the temperature probes 7 are connected with a driving main motor controller 29. The light sources 17 are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the upper part of the slot cavity (as shown in figure 2, the light sources 17 are positioned at 2 o 'clock and 10 o' clock of the slot wall), 14 light sources are arranged at each side, 28 light sources are arranged at each side, and the light sources are uniformly distributed along the direction of the slot cavity 30. And a light transmission hole 18 is arranged on the wall of the groove cavity corresponding to the position of the light source 17, and a glass light transmission plate is arranged on the light transmission hole 18. The light transmission holes 18 are positioned on the top of the wall of the tank body, are 14 in total, are uniformly distributed along the direction of the tank cavity 30, are square holes of 200 mm by 200 mm, are covered on the hole openings by glass light-transmitting plates, and are bonded and sealed with the wall of the tank body.
The method for decomposing the agricultural and livestock husbandry waste by using the clean environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposing equipment comprises the following steps of:
(I) feeding process
(1-1) operating the driving main motor controller 29, starting the driving main motor 1, driving the transmission shaft 3 to rotate in the clockwise direction through the flange 2, and driving the blades 5 to rotate in the clockwise direction through the transmission shaft 3.
(1-2) the crushed waste of the farm animal husbandry enters from the feed hopper 14, washes open the sealing plate 16, enters the groove cavity 30, and is driven by the blade 5 to be transmitted to the gate 21 along the groove cavity 30.
(1-3) turn on the light source 17 and see the light in the chamber 30 through the light hole 18. With the continuous feeding, the material in the cavity 30 gradually increases, and the brightness of a part of the light holes 18 begins to be dim. At this time, the supply of the waste is stopped, the driving main motor controller 29 is operated to rotate the driving main motor 1 in the counterclockwise direction, and the driving main motor controller 29 is operated to rotate the driving main motor 1 in the clockwise direction, and this is repeated so that the waste in the chamber is uniformly distributed in the chamber.
(1-4) continuously feeding, continuously operating and driving the main motor controller 29 to ensure that the waste in the groove cavity 30 is uniformly distributed to almost block the light source 17, the light emitted by the light holes 18 is uniform and slightly dark, and stopping feeding.
(1-5) after stopping feeding, the sealing plate 16 is reset under the action of the spring 15 to block the feeding hopper 14. The light source 17 is turned off, the drive main motor 1 is turned off, and the temperature probe 7 is started.
(II) decomposition process
(2-1) when the reading temperature of each of the 14 temperature probes 7 reaches 70 ℃, the main motor controller 29 is automatically started to be driven, the main motor 1 is started to be driven by the main motor controller 29 to run along the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise direction at intervals, the blades 5 in the groove cavity 30 also run along the anticlockwise direction at intervals, and the blades 5 drive the waste to flow while stirring and turning the waste, so that the aims of cooling, oxygenating and uniformly stirring are fulfilled. When the waste is stirred and turned over, the hot water vapor rises to the exhaust pipe 19 through the exhaust port 20, negative pressure is formed in the tank cavity 30, and the external air enters the tank cavity 30 through the gap of the sealing plate 16 and the gap of the gate 21, so that the purposes of heat dissipation and oxygen supply are achieved.
(2-2) when the temperature of the temperature probe 7 reaches or falls below 50 ℃, the driving main motor controller 29 turns off the power supply for driving the main motor 1 and stops the turning. The hot water vapor rises through the exhaust port 20 to the exhaust pipe 19, and the outside air enters the chamber 30 through the gap of the sealing plate 16 and the gap of the shutter 21, so that the waste is further decomposed and the temperature starts to rise slowly. After the above steps are repeated for 15 days, the complete and sufficient aerobic decomposition of the waste is completed. All the corresponding components are converted into nutrient fertility which can be absorbed by plants.
(III) discharging
(3-1) after the decomposition is completed, operating the pulley motor controller 28, starting the pulley 25, lifting the gate 21 through the gate groove 22 by using the gate inhaul cable 23, opening the gate 21, operating the driving main motor controller 29 to enable the driving main motor 1 to rotate clockwise, pushing the decomposed waste to the direction of the gate by using the blade 5, so as to withdraw from the groove cavity 30, closing the driving main motor 1 by driving the main motor controller 29 after all the decomposed waste is cleared from the groove cavity 30, starting the pulley 25 by using the pulley motor controller 28, and putting down the gate 21 to prepare for the next decomposition.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A clean and environment-friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste decomposition device is characterized by comprising:
a decomposing tank; the decomposing tank is provided with a tank cavity, the top of the tank cavity is provided with an exhaust port, the top of the front end of the tank cavity is provided with a feed inlet, and the tail end of the tank cavity is provided with a discharge outlet;
a conveyance control mechanism; the transmission control mechanism comprises a transmission shaft arranged in the groove cavity, a driving main motor for controlling the transmission shaft to rotate and stirring and conveying blades uniformly arranged on the transmission shaft;
a feed control mechanism; the feeding control mechanism comprises a feeding hopper arranged above the feeding hole and a sealing plate arranged below the feeding hole, and the sealing plate can open or close the feeding hole;
a discharge control mechanism; the discharge control mechanism comprises a gate arranged at the tail end of the groove cavity and a gate controller for controlling the gate to open or close the discharge hole.
2. The clean and environmentally friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the slot cavity is horizontal design, the transmission shaft transversely sets up in the slot cavity.
3. The clean and environmentally friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the stirring and conveying blades are composed of a plurality of blades which are uniformly arranged along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft.
4. The clean and environmentally friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste composting apparatus of claim 3 wherein: adjacent blades are circumferentially spaced 120 degrees apart and axially spaced 500 millimeters apart.
5. The clean and environmentally friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste composting apparatus of claim 4 wherein: the included angle between each blade and the vertical surface of the transmission shaft is 13-18 degrees.
6. The clean and environmentally friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the sealing plate is characterized in that the front end of the sealing plate is fixed on the inner wall of the decomposing groove through a hinge, the tail end of the sealing plate horizontally extends to exceed the feed inlet, a spring is arranged at the top of the sealing plate, one end of the spring is connected with the front end of the sealing plate, and the other end of the spring is fixed on a spring frame.
7. The clean and environmentally friendly agricultural and animal husbandry waste composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the gate controller comprises a pulley, a gate cable, a pulley motor and a pulley motor controller, one end of the gate cable is connected with the gate, the other end of the gate cable is connected with the pulley, one end of the pulley motor is connected with the pulley motor controller, and the other end of the pulley motor is connected with the pulley.
8. The clean and environmentally friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste composting apparatus of claim 1 or 5 wherein: still include response mechanism, response mechanism is including setting up temperature probe and the light source of cell cavity, temperature probe sets up the cell cavity lower part, the light source sets up cell cavity upper portion, corresponding to the cell cavity wall of light source position sets up the light trap, set up the light-passing board on the light trap.
9. The clean, environmentally friendly agricultural and livestock husbandry waste composting apparatus of claim 8 wherein: the temperature probes are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the lower part of the groove cavity along the axial direction of the groove cavity, and the light sources are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the upper part of the groove cavity along the axial direction of the groove cavity.
10. A method of composting agricultural and livestock waste using the clean environment-friendly agricultural and livestock waste composting apparatus of claim 9, comprising the steps of:
(I) feeding process
(1-1) starting a driving main motor to drive a transmission shaft to rotate clockwise;
(1-2) feeding the crushed wastes of the agricultural and livestock husbandry from a feed hopper, opening a sealing plate, feeding the wastes into a groove cavity, and conveying the wastes along the groove cavity to the direction of a gate under the drive of a blade;
(1-3) turning on a light source, and observing the brightness in the groove cavity through the light hole; the materials in the groove cavity are gradually increased, the brightness of a part of light holes begins to be dim, the feeding is stopped, the main motor is started to drive the main motor to rotate anticlockwise and then rotate clockwise, and the steps are repeated, so that the wastes in the groove cavity are gradually and uniformly distributed in the groove cavity;
(1-4) continuing feeding, and stopping feeding when the waste in the groove cavity is uniformly distributed to a position where the light source can be blocked and the light emitted from the light holes is uniform and slightly dark;
(1-5) after stopping feeding, the sealing plate resets under the action of a spring to block the feed hopper; turning off the light source, turning off the driving main motor and starting the temperature probe;
(II) decomposition process
(2-1) when the reading temperature of the temperature probe reaches 70 ℃, starting the driving main motor to repeatedly rotate clockwise and anticlockwise at intervals, rising hot water vapor through the exhaust port, forming negative pressure in the groove cavity, and allowing external air to enter the groove cavity through the gap of the sealing plate and the gap of the gate so as to achieve the purposes of cooling and oxygenating;
(2-2) when the reading temperature of the temperature probe reaches or is lower than 50 ℃, closing the driving main motor and stopping turning; after 14-17 days, complete and sufficient aerobic decomposition of the waste is completed, and corresponding components are completely converted into nutrient fertility which can be absorbed by plants;
(III) discharging
(3-1) after the decomposition is finished, starting a discharging control mechanism, opening a gate, starting a driving main motor to rotate clockwise, pushing decomposed waste to the direction of the gate by a blade so as to withdraw from the groove cavity, closing the driving main motor after all the decomposed waste is cleared out of the groove cavity, closing the discharging control mechanism, and putting down the gate to prepare for the next decomposition.
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