CN216472958U - Kitchen garbage efficient handling integrated device - Google Patents

Kitchen garbage efficient handling integrated device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN216472958U
CN216472958U CN202120587275.5U CN202120587275U CN216472958U CN 216472958 U CN216472958 U CN 216472958U CN 202120587275 U CN202120587275 U CN 202120587275U CN 216472958 U CN216472958 U CN 216472958U
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stirring
pushing type
type fermentation
bin
fermentation bin
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李昊潼
蒋娜娜
杨阳
张沛
唐雪娇
卢会霞
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Nankai University
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Nankai University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated device for efficiently treating kitchen waste, which comprises a pretreatment system, a multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin, a material descending channel, a microbial agent feeding port, a discharging bin, a heating system, an integrated PID (proportion integration differentiation) temperature control and indication system, a transmission system, a gas monitoring system, a tail gas treatment system and a gas supply pressurization system, and can realize the operation of adding a microbial agent in stages, continuous pretreatment, feeding, composting and discharging and realize intelligent linkage control; synthesize a plurality of measures and improve and keep microbial activity, and then realize high-efficient continuous type compost, in addition, the device high integration is fit for the kitchen garbage's such as campus or large-scale enterprise dining room, community on-the-spot treatment, has realized kitchen garbage's resourceization, has reduced secondary pollution simultaneously.

Description

Kitchen garbage efficient handling integrated device
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of solid waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to an efficient combined composting treatment device for kitchen waste.
Background
The yield of kitchen waste and garden waste in China is increasing day by day. The most main treatment mode of the kitchen waste is centralized collection, transportation and landfill, and the treatment method is not only easy to breed mosquitoes and flies in the collection and transportation process, but also generates foul gas, thus affecting the environmental sanitation; and the organic wastes in the kitchen waste are easy to cause environmental pollution and damage in the landfill process, for example, the organic substances are decayed to generate odor and greenhouse gases, and the generated percolate is easy to pollute underground water and the like. Most of garden wastes are buried or burned as municipal wastes, so that biomass resources are wasted, land resources are occupied, carbon emission is increased, and the waste treatment cost is increased.
Aerobic composting is a process of decomposing organic wastes into stable humus by a microbial community under the conditions of good ventilation condition and sufficient oxygen, and has the characteristics of high degradation speed, short time and small odor generation amount; more importantly, compost products obtained after composting can be sold or utilized for the second time as organic fertilizers or soil conditioners, and have economic value and obvious environmental benefit. A large amount of kitchen waste and garden waste are frequently generated in public places such as university campuses, large communities and the like, and the two kinds of waste are high in organic matter content and are good raw materials for aerobic composting. If the kitchen waste and garden waste can be subjected to cooperative centralized composting treatment according to the properties of the kitchen waste and garden waste, resource utilization is realized, and the method has great significance for maintaining the environment and urban sanitation of the area, and building a waste-free society and even a ecological civilized society.
Chinese patent publication No. CN210506127U discloses a combined composting apparatus for garden waste and kitchen waste, which performs mixed composting of two types of waste by respectively providing a pulverizing layer, a drying layer and a composting layer. Although this equipment has realized the coprocessing of kitchen garbage and gardens wastes material, the stirring turns over a heap effect relatively poor, and the course of treatment is continuous inadequately, influences compost time and compost effect, and is consuming time long, and efficiency is lower.
Chinese patent publication No. CN212425904U also discloses a combined composting apparatus of garden waste and kitchen waste, in which a cleaning device is provided to clean the apparatus in time, but continuous composting operation cannot be achieved, the time consumption is long, and the work efficiency is low.
Chinese patent publication No. CN109160860A discloses a method for jointly recycling municipal sludge, municipal sludge and municipal kitchen waste, agricultural and forestry waste, river sludge, and the method comprises the steps of respectively treating different wastes, mixing the wastes, adding activated carbon and hydrogen peroxide for composting fermentation, and continuing for 14-28 days until the wastes are thoroughly decomposed to obtain compost fermentation products. However, in the patent, the crushing and pretreatment of various wastes are carried out in advance, the implementation of the method needs to sequentially carry out pretreatment operations such as sorting, crushing, drying and the like through a plurality of unit modules, the integration degree is low, and the method is not beneficial to popularization and application in the campus or the community.
In addition, the following shortcomings of the existing kitchen waste composting device and the existing technology generally exist: (1) only one microbial inoculum is generally used, adverse effects of temperature changes in the composting process on microbial activity are not considered, and the composting efficiency needs to be improved. (2) The automation and intelligence degree is not high, the temperature of the compost bin needs to be manually detected and controlled, the efficiency is low, and the compost quality cannot be guaranteed.
In conclusion, the existing kitchen waste composting equipment has poor composting continuity, low efficiency and long time consumption.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Technical problem to be solved
The utility model aims to provide a kitchen waste combined composting device which can solve the problems of poor composting continuity, low efficiency and long time consumption of the traditional composting device.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a device suitable for in-situ, efficient and cooperative treatment of kitchen waste and garden waste in campuses or large-scale enterprise canteens, communities and the like, which comprises a pretreatment system, a multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin, a material descending channel, a microbial agent feeding port, a discharging bin, a heating system, an integrated PID temperature control and indication system, a transmission system, a gas monitoring system, a tail gas treatment system and an air supply pressurization system, and can realize the operation of adding a microbial agent in stages, continuously pretreating, feeding, composting and discharging and realize intelligent linkage control; the pretreatment system is arranged above the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and communicated with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin, the material downlink channel is arranged inside the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin, the microbial agent feeding port is arranged at the upper part and the middle part of the side wall of the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and is respectively used for feeding a medium-temperature microbial agent and a high-temperature-resistant microbial agent, the material discharging bin is arranged below the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and realizes automatic material discharging by an automatic spiral material discharging device, the heating system is connected with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin, the integrated temperature control PID and indication system is connected with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and carries out real-time temperature monitoring and control, the transmission system is connected with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and provides power and is powered by a solar cell panel, and the gas monitoring system is connected with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin, the tail gas treatment system is connected with the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin and used for treating tail gas generated in the composting process, and the gas supply and pressurization device is connected with the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin.
Preferably, the pretreatment system comprises a kitchen waste crushing chamber, a garden waste crushing chamber and a drying and stirring chamber; the kitchen waste crushing chamber and the garden waste crushing chamber are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction, and the drying and stirring chamber is positioned below the kitchen waste crushing chamber and the garden waste crushing chamber; kitchen garbage smashes room and gardens wastes material and smashes room top and be equipped with the dog-house respectively, and inside is equipped with reducing mechanism respectively, and the bottom is equipped with the discharge gate respectively and leads to the stoving teeter chamber of below.
Preferably, the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin is arranged below the pretreatment system and comprises a bin body, a middle shaft, a bed layer, a stirring arm and a stirring rod; the stirring rod is connected with the stirring arm and is of a helical blade structure, so that the stirring is more sufficient.
Preferably, the material descending channel is formed by a space between the outer side of a bed layer and a bin body or between the inner side of the bed layer and a middle shaft in the multi-layer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin.
Preferably, the heating system comprises a heat storage pipeline, a heating pipeline and a circulating heating device, the heat storage pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the discharging bin, the heating pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin and at the bottom of a lower hollow cone bed layer of the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin, and the circulating heating device is communicated with the heating pipeline; and (3) waste heat in the decomposed product raises the temperature of water in the heat storage pipeline, and the water is pumped into the heating pipeline to realize heating and heat preservation in the composting process, and when the temperature does not meet the requirement of the composting process, the circulating heating device is started to compensate the temperature.
Preferably, the integrated PID temperature control and indication system is provided with a plurality of monitoring points on the side wall of the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin, so that the multi-stage compost temperature can be monitored and controlled in real time, and when the temperature is lower than the suitable growth temperature of the strains, the circulating heating device is started to heat to the suitable temperature.
Preferably, the gas monitoring system is provided with a plurality of monitoring points arranged on the side wall of the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin and used for detecting the compost maturity condition and the fermentation gas emission condition.
Preferably, the drying and stirring chamber is arranged below the kitchen waste crushing chamber and the agriculture and forestry waste crushing chamber and comprises a stirring arm above, a stirring rod connected with the stirring arm, a drying net at the bottom and a drying material outlet, wherein the stirring arm rotates around a central shaft under the action of a transmission device to fully mix the kitchen waste and the agriculture and forestry waste, the gap distribution of the drying net is uniform and smaller than the average particle size of the broken waste, and heat generated in the composting process of the multi-layer stirring and material pushing type fermentation bin below can rise through the drying net and radiate to the drying and stirring chamber.
Preferably, the multilayer stirring pushes away material formula fermentation storehouse axis and runs through a plurality of beds, and above hollow cone or hollow cone interval arrangement down be in the compost storehouse, each layer the bed top all is provided with fixes epaxial rabbling arm in, rabbling arm and corresponding bed parallel arrangement, the bed is equipped with the feed opening, the feed opening is including setting up at the central feed opening of axis one side and the side feed opening that is close to the furnace body lateral wall, central feed opening with the crisscross setting in side feed opening interval, the bed sets up to the direction slope of feed opening.
(III) advantageous effects
(1) Composting is carried out by adopting a multilayer stirring and pushing mode, and a stirring rod is made into a propeller structure. The kitchen waste continuously enters the next layer through the channels of each layer under the action of the stirring rod. The material pushing mode enables the raw materials to be in contact with oxygen and microorganisms more fully, and meanwhile, the raw materials can dissipate heat and volatilize excessive moisture in time, so that the microbial activity is increased;
(2) the heating system comprises a heat storage pipeline, a heating pipeline and a circulating heating device, and is combined with a PID temperature control system to monitor the temperature in the bin in real time and adjust, so that high-efficiency composting is realized, and the composting time is shortened.
(3) An external microbial inoculum is adopted, a plurality of microbial inoculum feed inlets are formed, different heights correspond to different composting stages, and corresponding mesophilic bacteria or thermophilic bacteria are correspondingly added, so that the high activity of microorganisms is maintained, organic matters are efficiently decomposed, and the composting efficiency in the process is improved;
(4) the garden waste which is easy to collect independently is mixed with the kitchen waste, so that the salinity of the kitchen waste can be reduced, and meanwhile, the water regulation pretreatment link during respective independent composting can be reduced by mixing the garden waste and the kitchen waste in proportion, and the microbial activity can be protected.
Synthesize above a plurality of measures and improve and keep microbial activity, and then realize high-efficient continuous type compost, in addition, the device is high integrated, is fit for the kitchen garbage's such as campus or large-scale enterprise dining room, community spot treatment, has realized kitchen garbage's resourceization, has reduced secondary pollution simultaneously.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention. In the figure 1, the kitchen waste feeding port is 1, the kitchen waste crushing device is 2, the kitchen waste discharging port is 3, the garden waste feeding port is 4, the garden waste crushing device is 5, the garden waste discharging port is 6, the drying and stirring chamber is 7, the bin body is 8, the middle shaft is 9, the bed layer is 10, the stirring arm is 11, the stirring rod is 12, the material descending channel is 13, the microbial agent feeding port is 14, the material discharging bin is 15, the heat storage pipeline is 16, the heating pipeline is 17, the circulating heating device is 18, the PID temperature control and indication system is 19 integrated, the transmission device is 20, the gas monitoring system is 21, the tail gas treatment system is 22, the gas supply and pressurization device is 23, the gas supply pipeline is 24, the solar cell is 25, the solar cell is connected with the solar cell, and the energy storage tank is connected with the energy storage tank through the transmission device, 26-discharge opening, 27-spiral discharge device
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the drying and stirring chamber.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a hollow conical bed layer on a multi-layer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the lower hollow conical bed layer of the multi-layer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the decomposition bin.
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the stirring paddle, wherein 12-1 is a screw shaft and 12-2 is a screw rod outer spiral knife. The number of the spiral stirring rods is set according to the actual requirement and the actual size of the device, and is generally preferably 4 to 15.
Fig. 7 is a detailed view of the heating system. Wherein 16-heat storage pipelines 17-1 and 17-3 are heating pipelines at the lower part of the bed layer, and 17-2 is a heating pipeline at the side wall.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Kitchen waste and garden waste respectively enter a crushing chamber from a kitchen waste feeding port (1) and a garden waste feeding port (4), are crushed by a kitchen waste crushing device (2) and a garden waste crushing device (5), and the adding proportion is determined according to the specific salinity of the kitchen waste; after the two kinds of garbage are crushed, the two kinds of garbage respectively enter a drying and stirring chamber (7) through a kitchen garbage discharge port (3) and a garden waste discharge port (6), are uniformly mixed, and are dried by utilizing rising hot gas generated by lower-layer fermentation, so that the water content of the raw materials is reduced; the mixed materials enter a multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin, firstly fall onto a first layer of bed layer (10), the wall of the bin is provided with a plurality of microbial agent feeding ports (14) which are respectively used for feeding a mesophilic microbial agent and a thermophilic microbial agent, and a plurality of microbial agent feeding ports can be added according to the actual height of the device; the materials are uniformly stirred and mixed by a stirring arm (11) with screw rods (12-1, 12-2), meanwhile, the screw rods (12-1, 12-2) play a role of secondary crushing, are fully contacted with microorganisms and are composted, and fall into the next bed layer under the action of the stirring rod after one layer of fermentation is finished, and continue to ferment through a material descending channel (13); after the primary fermentation is finished, the fermented material is stored in a material discharging bin (15) below the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin, after the fermented material is thoroughly decomposed for a period of time, an electric control material discharging opening (26) is opened, and the fermented material is discharged through a spiral material discharging device (27).
Air enters the bin through an air supply pipeline (24) by an air supply supercharging device (23) and is treated by an odor treatment system (22) to obtain tail gas.
When fermentation is started, the integrated PID temperature control and indication system (19) is started at the same time, heat generated in the composting and decomposing process can be conducted to water in the heat storage pipeline (16) through the heat storage pipeline, so that the temperature of the water in the heat storage pipeline (16) is increased, and water in the heat storage pipeline (16) is pumped into the heating pipeline (17) to realize heating and heat preservation in the composting process. A plurality of monitoring point positions are distributed on the side wall of the bin body (8) and are connected with a gas monitoring system (21), so that the real-time monitoring and control of the composting temperature are realized, and when the temperature in the heat storage pipeline (16) does not reach the proper temperature required in the composting process, a circulating heating device (18) is started for further heating.
The kitchen waste crushing device (2), the garden waste crushing device (5), the transmission device (20) of the middle shaft (9), the tail gas treatment system (22) and the gas supply and pressurization device (23) are all used together with the solar cell (25).
The above-described embodiments are intended only to illustrate the inventive concept of the present invention and not to limit the protection of the claims of the present invention, and any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above-described embodiments according to the technical and methodological principles of the present invention are within the scope of the technical and methodological aspects of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage high efficiency processing integrated device which characterized in that: the device comprises a pretreatment system, a multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin, a material descending channel, a microbial agent feeding port, a discharging bin, a heating system, an integrated PID temperature control and indication system, a transmission system, a gas monitoring system, a tail gas treatment system and a gas supply and pressurization device, and can realize the operation of feeding microbial agents, continuous pretreatment, feeding, composting and discharging in stages and realize intelligent linkage control; the pretreatment system is arranged above the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and communicated with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin, the material downlink channel is arranged inside the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin, the microbial agent feeding port is arranged at the upper part and the middle part of the side wall of the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and is respectively used for feeding a medium-temperature microbial agent and a high-temperature-resistant microbial agent, the material discharging bin is arranged below the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and realizes automatic material discharging by an automatic spiral material discharging device, the heating system is connected with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin, the integrated temperature control PID and indication system is connected with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and carries out real-time temperature monitoring and control, the transmission system is connected with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin and provides power and is powered by a solar cell panel, and the gas monitoring system is connected with the multilayer stirring material-pushing type fermentation bin, the tail gas treatment system is connected with the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin and used for treating tail gas generated in the composting process, and the gas supply and pressurization device is connected with the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin.
2. The integrated device for efficiently treating the kitchen waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the pretreatment system comprises a kitchen waste crushing chamber, a garden waste crushing chamber and a drying and stirring chamber; the kitchen waste crushing chamber and the garden waste crushing chamber are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction, and the drying and stirring chamber is positioned below the kitchen waste crushing chamber and the garden waste crushing chamber; kitchen garbage smashes room and gardens wastes material and smashes room top and be equipped with the dog-house respectively, and inside is equipped with reducing mechanism respectively, and the bottom is equipped with the discharge gate respectively and leads to the stoving teeter chamber of below.
3. The integrated device for efficiently treating the kitchen waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin is arranged below the pretreatment system and comprises a bin body, a middle shaft, a bed layer, a stirring arm and a stirring rod; the stirring rod is connected with the stirring arm and is of a helical blade structure, so that the stirring is more sufficient.
4. The integrated device for efficiently treating kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material descending channel is formed by a space between the outer side of a bed layer and a bin body or between the inner side of the bed layer and a middle shaft in the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin.
5. The integrated device for efficiently treating the kitchen waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the heating system comprises a heat storage pipeline, a heating pipeline and a circulating heating device, the heat storage pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the discharging bin, the heating pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin and the bottom of a lower hollow cone bed layer of the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin, and the circulating heating device is communicated with the heating pipeline; and (3) waste heat in the decomposed product raises the temperature of water in the heat storage pipeline, and the water is pumped into the heating pipeline to realize heating and heat preservation in the composting process, and when the temperature does not meet the requirement of the composting process, the circulating heating device is started to compensate the temperature.
6. The integrated device for efficiently treating the kitchen waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the integrated PID temperature control and indication system is characterized in that a plurality of monitoring point positions are arranged on the side wall of the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin, so that the real-time monitoring and control of the temperature of the multi-stage compost are realized, and when the temperature is lower than the suitable growth temperature of the strains, the circulating heating device is started to heat to the suitable temperature.
7. The integrated device for efficiently treating the kitchen waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gas monitoring system is provided with a plurality of monitoring points arranged on the side wall of the multilayer stirring and pushing type fermentation bin and used for detecting the compost maturity condition and the fermentation gas emission condition.
8. The integrated device for efficiently treating the kitchen waste, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the drying and stirring chamber is arranged below the kitchen waste crushing chamber and the agriculture and forestry waste crushing chamber and comprises a stirring arm above, a stirring rod connected with the stirring arm, a drying net at the bottom and a drying material outlet, wherein the stirring arm rotates around a central shaft under the action of a transmission device to fully mix the kitchen waste and the agriculture and forestry waste, the gap of the drying net is uniformly distributed and is smaller than the average particle size of the broken waste, and heat generated in the composting process of the lower multi-layer stirring and material pushing type fermentation bin can rise through the drying net and radiate to the drying and stirring chamber.
9. The integrated device for efficiently treating the kitchen waste, according to claim 3, is characterized in that: multilayer stirring pushes away material formula fermentation storehouse axis and runs through a plurality of beds, and above hollow cone or hollow cone interval arrangement down the multilayer stirring pushes away material formula fermentation storehouse internal, each layer the bed top all is provided with fixes epaxial rabbling arm in, rabbling arm and corresponding bed parallel arrangement, the bed is equipped with the feed opening, the feed opening is including setting up at the central feed opening of axis one side and the side feed opening that is close to the furnace body lateral wall, central feed opening with the crisscross setting in side feed opening interval, the bed sets up to the direction slope of feed opening.
CN202120587275.5U 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Kitchen garbage efficient handling integrated device Active CN216472958U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202120587275.5U CN216472958U (en) 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Kitchen garbage efficient handling integrated device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202120587275.5U CN216472958U (en) 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Kitchen garbage efficient handling integrated device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN216472958U true CN216472958U (en) 2022-05-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202120587275.5U Active CN216472958U (en) 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Kitchen garbage efficient handling integrated device

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