CN112876843A - 一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical group CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003231 aliphatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006367 bivalent amino carbonyl group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])C([*:2])=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/047—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with mixed fibrous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
- C08J5/043—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with glass fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2377/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2451/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2451/06—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/04—Ingredients characterised by their shape and organic or inorganic ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/08—Oxygen-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
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- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙，由以下重量份的原料制成：尼龙66 55份，玻璃纤维25份，硫酸钙晶须15份，增韧剂3份，偶联剂1份，相容剂1份。本发明使用直径为15～20μm硫酸钙来增强尼龙复合材料，增强后，尼龙复合材料拉伸强度、弯曲强度提高2～3倍，刚性增加2～5倍，蠕变值降低为未增强的四分之一。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及尼龙生产技术领域，尤其涉及一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚酰胺俗称尼龙(Nylon)，英文名称Polyamide(简称PA)，密度1.15g/cm，是分子主链上含有重复酰胺基团-[NHCO]-的热塑性树脂总称，包括脂肪族PA，脂肪-芳香族PA和芳香族PA。其中脂肪族PA品种多，产量大，应用广泛，其命名由合成单体具体的碳原子数而定。尼龙作为工程塑料中最大最重要的品种，具有很强的生命力，主要在于它改性后实现高性能化，其次是汽车、电器、通讯、电子、机械等产业自身对产品高性能的要求越来越强烈，相关产业的飞速发展，促进了工程塑料高性能化的进程。
尼龙作为工程塑料，与其他塑料相比，有其显著的特点。尼龙是一种半硬质塑料，质地坚韧，有较好的机械性能，特别是耐冲击性能，是其他塑料不可比拟的。它的摩擦系数低，磨耗小，可作自润滑材料，因而可制作传动件。此外，尼龙还具有优良的耐化学腐蚀性、电性能，成型加工方便等优点。但尼龙作为结构件，由于它蠕变性大，耐热性低，收缩率大，尺寸稳定性差，这就限制了尼龙的使用范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙及其制备方法。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是：一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙，由以下重量份的原料制成：尼龙66 55份，玻璃纤维25份，硫酸钙晶须15份，增韧剂3份，偶联剂1份，相容剂1份。
上述技术方案所述玻璃纤维为耐碱玻璃纤维，玻璃纤维的直径为15～20μm。
上述技术方案所述硫酸钙晶须的直径为15～20μm。
上述技术方案所述增韧剂为PE接枝马来酸酐。
上述技术方案所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂。
上述技术方案所述相容剂为甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯。
一种制备权利要求1～7任一所述添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙的方法，具有以下步骤：
步骤1，按配比称取各组分，烘干备用；
步骤2，将尼龙66、增韧剂、偶联剂、相容剂混合后置于双螺杆挤出机中经240～260℃熔融挤出，
步骤3，在双螺杆挤出机的侧喂料口加入玻璃纤维和硫酸钙晶须，造粒制成尼龙复合材料。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明具有以下积极的效果：
本发明使用直径为15～20μm硫酸钙来增强尼龙复合材料，增强后，尼龙复合材料拉伸强度、弯曲强度提高2～3倍，刚性增加2～5倍，蠕变值降低为未增强的四分之一。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
按重量份称取尼龙66 55份，玻璃纤维25份，硫酸钙晶须15份，增韧剂3份，偶联剂1份，相容剂1份，烘干备用；将尼龙66 55份、增韧剂3份、偶联剂1份、相容剂1份混合后置于双螺杆挤出机中经240～260℃熔融挤出，在双螺杆挤出机的侧喂料口加入玻璃纤维25份和硫酸钙晶须15份，造粒制成尼龙复合材料。
挤出机各区温度为:一区温度240～250℃、二区温度250～260℃、三区温度260～280℃、四区温度260～280℃、五区温度260～280℃、六区温度280～290℃、七区温度260～270℃、机头温度为250～260℃，双螺杆挤出机的挤出温度为230℃～280℃。
最终的国际标准测试如下：
拉伸性能：12100MPa(干燥)，6100MPa(潮湿)；
断裂应力：160MPa(干燥)，80MPa(潮湿)；
断裂伸长率：2.3％(干燥)，6％(潮湿)；
缺口冲击强度(23℃)：55KJ/m2(干燥)，62KJ/m2(潮湿)；
缺口冲击强度(-30℃)：50KJ/m2(干燥)；
无缺口冲击强度(23℃)：8KJ/m2(干燥)，16KJ/m2(潮湿)；
无缺口冲击强度(-30℃)：6.7KJ/m2(干燥)。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：尼龙66 55份，玻璃纤维25份，硫酸钙晶须15份，增韧剂3份，偶联剂1份，相容剂1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙，其特征在于：所述玻璃纤维为耐碱玻璃纤维，玻璃纤维的直径为15～20μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙，其特征在于：所述硫酸钙晶须的直径为15～20μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙，其特征在于：所述增韧剂为PE接枝马来酸酐。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙，其特征在于：所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙，其特征在于：所述相容剂为甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯。
7.一种制备权利要求1～7任一所述添加硫酸钙晶须的尼龙的方法，其特征在于，具有以下步骤：
步骤1，按配比称取各组分，烘干备用；
步骤2，将尼龙66、增韧剂、偶联剂、相容剂混合后置于双螺杆挤出机中经240～260℃熔融挤出，
步骤3，在双螺杆挤出机的侧喂料口加入玻璃纤维和硫酸钙晶须，造粒制成尼龙复合材料。
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