CN112898604A - 蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用 - Google Patents
蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用。所述蚕丝蛋白为蚕丝水解后的产物丝素、或丝胶中一种或两者组合,所述丝素或丝胶的分子量为100‑30000Da。将蛋白溶液与花青素溶液混合,利用涡旋的方式,制备出花青素纳米复合物。花青素来源于桑葚中,与蚕丝同属于蚕桑体系,蚕丝的水解活性成分对花青素保护效果明显,对花青素自身的活性没有产生影响,并且制备方法简单条件可控,有利于大规模的产业化,促进了蚕桑体系的发展。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物材料应用技术领域,具体涉及一种蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用。
背景技术
花青素是一种天然色素,也是自然界中具有特征性色彩的原因。在水果,蔬菜和花卉中。最近,已证明花青素具有作为天然色素的许多生理功能,包括抗癌药,抗突变药,抗氧化活性和炎症等。由于花青素具有多种有益的生物活性,并已被广泛用作食品添加剂以改善食品的健康功能。但是,由于暴露于pH值,氧化,温度,光,金属离子和抗坏血酸条件下容易降解,因此花青素通常显示出较低的理化稳定性和较低的生物利用度。低的理化稳定性是限制花青素应用的主要原因。
针对这一问题,目前已有很多方法被用于提升花青素的理化稳定性。微囊化作为常用的方法之一,根据所选壁材的不同,也会产生不同的效果。蛋白质由于其出色的生物相容性和广泛的来源,一直是最受欢迎的壁材之一。
蚕丝中主要成分的蚕丝蛋白(SP)由于其优异的机械性能,生物相容性和可生物降解性而开始进入我们的视野。同时,在环境条件下,SP会形成从纤维到管子以及具有独特技术和功能特性的球形颗粒的纳米结构。另外,花青素是桑葚的主要成分,与蚕丝属于相同的蚕桑体系中。使用蚕丝中的水解活性成分来提高花青素的稳定性将扩大蚕桑产品应用。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用。蚕丝蛋白具有良好的生物活性以及天然的生物相容性,与花青素混合制备纳米复合物,不仅保护花青素,以提升花青素的稳定性,同时还能保持花青素原有的活性,扩大了蚕桑产品的应用。
为解决现有技术问题,本发明采取的技术方案为:
蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用,所述蚕丝蛋白为蚕丝水解后的产物丝素、或丝胶中一种或两者组合,所述丝素或丝胶的分子量为100-30000Da;所述丝素由16种氨基酸组成,氨基酸含量见图1;所述丝胶由16种氨基酸组成,氨基酸含量见图2。
上述应用,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,配制蛋白和花青素溶液
将蛋白粉末和花青素粉末溶于去离子水中,配制成蛋白溶液和花青素溶液;
步骤2,制备花青素纳米复合物
当蛋白粉末为丝素时,将丝素与花青素按质量比为1:0.1-0.8混合,丝素终浓度大于0.1mg/mL,混合后涡旋5s后得到花青素纳米复合物;
当蛋白粉末为丝胶时,水溶液状态的丝胶与花青素按质量比为1:0.4-2.0,此时丝胶的浓度为0.1-2mg/mL,凝胶状态的丝胶与花青素按质量比为1:0.05-0.25,此时丝胶的浓度应大于2mg/mL,混合后涡旋5s后得到花青素纳米复合物。
作为改进的是,步骤1中蛋白溶液配置时,需超声10min。
作为改进的是,步骤2中丝素与花青素的质量比为1:0.5,丝素终浓度为1.0mg/mL,花青素终浓度为0.5mg/mL。
作为改进的是,步骤2中水溶液状态的丝胶与花青素的质量比为1:0.8,丝胶终浓度为0.5mg/mL,花青素终浓度为0.4mg/mL,凝胶状态的丝胶与花青素质量比为1:0.1,丝胶终浓度为4.0mg/mL,花青素终浓度为0.4mg/mL。
上述花青素纳米复合物在制备食品、化妆品、保健品或药品上的应用。
有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用,具有如下优势:
(1)蚕丝与花青素同属于蚕桑体系,原料易得,操作简单,成本低,可大规模的生产,该发明扩大了蚕桑产品的应用;
(2)本发明所述的花青素纳米复合物具有良好的稳定性,且保持了花青素原有的活性;
附图说明
图1为所用丝素蛋白的氨基酸含量检测报告;
图2为所用丝胶蛋白的氨基酸含量检测报告;
图3丝素和丝胶的荧光光谱图,(a)丝素的荧光光谱图,(b)丝胶的荧光光谱图;
图4为花青素纳米复合物的荧光光谱图,(a)丝素浓度为1mg/mL时的花青素纳米复合物的荧光光谱图,(b)丝胶浓度为0.5mg/mL时的花青素纳米复合物荧光光谱图,(c)丝胶浓度为4.0mg/mL时的花青素纳米复合物荧光光谱图;
图5为动态光闪射测量的粒径电位图,(a)丝素花青素纳米复合物的粒径电位图,(b)不同浓度的丝胶及丝胶花青素纳米复合物的粒径图,(c)不同浓度的丝胶及丝胶花青素纳米复合物的电位图;
图6为原子力显微镜图,(a)丝素的原子力显微镜图,(b)丝素花青素纳米复合物的原子力显微镜图,(c)浓度为0.5mg/mL的丝胶的原子力显微镜图,(d)浓度为4.0mg/mL的丝胶的原子力显微镜图,(e)丝胶浓度为0.5mg/mL时的丝胶花青素纳米复合物的原子力显微镜图,(f)丝胶浓度为4.0mg/mL时的丝胶花青素纳米复合物的原子力显微镜图;
图7为透射电子显微镜图,(a)丝素的透射电子显微镜图,(b)丝素花青素纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜图,(c)浓度为0.5mg/mL的丝胶的透射电子显微镜图,(d)浓度为4.0mg/mL的丝胶的透射电子显微镜图,(e)丝胶浓度为0.5mg/mL时的丝胶花青素纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜图,(f)丝胶浓度为4.0mg/mL时的丝胶花青素纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜图;
图8为圆二色光谱图,(a)丝素与丝素花青素纳米复合物的圆二色光谱图,(b)丝胶浓度为0.5mg/mL时的丝胶与丝胶花青素纳米复合物的圆二色光谱图,(c)丝胶浓度为4.0mg/mL时的丝胶与丝胶花青素纳米复合物的圆二色光谱图;
图9为花青素标准曲线和包裹率及负载量图,(a)花青素的UV/vis吸收标准曲线,(b)丝素的包裹率和负载量图,(c)丝胶的包裹率和负载量图;
图10为不同pH下花青素的UV/vis吸收图,(a)为花青素UV/vis吸收图,(b)为吸收峰位移图;
图11为丝素花青素纳米复合物的pH稳定性图,(a)浓度为0.5mg/mL的花青素pH稳定性图,(b)丝素花青素纳米复合物pH稳定性图,(c)pH稳定性实验的pH值统计图;
图12为丝胶花青素纳米复合物的pH稳定性图,(a)浓度为0.4mg/mL的花青素pH稳定性图,(b)丝胶浓度为0.5mg/mL的丝胶花青素纳米复合物的pH稳定性图,(c)丝胶浓度为4.0mg/mL的丝胶花青素纳米复合物的pH稳定性图,(d)pH稳定性实验的pH值统计图;
图13为金属离子稳定性实验图,(a)为丝素花青素纳米复合物的保留率,(b)为丝胶花青素纳米复合物的保留率;
图14为丝素花青素纳米复合物的热稳定性实验图,(a)热降解系数图,(b)热降解率图;
图15为丝胶花青素纳米复合物的热稳定性实验图;
图16为丝素花青素纳米复合物冷冻干燥复溶后的粒径电位图;
图17为抗氧化活性实验图,(a)丝素花青素纳米复合物的抗氧化活性图,(b)丝胶花青素纳米复合物的抗氧化活性图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式对本发明进行进一步说明,但本发明的保护范围并不因此局限于下述实施例。
蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用,所述蚕丝蛋白为蚕丝的水解活性成分由丝素蛋白和丝胶蛋白组成;或将蚕丝蛋白进一步水解后,所得分子量在100-30000Da的丝素蛋白或丝胶蛋白;所述丝素蛋白由16种氨基酸组成,氨基酸含量见图1;所述丝胶蛋白由16种氨基酸组成,氨基酸含量见图2。
本发明所述丝素蛋白和丝胶蛋白均购于杭州林然生物科技有限公司,产品名称分别为丝肽粉和丝胶粉。
实验例1
配制不同浓度的丝素溶液(浓度分别为0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.5和2.0mg/mL),利用荧光分光光度计检测丝素的吸收峰,参数设置:激发波长280nm,接收波长范围300-425nm。
配制不同浓度的丝胶溶液(浓度分别为0.125、0.250、0.500、1.000、2.000、4.000、6.000、8.000mg/mL),利用荧光分光光度计检测丝素的吸收峰,参数设置:激发波长280nm,接收波长范围350-550nm。
本实验获得的荧光光谱图如图3所示。
综合图上信息可知,考虑添加花青素后会发生荧光猝灭现象导致荧光下降,因此需选择荧光强度的适中的浓度,同时考虑丝素的用量成本问题,最后选定丝素荧光较为适中的浓度1mg/mL来进行后续的实验。
丝胶的荧光随着浓度的增加出现了红移的现象,这是因为丝胶本身具有两种不同的状态,低浓度是为水溶液状态,高浓度时为凝胶的状态,因此我们分别选取了水溶液状态(0.5mg/mL)和凝胶状态(4.0mg/mL)来进行后续的实验。
实验例2
蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用,包括以下步骤:
(1)配制蛋白和花青素溶液
将蚕丝蛋白粉末和花青素粉末溶于去离子水中,配制成浓度为10mg/mL的蚕丝蛋白溶液,1.0mg/mL的花青素溶液;
(2)制备蛋白花青素纳米复合物
将丝素与花青素按质量比为1:0.1-0.8混合,丝素终浓度为1.0mg/mL;
利用不同状态的丝胶溶液与花青素溶液混合,混合后涡旋5s后得到花青素纳米复合物;其中,水溶液状态的丝胶与花青素按质量比为1:0.4-2.0,此时丝胶的浓度为0.5mg/mL;凝胶状态的丝胶与花青素按质量比为1:0.05-0.25,此时丝胶的浓度为4.0mg/mL。
实验例3
荧光猝灭
按照实验例2中的方法制备花青素纳米复合物,将丝素花青素纳米复合物放入荧光分光光度计中进行检测,参数设置:激发波长280nm,接收波长范围300-500nm。
丝胶花青素纳米复合物的参数设置:激发波长280nm,接收波长范围350-550nm。通过荧光吸收峰,计算相关参数。
F1/F2=1+Kqτ0[Q]=1+Ksv[Q]
F1和F2分别是与花青素结合前后的丝素的荧光强度,Kq是蛋白的猝灭常数,Ksv是Sterne-Volmer猝灭常数;τ0(=10-8s)是没有猝灭剂的荧光团的平均寿命,[Q]是淬灭剂的浓度。
本实验获得的荧光光谱图见4。
丝素中含有酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸,花青素的加入改变了这些氨基酸所处的微环境,造成了荧光猝灭现象的产生。同时也证明了花青素与丝素发生了结合,并且通过表1中的数据可以看出,花青素与丝素的结合是一种稳定的静态猝灭的结合方式。表2中的数据也反应出了丝胶与花青素的结合是稳定的静态猝灭形式,并且凝胶状态的下的丝胶相对于水溶液的丝胶来说结合更为紧密。
表1丝素中花青素的Stern-Volmer淬灭常数
表2丝胶中花青素的Stern-Volmer淬灭常数
实验例4
粒径电位测量
为保证丝素和丝胶完全猝灭,选取了丝素和花青素1:0.50的比例,丝胶和花青素1:0.80(丝胶浓度0.5mg/mL),1:0.10(丝胶浓度4.0mg/mL)来进行后续的实验。按照实验例2的方法配制后复合物后,进行了粒径和电位的检测。花青素纳米复合物的粒径是通过90Plus Zeta测量的。将样品溶液(50μL)注入塑料微池中。选择粒度确定模式,将平衡样品溶液的时间设置为120s。
Zeta电位通过同一机器测量。首先,用去离子水将样品溶液(50μL)稀释至1mL,然后将测量类型调整为Zeta电位,最后选择毛细管样品池DTS 1070进行Zeta电位测量。
本实验所获得的结果见图5。
丝素花青素纳米复合物的粒径为134.73±4.51nm,电位为24.43±0.55mV,所制备的丝素花青素纳米复合物在水溶液中较为稳定。丝胶的粒径变化较为明显,原来单独的丝胶粒径分别为564.60±55.32nm(0.5mg/mL)和643.70±57.19nm(4.0mg/mL),制备成复合物后粒径变成了406.70±22.92nm(0.5mg/mL)和223.30±24.45nm(4.0mg/mL),粒径变小。电位也发生了变化,单独的丝胶的电位为-19.83±0.66mV(0.5mg/mL)和-26.37±1.235mV(4.0mg/mL),变成了7.5±0.38(0.5mg/mL)和-19.77±0.18(4.0mg/mL)。
实验例5
形貌表征
原子力显微镜用于表征丝素和花青素纳米复合物的形貌。将样品(20μL)铺在新鲜裂解的云母上,并在室温下干燥10分钟,以去除表面上的残留液体。然后进行原子力显微镜图像的拍摄。
另外还利用透射电子显微镜来确定丝素和花青素纳米复合物的形貌。将样品溶液(10μL)在400目铜网上孵育5min,然后用1%磷钨酸溶液(10μL)染色30s。然后,用去离子水除去过量的磷钨酸。最后,在自然干燥后,以120kV的加速电压通过透射电子显微镜检测样品。
丝胶花青素纳米复合物也按同样的方案进行处理,进行原子力显微镜和透射电子显微镜的拍摄。
本实验所获得的结果见图6,图7。
与花青素结合后,丝素的形貌发生明显的变化,由原来的小颗粒状物质变成大的球状颗粒,并且从原子力显微镜图中还可以看出高度也发生了变化,这都意味着花青素结合到了丝素上,花青素纳米复合物的形成。
与花青素结合后,丝胶由原来较大的颗粒,变成了小颗粒装物质,这可能是由于花青素的加入,使得丝胶原来的状态被打破,与花青素结合从而形成小颗粒物质,结果与粒径的测量结果稳合。
实验例6
二级结构表征
丝素和花青素纳米复合物的二级结构通过使用PTC-348W1光谱偏振器进行表征。将样品溶液(300μL)转移到1mm石英管中,并以190-260nm的光谱收集光谱,其中缝隙为1nm,扫描速度为50nm min-1。丝胶和丝胶花青素纳米复合物按同样的方案进行二级结构的表征。
本实验所获得的结果见图8。
丝素在与花青素结合前后的二级结构并没有发生明显的变化,这意味着丝素与花青素的结合更多的是受到分子间作用力的驱动,直接结合的过程,这与之前的共组装机理不同。
丝胶与花青素结合前后二级结构发生了明显的转变,0.5mg/mL时的单独丝胶为无规卷曲的状态,结合花青素后向β-折叠发生转变,4.0mg/mL的丝胶为β-折叠状态,结合后向α-螺旋发生了转变,这说明丝胶与花青素发生了共组装,从而结合形成了纳米复合物。
实验例7
花青素标曲与包裹率和负载量
配制浓度为0.05,0.10,0.20,0.30,0.40,0.50,0.60mg/mL的花青素溶液,利用紫外-可见光分光光度计检测UV/vis的吸光值,做出花青素的标准曲线,见图9。
另外,通过超滤的实验,检测超滤前和超滤后滤液的UV/vis吸光值来进行包裹率和负载量的计算。
包裹率及负载量计算公式如下:
ce和ci分别为包裹的花青素的浓度,初始的进料的花青素的浓度,ma和mp分别为负载的花青素的质量,所用的蚕丝蛋白的质量。
本实验所获得的结果见图9。
丝素对花青素的包裹率为48.43±1.48%,负载量为25.33±1.11%,丝胶(0.5mg/mL)对花青素的包裹率为56.92±1.25%,负载量为45.53±1.00%,丝胶(4.0mg/mL)对花青素的包裹率为55.20±1.81%,负载量为5.52±0.18%。
实验例8
pH稳定性
配制终浓度为0.50mg/mL的花青素溶液,利用0.1mol/L的HCl和0.1mol/L的NaOH调节pH至4.0,5.6,6.0,7.4,8.0,9.8,检测其UV/vis吸光值,并标出吸收峰位置,如图10所示。
通过向丝素花青素纳米复合物溶液(200μL)添加0.2、0.4、0.6和0.8μL的0.1MNaOH评估丝素对花青素的pH稳定性的保护作用。每次滴下后,检测花青素纳米复合物中花青素的UV/vis吸光值,并监测pH值的变化。将200μL花青素的溶液作为对照组按同样的方法进行处理。
向丝胶花青素纳米复合物溶液(200μL)添加0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8和1.0μL的0.1MNaOH评估丝胶对花青素的pH稳定性的保护作用。每次滴下后,检测花青素纳米复合物中花青素的UV/vis吸光值,并监测pH值的变化。将200μL花青素的溶液作为对照组按同样的方法进行处理。
本实验所获得的结果见图11,图12。
花青素的UV/vis吸收峰会随着pH的改变而发生偏移,同时发生结构的改变,这种结构的改变会造成花青素的降解。随着滴加的NaOH的不断增加,花青素和丝素花青素纳米复合物的UV/vis吸收峰也在不断的偏移,但是丝素花青素纳米复合物的偏移速度明显缓于花青素。通过对样品溶液pH值的变化,也可以证明这结果。这意味丝素的加入,提高了花青素对pH的稳定性。低浓度的丝胶保护效果不明显,但凝胶状态的丝胶(4.0mg/mL)呈现出的较为明显的保护作用。
实验例9
金属离子稳定性
为了验证丝素对金属离子中C3G的保护作用,用二水合氯化铜制备了0.1、0.3和0.5M/L的Cu2+溶液。然后将Cu2+溶液加入到花青素纳米复合物中,体积比为1:1。测量样品溶液在6h和12h的UV/vis吸光值。对照组是花青素溶液,以同样的方法进行处理。
用二水合氯化铜制备了10、30和50mM/L的Cu2+溶液。然后将Cu2+溶液加入到丝胶花青素纳米复合物中,体积比为1:1。测量样品溶液在1h,2h和3h的UV/vis吸光值。对照组是花青素溶液,以同样的方法进行处理。
本实验所获得的结果见图13。
当溶液中的Cu2+浓度为0.1M/L时,花青素6h的保留率为33.00±2.70%,丝素花青素纳米复合物的保留率为97.93±0.66%,12h时花青素已全部发生降解,但丝素花青素纳米复合物中的花青素仍保留了大部分。
丝胶相对于丝素来说效果不明显,是由于丝胶本身没有丝素与金属离子结合的稳定,因此对花青素的保护作用不明显。
实验例10
热稳定性
通过将花青素(0.5mg/mL)和丝素花青素纳米复合物分别在80℃加热0、1、2和3h来完成温度稳定性。然后,将样品在4℃冷藏以冷却。测试每个样品的UV/vis吸光值,并按以下公式计算热降解系数:
其中C0和Ct是加热前后花青素的浓度,A0和At是溶液的初始吸光度和溶液在t时间的吸光度,k是在相应温度(h-1)下的热降解反应常数,t是时间(h),t1/2是热降解半衰期(h),P是热降解率(%)。
花青素(0.4mg/mL)和丝胶花青素纳米复合物在80℃下加热0、3h,已检测丝胶对花青素热稳定性的保护作用。
本实验所获得的实验结果见图14,图15。
通过计算热降解的相关系数,对丝素对花青素的热稳定性提升定量。花青素的半衰期由原来的8.66h提升到了21.64h,提升了249.88%,提升效果显著。
丝胶花青素纳米复合物实验中,花青素的保留率为78.6±3.36%,丝胶(0.5mg/mL)花青素纳米复合物保留率为85.67±1.53%,丝胶(4.0mg/mL)花青素纳米复合物保留率为90.06±1.92%。比起水溶液状态的丝胶花青素的保护,凝胶状态的丝胶保护作用更为明显。
表3丝素花青素纳米复合物热降解系数
实验例11
冷冻干燥
对所制备的丝素花青素纳米复合物进行了冷冻干燥,之后再进行复溶,以检测纳米复合物的稳定性。将花青素纳米复合物溶液在液氮中预冷冻,然后在微型冻干机中冷冻。将冷冻样品置于冻干机上6小时,直到从溶液中除去所有水为止。之后,取出冷冻干燥的丝素花青素纳米复合物的粉末进行复溶。根据实验例4中的方法,测量冻干前后的丝素花青素纳米复合物的粒径和电位。
本实验所获得的结果见图16。
冷冻干燥复溶后的丝素花青素纳米复合物粒径有变化的现象,这可能是由于未加冻干保护剂所造成的现象。但是丝素花青素纳米复合物的电位仍维持在原来的水平,这意味着此时的纳米复合物在水溶液中仍是稳定的状态。
实验例12
抗氧化活性
通过DPPH自由基清除实验测试了溶液和纳米复合物中花青素的抗氧化活性。将2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶并肼基溶于无水乙醇中来制备0.1mM/mL的DPPH溶液。取0.2mL的丝素花青素纳米复合物的样品溶液至于EP管中,加入0.4mL的DPPH溶液,混合均匀,至于室温条件下避光放置30min,检测UV/vis吸光值。丝胶花青素纳米复合物按同样的实验方案进行处理。DPPH清除率按照下面的公式进行计算。
A0-乙醇(0.2mL)+DPPH(0.4mL)-检测DPPH初始吸光值
A1-样品(0.2mL)+DPPH(0.4mL)-检测剩余DPPH的吸光值
A2-样品(0.2mL)+乙醇(0.4mL)-检测样品本身的吸光值
本实验所获的结果见图17。
丝素自身不具有抗氧化活性,花青素与丝素花青素纳米复合物的抗氧化活性无显著性差异,这说明丝素的加入并没有影响花青素自身的活性。丝胶本身具有一定的自由基清除能力,在与花青素共组装后没有影响到花青素的活性。丝素和丝胶在提升花青素稳定性的同时,花青素的活性并没有受到影响,扩展了花青素的应用范围。
本专利的原材料提取简单,成本低,且制备方法简单,易操作,生物安全性好,利用了蚕桑体系中的蚕丝与花青素来进行结合,在不改变花青素的自身活性的同时,提升了花青素的稳定性,所制备的花青素纳米复合物可用于食品、化妆品、保健品和药品等方面,同时还扩大了蚕桑产品的应用。
以上所述,仅为本专利较佳的具体实施方式,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所述的蚕丝的水解活性成分。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内,通过水解蚕丝获得的蚕丝蛋白来制备花青素纳米复合物及其应用均落入本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.蚕丝蛋白在制备花青素纳米复合物上的应用,其特征在于,所述蚕丝蛋白为蚕丝水解后的产物丝素、或丝胶中一种或两者组合,所述丝素或丝胶的分子量为100-30000Da。
2.基于权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,配制蛋白溶液和花青素溶液
将蛋白粉末和花青素粉末溶于去离子水中,配制成蛋白溶液和花青素溶液;
步骤2,制备花青素纳米复合物
当蛋白粉末为丝素时,将丝素与花青素按质量比为1:0.1-0.8混合,丝素终浓度大于0.1mg/mL,混合后涡旋5s后得到花青素纳米复合物;
当蛋白粉末为丝胶时,水溶液状态的丝胶与花青素按质量比为1:0.4-2.0,此时丝胶的浓度为0.1-2mg/mL,凝胶状态的丝胶与花青素按质量比为1:0.05-0.25,此时丝胶的浓度应大于2mg/mL,混合后涡旋5s后得到花青素纳米复合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,步骤1中蛋白溶液配置时,需超声10min。
4.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,步骤2中丝素与花青素的质量比为1:0.5,丝素终浓度为1.0mg/mL,花青素终浓度为0.5mg/mL。
5.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,步骤2中水溶液状态的丝胶与花青素的质量比为1:0.8,丝胶终浓度为0.5mg/mL,花青素终浓度为0.4mg/mL;凝胶状态的丝胶与花青素质量比为1:0.1,丝胶终浓度为4.0mg/mL,花青素终浓度为0.4mg/mL。
6.基于权利要求1-5所得花青素纳米复合物在制备食品、化妆品、保健品或药品上的应用。
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